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Showing drug card for Nitrofurantoin (DB00698)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-06-23 18:06:03
Primary Accession Number DB00698
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00191
Name Nitrofurantoin
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
Description A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression. [PubChem]
Synonyms Not Available
Brand Names
  1. Alfuran
  2. Apo-Nitrofurantoin
  3. Benkfuran
  4. Berkfurin
  5. Ceduran
  6. Chemiofuran
  7. Cistofuran
  8. Cyantin
  9. Cystit
  10. Dantafur
  11. Fua Med
  12. Fuamed
  13. Fur-Ren
  14. Furabid
  15. Furachel
  16. Furadantin
  17. Furadantin Retard
  18. Furadantina MC
  19. Furadantine
  20. Furadantine Mc
  21. Furadantine-Mc
  22. Furadantoin
  23. Furadoin
  24. Furadoine
  25. Furadonin
  26. Furadonine
  27. Furadontin
  28. Furalan
  29. Furaloid
  30. Furan
  31. Furanite
  32. Furantoin
  33. Furantoina
  34. Furatoin
  35. Furedan
  36. Furina
  37. Furobactina
  38. Furophen T
  39. Furophen T-Caps
  40. Gerofuran
  41. It-Uran
  42. Ituran
  43. Ivadantin
  44. Macpac
  45. Macrobid
  46. Macrodantin
  47. Macrodantina
  48. Macrofuran
  49. Macrofurin
  50. N-Toin
  51. Nierofu
  52. Nifurantin
  53. Nitoin
  54. Nitrex
  55. Nitrofan
  56. Nitrofur-C
  57. Nitrofuradantin
  58. Novo-Furantoin
  59. Novofuran
  60. Orafuran
  61. Parfuran
  62. Phenurin
  63. Ro-Antoin
  64. Siraliden
  65. Trantoin
  66. USAF EA-2
  67. Uerineks
  68. Upiol
  69. Urantoin
  70. Urizept
  71. Uro-Selz
  72. Uro-Tablinen
  73. Urodin
  74. Urofuran
  75. Urofurin
  76. Urolisa
  77. Urolong
  78. Uvaleral
  79. Welfurin
  80. Zoofurin
Brand Mixtures Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name 1-[(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylideneamino]imidazolidine-2,4-dione
Chemical Formula C8H6N4O5
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 67-20-9
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C8H6N4O5/c13-6-4-11(8(14)10-6)9-3-5-1-2-7(17-5)12(15)16/h1-3H,4H2,(H,10,13,14)/b9-3-/f/h10H
InChI Key NXFQHRVNIOXGAQ-UTZXPRCPDQ
KEGG Drug D00439 Link Image
KEGG Compound Not Available
PubChem Compound 5353830 Link Image
PubChem Substance 149113 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
PharmGKB ID PA450640 Link Image
HET ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 00319511 Link Image
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/nitro25m.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrofurantoin Link Image
FDA Label
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Average Molecular Weight 238.1570
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 238.0338
State Solid
Melting Point 263 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 79.5 mg/L Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 4.15e-01 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -0.1 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP 0.03 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -2.76 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point 7.2
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1P87 Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Isomeric SMILES [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(O1)/C=N\N1CC(=O)NC1=O
Canonical SMILES [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(O1)C=NN1CC(=O)NC1=O
Drug Category
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary
  • Anti-Infectives
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 08:36.00
Indication For the treatment of infection of the urinary tract
Pharmacology Nitrofurantoin, a nitrofuran antibacterial agent, is available in microcrystalline and macrocrystalline form to treat urinary tract infections caused by many gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria.
Mechanism of Action Nitrofurantoin inhibits bacterial acetyl-coenzyme A, interfering with the organism's carbohydrate metabolism. The drug also can disrupt bacterial cell wall formation.
Absorption Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Protein Binding 60%
Biotransformation Not Available
Half Life 0.3-1 hour
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Capsule Oral
Tablet Oral
Patient Information Show Link Image
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions
  • Do not take magnesium at the same time.
  • Take with food since it increases bioavailability and reduces irritation.
