Promazine

Identification

Summary

Promazine is a phenothiazine used to manage schizophrenia.

Generic Name
Promazine
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00420
Background

A phenothiazine with actions similar to chlorpromazine but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic. It is currently not approved for use in the United States.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 284.419
Monoisotopic: 284.13471934
Chemical Formula
C17H20N2S
Synonyms
  • 10-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)phenothiazine
  • N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine
  • N-Dimethylamino-1-methylethyl thiodiphenylamine
  • N,N-dimethyl-3-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)-propan-1-amine
  • Promazin
  • Promazina
  • Promazine
  • Promazinum
External IDs
  • A 145
  • RP 3276
  • Wy 1094

Pharmacology

Indication

Used as an adjunct for short term treatment of moderate and severe psychomotor agitation. Also used to treat agitation or restlessness in the elderly.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofPsychomotor agitation•••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••• • •••••
Treatment ofPsychosis•••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••• • •••••
Treatment ofSchizophrenia•••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••• • •••••
Treatment ofViolent aggressive behavior•••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••• • •••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Promazine belongs to a group of medications known as the phenothiazine antipsychotics. It acts by blocking a variety of receptors in the brain, particularly dopamine receptors. Dopamine is involved in transmitting signals between brain cells. When there is an excess amount of dopamine in the brain it causes over-stimulation of dopamine receptors. These receptors normally act to modify behaviour and over-stimulation may result in psychotic illness. Promazine hydrochloride blocks these receptors and stops them becoming over-stimulated, thereby helping to control psychotic illness. Promazine has weak extrapyramidal and autonomic side effects which lead to its use in the elderly, for restless or psychotic patients. Its anti-psychotic effect is also weaker and it is not useful in general psychiatry.

Mechanism of action

Promazine is an antagonist at types 1, 2, and 4 dopamine receptors, 5-HT receptor types 2A and 2C, muscarinic receptors 1 through 5, alpha(1)-receptors, and histamine H1-receptors. Promazine's antipsychotic effect is due to antagonism at dopamine and serotonin type 2 receptors, with greater activity at serotonin 5-HT2 receptors than at dopamine type-2 receptors. This may explain the lack of extrapyramidal effects. Promazine does not appear to block dopamine within the tubero-infundibular tract, explaining the lower incidence of hyperprolactinemia than with typical antipsychotic agents or risperidone. Antagonism at muscarinic receptors, H1-receptors, and alpha(1)-receptors also occurs with promazine.

TargetActionsOrganism
ADopamine D2 receptor
antagonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
antagonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
antagonist
Humans
UAlpha-1A adrenergic receptor
antagonist
Humans
UMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
antagonist
Humans
UHistamine H1 receptor
antagonist
Humans
Absorption

Absorption may be erratic and peak plasma concentrations show large interindividual differences.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

94%

Metabolism

Hepatic, primarily to N-desmethylpromazine and promazine sulfoxide.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Side effects include: extrapyramidal symptoms, drowsiness, weight gain, dry mouth, constipation, endocrine effects (such as gynaecomastia and menstrual disturbance), sensitivity to sunlight and haemolytic anaemia.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
1,2-BenzodiazepineThe risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Promazine is combined with 1,2-Benzodiazepine.
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Promazine can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbataceptThe metabolism of Promazine can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
AbirateroneThe serum concentration of Promazine can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone.
AbrocitinibThe metabolism of Abrocitinib can be decreased when combined with Promazine.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol. Additive CNS depression may occur if alcohol is consumed.
  • Avoid antacids. The absorption of promazine may be reduced by antacid use.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Promazine hydrochlorideU16EOR79U453-60-1JIVSXRLRGOICGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International/Other Brands
Combelen / Prazine (Pliva) / Sparine / Talofen (Abbott)
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Promazine HCl Inj 50mg/mlLiquid50 mg / mLIntramuscular; IntravenousAbbott1981-12-312008-06-06Canada flag

Categories

ATC Codes
N05AA03 — Promazine
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenothiazines. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a phenothiazine moiety, which is a linear tricyclic system that consists of a two benzene rings joined by a para-thiazine ring.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Benzothiazines
Sub Class
Phenothiazines
Direct Parent
Phenothiazines
Alternative Parents
Alkyldiarylamines / Diarylthioethers / Benzenoids / 1,4-thiazines / Trialkylamines / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Alkyldiarylamine / Amine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl thioether / Azacycle / Benzenoid / Diarylthioether / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic nitrogen compound / Organonitrogen compound
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
phenothiazines, tertiary amine (CHEBI:8459)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
O9M39HTM5W
CAS number
58-40-2
InChI Key
ZGUGWUXLJSTTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C17H20N2S/c1-18(2)12-7-13-19-14-8-3-5-10-16(14)20-17-11-6-4-9-15(17)19/h3-6,8-11H,7,12-13H2,1-2H3
IUPAC Name
dimethyl[3-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl]amine
SMILES
CN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C12

