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targets (1) transporters (5)
for drugs
Identification
Name Sodium bicarbonate
Accession Number DB01390
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

Sodium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
Bicarbonate of soda
Carbonic acid monosodium salt
Sodium acid carbonate
Sodium hydrocarbonate
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Sodium hydrogencarbonate
Salts Not Available
Brand names Not Available
Brand mixtures
Brand Name Ingredients
Alka-Seltzer Flavoured Acetylsalicylic Acid + Citric Acid + Sodium Bicarbonate
Amo Endosol Extra alcium Chloride + Dextrose + Glutathione Disulfide + Magnesium Chloride + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Phosphate Dibasic
Artrol Antipyrine + Cimicifuga Racemosa + Methyl Salicylate + Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Salicylate + Taraxacum Officinale Weber
Baros Effervescent Granules Sodium Bicarbonate + Tartaric Acid
Bicarbonate Concentrate D16000 Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride
Bicarbonate Concentrate D16001 Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride
E-Z-Gas 2 Citric Acid + Sodium Bicarbonate
Woodward's Gripe Water Oil of Dill + Sodium Bicarbonate
Categories
  • Antidiarrheals
CAS number 144-55-8
Weight Average: 84.0066
Monoisotopic: 83.982338573
Chemical Formula CHNaO3
InChI Key InChIKey=UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI
InChI=1S/CH2O3.Na/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
sodium hydrogen carbonate
SMILES
[Na+].OC([O-])=O
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Carbonic Acids and Derivatives
Substructures
  • Hydroxy Compounds
  • Anions
  • Carbonic Acids and Derivatives
  • Cations
Pharmacology
Indication Sodium bicarbonate is used for the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis. Also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate. Further indicated in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturateprotein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments.
Pharmacodynamics Intravenous sodium bicarbonate therapy increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, raises blood pH and reverses the clinical manifestations of acidosis.
Mechanism of action Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalizer, which increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis. It is also a urinary alkalizer, increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in the urine, thus effectively raising the urinary pH. By maintaining an alkaline urine, the actual dissolution of uric acid stones may be accomplished. Sodium bicarbonate acts as an antacid and reacts chemically to neutralize or buffer existing quantities of stomach acid but has no direct effect on its output. This action results in increased pH value of stomach contents, thus providing relief of hyperacidity symptoms. [PharmGKB]
Absorption Not Available
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Metabolism Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Half life Not Available
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Hospira inc
  • Abbott laboratories pharmaceutical products div
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Liquid Oral
Powder Oral
Solution Intravenous
Solution / drops Oral
Tablet Oral
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Golytely 236 gm Solution 28.0 USD bottle
Colyte 240 gm Solution 26.0 USD bottle
Golytely 227.1 gm Solution Packet 21.85 USD packet
Colyte-Flavored 240 gm Solution 18.17 USD bottle
Elliotts b solution ampule 4.71 USD ml
Sodium bicarb 4.2% vial 1.45 USD ml
Neut 4% vial 0.92 USD ml
Bss plus eye solution 0.2 USD ml
Sodium bicarb 650 mg tablet 0.07 USD tablet
Antacid 650 mg tablet 0.05 USD tablet
Antacid 325 mg tablet 0.04 USD tablet
Sodium bicarb 325 mg tablet 0.04 USD tablet
Sodium bicarb 7.5% vial 0.04 USD ml
Sodium bicarbonate powder 0.03 USD g
Sodium bicarb 8.4% vial 0.02 USD ml
Sodium bicarbonate 5% inj 0.02 USD ml
Colyte with flavor packets 0.01 USD ml
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Patents Not Available
Properties
State solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point Decomposes around 50 °C Not Available
water solubility 1E+005 mg/L (at 25 °C) MERCK INDEX (1996)
pKa 6.3 Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 7.64e+02 g/l ALOGPS
logP -0.06 ALOGPS
logP 0.25 ChemAxon
logS 0.96 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest acidic) 6.05 ChemAxon
physiological charge -1 ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count 3 ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count 1 ChemAxon
polar surface area 60.36 ChemAxon
rotatable bond count 0 ChemAxon
refractivity 20.34 ChemAxon
polarizability 3.86 ChemAxon
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference Not Available
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Drug D01203 Link_out
KEGG Compound C12603 Link_out
PubChem Compound 516892 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46507049 Link_out
ChemSpider 8609 Link_out
ChEBI 32139 Link_out
ChEMBL 32139 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP000128 Link_out
PharmGKB PA451375 Link_out
Drug Product Database 2280884 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/sodbic.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/sodium-bicarbonate.html Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate Link_out
ATC Codes
  • B05XA02
  • B05CB04
AHFS Codes Not Available
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label Not Available
MSDS show (74 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Atazanavir This gastric pH modifier decreases the levels/effect of atazanavir
Benzphetamine Alkalinizing agents such as sodium bicarbonate may decrease the excretion of amphetamines like benzphetamine. Increased clinical effects and/or toxicity may occur. Therapy modification should be considered.
Eltrombopag Levels of eltrombopag are decreased due to GI inhibition. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Lithium The urine alkalizer decreases the effect of lithium
Memantine Possible increased levels of memantine
Methenamine mandelate Urine alkalizer decreases the effect of methenamine
Quinidine The antacid increases the effect of quinidine
Ticlopidine Sodium bicarbonate may decrease Ticlopidine levels. Administer agents 1 to 2 hours apart.
Tipranavir Sodium bicarbonate may decrease the absorption of Tipranavir. Separate administration of the agents and monitor for decreased efficacy of Tipranavir.
Trandolapril Sodium bicarbonate may decrease the absorption of Trandolapril. Administration should be spaced.
Food Interactions Not Available
Targets

