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Identification
Name Coagulation Factor IX
Accession Number DB00100 (BIOD00038, BTD00038)
Type biotech
Groups approved
Description

Human Factor IX protein, produced by recombinant DNA technology for use in therapy of factor IX deficiency, known as hemophilia B or Christmas disease. Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant) is a glycoprotein with an approximate molecular mass of 55,000 Da consisting of 415 amino acids in a single chain. It has a primary amino acid sequence that is identical to the Ala 148 allelic form of plasma-derived factor IX.
Protein structure Db00100
Display: 3D Structure
Protein chemical formula C2041H3136N558O641S25
Protein average weight 46548.2000
Sequences 
>DB00100 sequence
YNSGKLEEFVQGNLERECMEEKCSFEEAREVFENTERTTEFWKQYVDGDQCESNPCLNGG
SCKDDINSYECWCPFGFEGKNCELDVTCNIKNGRCEQFCKNSADNKVVCSCTEGYRLAEN
QKSCEPAVPFPCGRVSVSQTSKLTRAEAVFPDVDYVNSTEAETILDNITQSTQSFNDFTR
VVGGEDAKPGQFPWQVVLNGKVDAFCGGSIVNEKWIVTAAHCVETGVKITVVAGEHNIEE
TEHTEQKRNVIRIIPHHNYNAAINKYNHDIALLELDEPLVLNSYVTPICIADKEYTNIFL
KFGSGYVSGWGRVFHKGRSALVLQYLRVPLVDRATCLRSTKFTIYNNMFCAGFHEGGRDS
CQGDSGGPHVTEVEGTSFLTGIISWGEECAMKGKYGIYTKVSRYVNWIKEKTKLT

FASTA
Synonyms
Christmas factor
Coagulation factor IX precursor
Plasma thromboplastin component
PTC
Salts Not Available
Brand names
Name Company
Benefix (Genetics Institute)
Brand mixtures Not Available
Categories
  • Coagulants
  • Thrombotic Agents
CAS number 9001-28-9
Taxonomy
Kingdom Not Available
Classes Not Available
Substructures Not Available
Pharmacology
Indication For treatment of hemophilia (Christmas disease).
Pharmacodynamics Binds vitamin K and factor VIIIa. Cleaves the Arg-Ile bond in factor X to form active factor Xa. Plays a key role in blood coagulation and clotting. Injections of factor IX are used to treat hemophilia B, which is sometimes called Christmas disease. AlphaNine is injected to increase plasma levels of Factor IX and can temporarily correct this coagulation defect.
Mechanism of action Coagulation Factor IX is an important protein in the process of hemostasis and normal blood clotting. Factor IX is plays an important intermediate role in the blood coagulation cascade. It is located within the blood plasma as a zymogen, an antecedent to enzymatic function, in its inactivated state. Factor IX is dependent on the presence of Vitamin K, and is activated to a serine protease by the function of Coagulation Factor XIa. Factor XIa cleaves the peptide bond associated with protein activation in Factor IX, leaving Factor IX with two exposed chains, a light chain and a heavy chain. These two chains are held together by several disulfide bonds that reinforce the structure of Factor IX's activated form. After being activated, Factor IX forms a complex with calcium ions, membrane phospholipids and Coagulation Factor VIII to activate Coagulation Factor X. The activation of Factor X then performs a similarly integral step in the blood coagulation cascade. The ultimate result of phenotypically normal coagulation factors is the creation of platelets for normal blood clotting.
Absorption Not Available
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination Not Available
Half life 19.4 ± 5.4 hours (range from 11 to 36 hours)
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers Not Available
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Alphanine sd 250-1500 unit vial 1.42 USD vial
Mononine 1000 unit vial 1.2 USD vial
Mononine 500 unit vial 1.2 USD vial
Benefix 2000 unit vial 1.12 USD vial
Benefix 1000 unit vial 1.0 USD vial
Benefix 250 unit vial 1.0 USD vial
Benefix 500 unit vial 1.0 USD vial
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents Not Available
Properties
State liquid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point 54 °C Link, R.P., Castellino, F.J. Arch. Biochem. Biophsy. 227:259-265 (1983)
hydrophobicity -0.431 Not Available
isoelectric point 5.20 Not Available
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference
  1. BIGGS R, DOUGLAS AS, MACFARLANE RG, DACIE JV, PITNEY WR, MERSKEY: Christmas disease: a condition previously mistaken for haemophilia. Br Med J. 1952 Dec 27;2(4799):1378-82. Pubmed
  2. Kurachi K, Davie EW: Isolation and characterization of a cDNA coding for human factor IX. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(21):6461-4. Pubmed
External Links
Resource Link
UniProt P00740 Link_out
Genbank K02402 Link_out
PharmGKB PA164744952 Link_out
Drug Product Database 2228998 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/factorix.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/coagulation-factor-ix-injection-human.html Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_IX Link_out
ATC Codes
  • B02BD04
AHFS Codes Not Available
PDB Entries
FDA label Not Available
MSDS show (125 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Targets

