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Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-06-23 18:07:43
Primary Accession Number DB00176
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00425
Name Fluvoxamine
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Investigational
  • Small Molecule
Description Fluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions pharmacologically as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Though it is in the same class as other SSRI drugs, it is most often used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder. Fluvoxamine has been in use in clinical practice since 1983 and has a clinical trial database comprised of approximately 35,000 patients. It was launched in the US in December 1994 and in Japan in June 1999. As of the end of 1995, more than 10 million patients worldwide have been treated with fluvoxamine.
Synonyms
  1. Fluvoxamina [INN-Spanish]
  2. Fluvoxamine maleate
  3. Fluvoxaminum [INN-Latin]
  4. fluvoxamine
  5. fluvoxamine-CR
Brand Names
  1. Dumirox
  2. Dumyrox
  3. Faverin
  4. Fevarin
  5. Floxyfral
  6. Luvox
  7. Maveral
Brand Mixtures Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name 2-[[5-methoxy-1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pentylidene]amino]oxyethanamine
Chemical Formula C15H21F3N2O2
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 54739-18-3
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C15H21F3N2O2/c1-21-10-3-2-4-14(20-22-11-9-19)12-5-7-13(8-6-12)15(16,17)18/h5-8H,2-4,9-11,19H2,1H3
InChI Key CJOFXWAVKWHTFT-UHFFFAOYAR
KEGG Drug Not Available
KEGG Compound C07571 Link Image
PubChem Compound 3404 Link Image
PubChem Substance 9774 Link Image
ChEBI ID 5138 Link Image
PharmGKB ID PA449690 Link Image
HET ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 02262630 Link Image
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/fluvox.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/flu1660.shtml Link Image
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluvoxamine Link Image
FDA Label
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Neth. pat. Appl. 7503310; H. B. A. Welle, V. Classen, U.S. pat. 4085225
Average Molecular Weight 318.3346
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 318.1555
State Solid
Melting Point 120-122.5 oC
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 7.34e-03 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity 3.2 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP 2.89 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -4.64 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES COCCCC\C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F)=N/OCCN
Canonical SMILES COCCCCC(=NOCCN)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F
Drug Category
  • Anti-anxiety Agents
  • Antidepressive Agents
  • Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation
  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 28:16.04.20
Indication For treatment of depression and for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Pharmacology Fluvoxamine is one of a class of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It is used to treat the depression associated with mood disorders. It is also used on occassion in the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder and anxiety. The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of Fluvoxamine are presumed to be linked to its inhibition of CNS neuronal uptake of serotonin. In vitro studies show that Fluvoxamine is a potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin reuptake and has only very weak effects on norepinephrine and dopamine neuronal reuptake. Fluvoxamine has no significant affinity for adrenergic (alpha1, alpha2, beta), cholinergic, GABA, dopaminergic, histaminergic, serotonergic (5HT1A, 5HT1B, 5HT2), or benzodiazepine receptors; antagonism of such receptors has been hypothesized to be associated with various anticholinergic, sedative, and cardiovascular effects for other psychotropic drugs. The chronic administration of Fluvoxamine was found to downregulate brain norepinephrine receptors, as has been observed with other drugs effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Fluvoxamine does not inhibit monoamine oxidase.
Mechanism of Action The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of Fluvoxamine are presumed to be linked to its inhibition of CNS neuronal uptake of serotonin. Fluvoxamine blocks the reuptake of serotonin at the serotonin reuptake pump of the neuronal membrane, enhancing the actions of serotonin on 5HT1A autoreceptors. SSRIs bind with significantly less affinity to histamine, acetylcholine, and norepinephrine receptors than tricyclic antidepressant drugs.
Absorption Well absorbed, bioavailability of fluvoxamine maleate is 53%.
Toxicity Side effects include anorexia, constipation, dry mouth, headache, nausea, nervousness, skin rash, sleep problems, somnolence, liver toxicity, mania, increase urination, seizures, sweating increase, tremors, or Tourette's syndrome.
