Showing drug card for Diprenorphine (DB01548)

• Experimental
• Illicit
• Small Molecule

• Narcotic Antagonists

1. Wikipedia

1. Delta-type opioid receptor
2. Corticotropin-lipotropin
3. Tripartite motif-containing protein 13
4. Beta-neoendorphin-dynorphin

1. DOR-1

MEPAPSAGAELQPPLFANASDAYPSAFPSAGANASGPPGARSASSLALAIAITALYSAVC
AVGLLGNVLVMFGIVRYTKMKTATNIYIFNLALADALATSTLPFQSAKYLMETWPFGELL
CKAVLSIDYYNMFTSIFTLTMMSVDRYIAVCHPVKALDFRTPAKAKLINICIWVLASGVG
VPIMVMAVTRPRDGAVVCMLQFPSPSWYWDTVTKICVFLFAFVVPILIITVCYGLMLLRL
RSVRLLSGSKEKDRSLRRITRMVLVVVGAFVVCWAPIHIFVIVWTLVDIDRRDPLVVAAL
HLCIALGYANSSLNPVLYAFLDENFKRCFRQLCRKPCGRPDPSSFSRAREATARERVTAC
TPSDGPGGGAAA

• 7tm_1 (PF00001 )

• None

• 46-75
• 85-102
• 125-144
• 175-190
• 216-238
• 262-284
• 294-310

• Membrane
• multi-pass membrane protein

ATGGAACCGGCCCCCTCCGCCGGCGCCGAGCTGCAGCCCCCGCTCTTCGCCAACGCCTCG
GACGCCTACCCTAGCGCCTTCCCCAGCGCTGGCGCCAATGCGTCGGGGCCGCCAGGCGCG
CGGAGCGCCTCGTCCCTCGCCCTGGCAATCGCCATCACCGCGCTCTACTCGGCCGTGTGC
GCCGTGGGGCTGCTGGGCAACGTGCTTGTCATGTTCGGCATCGTCCGGTACACTAAGATG
AAGACGGCCACCAACATCTACATCTTCAACCTGGCCTTAGCCGATGCGCTGGCCACCAGC
ACGCTGCCTTTCCAGAGTGCCAAGTACCTGATGGAGACGTGGCCCTTCGGCGAGCTGCTC
TGCAAGGCTGTGCTCTCCATCGACTACTACAATATGTTCACCAGCATCTTCACGCTCACC
ATGATGAGTGTTGACCGCTACATCGCTGTCTGCCACCCTGTCAAGGCCCTGGACTTCCGC
ACGCCTGCCAAGGCCAAGCTGATCAACATCTGTATCTGGGTCCTGGCCTCAGGCGTTGGC
GTGCCCATCATGGTCATGGCTGTGACCCGTCCCCGGGACGGGGCAGTGGTGTGCATGCTC
CAGTTCCCCAGCCCCAGCTGGTACTGGGACACGGTGACCAAGATCTGCGTGTTCCTCTTC
GCCTTCGTGGTGCCCATCCTCATCATCACCGTGTGCTATGGCCTCATGCTGCTGCGCCTG
CGCAGTGTGCGCCTGCTGTCGGGCTCCAAGGAGAAGGACCGCAGCCTGCGGCGCATCACG
CGCATGGTGCTGGTGGTTGTGGGCGCCTTCGTGGTGTGTTGGGCGCCCATCCACATCTTC
GTCATCGTCTGGACGCTGGTGGACATCGACCGGCGCGACCCGCTGGTGGTGGCTGCGCTG
CACCTGTGCATCGCGCTGGGCTACGCCAATAGCAGCCTCAACCCCGTGCTCTACGCTTTC
CTCGACGAGAACTTCAAGCGCTGCTTCCGCCAGCTCTGCCGCAAGCCCTGCGGCCGCCCA
GACCCCAGCAGCTTCAGCCGCGCCCGCGAAGCCACGGCCCGCGAGCGTGTCACCGCCTGC
ACCCCGTCCGATGGTCCCGGCGGTGGCGCTGCCGCCTGA

