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Identification
Name Prednisolone
Accession Number DB00860 (APRD00197)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states. [PubChem]

Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
  • Deltahydrocortisone
  • Methylprednisolone Acetate
  • PRDL
  • Predisolone Sodium Phosphate
  • Prednisolona [INN-Spanish]
  • Prednisolone Acetate
  • Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate
  • Prednisolone Tebutate
  • Prednisolonum [INN-Latin]
Brand names
  • Ak-Pred
  • Ak-Tate
  • Alphadrol
  • Articulose-50
  • Co-Hydeltra
  • Codelcortone
  • Cordrol
  • Cortalone
  • Cotogesic
  • Cotolone
  • Decaprednil
  • Decortin H
  • Delcortol
  • Delta F
  • Delta-Cortef
  • Delta-Stab
  • Deltacortenol
  • Deltacortril
  • Deltacortril Enteric
  • Deltasolone
  • Deltisilone
  • Depo-Medrol
  • Derpo Pd
  • Dexa-Cortidelt Hostacortin H
  • Di-Adreson F
  • Dicortol
  • Donisolone
  • Dydeltrone
  • Eazolin D
  • Econopred
  • Econopred Plus
  • Erbacort
  • Erbasona
  • Estilsona
  • Fernisolone
  • Fernisolone P
  • Fernisolone-P
  • Flamasone
  • Hostacortin H
  • Hydeltra
  • Hydeltra-Tba
  • Hydeltrasol
  • Hydeltrone
  • Hydrodeltalone
  • Hydrodeltisone
  • Hydroretrocortin
  • Hydroretrocortine
  • I-Pred
  • Inflamase Forte
  • Inflamase Mild
  • Key-Pred
  • Klismacort
  • Lentosone
  • Lite Pred
  • M-Predrol
  • Medrol
  • Medrol Acetate
  • Metacortandralone
  • Meti-Derm
  • Meticortelone
  • Metreton
  • Nisolone
  • Nor-Pred T.B.A.
  • Ocu-Pred
  • Ocu-Pred Forte
  • Ophtho-Tate
  • Orapred
  • Panafcortelone
  • Paracortol
  • Paracotol
  • Pediapred
  • Precortalon
  • Precortancyl
  • Precortilon
  • Precortisyl
  • Pred Forte
  • Pred Mild
  • Predair
  • Predair A
  • Predair Forte
  • Predalone 50
  • Predalone T.B.A.
  • Predate Tba
  • Predate-50
  • Predcor-25
  • Predcor-50
  • Predcor-Tba
  • Predne-Dome
  • Prednelan
  • Predni-Dome
  • Prednicen
  • Predniliderm
  • Predniretard
  • Prednis
  • Predonin
  • Predonine
  • Prelone
  • Prenolone
  • Rolisone
  • Scherisolon
  • Solone
  • Steran
  • Sterane
  • Sterolone
  • Supercortisol
  • Ulacort
  • Ultra Pred
  • Ultracorten H
  • Ultracortene H
  • Ultracortene-H
  • Ultracortene-Hydrogen
Brand name mixtures
  • Ak Cide Oph Soln (Prednisolone Acetate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
  • Blephamide Oph Ont (Prednisolone Acetate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
  • Blephamide Opht Suspension (Prednisolone Acetate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
  • Canaural (Diethanolamine Fusidate + Framycetin Sulfate + Nystatin + Prednisolone)
  • Chlorasone (Chloramphenicol + Prednisolone Acetate)
  • Delta-Albaplex Tablets (Novobiocin (Novobiocin Sodium) + Prednisolone + Tetracycline Hydrochloride)
  • Dioptimyd Ointment (Prednisolone Acetate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
  • Dioptimyd Suspension (Prednisolone Acetate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
  • Liquichlor (Chloramphenicol + Prednisolone + Squalane + Tetracaine)
  • Metimyd Oph Sus (Prednisolone Acetate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
  • Optisone (Neomycin + Prednisolone)
  • Pred C Tab (Aluminum Hydroxide + Prednisolone + Salicylamide + Vitamin C)
  • Prednisize Solution (Camphor + Chlorophenol + Cresyl Acetate + Prednisolone)
  • Quiex-Pred Sus (Aminophylline + Guaifenesin + Prednisolone)
  • Surolan Drops (Miconazole Nitrate + Polymyxin B Sulfate + Prednisolone Acetate)