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Drugs.com Link Image
  2. Wikipedia Link Image
  3. RxList Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Gram negative and gram positive bacteria
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
Targets
  1. 30S ribosomal protein S10
  2. Oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase
  3. Probable pyruvate-flavodoxin oxidoreductase
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name CYP2E1
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID P05181 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >sp|P05181|CP2E1_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2E1 (EC 1.14.14.1) 
MSALGVTVALLVWAAFLLLVSMWRQVHSSWNLPPGPFPLPIIGNLFQLELKNIPKSFTRL
AQRFGPVFTLYVGSQRMVVMHGYKAVKEALLDYKDEFSGRGDLPAFHAHRDRGIIFNNGP
TWKDIRRFSLTTLRNYGMGKQGNESRIQREAHFLLEALRKTQGQPFDPTFLIGCAPCNVI
ADILFRKHFDYNDEKFLRLMYLFNENFHLLSTPWLQLYNNFPSFLHYLPGSHRKVIKNVA
EVKEYVSERVKEHHQSLDPNCPRDLTDCLLVEMEKEKHSAERLYTMDGITVTVADLFFAG
TETTSTTLRYGLLILMKYPEIEEKLHEEIDRVIGPSRIPAIKDRQEMPYMDAVVHEIQRF
ITLVPSNLPHEATRDTIFRGYLIPKGTVVVPTLDSVLYDNQEFPDPEKFKPEHFLNENGK
FKYSDYFKPFSTGKRVCAGEGLARMELFLLLCAILQHFNLKPLVDPKDIDLSPIHIGFGC
IPPRYKLCVIPRS
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 176
Target 1 Name 30S ribosomal protein S10
Target 1 Synonyms Not Available
Target 1 Gene Name rpsJ
Target 1 Protein Sequence >30S ribosomal protein S10 
MQNQRIRIRLKAFDHRLIDQATAEIVETAKRTGAQVRGPIPLPTRKERFTVLISPHVNKD
ARDQYEIRTHLRLVDIVEPTEKTVDALMRLDLAAGVDVQISLG
Target 1 Number of Residues 104
Target 1 Molecular Weight 11736
Target 1 Theoretical pI 10.34
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
structural molecule activity
structural constituent of ribosome
Process
physiological process
metabolism
macromolecule metabolism
macromolecule biosynthesis
protein biosynthesis
Component
cell
intracellular
protein complex
ribonucleoprotein complex
ribosome
small ribosomal subunit
Target 1 General Function Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Target 1 Specific Function Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 42857 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P0A7R5 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name RS10_ECOLI Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1P87 Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Target 1 Gene Sequence >312 bp 
ATGCAGAACCAAAGAATCCGTATCCGCCTGAAAGCGTTTGATCATCGTCTGATCGATCAA
GCAACCGCGGAAATCGTCGAGACTGCCAAGCGCACTGGTGCGCAGGTCCGTGGTCCGATC
CCGCTGCCGACACGCAAAGAGCGCTTCACTGTTCTGATCTCCCCGCACGTCAACAAAGAC
GCGCGCGATCAGTACGAAATCCGTACTCACTTGCGTCTGGTTGACATCGTTGAGCCAACC
GAGAAAACCGTTGATGCTCTGATGCGTCTGGATCTGGCTGCCGGTGTAGACGTGCAGATC
AGCCTGGGTTAA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 1 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 1 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 1 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 1 Locus Not Available
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Arnold RJ, Reilly JP: Observation of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins and their posttranslational modifications by mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem. 1999 Apr 10;269(1):105-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Tung CS, Joseph S, Sanbonmatsu KY: All-atom homology model of the Escherichia coli 30S ribosomal subunit. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Oct;9(10):750-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gao H, Sengupta J, Valle M, Korostelev A, Eswar N, Stagg SM, Van Roey P, Agrawal RK, Harvey SC, Sali A, Chapman MS, Frank J: Study of the structural dynamics of the E coli 70S ribosome using real-space refinement. Cell. 2003 Jun 13;113(6):789-801. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Zurawski G, Zurawski SM: Structure of the Escherichia coli S10 ribosomal protein operon. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jun 25;13(12):4521-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yaguchi M, Roy C, Wittmann HG: The primary structure of protein S10 from the small ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 1980 Nov 17;121(1):113-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Olins PO, Nomura M: Regulation of the S10 ribosomal protein operon in E. coli: nucleotide sequence at the start of the operon. Cell. 1981 Oct;26(2 Pt 2):205-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Link AJ, Robison K, Church GM: Comparing the predicted and observed properties of proteins encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. Electrophoresis. 1997 Aug;18(8):1259-313. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 685
Target 2 Name Oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. EC 1.-.-.-
  2. Modulator of drug activity A
Target 2 Gene Name nfsA
Target 2 Protein Sequence >Oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase 
MTPTIELICGHRSIRHFTDEPISEAQREAIINSARATSSSSFLQCSSIIRITDKALREEL
VTLTGGQKHVAQAAEFWVFCADFNRHLQICPDAQLGLAEQLLLGVVDTAMMAQNALIAAE
SLGLGGVYIGGLRNNIEAVTKLLKLPQHVLPLFGLCLGWPADNPDLKPRLPASILVHENS
YQPLDKGALAQYDEQLAEYYLTRGSNNRRDTWSDHIRRTIIKESRPFILDYLHKQGWATR
Target 2 Number of Residues 244
Target 2 Molecular Weight 26801
Target 2 Theoretical pI 6.94
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
electron transport
Component
Not Available
Target 2 General Function Energy production and conversion
Target 2 Specific Function Reduction of nitroaromatic compounds using NADH. Reduces nitrofurazone by a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism possibly to generate a two-electron transfer product. Major component of the oxygen- insensitive nitroreductase activity in E.coli
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • None
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 2 Essentiality Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 609324 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P17117 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NFSA_ECOLI Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID 1F5V Link Image
Target 2 PDB File Show
Target 2 3D Structure
Target 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Target 2 Gene Sequence >723 bp 
ATGACGCCAACCATTGAACTTATTTGTGGCCATCGCTCCATTCGCCATTTCACTGATGAA
CCCATTTCCGAAGCGCAGCGTGAGGCGATTATTAACAGCGCCCGTGCGACGTCCAGTTCC
AGTTTTTTGCAGTGCAGTAGCATTATTCGCATTACCGACAAAGCGTTACGTGAAGAACTG
GTGACGCTGACCGGCGGGCAAAAACACGTAGCGCAAGCGGCGGAGTTCTGGGTGTTCTGT
GCCGACTTTAACCGCCATTTACAGATCTGTCCGGATGCTCAGCTCGGCCTGGCGGAACAA
CTGTTGCTCGGTGTCGTTGATACGGCAATGATGGCGCAGAATGCATTAATCGCAGCGGAA
TCGCTGGGATTGGGCGGGGTATATATCGGCGGCCTGCGCAATAATATTGAAGCGGTGACG
AAACTGCTTAAATTACCGCAGCATGTTCTGCCGCTGTTTGGGCTGTGCCTTGGCTGGCCT
GCGGATAATCCGGATCTTAAGCCGCGTTTACCGGCCTCCATTTTGGTGCATGAAAACAGC
TATCAACCGCTGGATAAAGGCGCACTGGCGCAGTATGACGAGCAACTGGCGGAATATTAC
CTCACCCGTGGCAGCAATAATCGCCGGGATACCTGGAGCGATCATATCCGCCGAACAATC
ATTAAAGAAAGCCGCCCATTTATTCTGGATTATTTGCACAAACAGGGTTGGGCGACGCGC
