| Identification |
| Name |
Sodium bicarbonate |
| Accession Number |
DB01390
|
| Type |
small molecule |
| Groups |
approved |
| Description |
Sodium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions. |
| Structure |
Download:
MOL |
SDF |
SMILES |
InChI
Display:
2D Structure |
3D Structure
|
| Synonyms |
- Bicarbonate of soda
- Carbonic acid monosodium salt
- Sodium acid carbonate
- Sodium hydrocarbonate
- Sodium hydrogen carbonate
- Sodium hydrogencarbonate
|
| Brand names |
- 800 Sodium Bicarbonate Powder
- Acidosan
- Baros
- BSS plus
- Citrocarbonate
- Co-lav
- Colovage
- Colyte
- E-Z-EM Prep Lyte
- Elliotts B solution
- Endosol extra
- Glycoprep
- Go-evac
- Golytely
- Gripe water
- Hema BP-38
- Meylon
- Natrum bicarbonicum
- Neut
- Nulytely
- OCL
- Peg-lyte
- Sandoz sodium bicarbonate
- Sodium bicarbonate in plastic container
- Sodium bicarbonate liquid concentrate
|
| Brand name mixtures |
- Alka-Seltzer Flavoured (Acetylsalicylic Acid + Citric Acid + Sodium Bicarbonate)
- Amo Endosol Extra (alcium Chloride + Dextrose + Glutathione Disulfide + Magnesium Chloride + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Phosphate Dibasic)
- Artrol (Antipyrine + Cimicifuga Racemosa + Methyl Salicylate + Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Salicylate + Taraxacum Officinale Weber)
- Baros Effervescent Granules (Sodium Bicarbonate + Tartaric Acid)
- Bicarbonate Concentrate D16000 (Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride)
- Bicarbonate Concentrate D16001 (Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride)
- E-Z-Gas 2 (Citric Acid + Sodium Bicarbonate)
- Woodward's Gripe Water (Oil of Dill + Sodium Bicarbonate)
|
| Categories |
|
| CAS number |
144-55-8 |
| Weight |
Average: 84.0066 Monoisotopic: 83.982338573
|
| Chemical Formula |
CHNaO3 |
| InChI Key |
InChIKey=UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| InChI |
InChI=1S/CH2O3.Na/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
Plain Text
|
| IUPAC Name |
sodium hydrogen carbonate
|
| SMILES |
[Na+].OC([O-])=O
Plain Text
|
| Mass Spec |
Not Available
|
| Taxonomy |
| Kingdom |
Organic |
| Classes |
- Carbonic Acids and Derivatives
|
| Substructures |
- Hydroxy Compounds
- Anions
- Carbonic Acids and Derivatives
- Cations
|
| Pharmacology |
| Indication |
Sodium bicarbonate is used for the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis. Also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate. Further indicated in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturateprotein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments. |
| Pharmacodynamics |
Intravenous sodium bicarbonate therapy increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, raises blood pH and reverses the clinical manifestations of acidosis. |
| Mechanism of action |
Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalizer, which increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis. It is also a urinary alkalizer, increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in the urine, thus effectively raising the urinary pH. By maintaining an alkaline urine, the actual dissolution of uric acid stones may be accomplished. Sodium bicarbonate acts as an antacid and reacts chemically to neutralize or buffer existing quantities of stomach acid but has no direct effect on its output. This action results in increased pH value of stomach contents, thus providing relief of hyperacidity symptoms. [PharmGKB] |
| Absorption |
Not Available |
| Volume of distribution |
Not Available |
| Protein binding |
Not Available |
| Metabolism |
|
| Route of elimination |
Not Available |
| Half life |
Not Available |
| Clearance |
Not Available |
| Toxicity |
Not Available |
| Affected organisms |
|
| Pathways |
Not Available |
| Pharmacoeconomics |
| Manufacturers |
- Hospira inc
- Abbott laboratories pharmaceutical products div
|
| Packagers |
|
| Dosage forms |
| Form |
Route |
Strength |
| Liquid |
Oral |
|
| Powder |