  • Vanectyl-P Tablets (Prednisolone + Trimeprazine Tartrate)
  • Vasocidin Ophthalmic Solution (Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate + Sulfacetamide Sodium)
Categories
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Anti-inflammatory Agents
  • Adrenergic Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
  • Glucocorticoids
CAS number 50-24-8
Weight Average: 360.444
Monoisotopic: 360.193674006
Chemical Formula C21H28O5
InChI Key InChIKey=OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C21H28O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-16,18,22,24,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
(1S,2R,10S,11S,14R,15S,17S)-14,17-dihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadeca-3,6-dien-5-one
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Steroids and Steroid Derivatives
Substructures
  • Steroids and Steroid Derivatives
  • Hydroxy Compounds
  • Alkanes and Alkenes
  • Alcohols and Polyols
  • Ketones
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, thyroiditis. Also used to treat psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, bursitis, acute gouty arthritis and epicondylitis. Also indicated for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, pemphigus and acute rhematic carditis. Can be used in the treatment of leukemias, lymphomas, thrombocytopenia purpura and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Can be used to treat celiac disease, insulin resistance, ulcerative colitis and liver disorders.
Pharmacodynamics Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used as antiinflammatory or immunosuppressive agent. Prednisolone is indicated in the treatment of various conditions, including congenital adrenal hyperplasia, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic corneal marginal ulcers, symptomatic sarcoidosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults, leukemias and lymphomas in adults, and ulcerative colitis. Glucocorticoids are adrenocortical steroids and cause profound and varied metabolic effects. In addition, they modify the body's immune responses to diverse stimuli.
Mechanism of action Glucocorticoids such as Prednisolone can inhibit leukocyte infiltration at the site of inflammation, interfere with mediators of inflammatory response, and suppress humoral immune responses. The antiinflammatory actions of glucocorticoids are thought to involve phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, lipocortins, which control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Prednisolone reduces inflammatory reaction by limiting the capillary dilatation and permeability of the vascular structures. These compounds restrict the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages and reduce the release of vasoactive kinins. Recent research suggests that corticosteroids may inhibit the release of arachidonic acid from phospholipids, thereby reducing the formation of prostaglandins. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. On binding, the corticoreceptor-ligand complex translocates itself into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in the promoter region of the target genes. The DNA bound receptor then interacts with basic transcription factors, causing an increase or decrease in expression of specific target genes, including suppression of IL2 (interleukin 2) expression.
Absorption Readily absorbed by gastrointestinal tract, peak plasma concentration is reached 1-2 hours after administration.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding Very high (>90%)
Metabolism