1. Gelernter J, Kranzler HR: Variant detection at the delta opioid receptor (OPRD1) locus and population genetics of a novel variant affecting protein sequence. Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;107(1):86-8. [PubMed ]
2. Simonin F, Befort K, Gaveriaux-Ruff C, Matthes H, Nappey V, Lannes B, Micheletti G, Kieffer B: The human delta-opioid receptor: genomic organization, cDNA cloning, functional expression, and distribution in human brain. Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Dec;46(6):1015-21. [PubMed ]
3. Knapp RJ, Malatynska E, Fang L, Li X, Babin E, Nguyen M, Santoro G, Varga EV, Hruby VJ, Roeske WR, et al.: Identification of a human delta opioid receptor: cloning and expression. Life Sci. 1994;54(25):PL463-9. [PubMed ]

1. Willoch F, Tolle TR, Wester HJ, Munz F, Petzold A, Schwaiger M, Conrad B, Bartenstein P: Central pain after pontine infarction is associated with changes in opioid receptor binding: a PET study with 11C-diprenorphine. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1999 Apr;20(4):686-90. [PubMed ]
2. Jones AK, Kitchen ND, Watabe H, Cunningham VJ, Jones T, Luthra SK, Thomas DG: Measurement of changes in opioid receptor binding in vivo during trigeminal neuralgic pain using [11C] diprenorphine and positron emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1999 Jul;19(7):803-8. [PubMed ]
3. Kampa M, Hatzoglou A, Notas G, Niniraki M, Kouroumalis E, Castanas E: Opioids are non-competitive inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase in T47D human breast cancer cells. Cell Death Differ. 2001 Sep;8(9):943-52. [PubMed ]
4. Marie N, Lecoq I, Jauzac P, Allouche S: Differential sorting of human delta-opioid receptors after internalization by peptide and alkaloid agonists. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 20;278(25):22795-804. Epub 2003 Apr 2. [PubMed ]
5. Webster JM, Bentley MT, Wojcikiewicz RJ: N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine inhibits ligand binding to certain G protein-coupled receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Aug 1;474(1):1-5. [PubMed ]

1. Corticotropin-lipotropin precursor
2. POMC
3. Pro-opiomelanocortin

MPRSCCSRSGALLLALLLQASMEVRGWCLESSQCQDLTTESNLLECIRACKPDLSAETPM
FPGNGDEQPLTENPRKYVMGHFRWDRFGRRNSSSSGSSGAGQKREDVSAGEDCGPLPEGG
PEPRSDGAKPGPREGKRSYSMEHFRWGKPVGKKRRPVKVYPNGAEDESAEAFPLEFKREL
TGQRLREGDGPDGPADDGAGAQADLEHSLLVAAEKKDEGPYRMEHFRWGSPPKDKRYGGF
MTSEKSQTPLVTLFKNAIIKNAYKKGE

• ACTH_domain (PF00976 )
• Op_neuropeptide (PF08035 )
• NPP (PF08384 )

• 1-26

• None

TGCAGCCGCTCGGGGGCCCTGTTGCTGGCCTTGCTGCTTCAGGCCTCCATGGAAGTGCGT
GGCTGGTGCCTGGAGAGCAGCCAGTGTCAGGACCTCACCACGGAAAGCAACCTGCTGGAG
TGCATCCGGGCCTGCAAGCCCGACCTCTCGGCCGAGACTCCCATGTTCCCGGGAAATGGC
GACGAGCAGCCTCTGACCGAGAACCCCCGGAAGTACGTCATGGGCCACTTCCGCTGGGAC
CGATTCGGCCGCCGCAACAGCAGCAGCAGCGGCAGCAGCGGCGCAGGGCAGAAGCGCGAG
GACGTCTCAGCGGGCGAAGACTGCGGCCCGCTGCCTGAGGGCGGCCCCGAGCCCCGCAGC
GATGGTGCCAAGCCGGGCCCGCGCGAGGGCAAGCGCTCCTACTCCATGGAGCACTTCCGC
TGGGGCAAGCCGGTGGGCAAGAAGCGGCGCCCAGTGAAGGTGTACCCTAACGGCGCCGAG
GACGAGTCGGCCGAGGCCTTCCCCCTGGAGTTCAAGAGGGAGCTGACTGGCCAGCGACTC
CGGGAGGGAGATGGCCCCGACGGCCCTGCCGATGACGGCGCAGGGGCCCAGGCCGACCTG
GAGCACAGCCTGCTGGTGGCGGCCGAGAAGAAGGACGAGGGCCCCTACAGGATGGAGCAC
TTCCGCTGGGGCAGCCCGCCCAAGGACAAGCGCTACGGCGGTTTCATGACCTCCGAGAAG
AGCCAGACGCCCCTGGTGACGCTGTTCAAAAACGCCATCATCAAGAACGCCTACAAGAAG
GGCGAGTGA