TAA
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 2 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 2 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 2 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 2 Locus Not Available
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Kobori T, Sasaki H, Lee WC, Zenno S, Saigo K, Murphy ME, Tanokura M: Structure and site-directed mutagenesis of a flavoprotein from Escherichia coli that reduces nitrocompounds: alteration of pyridine nucleotide binding by a single amino acid substitution. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jan 26;276(4):2816-23. Epub 2000 Oct 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kang WK, Icho T, Isono S, Kitakawa M, Isono K: Characterization of the gene rimK responsible for the addition of glutamic acid residues to the C-terminus of ribosomal protein S6 in Escherichia coli K12. Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Jun;217(2-3):281-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chatterjee PK, Sternberg NL: A general genetic approach in Escherichia coli for determining the mechanism(s) of action of tumoricidal agents: application to DMP 840, a tumoricidal agent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 12;92(19):8950-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Zenno S, Koike H, Kumar AN, Jayaraman R, Tanokura M, Saigo K: Biochemical characterization of NfsA, the Escherichia coli major nitroreductase exhibiting a high amino acid sequence homology to Frp, a Vibrio harveyi flavin oxidoreductase. J Bacteriol. 1996 Aug;178(15):4508-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Oshima T, Aiba H, Baba T, Fujita K, Hayashi K, Honjo A, Ikemoto K, Inada T, Itoh T, Kajihara M, Kanai K, Kashimoto K, Kimura S, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Masuda S, Miki T, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Motomura K, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Nishio Y, Saito N, Horiuchi T, et al.: A 718-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 12.7-28.0 min region on the linkage map. DNA Res. 1996 Jun 30;3(3):137-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Zenno S, Kobori T, Tanokura M, Saigo K: Conversion of NfsA, the major Escherichia coli nitroreductase, to a flavin reductase with an activity similar to that of Frp, a flavin reductase in Vibrio harveyi, by a single amino acid substitution. J Bacteriol. 1998 Jan;180(2):422-5. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Lightfoot RT, Shuman D, Ischiropoulos H: Oxygen-insensitive nitroreductases of Escherichia coli do not reduce 3-nitrotyrosine. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Apr 1;28(7):1132-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kutty R, Bennett GN: Biochemical characterization of trinitrotoluene transforming oxygen-insensitive nitroreductases from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Arch Microbiol. 2005 Nov;184(3):158-67. Epub 2005 Nov 10. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 3 [top]
Target 3 ID 4117
Target 3 Name Probable pyruvate-flavodoxin oxidoreductase
Target 3 Synonyms
  1. EC 1.2.7.-
Target 3 Gene Name ydbK
Target 3 Protein Sequence >Probable pyruvate-flavodoxin oxidoreductase 
MITIDGNGAVASVAFRTSEVIAIYPITPSSTMAEQADAWAGNGLKNVWGDTPRVVEMQSE
AGAIATVHGALQTGALSTSFTSSQGLLLMIPTLYKLAGELTPFVLHVAARTVATHALSIF
GDHSDVMAVRQTGCAMLCAANVQEAQDFALISQIATLKSRVPFIHFFDGFRTSHEINKIV