Excreted in the urine as either free or glucoconjugate.

Route of elimination Not Available
Half life 2-3 hours
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity LD50=500 mg/kg (oral, rat), short-term side effects include high blood glucose levels and fluid retention. Long term side effects include Cushing's syndrome, weight gain, osteoporosis, glaucoma, type II diabetes and adrenal suppression.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways
Pathway Name SMPDB ID
Smp00440 Prednisone Pathway SMP00440
Smp00441 Prednisolone Pathway SMP00441
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Pharmacia and upjohn co
  • Akorn inc
  • Sandoz canada inc
  • Teva parenteral medicines inc
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Bel mar laboratories inc
  • Schering corp sub schering plough corp
  • Alpharma uspd inc
  • Apotex inc richmond hill
  • Hi tech pharmacal co inc
  • Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
  • Kv pharmaceutical co
  • Pharmaceutical assoc inc div beach products
  • Teva pharmaceuticals usa
  • Vintage pharmaceuticals llc
  • We pharmaceuticals inc
  • Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
  • Muro pharmaceutical inc
  • Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
  • Halsey drug co inc
  • Ferndale laboratories inc
  • Barr laboratories inc
  • Cm bundy co
  • Elkins sinn div ah robins co inc
  • Everylife
  • John j ferrante
  • Heather drug co inc
  • Impax laboratories inc
  • Inwood laboratories inc sub forest laboratories inc
  • Lannett co inc
  • Marshall pharmacal corp
  • Panray corp sub ormont drug and chemical co inc
  • L perrigo co
  • Phoenix laboratories inc
  • Purepac pharmaceutical co
  • Private formulations inc
  • Roxane laboratories inc
  • Sandoz inc
  • Sperti drug products inc
  • Superpharm corp
  • Tablicaps inc
  • Udl laboratories inc
  • Valeant pharmaceuticals international
  • Vitarine pharmaceuticals inc
  • West ward pharmaceutical corp
  • Whiteworth towne paulsen inc
  • Pfizer laboratories div pfizer inc
  • Central pharmaceuticals inc
  • Alcon laboratories inc
  • Allergan pharmaceutical
  • Taro pharmaceuticals usa inc
  • Merck and co inc
  • Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
  • Pharmafair inc
  • Alcon universal ltd
  • Bausch and lomb pharmaceuticals inc
  • Sola barnes hind
  • Shionogi pharma inc
  • Ucb inc
  • Amneal pharmaceuticals
  • Paddock laboratories inc
  • Pharmaceutical assoc inc
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Liquid Oral
Solution Oral
Solution / drops Ophthalmic
Suspension Ophthalmic
Tablet Oral
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Orapred ODT 48 15 mg Dispersible Tablet Box 289.42 USD box
Pred Forte 1% Suspension 15ml Bottle 97.79 USD bottle
PrednisoLONE Sodium Phosphate 1% Solution 10ml Bottle 72.82 USD bottle
Pred Forte 1% Suspension 10ml Bottle 68.06 USD bottle
Econopred Plus 1% Suspension 10ml Bottle 63.44 USD bottle
Solu-Medrol Act-O-Vial 1 g/vial 61.25 USD vial
Solu-Medrol 1 g/vial 60.04 USD vial
Pediapred 6.7 mg/5ml Solution 120ml Bottle 57.77 USD bottle
Pred Mild 0.12% Suspension 10ml Bottle 44.33 USD bottle
Econopred Plus 1% Suspension 5ml Bottle 40.99 USD bottle
Solu-Medrol Act-O-Vial 500 mg/vial 39.96 USD vial
Medrol (Pak) 21 4 mg tablet Disp Pack 39.3 USD disp
Solu-Medrol 500 mg/vial 39.17 USD vial
Pred Forte 1% Suspension 5ml Bottle 37.12 USD bottle
Prednisolone sod ph powder 36.11 USD g
PrednisoLONE Acetate 1% Suspension 15ml Bottle 35.46 USD bottle
PrednisoLONE Sodium Phosphate 1% Solution 15ml Bottle 34.41 USD bottle
Pred Mild 0.12% Suspension 5ml Bottle 33.98 USD bottle
Methylprednisolone Sod Succin. 1 g/vial 32.47 USD vial
Solu-medrol 1 gm vial 24.43 USD vial
PrednisoLONE Acetate 1% Suspension 10ml Bottle 24.02 USD bottle
Solu-medrol (pf) 500 mg vial 20.9 USD vial
PrednisoLONE Sodium Phosphate 1% Solution 5ml Bottle 19.99 USD bottle
Methylprednisolone Sod Succin. 500 mg/vial 19.48 USD vial
PrednisoLONE Acetate 1% Suspension 5ml Bottle 15.99 USD bottle