Protein Binding ~77-80% (plasma protein)
Biotransformation Hepatic
Half Life 15.6 hours
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Tablet Oral
Patient Information Not Available
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Acenocoumarol Fluvoxamine increases the effect of the anticoagulant
Almotriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Aminophylline Increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Amitriptyline Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Amoxapine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Amphetamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Anisindione Fluvoxamine increases the effect of the anticoagulant
Astemizole Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Benzphetamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Carbamazepine Fluvoxamine increases the effect of carbamazepine
Cilostazol Fluvoxamine increases the effect of cilostazol
Clomipramine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Clozapine The antidepressant increases the effect of clozapine
Desipramine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Dexfenfluramine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Dextroamphetamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Dicumarol Fluvoxamine increases the effect of the anticoagulant
Diethylpropion Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Dihydroergotamine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combination
Doxepin Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Duloxetine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of duloxetine
Dyphylline Increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Eletriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Ergotamine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combination
Ethotoin Increases the effect of hydantoin
Fenfluramine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Fosphenytoin Increases the effect of hydantoin
Frovatriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Imipramine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Isocarboxazid Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
Linezolid Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndrome
Lithium The SSRI increases serum levels of lithium
Mazindol Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Mephenytoin Increases the effect of hydantoin
Mesoridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Methadone Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of methadone
Methamphetamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Mexiletine Increases the effect and toxicity of mexiletine
Mirtazapine Increases the effect adn toxicity of mirtazapine
Moclobemide Increased incidence of adverse effects with this association
Naratriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Nortriptyline Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Olanzapine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of olanzapine
Oxtriphylline Increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Oxycodone Increased risk of serotonin syndrome
Phendimetrazine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Phenelzine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
Phentermine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Phenylpropanolamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Phenytoin Increases the effect of hydantoin
Protriptyline Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Ramelteon Fluvoxamine increases the levels/toxicity of ramelteon
Rasagiline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
Rizatriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Ropinirole Increases the effect and toxicity of ropinirole
Ropivacaine Increases the effect and toxicity of ropivacaine
Selegiline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
Sibutramine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
St. John's Wort St. John's Wort increases the effect and toxicity of the SSRI
Sumatriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Tacrine Fluvoxamine increases the effect of tacrine
Terfenadine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Theophylline Increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Thioridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Tizanidine Fluvoxamine increases the effect/toxicity of tizanidine
Tramadol Increased risk of serotonin syndrome
Tranylcypromine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
Trimipramine Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of tricyclics
Warfarin Fluvoxamine increases the effect of the anticoagulant
Zolmitriptan Increased risk of CNS adverse effects
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Avoid high doses of caffeine.
  • Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided throughout treatment as grapefruit can significantly increase serum levels of this product.
  • Take without regard to meals.
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Drugs.com Link Image
  2. Wikipedia Link Image
  3. RxList Link Image
  4. PDRhealth Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)
  2. Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
  3. Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)
  4. Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
  5. Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
  6. Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Targets
  1. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor
  2. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor
  3. Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name CYP2C19
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID P33261 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >sp|P33261|CP2CJ_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2C19 (EC 1.14.13.80) 
MDPFVVLVLCLSCLLLLSIWRQSSGRGKLPPGPTPLPVIGNILQIDIKDVSKSLTNLSKI
YGPVFTLYFGLERMVVLHGYEVVKEALIDLGEEFSGRGHFPLAERANRGFGIVFSNGKRW
KEIRRFSLMTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEARCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
IIFQKRFDYKDQQFLNLMEKLNENIRIVSTPWIQICNNFPTIIDYFPGTHNKLLKNLAFM
ESDILEKVKEHQESMDINNPRDFIDCFLIKMEKEKQNQQSEFTIENLVITAADLLGAGTE
TTSTTLRYALLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIERVVGRNRSPCMQDRGHMPYTDAVVHEVQRYID
LIPTSLPHAVTCDVKFRNYLIPKGTTILTSLTSVLHDNKEFPNPEMFDPRHFLDEGGNFK
KSNYFMPFSAGKRICVGEGLARMELFLFLTFILQNFNLKSLIDPKDLDTTPVVNGFASVP
PFYQLCFIPV
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 Name Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Enzyme 2 Gene Name CYP1A2
Enzyme 2 SwissProt ID P05177 Link Image
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >P05177|CP1A2_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 1A2 - Homo sapiens (Human). 