PLADDTILDLMPQVEIDAHRARALNPEHPVIRGTSANPDTYFQSREATNPWYNAVYDHVE
QAMNDFSAATGRQYQPFEYYGHPQAERVIILMGSAIGTCEEVVDELLTRGEKVGVLKVRL
YRPFSAKHLLQALPGSVRSVAVLDRTKEPGAQAEPLYLDVMTALAEAFNNGERETLPRVI
GGRYGLSSKEFGPDCVLAVFAELNAAKPKARFTVGIYDDVTNLSLPLPENTLPNSAKLEA
LFYGLGSDGSVSATKNNIKIIGNSTPWYAQGYFVYDSKKAGGLTVSHLRVSEQPIRSAYL
ISQADFVGCHQLQFIDKYQMAERLKPGGIFLLNTPYSADEVWSRLPQEVQAVLNQKKARF
YVINAAKIARECGLAARINTVMQMAFFHLTQILPGDSALAELQGAIAKSYSSKGQDLVER
NWQALALARESVEEVPLQPVNPHSANRPPVVSDAAPDFVKTVTAAMLAGLGDALPVSALP
PDGTWPMGTTRWEKRNIAEEIPIWKEELCTQCNHCVAACPHSAIRAKVVPPEAMENAPAS
LHSLDVKSRDMRGQKYVLQVAPEDCTGCNLCVEVCPAKDRQNPEIKAINMMSRLEHVEEE
KINYDFFLNLPEIDRSKLERIDIRTSQLITPLFEYSGACSGCGETPYIKLLTQLYGDRML
IANATGCSSIYGGNLPSTPYTTDANGRGPAWANSLFEDNAEFGLGFRLTVDQHRVRVLRL
LDQFADKIPAELLTALKSDATPEVRREQVAALRQQLNDVAEAHELLRDADALVEKSIWLI
GGDGWAYDIGFGGLDHVLSLTENVNILVLDTQCYSNTGGQASKATPLGAVTKFGEHGKRK
ARKDLGVSMMMYGHVYVAQISLGAQLNQTVKAIQEAEAYPGPSLIIAYSPCEEHGYDLAL
SHDQMRQLTATGFWPLYRFDPRRADEGKLPLALDSRPPSEAPEETLLHEQRFRRLNSQQP
EVAEQLWKDAAADLQKRYDFLAQMAGKAEKSNTD
Target 3 Number of Residues 1193
Target 3 Molecular Weight 128826
Target 3 Theoretical pI 5.57
Target 3 GO Classification
Function
vitamin binding
thiamin pyrophosphate binding
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
binding
ion binding
cation binding
transition metal ion binding
iron ion binding
transporter activity
electron transporter activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
electron transport
Component
Not Available
Target 3 General Function Energy production and conversion
Target 3 Specific Function Oxidoreductase required for the transfer of electrons from pyruvate to flavodoxin (Potential)
Target 3 Pathways Not Available
Target 3 Reactions Not Available
Target 3 Pfam Domain Function
Target 3 Signals
  • None
Target 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 3 Essentiality Essential
Target 3 GenBank ID Protein 1787642 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P52647 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NIFJ_ECOLI Link Image
Target 3 PDB ID Not Available
Target 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Target 3 Gene Sequence >3525 bp 
TTAATCGGTGTTGCTTTTTTCCGCTTTTCCGGCCATTTGTGCCAGGAAGTCATAGCGTTT
TTGCAAATCAGCTGCAGCATCTTTCCATAACTGTTCTGCCACTTCTGGCTGCTGCGAATT
CAGCCGACGGAAACGTTGCTCGTGAAGTAACGTTTCTTCCGGTGCTTCTGACGGCGGGCG
TGAATCCAAGGCCAGCGGCAGTTTGCCTTCATCGGCACGACGCGGATCAAAGCGATATAG
CGGCCAGAAGCCGGTAGCTGTGAGTTGGCGCATCTGGTCGTGGCTGAGTGCCAGATCGTA
ACCATGCTCTTCACACGGGCTATAAGCAATGATCAGCGATGGCCCCGGATACGCTTCCGC
TTCCTGAATCGCTTTCACCGTCTGGTTCAGCTGCGCGCCGAGAGAAATCTGCGCCACATA
AACATGACCGTACATCATCATACTGACGCCAAGATCTTTACGCGCTTTACGTTTGCCGTG
CTCGCCAAATTTAGTTACTGCACCCAGCGGTGTCGCTTTCGACGCCTGACCACCGGTGTT
GGAATAGCATTGCGTATCCAGCACCAGAATGTTGACGTTTTCCGTCAAACTCAATACATG
ATCCAGACCGCCAAAGCCGATATCGTAAGCCCAGCCATCACCACCAATCAGCCAGATTGA
TTTTTCCACCAGTGCATCTGCATCACGTAGCAGTTCATGTGCTTCGGCAACATCGTTGAG
TTGCTGGCGTAAAGCTGCAACCTGTTCACGACGAACCTCTGGCGTGGCGTCTGATTTCAA
CGCCGTCAGTAATTCCGCCGGGATTTTATCGGCAAATTGATCCAGCAGACGCAGCACGCG
GACACGGTGTTGATCGACCGTCAGGCGGAAACCAAGGCCAAATTCGGCATTATCTTCAAA
TAGAGAGTTCGCCCATGCCGGCCCACGACCGTTGGCATCGGTGGTATACGGTGTAGAGGG
CAGGTTACCGCCATAAATTGAAGAACAGCCAGTGGCGTTAGCGATCAACATCCGGTCGCC
ATAGAGCTGAGTCAGTAATTTAATATACGGCGTCTCGCCACAACCGGAGCAAGCACCTGA
ATATTCAAACAGCGGTGTAATCAGCTGCGATGTACGAATATCAATACGTTCCAGTTTGCT
ACGGTCGATTTCTGGCAGGTTGAGGAAGAAATCGTAATTGATTTTCTCTTCTTCGACATG
TTCCAGGCGAGACATCATATTGATGGCTTTAATCTCTGGATTCTGACGGTCTTTCGCCGG