Solu-Medrol Act-O-Vial 125 mg/vial 15.94 USD vial
Solu-medrol 500 mg vial 12.9 USD vial
Depo-medrol 80 mg/ml vial 11.67 USD ml
Depo-Medrol 80 mg/ml 11.51 USD ml
Pred forte 1% eye drops 10.32 USD ml
Methylprednisolone Acetate 80 mg/ml 9.01 USD ml
Methylprednisolone Sod Succin. 125 mg/vial 8.9 USD vial
Depo-Medrol (Preserved) 80 mg/ml 8.89 USD ml
Orapred odt 30 mg tablet 8.34 USD tablet
Orapred odt 15 mg tablet 7.97 USD tablet
Methylprednisolone Acetate (P) 80 mg/ml 6.97 USD ml
Omnipred 1% eye drops 6.78 USD ml
Solu-Medrol Act-O-Vial 40 mg/vial 6.72 USD vial
Depo-medrol 40 mg/ml vial 6.41 USD ml
Depo-Medrol 40 mg/ml 6.01 USD ml
Pred Forte 1 % Suspension 5.95 USD ml
Solu-medrol (pf) 125 mg vial 5.83 USD vial
Depo-Medrol (Preserved) 40 mg/ml 5.75 USD ml
Prednisolone ac 1% eye drop 5.75 USD ml
Prednisol 1% eye drops 5.69 USD ml
Pred mild 0.12% eye drops 5.14 USD ml
Medrol 32 mg tablet 5.13 USD tablet
Methylprednisolone Acetate 40 mg/ml 4.71 USD ml
Methylprednisolone Acetate (P) 40 mg/ml 4.5 USD ml
Econopred plus 1% eye drops 3.93 USD ml
Orapred odt 10 mg tablet 3.89 USD tablet
Depo-medrol 20 mg/ml vial 3.78 USD ml
Methylprednisolone Sod Succin. 40 mg/vial 3.77 USD vial
Prednisolone sod 1% eye drops 3.7 USD ml
Medrol 16 mg tablet 3.5 USD tablet
Prednisolone acetate powder 3.36 USD g
Prednisolone powder 3.36 USD g
Depo-Medrol 20 mg/ml 2.63 USD ml
Medrol 8 mg tablet 2.3 USD tablet
Ratio-Prednisolone 1 % Suspension 2.03 USD ml
Sandoz Prednisolone Acetate 1 % Suspension 2.03 USD ml
Pred Mild 0.12 % Suspension 2.02 USD ml
Medrol 4 mg tablet 1.69 USD tablet
Medrol 4 mg dosepak 1.59 USD each
Sandoz Prednisolone Acetate 0.12 % Suspension 1.33 USD ml
Millipred dp 5 mg dose pack tablet 1.18 USD tablet
Medrol 2 mg tablet 0.84 USD tablet
Orapred 15 mg/5 ml solution 0.74 USD ml
Millipred 5 mg tablet 0.59 USD tablet
Prelone 15 mg/5 ml syrup 0.54 USD ml
Prelone 15 mg/5ml Syrup 0.47 USD ml
PrednisoLONE Sodium Phosphate 15 mg/5ml Solution 0.33 USD ml
PrednisoLONE Sodium Phosphate 5 mg/5ml Solution 0.23 USD ml
Prednisolone 5 mg tablet 0.14 USD tablet
Pediapred 1 mg/ml Liquid 0.14 USD ml
Pms-Prednisolone 1 mg/ml Liquid 0.07 USD ml
Patents
Country Patent Number Approved Expires
United States 6740341 1999-11-24 2019-11-24
United States 5178878 1993-01-12 2010-01-12
Properties
State solid
Melting point 235 oC
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 223 mg/L PhysProp
logP 1 PhysProp
logS -3.21 [ADME Research, USCD] PhysProp
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 2.39e-01 g/l ALOGPS
logP 1.66 ALOGPS
logP 1.27 ChemAxon Molconvert
logS -3.18 ALOGPS
pKa 13.86 ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen acceptor count 5 ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen donor count 3 ChemAxon Molconvert
polar surface area 94.83 ChemAxon Molconvert
rotatable bond count 2 ChemAxon Molconvert
refractivity 98.49 ChemAxon Molconvert
polarizability 38.78 ChemAxon Molconvert
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference Not Available
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Drug D00472 Link_out
KEGG Compound C07369 Link_out
PubChem Compound 5755 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46504847 Link_out
ChemSpider 5552 Link_out
BindingDB 19190 Link_out
ChEBI 8378 Link_out
ChEMBL 8378 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP000419 Link_out
PharmGKB PA451096 Link_out
Drug Product Database 2245532 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/prednisolone.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/prednisolone-acetate-drops.html Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisolone Link_out
ATC Codes
  • A07EA01
  • C05AA04
  • D07AA01
  • D07AA03
  • D07AC14
  • D07XA02
  • D10AA02
  • H02AB04
  • H02AB06
  • R01AD02
  • S01BA04
  • S01CB02
  • S02BA03
  • S03BA02
  • H02AB07
AHFS Codes
  • 52:08.08
  • 68:04.00
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label show (100.6 KB)
MSDS show (72.6 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol. Avoid caffeine.
  • Take with food to reduce gastric irritation.
Targets