1. Hydrogen ions

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: neutralizer

References:
  1. Nudel DB, Peterson BJ, Buckley BJ, Kaplan NA, Weinhaouse E, Gootman N: Comparative effects of bicarbonate and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with hypoxic lactic acidosis. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1990;15(2):86-93. Pubmed
  2. Roderick P, Willis NS, Blakeley S, Jones C, Tomson C: Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan 24;(1):CD001890. Pubmed
  3. Balali-Mood M, Balali-Mood K: Neurotoxic disorders of organophosphorus compounds and their managements. Arch Iran Med. 2008 Jan;11(1):65-89. Pubmed
  4. Vaughan-Jones RD, Spitzer KW: Role of bicarbonate in the regulation of intracellular pH in the mammalian ventricular myocyte. Biochem Cell Biol. 2002;80(5):579-96. Pubmed
  5. Levraut J, Giunti C, Ciebiera JP, de Sousa G, Ramhani R, Payan P, Grimaud D: Initial effect of sodium bicarbonate on intracellular pH depends on the extracellular nonbicarbonate buffering capacity. Crit Care Med. 2001 May;29(5):1033-9. Pubmed
Transporters

1. Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1

Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q9Y6R1 Link_out
Gene: SLC4A4
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
  2. Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
  3. Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
  4. Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed

2. Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 3

Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q9Y6M7 Link_out
Gene: SLC4A7
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
  2. Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
  3. Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
  4. Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed

3. Electroneutral sodium bicarbonate exchanger 1

Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q2Y0W8 Link_out
Gene: SLC4A8
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
  2. Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
  3. Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
  4. Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed

4. Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 4

Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q9BY07 Link_out
Gene: SLC4A5
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
  2. Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
  3. Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
  4. Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed

5. Sodium-driven chloride bicarbonate exchanger

Actions: substrate
UniProt ID: Q6U841 Link_out
Gene: SLC4A10
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Bernardo AA, Bernardo CM, Espiritu DJ, Arruda JA: The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter: structure, function, and regulation. Semin Nephrol. 2006 Sep;26(5):352-60. Pubmed
  2. Kurtz I, Petrasek D, Tatishchev S: Molecular mechanisms of electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransport: structural and equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. J Membr Biol. 2004 Jan 15;197(2):77-90. Pubmed
  3. Soleimani M: Functional and molecular properties of Na+:HCO-3 cotransporters (NBC). Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2003 Jun;55(2):131-40. Pubmed
  4. Soleimani M: Na+:HCO3- cotransporters (NBC): expression and regulation in the kidney. J Nephrol. 2002 Mar-Apr;15 Suppl 5:S32-40. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on July 08, 2007 10:59 / Updated on February 08, 2013 16:20