GCAAACTTCGACGCACAGGTTACAACCGGTGCAATCTTCCGGTGCCACCTGCAAGACATA
TTTCTGCCCGCGCATATCACGCGATTTCACATCCAGCGAATGCAGGCTGGCAGGGGCGTT
TTCCATCGCTTCAGGCGGCACCACTTTTGCGCGAATAGCTGAGTGTGGGCAAGCGGCAAC
GCAGTGGTTACATTGGGTACAGAGTTCCTCTTTCCAGATGGGGATCTCTTCGGCGATATT
GCGTTTTTCCCAGCGCGTAGTGCCCATCGGCCAGGTGCCGTCTGGCGGCAGCGCCGAAAC
GGGGAGGGCGTCACCAAGCCCGGCGAGCATCGCAGCGGTTACGGTTTTCACGAAATCAGG
GGCGGCATCGGAAACCACTGGCGGTCGATTGGCGCTGTGCGGATTTACCGGTTGCAACGG
AACTTCTTCTACGGATTCACGCGCCAGCGCCAGAGCCTGCCAGTTGCGTTCCACCAGATC
CTGGCCTTTGCTACTGTAACTTTTGGCAATCGCACCCTGCAATTCTGCGAGGGCGCTATC
GCCAGGCAGAATTTGCGTCAGATGGAAAAAAGCCATCTGCATGACGGTATTAATACGGGC
CGCCAGGCCACATTCGCGGGCGATTTTCGCCGCGTTAATCACATAGAAGCGCGCTTTTTT
CTGGTTTAACACGGCCTGAACTTCTTGCGGCAAGCGCGACCACACTTCATCTGCGCTGTA
CGGCGTGTTGAGCAGGAAAATGCCGCCAGGTTTTAAACGCTCAGCCATCTGATATTTATC
GATAAACTGCAACTGGTGGCAGCCAACAAAATCAGCCTGGGAAATGAGATAAGCGGAACG
AATCGGCTGTTCGCTCACTCGAAGGTGAGAAACCGTCAGGCCGCCCGCCTTTTTGGAGTC
GTAAACAAAATAGCCCTGTGCGTACCACGGCGTGGAATTACCGATAATCTTGATATTGTT
TTTGGTCGCGGAAACGCTGCCATCACTACCAAGGCCATAAAACAAGGCTTCCAGTTTCGC
CGAGTTTGGCAGGGTGTTTTCCGGCAACGGCAGTGACAGATTGGTCACATCATCGTAAAT
ACCAACCGTAAAGCGCGCTTTCGGTTTAGCCGCGTTGAGCTCGGCAAATACCGCCAGTAC
ACAGTCTGGGCCAAATTCTTTGGATGAAAGACCATAGCGCCCACCAATGACACGGGGCAG
AGTTTCGCGCTCGCCATTATTAAAGGCTTCTGCCAGTGCGGTCATTACATCCAGATAGAG
CGGTTCTGCCTGGGCACCGGGTTCTTTGGTTCTGTCCAGTACCGCCACGCTGCGTACGGA
TCCCGGCAGAGCTTGCAGTAAATGTTTAGCGGAGAAGGGGCGGTACAGGCGAACTTTCAG
CACGCCAACTTTTTCGCCACGGGTTAGCAATTCATCAACCACTTCTTCACAGGTGCCAAT
GGCAGAGCCCATCAGGATAATCACCCGTTCCGCTTGCGGATGCCCGTAATATTCAAACGG
CTGATACTGACGACCTGTCGCGGCAGAGAAATCATTCATCGCCTGTTCAACATGGTCATA
GACCGCGTTGTACCATGGGTTGGTGGCTTCGCGAGACTGGAAATAAGTGTCAGGATTGGC
GGACGTACCGCGGATCACCGGATGTTCCGGGTTGAGTGCCCGGGCGCGATGAGCATCAAT
TTCGACCTGCGGCATGAGATCAAGAATCGTGTCATCGGCCAGCGGGACAATTTTATTGAT
TTCGTGGGACGTGCGGAAACCATCAAAGAAATGAATAAATGGCACGCGGCTTTTCAGCGT
CGCGATTTGCGAAATGAGAGCAAAGTCTTGCGCTTCCTGGACGTTTGCTGCACACAACAT
CGCGCAACCCGTCTGGCGCACCGCCATAACGTCGGAATGATCGCCAAAAATAGAGAGTGC
ATGTGTGGCAACGGTACGTGCCGCTACATGCAGGACAAACGGTGTTAGTTCGCCTGCCAG
TTTGTACAGCGTCGGGATCATCAGCAGCAAACCCTGCGATGACGTAAACGATGTTGAAAG
GGCACCCGTCTGCAAAGCGCCATGCACGGTAGCGATAGCACCCGCTTCCGACTGCATTTC
AACCACGCGTGGTGTGTCTCCCCAAACGTTCTTTAAGCCGTTTCCGGCCCAGGCATCAGC
CTGTTCTGCCATCGTGGAACTGGGGGTAATAGGGTAGATGGCGATAACTTCACTGGTGCG
AAATGCGACCGAAGCAACCGCGCCATTACCGTCAATAGTAATCAT
Target 3 GenBank Gene ID
Target 3 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 3 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 3 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 3 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 3 Locus Not Available
Target 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 3 General References
  1. Bunch PK, Mat-Jan F, Lee N, Clark DP: The ldhA gene encoding the fermentative lactate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli. Microbiology. 1997 Jan;143 ( Pt 1):187-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Itoh T, Kasai H, Kashimoto K, Kimura S, Kitakawa M, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Mori T, Motomura K, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Nishio Y, Oshima T, Saito N, Sampei G, Horiuchi T, et al.: A 570-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 28.0-40.1 min region on the linkage map. DNA Res. 1996 Dec 31;3(6):363-77. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-74. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 3 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.