1. Echwald SM, Sorensen TI, Andersen T, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Clausen JO, Pedersen O: Mutational analysis of the proopiomelanocortin gene in Caucasians with early onset obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999 Mar;23(3):293-8. [PubMed ]
2. Miraglia del Giudice E, Cirillo G, Santoro N, D'Urso L, Carbone MT, Di Toro R, Perrone L: Molecular screening of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC ) gene in Italian obese children: report of three new mutations. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001 Jan;25(1):61-7. [PubMed ]
3. Li CH, Chung D: Primary structure of human beta-lipotropin. Nature. 1976 Apr 15;260(5552):622-4. [PubMed ]
4. Dragon N, Seidah NG, Lis M, Routhier R, Chretien M: Primary structure and morphine-like activity of human beta-endorphin. Can J Biochem. 1977 Jun;55(6):666-70. [PubMed ]
5. Bovenberg RA, Burbach JP, Wiegant VM, Veeneman GH, van Boom JH, Baas PD, Jansz HS, de Wied D: gamma-Endorphin and schizophrenia: amino acid composition of gamma-endorphin and nucleotide sequence of gamma-endorphin cDNA from pituitary glands of schizophrenic patients. Brain Res. 1986 Jun 18;376(1):29-37. [PubMed ]
6. Fenger M, Johnsen AH: Alpha-amidated peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin in normal human pituitary. Biochem J. 1988 Mar 15;250(3):781-8. [PubMed ]
7. Golovin SIa, Karginov VA, Bondar' AA, Beklemishev AB, Chekhranova MK: [Synthesis, cloning and primary structure of DNA complementary to mRNA for human pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin] Bioorg Khim. 1987 Apr;13(4):562-4. [PubMed ]
8. Riniker B, Sieber P, Rittel W, Zuber H: Revised amino-acid sequences for porcine and human adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Nat New Biol. 1972 Jan 26;235(56):114-5. [PubMed ]
9. Sieber P, Rittel W, Riniker B: [Synthesis of the human adrenal cortex hormone ( h ACTH) with a revised amino acid sequence] Helv Chim Acta. 1972;55(4):1243-66. [PubMed ]
10. Yamashiro D, Li CH: Adrenocorticotropins. 44. Total synthesis of the human hormone by the solid-phase method. J Am Chem Soc. 1973 Feb 21;95(4):1310-5. [PubMed ]
11. 4352834 Bennett HP, Lowry PJ, McMartin C: Confirmation of the 1-20 amino acid sequence of human adrenocorticotrophin. Biochem J. 1973 May;133(1):11-3.
12. 6254047 Chang AC, Cochet M, Cohen SN: Structural organization of human genomic DNA encoding the pro-opiomelanocortin peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Aug;77(8):4890-4.
13. 6267033 Seidah NG, Rochemont J, Hamelin J, Lis M, Chretien M: Primary structure of the major human pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin NH2-terminal glycopeptide. Evidence for an aldosterone-stimulating activity. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 10;256(15):7977-84.
14. 6272808 Seidah NG, Rochemont J, Hamelin J, Benjannet S, Chretien M: The missing fragment of the pro-sequence of human pro-opiomelanocortin: sequence and evidence for C-terminal amidation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Sep 30;102(2):710-6.
15. 6274691 Takahashi H, Teranishi Y, Nakanishi S, Numa S: Isolation and structural organization of the human corticotropin--beta-lipotropin precursor gene. FEBS Lett. 1981 Nov 30;135(1):97-102.
16. 6299668 Whitfeld PL, Seeburg PH, Shine J: The human pro-opiomelanocortin gene: organization, sequence, and interspersion with repetitive DNA. DNA. 1982;1(2):133-43.
17. 6314261 Takahashi H, Hakamata Y, Watanabe Y, Kikuno R, Miyata T, Numa S: Complete nucleotide sequence of the human corticotropin-beta-lipotropin precursor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 11;11(19):6847-58.
18. 6945581 Seidah NG, Chretien M: Complete amino acid sequence of a human pituitary glycopeptide: an important maturation product of pro-opiomelanocortin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4236-40.
19. 7828531 Morris JC, Savva D, Lowry PJ: Reduced expression of a naturally deleted form of human proopiomelanocortin complementary deoxyribonucleic acid after transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells. Endocrinology. 1995 Jan;136(1):195-201.
20. 9768693 Hinney A, Becker I, Heibult O, Nottebom K, Schmidt A, Ziegler A, Mayer H, Siegfried W, Blum WF, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J: Systematic mutation screening of the pro-opiomelanocortin gene: identification of several genetic variants including three different insertions, one nonsense and two missense point mutations in probands of different weight extremes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Oct;83(10):3737-41.