Oral |
|
| Solution |
Intravenous |
|
| Solution / drops |
Oral |
|
| Tablet |
Oral |
|
|
| Prices |
| Unit description |
Cost |
Unit |
| Golytely 236 gm Solution |
28.0 USD |
bottle |
| Colyte 240 gm Solution |
26.0 USD |
bottle |
| Golytely 227.1 gm Solution Packet |
21.85 USD |
packet |
| Colyte-Flavored 240 gm Solution |
18.17 USD |
bottle |
| Elliotts b solution ampule |
4.71 USD |
ml |
| Sodium bicarb 4.2% vial |
1.45 USD |
ml |
| Neut 4% vial |
0.92 USD |
ml |
| Bss plus eye solution |
0.2 USD |
ml |
| Sodium bicarb 650 mg tablet |
0.07 USD |
tablet |
| Antacid 650 mg tablet |
0.05 USD |
tablet |
| Antacid 325 mg tablet |
0.04 USD |
tablet |
| Sodium bicarb 325 mg tablet |
0.04 USD |
tablet |
| Sodium bicarb 7.5% vial |
0.04 USD |
ml |
| Sodium bicarbonate powder |
0.03 USD |
g |
| Sodium bicarb 8.4% vial |
0.02 USD |
ml |
| Sodium bicarbonate 5% inj |
0.02 USD |
ml |
| Colyte with flavor packets |
0.01 USD |
ml |
|
| Patents |
Not Available |
| Properties |
| State |
solid |
| Melting point |
Decomposes around 50 oC |
| Experimental Properties |
| Property |
Value |
Source |
| water solubility |
100 mg/mL at 25 oC [MERCK INDEX (1996)] |
PhysProp |
| pKa |
6.3 |
Various sources |
|
| Predicted Properties |
|
| References |
| Synthesis Reference |
Not Available
|
| General Reference |
Not Available
|
| External Links |
|
| ATC Codes |
Not Available |
| AHFS Codes |
Not Available |
| PDB Entries |
Not Available |
| FDA label |
Not Available
|
| MSDS |
show (74 KB)
|
| Interactions |
| Drug Interactions |
Not Available |
| Food Interactions |
Not Available |
| Targets |
1. Hydrogen ions
Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: neutralizer
References:
- Nudel DB, Peterson BJ, Buckley BJ, Kaplan NA, Weinhaouse E, Gootman N: Comparative effects of bicarbonate and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with hypoxic lactic acidosis. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1990;15(2):86-93. Pubmed
- Roderick P, Willis NS, Blakeley S, Jones C, Tomson C: Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan 24;(1):CD001890. Pubmed
- Balali-Mood M, Balali-Mood K: Neurotoxic disorders of organophosphorus compounds and their managements. Arch Iran Med. 2008 Jan;11(1):65-89. Pubmed
- Vaughan-Jones RD, Spitzer KW: Role of bicarbonate in the regulation of intracellular pH in the mammalian ventricular myocyte. Biochem Cell Biol. 2002;80(5):579-96. Pubmed
- Levraut J, Giunti C, Ciebiera JP, de Sousa G, Ramhani R, Payan P, Grimaud D: Initial effect of sodium bicarbonate on intracellular pH depends on the extracellular nonbicarbonate buffering capacity. Crit Care Med. 2001 May;29(5):1033-9. Pubmed
|
| Transporters |
1. Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1
Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q9Y6R1 
Gene: SLC4A4
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
- Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed
2. Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 3
Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q9Y6M7 
Gene: SLC4A7
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
- Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed
3. Electroneutral sodium bicarbonate exchanger 1
Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q2Y0W8 
Gene: SLC4A8
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
- Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed
4. Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 4
Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q9BY07 
Gene: SLC4A5
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
- Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed
5. Sodium-driven chloride bicarbonate exchanger
Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q6U841 
Gene: SLC4A10
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
- Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
- Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed
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