MALSQSVPFSATELLLASAIFCLVFWVLKGLRPRVPKGLKSPPEPWGWPLLGHVLTLGKN
PHLALSRMSQRYGDVLQIRIGSTPVLVLSRLDTIRQALVRQGDDFKGRPDLYTSTLITDG
QSLTFSTDSGPVWAARRRLAQNALNTFSIASDPASSSSCYLEEHVSKEAKALISRLQELM
AGPGHFDPYNQVVVSVANVIGAMCFGQHFPESSDEMLSLVKNTHEFVETASSGNPLDFFP
ILRYLPNPALQRFKAFNQRFLWFLQKTVQEHYQDFDKNSVRDITGALFKHSKKGPRASGN
LIPQEKIVNLVNDIFGAGFDTVTTAISWSLMYLVTKPEIQRKIQKELDTVIGRERRPRLS
DRPQLPYLEAFILETFRHSSFLPFTIPHSTTRDTTLNGFYIPKKCCVFVNQWQVNHDPEL
WEDPSEFRPERFLTADGTAINKPLSEKMMLFGMGKRRCIGEVLAKWEIFLFLAILLQQLE
FSVPPGVKVDLTPIYGLTMKHARCEHVQARRFSIN
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 Name Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)
Enzyme 3 Gene Name MAOA
Enzyme 3 SwissProt ID P21397 Link Image
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >sp|P21397|AOFA_HUMAN Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] 
MENQEKASIAGHMFDVVVIGGGISGLSAAKLLTEYGVSVLVLEARDRVGGRTYTIRNEHV
DYVDVGGAYVGPTQNRILRLSKELGIETYKVNVSERLVQYVKGKTYPFRGAFPPVWNPIA
YLDYNNLWRTIDNMGKEIPTDAPWEAQHADKWDKMTMKELIDKICWTKTARRFAYLFVNI
NVTSEPHEVSALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIFSVTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDQVKL
NHPVTHVDQSSDNIIIETLNHEHYECKYVINAIPPTLTAKIHFRPELPAERNQLIQRLPM
GAVIKCMMYYKEAFWKKKDYCGCMIIEDEDAPISITLDDTKPDGSLPAIMGFILARKADR
LAKLHKEIRKKKICELYAKVLGSQEALHPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTAYFPPGIMTQYG
RVIRQPVGRIFFAGTETATKWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREVLNGLGKVTEKDIWVQEPESKD
VPAVEITHTFWERNLPSVSGLLKIIGFSTSVTALGFVLYKYKLLPRS
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 Name Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Enzyme 4 Gene Name CYP2C9
Enzyme 4 SwissProt ID P11712 Link Image
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >sp|P11712|CP2C9_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2C9 (EC 1.14.13.80) 
MDSLVVLVLCLSCLLLLSLWRQSSGRGKLPPGPTPLPVIGNILQIGIKDISKSLTNLSKV
YGPVFTLYFGLKPIVVLHGYEAVKEALIDLGEEFSGRGIFPLAERANRGFGIVFSNGKKW
KEIRRFSLMTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEARCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
IIFHKRFDYKDQQFLNLMEKLNENIKILSSPWIQICNNFSPIIDYFPGTHNKLLKNVAFM
KSYILEKVKEHQESMDMNNPQDFIDCFLMKMEKEKHNQPSEFTIESLENTAVDLFGAGTE
TTSTTLRYALLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIERVIGRNRSPCMQDRSHMPYTDAVVHEVQRYID
LLPTSLPHAVTCDIKFRNYLIPKGTTILISLTSVLHDNKEFPNPEMFDPHHFLDEGGNFK
KSKYFMPFSAGKRICVGEALAGMELFLFLTSILQNFNLKSLVDPKNLDTTPVVNGFASVP
PFYQLCFIPV
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 Name Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Enzyme 5 Gene Name CYP2D6
Enzyme 5 SwissProt ID P10635 Link Image
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >sp|P10635|CP2D6_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2D6 (EC 1.14.14.1) 
MGLEALVPLAVIVAIFLLLVDLMHRRQRWAARYPPGPLPLPGLGNLLHVDFQNTPYCFDQ
LRRRFGDVFSLQLAWTPVVVLNGLAAVREALVTHGEDTADRPPVPITQILGFGPRSQGVF
LARYGPAWREQRRFSVSTLRNLGLGKKSLEQWVTEEAACLCAAFANHSGRPFRPNGLLDK
AVSNVIASLTCGRRFEYDDPRFLRLLDLAQEGLKEESGFLREVLNAVPVLLHIPALAGKV
LRFQKAFLTQLDELLTEHRMTWDPAQPPRDLTEAFLAEMEKAKGNPESSFNDENLRIVVA
DLFSAGMVTTSTTLAWGLLLMILHPDVQRRVQQEIDDVIGQVRRPEMGDQAHMPYTTAVI
HEVQRFGDIVPLGMTHMTSRDIEVQGFRIPKGTTLITNLSSVLKDEAVWEKPFRFHPEHF
LDAQGHFVKPEAFLPFSAGRRACLGEPLARMELFLFFTSLLQHFSFSVPTGQPRPSHHGV