1. Murase H, Kamikubo K, Murayama M, Yasuda K, Tsurumi K, Miura K: [Characterization of adrenal medullary opioid receptors. I. Binding of opioids to adrenal medullary opioid receptors] Nippon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi. 1987 Jun 20;63(6):727-40. [PubMed ]
2. Kamikubo K, Murase H, Niwa M, Miura K, Miura Y, Satoh T, Tomita A, Nakamura S, Miyashita T, Imai T, et al.: Varying expression of opioid receptors and GTP-binding proteins in human pheochromocytomas. NIDA Res Monogr. 1986;75:133-6. [PubMed ]
3. Schulz R, Gramsch C: Polyclonal anti-idiotypic opioid receptor antibodies generated by the monoclonal beta-endorphin antibody 3-E7. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1985 Oct 30;132(2):658-65. [PubMed ]

1. B- cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia tumor suppressor Leu5
2. Leukemia-associated protein 5
3. Putative tumor suppressor RFP2
4. RING finger protein 77
5. Ret finger protein 2

MELLEEDLTCPICCSLFDDPRVLPCSHNFCKKCLEGILEGSVRNSLWRPAPFKCPTCRKE
TSATGINSLQVNYSLKGIVEKYNKIKISPKMPVCKGHLGQPLNIFCLTDMQLICGICATR
GEHTKHVFCSIEDAYAQERDAFESLFQSFETWRRGDALSRLDTLETSKRKSLQLLTKDSD
KVKEFFEKLQHTLDQKKNEILSDFETMKLAVMQAYDPEINKLNTILQEQRMAFNIAEAFK
DVSEPIVFLQQMQEFREKIKVIKETPLPPSNLPASPLMKNFDTSQWEDIKLVDVDKLSLP
QDTGTFISKIPWSFYKLFLLILLLGLVIVFGPTMFLEWSLFDDLATWKGCLSNFSSYLTK
TADFIEQSVFYWEQVTDGFFIFNERFKNFTLVVLNNVAEFVCKYKLL