1. Glucocorticoid receptor

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: agonist

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action:as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P04150 Link_out
Gene: NR3C1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Ikonomidis I, Tzortzis S, Lekakis J, Paraskevaidis I, Andreadou I, Nikolaou M, Kaplanoglou T, Katsimbri P, Skarantavos G, Soucacos P, Kremastinos DT: Lowering interleukin-1 activity with anakinra improves myocardial deformation in rheumatoid arthritis. Heart. 2009 Sep;95(18):1502-7. Epub 2009 May 28. Pubmed
  2. Boudinot FD, D’Ambrosio R, Jusko WJ: Receptor-mediated pharmacodynamics of prednisolone in the rat. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1986 Oct;14(5):469-93. Pubmed

Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Actions: substrate, inhibitor

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

2. Cytochrome P450 2A6

Actions: inhibitor

Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Constitutes the major nicotine C-oxidase

UniProt ID: P11509 Link_out
Gene: CYP2A6
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

Transporters

1. Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2

Actions: inhibitor

Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity)

UniProt ID: P46721 Link_out
Gene: SLCO1A2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Bossuyt X, Muller M, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ: Polyspecific drug and steroid clearance by an organic anion transporter of mammalian liver. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Mar;276(3):891-6. Pubmed

2. Multidrug resistance protein 1

Actions: substrate

Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells

UniProt ID: P08183 Link_out
Gene: ABCB1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Troutman MD, Thakker DR: Novel experimental parameters to quantify the modulation of absorptive and secretory transport of compounds by P-glycoprotein in cell culture models of intestinal epithelium. Pharm Res. 2003 Aug;20(8):1210-24. Pubmed
  2. Yates CR, Chang C, Kearbey JD, Yasuda K, Schuetz EG, Miller DD, Dalton JT, Swaan PW: Structural determinants of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of glucocorticoids. Pharm Res. 2003 Nov;20(11):1794-803. Pubmed

Carriers

1. Corticosteroid-binding globulin

Actions: binder

Major transport protein for glucocorticoids and progestins in the blood of almost all vertebrate species

UniProt ID: P08185 Link_out
Gene: SERPINA6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
  3. Frey BM, Frey FJ: Estimation of transcortin concentration by measurements of plasma protein-binding of prednisolone and by electroimmunodiffusion. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982 Feb;13(2):245-9. Pubmed
  4. Ko HC, Almon RR, Jusko WJ: Effect of corticosteroid binding globulin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in rats. Pharm Res. 1995 Jun;12(6):902-4. Pubmed
  5. Angeli A, Frajria R, De Paoli R, Fonzo D, Ceresa F: Diurnal variation of prednisolone binding to serum corticosteroid-binding globulin in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1978 Jan;23(1):47-53. Pubmed
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed

Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on April 19, 2011 15:07

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.