1. Coagulation factor X

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: activator

Factor Xa is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that converts prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of factor Va, calcium and phospholipid during blood clotting

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P00742 Link_out
Gene: F10 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Worfolk LA, Robinson RA, Tracy PB: Factor Xa interacts with two sites on monocytes with different functional activities. Blood. 1992 Oct 15;80(8):1989-97. Pubmed
  2. Jones KC, Mann KG: A model for the tissue factor pathway to thrombin. II. A mathematical simulation. J Biol Chem. 1994 Sep 16;269(37):23367-73. Pubmed
  3. Ambrosini G, Plescia J, Chu KC, High KA, Altieri DC: Activation-dependent exposure of the inter-EGF sequence Leu83-Leu88 in factor Xa mediates ligand binding to effector cell protease receptor-1. J Biol Chem. 1997 Mar 28;272(13):8340-5. Pubmed
  4. London FS, Walsh PN: Zymogen factor IX potentiates factor IXa-catalyzed factor X activation. Biochemistry. 2000 Aug 15;39(32):9850-8. Pubmed
  5. Scandella DH: Properties of anti-factor VIII inhibitor antibodies in hemophilia A patients. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2000;26(2):137-42. Pubmed
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed
  7. Di Scipio RG, Kurachi K, Davie EW: Activation of human factor IX (Christmas factor). J Clin Invest. 1978 Jun;61(6):1528-38. Pubmed

2. Coagulation factor XI

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: ligand

Factor XI triggers the middle phase of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation by activating factor IX

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P03951 Link_out
Gene: F11 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Sun MF, Zhao M, Gailani D: Identification of amino acids in the factor XI apple 3 domain required for activation of factor IX. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 17;274(51):36373-8. Pubmed
  2. Gailani D, Ho D, Sun MF, Cheng Q, Walsh PN: Model for a factor IX activation complex on blood platelets: dimeric conformation of factor XIa is essential. Blood. 2001 May 15;97(10):3117-22. Pubmed
  3. Di Scipio RG, Kurachi K, Davie EW: Activation of human factor IX (Christmas factor). J Clin Invest. 1978 Jun;61(6):1528-38. Pubmed

3. Coagulation factor VII

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: ligand

Initiates the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Serine protease that circulates in the blood in a zymogen form. Factor VII is converted to factor VIIa by factor Xa, factor XIIa, factor IXa, or thrombin by minor proteolysis. In the presence of tissue factor and calcium ions, factor VIIa then converts factor X to factor Xa by limited proteolysis. Factor VIIa will also convert factor IX to factor IXa in the presence of tissue factor and calcium

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08709 Link_out
Gene: F7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Baker DC, Robbe SL, Jacobson L, Manco-Johnson MJ, Holler L, Lefkowitz J: Hereditary deficiency of vitamin-K-dependent coagulation factors in Rambouillet sheep. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1999 Mar;10(2):75-80. Pubmed
  2. Hertzberg MS, Facey SL, Hogg PJ: An Arg/Ser substitution in the second epidermal growth factor-like module of factor IX introduces an O-linked carbohydrate and markedly impairs activation by factor XIa and factor VIIa/Tissue factor and catalytic efficiency of factor IXa. Blood. 1999 Jul 1;94(1):156-63. Pubmed
  3. Butenas S, van’t Veer C, Mann KG: “Normal” thrombin generation. Blood. 1999 Oct 1;94(7):2169-78. Pubmed
  4. Celie PH, Lenting PJ, Mertens K: Hydrophobic contact between the two epidermal growth factor-like domains of blood coagulation factor IX contributes to enzymatic activity. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 7;275(1):229-34. Pubmed
  5. Shord SS, Lindley CM: Coagulation products and their uses. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2000 Aug 1;57(15):1403-17; quiz 1418-20. Pubmed
  6. Di Scipio RG, Kurachi K, Davie EW: Activation of human factor IX (Christmas factor). J Clin Invest. 1978 Jun;61(6):1528-38. Pubmed

4. Coagulation factor VIII

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: cofactor

Factor VIII, along with calcium and phospholipid, acts as a cofactor for factor IXa when it converts factor X to the activated form, factor Xa