References

Synthesis Reference
US2519886
General References
  1. Cubala WJ, Jakuszkowiak-Wojten K, Burkiewicz A, Wronska A: Promazine in the treatment of delusional parasitosis. Psychiatr Danub. 2011 Jun;23(2):198-9. [Article]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014564
KEGG Drug
D08430
KEGG Compound
C07379
PubChem Compound
4926
PubChem Substance
46504504
ChemSpider
4757
BindingDB
67545
RxNav
8742
ChEBI
8459
ChEMBL
CHEMBL564
ZINC
ZINC000000010402
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000430
PharmGKB
PA451126
PDBe Ligand
P2Z
Wikipedia
Promazine
PDB Entries
4ma7 / 7lgi
MSDS
Download (75.4 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Wyeth ayerst laboratories
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia critical care
  • Apothecon sub bristol myers squibb co
  • Apothecon inc div bristol myers squibb
  • Bristol myers squibb co
Packagers
  • Baxter International Inc.
  • Liberty Pharmaceuticals
  • Prescript Pharmaceuticals
  • Primedics Laboratories
  • Sandoz
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Solution / dropsOral
LiquidIntramuscular; Intravenous50 mg / mL
Injection, solution25 MG/ML
Solution / dropsOral40 mg/ml
Tablet25 MG
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Chlorpromazine 25 mg/ml amp8.04USD ml
Chlorpromazine 200 mg tablet1.05USD tablet
Chlorpromazine Hcl 25 mg/ml0.88USD ml
Chlorpromazine 100 mg tablet0.39USD tablet
Novo-Chlorpromazine 100 mg Tablet0.35USD tablet
Chlorpromazine 10 mg tablet0.32USD tablet
Chlorpromazine 50 mg tablet0.3USD tablet
Novo-Chlorpromazine 50 mg Tablet0.21USD tablet
Novo-Chlorpromazine 25 mg Tablet0.18USD tablet
Chlorpromazine 25 mg tablet0.17USD tablet
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Liquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)< 25 °CPhysProp
boiling point (°C)203-210 °C at 3.00E-01 mm HgPhysProp
water solubility14.2 mg/L (at 24 °C)YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP4.55HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
logS-4.3ADME Research, USCD
pKa9.36SANGSTER (1994)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0207 mg/mLALOGPS
logP4.63ALOGPS
logP3.93Chemaxon
logS-4.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.2Chemaxon
Physiological Charge1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area6.48 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count4Chemaxon
Refractivity88.95 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability32.74 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings3Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9718
Blood Brain Barrier+0.987
Caco-2 permeable+0.8813
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.7933
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IInhibitor0.6857
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IIInhibitor0.6352
Renal organic cation transporterInhibitor0.7561
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7526
CYP450 2D6 substrateSubstrate0.9334
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.5578
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.8935
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9483
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorInhibitor0.9622
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.798
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9166
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.6784
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9176
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9545
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9921
Rat acute toxicity2.9416 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9662
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Inhibitor0.7828
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Download (9.05 KB)
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0bt9-9380000000-4268602a9238fb15661c
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-0a4r-9230000000-62cbfd979fa705bc6b5e
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-053i-9470000000-c8ea76fcc1b124b82db0
GC-MS Spectrum - CI-BGC-MSsplash10-000i-2090000000-c38077fbc5880feb7eab
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-0a4i-9430000000-708a7cbef8d61ce76846
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000l-0090000000-96028918d93469fe9011
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0090000000-a3f3e9d564283fb825b5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9030000000-d77dc002660bb32d45fc
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0190000000-28b441ffc2cc0699bdf2
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0zfr-9060000000-043dcf102cae05b7d082
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0930000000-81a030ace073f8e55335
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-177.2699147
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-177.4233147
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-156.12703
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+177.5065147
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+179.2467147
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+158.48503
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+177.7167147
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+177.8213147
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+164.57817
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Potassium channel regulator activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name
DRD2
Uniprot ID
P14416
Uniprot Name
D(2) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
50618.91 Da
References
  1. Strange PG: Antipsychotic drug action: antagonism, inverse agonism or partial agonism. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Jun;29(6):314-21. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2008.03.009. Epub 2008 May 28. [Article]
  2. Kim DH, Maneen MJ, Stahl SM: Building a better antipsychotic: receptor targets for the treatment of multiple symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Jan;6(1):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.020. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Virus receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodop...
Gene Name
HTR2A
Uniprot ID
P28223
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
Molecular Weight
52602.58 Da
References