• zf-C3HC4 (PF00097 )
• zf-B_box (PF00643 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGCTGCTTGAAGAAGATCTCACATGCCCTATTTGTTGTAGTCTGTTTGATGATCCA
CGGGTTTTGCCTTGCTCCCACAACTTCTGCAAAAAATGCTTAGAAGGTATCTTAGAAGGG
AGTGTGCGGAATTCCTTGTGGAGACCAGCTCCATTCAAGTGTCCTACATGCCGTAAGGAA
ACTTCAGCTACTGGAATTAATAGCCTGCAGGTTAATTACTCCCTGAAGGGTATTGTGGAA
AAGTATAACAAGATCAAGATCTCTCCCAAAATGCCAGTATGCAAAGGACACTTGGGGCAG
CCTCTCAACATTTTCTGCCTGACTGATATGCAGCTGATTTGTGGGATCTGTGCTACTCGT
GGGGAGCACACCAAACATGTCTTCTGTTCTATTGAAGATGCCTATGCTCAGGAAAGGGAT
GCCTTTGAGTCCCTCTTCCAGAGCTTTGAGACCTGGCGTCGGGGAGATGCTCTTTCTCGC
TTGGATACCTTGGAAACTAGTAAGAGGAAATCCCTACAGTTACTGACTAAAGATTCAGAT
AAAGTGAAGGAATTTTTTGAGAAGTTACAACACACACTGGATCAAAAGAAGAATGAAATT
CTGTCTGACTTTGAGACCATGAAACTTGCTGTTATGCAAGCATATGACCCAGAGATCAAC
AAACTCAACACCATCTTGCAGGAGCAACGGATGGCCTTTAACATTGCTGAGGCTTTCAAA
GATGTGTCAGAACCCATTGTATTTCTGCAACAGATGCAGGAGTTTAGAGAGAAAATCAAA
GTAATCAAGGAAACTCCTTTACCTCCCTCTAATTTGCCTGCAAGCCCTTTAATGAAGAAC
TTTGATACCAGTCAGTGGGAAGACATAAAACTAGTCGATGTGGATAAACTTTCTTTGCCT
CAAGACACTGGCACATTCATTAGCAAGATTCCCTGGAGCTTTTATAAGTTATTTTTGCTA
ATCCTTCTGCTTGGCCTTGTCATTGTCTTTGGTCCTACCATGTTCCTAGAATGGTCATTA
TTTGATGACCTGGCAACTTGGAAAGGCTGTCTTTCAAACTTCACTTCCTATCTGACTAAA
ACAGCCGATTTCATAGAACAATCAGTTTTTTACTGGGAACAGGTGACAGATGGGTTTTTC
ATTTTCAATGAAAGATTCAAGAATTTTACTTTGGTGGTACTGAACAATGTGGCAGAATTT
GTGTGCAAATATAAACTATTATAA

1. Kapanadze B, Makeeva N, Corcoran M, Jareborg N, Hammarsund M, Baranova A, Zabarovsky E, Vorontsova O, Merup M, Gahrton G, Jansson M, Yankovsky N, Einhorn S, Oscier D, Grander D, Sangfelt O: Comparative sequence analysis of a region on human chromosome 13q14, frequently deleted in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and its homologous region on mouse chromosome 14. Genomics. 2000 Dec 15;70(3):327-34. [PubMed ]
2. Migliazza A, Bosch F, Komatsu H, Cayanis E, Martinotti S, Toniato E, Guccione E, Qu X, Chien M, Murty VV, Gaidano G, Inghirami G, Zhang P, Fischer S, Kalachikov SM, Russo J, Edelman I, Efstratiadis A, Dalla-Favera R: Nucleotide sequence, transcription map, and mutation analysis of the 13q14 chromosomal region deleted in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2001 Apr 1;97(7):2098-104. [PubMed ]
3. Reymond A, Meroni G, Fantozzi A, Merla G, Cairo S, Luzi L, Riganelli D, Zanaria E, Messali S, Cainarca S, Guffanti A, Minucci S, Pelicci PG, Ballabio A: The tripartite motif family identifies cell compartments. EMBO J. 2001 May 1;20(9):2140-51. [PubMed ]
4. Kapanadze B, Kashuba V, Baranova A, Rasool O, van Everdink W, Liu Y, Syomov A, Corcoran M, Poltaraus A, Brodyansky V, Syomova N, Kazakov A, Ibbotson R, van den Berg A, Gizatullin R, Fedorova L, Sulimova G, Zelenin A, Deaven L, Lehrach H, Grander D, Buys C, Oscier D, Zabarovsky ER, Einhorn S, Yankovsky N: A cosmid and cDNA fine physical map of a human chromosome 13q14 region frequently lost in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and identification of a new putative tumor suppressor gene, Leu5. FEBS Lett. 1998 Apr 17;426(2):266-70. [PubMed ]