FAFLVSPSPYELCAVPR
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 Name Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Enzyme 6 Gene Name CYP1A1
Enzyme 6 SwissProt ID P04798 Link Image
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >sp|P04798|CP1A1_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 1A1 (EC 1.14.14.1) 
MLFPISMSATEFLLASVIFCLVFWVIRASRPQVPKGLKNPPGPWGWPLIGHMLTLGKNPH
LALSRMSQQYGDVLQIRIGSTPVVVLSGLDTIRQALVRQGDDFKGRPDLYTFTLISNGQS
MSFSPDSGPVWAARRRLAQNGLKSFSIASDPASSTSCYLEEHVSKEAEVLISTLQELMAG
PGHFNPYRYVVVSVTNVICAICFGRRYDHNHQELLSLVNLNNNFGEVVGSGNPADFIPIL
RYLPNPSLNAFKDLNEKFYSFMQKMVKEHYKTFEKGHIRDITDSLIEHCQEKQLDENANV
QLSDEKIINIVLDLFGAGFDTVTTAISWSLMYLVMNPRVQRKIQEELDTVIGRSRRPRLS
DRSHLPYMEAFILETFRHSSFVPFTIPHSTTRDTSLKGFYIPKGRCVFVNQWQINHDQKL
WVNPSEFLPERFLTPDGAIDKVLSEKVIIFGMGKRKCIGETIARWEVFLFLAILLQRVEF
SVPLGVKVDMTPIYGLTMKHACCEHFQMQLRS
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 320
Target 1 Name 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. 5- HT1A
  2. 5-HT-1A
  3. G-21
  4. Serotonin receptor 1A
Target 1 Gene Name HTR1A
Target 1 Protein Sequence >5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor 
MDVLSPGQGNNTTSPPAPFETGGNTTGISDVTVSYQVITSLLLGTLIFCAVLGNACVVAA
IALERSLQNVANYLIGSLAVTDLMVSVLVLPMAALYQVLNKWTLGQVTCDLFIALDVLCC
TSSILHLCAIALDRYWAITDPIDYVNKRTPRRAAALISLTWLIGFLISIPPMLGWRTPED
RSDPDACTISKDHGYTIYSTFGAFYIPLLLMLVLYGRIFRAARFRIRKTVKKVEKTGADT
RHGASPAPQPKKSVNGESGSRNWRLGVESKAGGALCANGAVRQGDDGAALEVIEVHRVGN
SKEHLPLPSEAGPTPCAPASFERKNERNAEAKRKMALARERKTVKTLGIIMGTFILCWLP
FFIVALVLPFCESSCHMPTLLGAIINWLGYSNSLLNPVIYAYFNKDFQNAFKKIIKCKFC
RQ
Target 1 Number of Residues 429
Target 1 Molecular Weight 46107
Target 1 Theoretical pI 9.05
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
rhodopsin-like receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Component
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 1 General Function Involved in rhodopsin-like receptor activity
Target 1 Specific Function This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • 37-62
  • 74-98
  • 110-132
  • 153-178
  • 192-217
  • 346-367
  • 379-403
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 189928 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P08908 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name 5HT1A_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID Not Available
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein
Target 1 Gene Sequence >1266 bp 
ATGGATGTGCTCAGCCCTGGTCAGGGCAACAACACCACATCACCACCGGCTCCCTTTGAG
ACCGGCGGCAACACTACTGGTATCTCCGACGTGACCGTCAGCTACCAAGTGATCACCTCT
CTGCTGCTGGGCACGCTCATCTTCTGCGCGGTGCTGGGCAATGCGTGCGTGGTGGCTGCC
ATCGCCTTGGAGCGCTCCCTGCAGAACGTGGCCAATTATCTTATTGGCTCTTTGGCGGTC
ACCGACCTCATGGTGTCGGTGTTGGTGCTGCCCATGGCCGCGCTGTATCAGGTGCTCAAC
AAGTGGACACTGGGCCAGGTAACCTGCGACCTGTTCATCGCCCTCGACGTGCTGTGCTGC
ACCTCATCCATCTTGCACCTGTGCGCCATCGCGCTGGACAGGTACTGGGCCATCACGGAC
CCCATCGACTACGTGAACAAGAGGACGCCCCGGCCGCGTGCGCTCATCTCGCTCACTTGG
CTTATTGGCTTCCTCATCTCTATCCCGCCCATCCTGGGCTGGCGCACCCCGGAAGACCGC
TCGGACCCCGACGCATGCACCATTAGCAAGGATCATGGCTACACTATCTATTCCACCTTT
GGAGCTTTCTACATCCCGCTGCTGCTCATGCTGGTTCTCTATGGGCGCATATTCCGAGCT
GCGCGCTTCCGCATCCGCAAGACGGTCAAAAAGGTGGAGAAGACCGGAGCGGACACCCGC
CATGGAGCATCTCCCGCCCCGCAGCCCAAGAAGAGTGTGAATGGAGAGTCGGGGAGCAGG