  1. Govitrapong P, Chagkutip J, Turakitwanakan W, Srikiatkhachorn A: Platelet 5-HT(2A) receptors in schizophrenic patients with and without neuroleptic treatment. Psychiatry Res. 2000 Sep 25;96(1):41-50. [Article]
  2. Govitrapong P, Mukda S, Turakitwanakan W, Dumrongphol H, Chindaduangratn C, Sanvarinda Y: Platelet serotonin transporter in schizophrenic patients with and without neuroleptic treatment. Neurochem Int. 2002 Oct;41(4):209-16. [Article]
  3. Kim DH, Maneen MJ, Stahl SM: Building a better antipsychotic: receptor targets for the treatment of multiple symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Jan;6(1):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.020. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including ergot alkaloid derivatives, 1-2,5,-dimethoxy-4-...
Gene Name
HTR2C
Uniprot ID
P28335
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
Molecular Weight
51820.705 Da
References
  1. Kim DH, Maneen MJ, Stahl SM: Building a better antipsychotic: receptor targets for the treatment of multiple symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Jan;6(1):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.020. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Protein heterodimerization activity
Specific Function
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
Gene Name
ADRA1A
Uniprot ID
P35348
Uniprot Name
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
51486.005 Da
References
  1. Kim DH, Maneen MJ, Stahl SM: Building a better antipsychotic: receptor targets for the treatment of multiple symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Jan;6(1):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.020. [Article]
  2. Leung JY, Barr AM, Procyshyn RM, Honer WG, Pang CC: Cardiovascular side-effects of antipsychotic drugs: the role of the autonomic nervous system. Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Aug;135(2):113-22. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.04.003. Epub 2012 Apr 27. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
Specific Function
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the...
Gene Name
CHRM1
Uniprot ID
P11229
Uniprot Name
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
Molecular Weight
51420.375 Da
References
  1. Kim DH, Maneen MJ, Stahl SM: Building a better antipsychotic: receptor targets for the treatment of multiple symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Jan;6(1):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.020. [Article]
Details
6. Histamine H1 receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Histamine receptor activity
Specific Function
In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamin...
Gene Name
HRH1
Uniprot ID
P35367
Uniprot Name
Histamine H1 receptor
Molecular Weight
55783.61 Da
References
  1. Hals PA, Hall H, Dahl SG: Muscarinic cholinergic and histamine H1 receptor binding of phenothiazine drug metabolites. Life Sci. 1988;43(5):405-12. [Article]
  2. Kim DH, Maneen MJ, Stahl SM: Building a better antipsychotic: receptor targets for the treatment of multiple symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Jan;6(1):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.020. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
Curator comments
This enzyme action is supported by limited in vitro studies.
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID
P05177
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight
58293.76 Da
References
  1. Wojcikowski J, Boksa J, Daniel WA: Main contribution of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 1A2 (CYP1A2) to N-demethylation and 5-sulfoxidation of the phenothiazine neuroleptic chlorpromazine in human liver--A comparison with other phenothiazines. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Oct 15;80(8):1252-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.06.045. Epub 2010 Jul 6. [Article]
  2. Daniel WA, Kot M, Wojcikowski J: Influence of classic and atypical neuroleptics on caffeine oxidation in rat liver microsomes. Pol J Pharmacol. 2003 Nov-Dec;55(6):1055-61. [Article]
  3. Wojcikowski J, Pichard-Garcia L, Maurel P, Daniel WA: Contribution of human cytochrome p-450 isoforms to the metabolism of the simplest phenothiazine neuroleptic promazine. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(8):1465-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705195. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Wojcikowski J, Pichard-Garcia L, Maurel P, Daniel WA: Contribution of human cytochrome p-450 isoforms to the metabolism of the simplest phenothiazine neuroleptic promazine. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(8):1465-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705195. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID
P11712
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C9
Molecular Weight
55627.365 Da
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
  2. Wojcikowski J, Pichard-Garcia L, Maurel P, Daniel WA: Contribution of human cytochrome p-450 isoforms to the metabolism of the simplest phenothiazine neuroleptic promazine. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(8):1465-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705195. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
Gene Name
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID
P10635
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2D6
Molecular Weight
55768.94 Da
References
  1. Wojcikowski J, Pichard-Garcia L, Maurel P, Daniel WA: Contribution of human cytochrome p-450 isoforms to the metabolism of the simplest phenothiazine neuroleptic promazine. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(8):1465-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705195. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
Gene Name
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID
P33261
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C19
Molecular Weight
55930.545 Da
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
  2. Wojcikowski J, Pichard-Garcia L, Maurel P, Daniel WA: Contribution of human cytochrome p-450 isoforms to the metabolism of the simplest phenothiazine neuroleptic promazine. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(8):1465-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705195. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 03, 2024 02:25