1. Law PY, Hom DS, Loh HH: Multiple affinity states of opiate receptor in neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 hybrid cells. Opiate agonist association rate is a function of receptor occupancy. J Biol Chem. 1985 Mar 25;260(6):3561-9. [PubMed ]
2. Pfeiffer A, Herz A: Discrimination of three opiate receptor binding sites with the use of a computerized curve-fitting technique. Mol Pharmacol. 1982 Mar;21(2):266-71. [PubMed ]
3. Chang KJ, Hazum E, Cuatrecasas P: Novel opiate binding sites selective for benzomorphan drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4141-5. [PubMed ]
4. Pfeiffer A, Herz A: Enhancement of delta- but not mu-opiate agonist binding by calcium. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1982 May;319(2):147-53. [PubMed ]
5. Cvejic S, Trapaidze N, Cyr C, Devi LA: Thr353, located within the COOH-terminal tail of the delta opiate receptor, is involved in receptor down-regulation. J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 23;271(8):4073-6. [PubMed ]

1. Beta-neoendorphin-dynorphin precursor
2. Preprodynorphin
3. Proenkephalin B

MAWQGLVLAACLLMFPSTTADCLSRCSLCAVKTQDGPKPINPLICSLQCQAALLPSEEWE
RCQSFLSFFTPSTLGLNDKEDLGSKSVGEGPYSELAKLSGSFLKELEKSKFLPSISTKEN
TLSKSLEEKLRGLSDGFREGAESELMRDAQLNDGAMETGTLYLAEEDPKEQVKRYGGFLR
KYPKRSSEVAGEGDGDSMGHEDLYKRYGGFLRRIRPKLKWDNQKRYGGFLRRQFKVVTRS
QEDPNAYSGELFDA

• Opiods_neuropep (PF01160 )

• 1-20

• None

• Secreted protein

1. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
2. Horikawa S, Takai T, Toyosato M, Takahashi H, Noda M, Kakidani H, Kubo T, Hirose T, Inayama S, Hayashida H, et al.: Isolation and structural organization of the human preproenkephalin B gene. Nature. 1983 Dec 8-14;306(5943):611-4. [PubMed ]
3. Tessmer MR, Kallick DA: NMR and structural model of dynorphin A (1-17) bound to dodecylphosphocholine micelles. Biochemistry. 1997 Feb 25;36(8):1971-81. [PubMed ]

1. Govitrapong P, Pariyanonth M, Ebadi M: The presence and actions of opioid receptors in bovine pineal gland. J Pineal Res. 1992 Oct;13(3):124-32. [PubMed ]
2. Gonzalez-Nunez V, Barrallo A, Traynor JR, Rodriguez RE: Characterization of opioid-binding sites in zebrafish brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Feb;316(2):900-4. Epub 2005 Oct 5. [PubMed ]
3. Bunn SJ: Localisation and pharmacological characterisation of [3H]bremazocine binding in the bovine adrenal medulla. Neurosci Lett. 1991 Apr 29;125(2):139-42. [PubMed ]
4. Alvarez FA, Rodriguez-Martin I, Gonzalez-Nunez V, de Velasco EM, Gonzalez Sarmiento R, Rodriguez RE: New kappa opioid receptor from zebrafish Danio rerio. Neurosci Lett. 2006 Sep 11;405(1-2):94-9. Epub 2006 Jul 13. [PubMed ]
5. Ohta S, Niwa M, Nozaki M, Tsurumi K, Shimonaka H, Tanahashi T, Uematsu H, Yamamoto M, Fujimura H: [Kappa-type opioid receptor in human placental membrane] Masui. 1989 Oct;38(10):1293-300. [PubMed ]