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P00451 Link_out
Gene: F8 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Neels JG, Bovenschen N, van Zonneveld AJ, Lenting PJ: Interaction between factor VIII and LDL receptor-related protein. Modulation of coagulation? Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2000 Jan;10(1):8-14. Pubmed
  2. Carr ME Jr, Martin EJ, Kuhn JG, Seremetis SV: Effects of recombinant factor VIIa on platelet function and clot structure in blood with deficient prothrombin conversion. Thromb Haemost. 2003 May;89(5):803-11. Pubmed
  3. Federici AB: The factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex: basic and clinical issues. Haematologica. 2003 Jun;88(6):EREP02. Pubmed
  4. Kalashnikova LA, Berkovskii AL, Dobrynina LA, Sergeeva EV, Kozlov AA, Aleksandrova EN, Nasonov EL: [Clotting factor VIII in Sneddon syndrome] Klin Med (Mosk). 2003;81(9):42-5. Pubmed
  5. Johansen RF, Sorensen B, Ingerslev J: Acquired haemophilia: dynamic whole blood coagulation utilized to guide haemostatic therapy. Haemophilia. 2006 Mar;12(2):190-7. Pubmed
  6. Di Scipio RG, Kurachi K, Davie EW: Activation of human factor IX (Christmas factor). J Clin Invest. 1978 Jun;61(6):1528-38. Pubmed

5. Prothrombin

Pharmacological action: unknown

Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P00734 Link_out
Gene: F2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Butenas S, van’t Veer C, Mann KG: “Normal” thrombin generation. Blood. 1999 Oct 1;94(7):2169-78. Pubmed
  2. Kohler M: Thrombogenicity of prothrombin complex concentrates. Thromb Res. 1999 Aug 15;95(4 Suppl 1):S13-7. Pubmed
  3. Seitz R, Dodt J: Virus safety of prothrombin complex concentrates and factor IX concentrates. Thromb Res. 1999 Aug 15;95(4 Suppl 1):S19-23. Pubmed
  4. Samis JA, Ramsey GD, Walker JB, Nesheim ME, Giles AR: Proteolytic processing of human coagulation factor IX by plasmin. Blood. 2000 Feb 1;95(3):943-51. Pubmed
  5. Bauer KA, Humphries S, Smillie B, Li L, Cooper JA, Barzegar S, Rosenberg RD, Miller GJ: Prothrombin activation is increased among asymptomatic carriers of the prothrombin G20210A and factor V Arg506Gln mutations. Thromb Haemost. 2000 Sep;84(3):396-400. Pubmed

6. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1

Pharmacological action: unknown

Required for early embryonic development. Involved in the plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants and activated alpha 2-macroglobulin, as well as the local metabolism of complexes between plasminogen activators and their endogenous inhibitors. May modulate APP metabolism, kinase-dependent intracellular signaling, neuronal calcium signaling as well as neurotransmission

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q07954 Link_out
Gene: LRP1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
  3. Rohlena J, Kolkman JA, Boertjes RC, Mertens K, Lenting PJ: Residues Phe342-Asn346 of activated coagulation factor IX contribute to the interaction with low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 14;278(11):9394-401. Epub 2003 Jan 9. Pubmed

7. Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Mediates the vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of glutamate residues to calcium binding gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla) residues with the concomitant convertion of the reduced hydroquinone form of vitamin K to vitamin K epoxide

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P38435 Link_out
Gene: GGCX Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Lin PJ, Straight DL, Stafford DW: Binding of the factor IX gamma-carboxyglutamic acid domain to the vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase active site induces an allosteric effect that may ensure processive carboxylation and regulate the release of carboxylated product. J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 20;279(8):6560-6. Epub 2003 Dec 2. Pubmed
  2. Wu SM, Mutucumarana VP, Geromanos S, Stafford DW: The propeptide binding site of the bovine gamma-glutamyl carboxylase. J Biol Chem. 1997 May 2;272(18):11718-22. Pubmed
  3. Rehemtulla A, Roth DA, Wasley LC, Kuliopulos A, Walsh CT, Furie B, Furie BC, Kaufman RJ: In vitro and in vivo functional characterization of bovine vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 15;90(10):4611-5. Pubmed
  4. Stanley TB, Wu SM, Houben RJ, Mutucumarana VP, Stafford DW: Role of the propeptide and gamma-glutamic acid domain of factor IX for in vitro carboxylation by the vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. Biochemistry. 1998 Sep 22;37(38):13262-8. Pubmed
  5. Stanley TB, Stafford DW, Olivera BM, Bandyopadhyay PK: Identification of a vitamin K-dependent carboxylase in the venom duct of a Conus snail. FEBS Lett. 1997 Apr 21;407(1):85-8. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 19, 2011 08:30