AACTGGAGGCTGGGCGTGGAGAGCAAGGCTGGGGGTGCTCTGTGCGCCAATGGCGCGGTG
AGGCAAGGTGACGATGGCGCCGCCCTGGAGGTGATCGAGGTGCACCGAGTGGGCAACTCC
AAAGAGCACTTGCCTCTGCCCAGCGAGGCTGGTCCTACCCCTTGTGCCCCCGCCTCTTTC
GAGAGGAAAAATGAGCGCAACGCCGAGGCGAAGCGCAAGATGGCCCTGGCCCGAGAGAGG
AAGACAGTGAAGACGCTGGGCATCATCATGGGCACCTTCATCCTCTGCTGGCTGCCCTTC
TTCATCGTGGCTCTTGTTCTGCCCTTCTGCGAGAGCAGCTGCCACATGCCCACCCTGTTG
GGCGCCATAATCAATTGGCTGGGCTACTCCAACTCTCTGCTTAACCCCGTCATTTACGCA
TACTTCAACAAGGACTTTCAAAACGCGTTTAAGAAGATCATTAAGTGTAACTTCTGCCGC
CAGTGA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID HTR1A Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID HTR1A Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:5286 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location 5
Target 1 Locus 5q11.2-q13
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Parks CL, Chang LS, Shenk T: A polymerase chain reaction mediated by a single primer: cloning of genomic sequences adjacent to a serotonin receptor protein coding region. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Dec;19(25):7155-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kobilka BK, Frielle T, Collins S, Yang-Feng T, Kobilka TS, Francke U, Lefkowitz RJ, Caron MG: An intronless gene encoding a potential member of the family of receptors coupled to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins. Nature. 1987 Sep 3-9;329(6134):75-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Fargin A, Raymond JR, Lohse MJ, Kobilka BK, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ: The genomic clone G-21 which resembles a beta-adrenergic receptor sequence encodes the 5-HT1A receptor. Nature. 1988 Sep 22;335(6188):358-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Nakhai B, Nielsen DA, Linnoila M, Goldman D: Two naturally occurring amino acid substitutions in the human 5-HT1A receptor: glycine 22 to serine 22 and isoleucine 28 to valine 28. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 May 16;210(2):530-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Aune TM, McGrath KM, Sarr T, Bombara MP, Kelley KA: Expression of 5HT1a receptors on activated human T cells. Regulation of cyclic AMP levels and T cell proliferation by 5-hydroxytryptamine. J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1175-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kawanishi Y, Harada S, Tachikawa H, Okubo T, Shiraishi H: Novel mutations in the promoter and coding region of the human 5-HT1A receptor gene and association analysis in schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 1998 Sep 7;81(5):434-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Nomoto M, Iwata S: [Functions and metabolic rates of transmitters in the basal ganglia] Nippon Rinsho. 2000 Oct;58(10):1987-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. David DJ, Bourin M, Hascoet M, Colombel MC, Baker GB, Jolliet P: Comparison of antidepressant activity in 4- and 40-week-old male mice in the forced swimming test: involvement of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors in old mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Feb;153(4):443-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. de Jongh R, Groenink L, van Der Gugten J, Olivier B: The light-enhanced startle paradigm as a putative animal model for anxiety: effects of chlordiazepoxide, flesinoxan and fluvoxamine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Jan;159(2):176-80. Epub 2001 Sep 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Matsumoto M, Kojima T, Togashi H, Mori K, Ohashi S, Ueno K, Yoshioka M: Differential characteristics of endogenous serotonin-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 fields of anaesthetized rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;366(6):570-7. Epub 2002 Oct 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kojima T, Matsumoto M, Togashi H, Tachibana K, Kemmotsu O, Yoshioka M: Fluvoxamine suppresses the long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 field of anesthetized rats: an effect mediated via 5-HT1A receptors. Brain Res. 2003 Jan 3;959(1):165-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 502
Target 2 Name 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. 5- HT-2
  2. 5-HT-2A
  3. Serotonin receptor 2A
Target 2 Gene Name HTR2A
Target 2 Protein Sequence >5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor 
MDILCEENTSLSSTTNSLMQLNDDTRLYSNDFNSGEANTSDAFNWTVDSENRTNLSCEGC
LSPSCLSLLHLQEKNWSALLTAVVIILTIAGNILVIMAVSLEKKLQNATNYFLMSLAIAD
MLLGFLVMPVSMLTILYGYRWPLPSKLCAVWIYLDVLFSTASIMHLCAISLDRYVAIQNP
IHHSRFNSRTKAFLKIIAVWTISVGISMPIPVFGLQDDSKVFKEGSCLLADDNFVLIGSF
VSFFIPLTIMVITYFLTIKSLQKEATLCVSDLGTRAKLASFSFLPQSSLSSEKLFQRSIH
REPGSYTGRRTMQSISNEQKACKVLGIVFFLFVVMWCPFFITNIMAVICKESCNEDVIGA
LLNVFVWIGYLSSAVNPLVYTLFNKTYRSAFSRYIQCQYKENKKPLQLILVNTIPALAYK
SSQLQMGQKKNSKQDAKTTDNDCSMVALGKQHSEEASKDNSDGVNEKVSCV
Target 2 Number of Residues 478
Target 2 Molecular Weight 52604
Target 2 Theoretical pI 7.72
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
rhodopsin-like receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Component
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 2 General Function Involved in rhodopsin-like receptor activity
Target 2 Specific Function This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor is involved in tracheal smooth muscle contraction, bronchoconstriction, and control of aldosterone production
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • None
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • 76-99
  • 111-132
  • 148-171
  • 192-215
  • 234-254
  • 325-346
  • 363-384
Target 2 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 36431 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P28223 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name 5HT2A_HUMAN Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID Not Available
Target 2 Cellular Location
  • Cell membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein. Localizes to the post-synaptic thickening of axo-dendrit
Target 2 Gene Sequence >1416 bp 
ATGGATATTCTTTGTGAAGAAAATACTTCTTTGAGCTCAACTACGAACTCCCTAATGCAA
TTAAATGATGACACCAGGCTCTACAGTAATGACTTTAACTCTGGAGAAGCTAACACTTCT
GATGCATTTAACTGGACAGTCGACTCTGAAAATCGAACCAACCTTTCCTGTGAAGGGTGC
CTCTCACCGTCGTGTCTCTCCTTACTTCATCTCCAGGAAAAAAACTGGTCTGCTTTACTG
ACAGCCGTAGTGATTATTCTAACTATTGCTGGAAACATACTCGTCATCATGGCAGTGTCC
CTAGAGAAAAAGCTGCAGAATGCCACCAACTATTTCCTGATGTCACTTGCCATAGCTGAT
ATGCTGCTGGGTTTCCTTGTCATGCCCGTGTCCATGTTAACCATCCTGTATGGGTACCGG
TGGCCTCTGCCGAGCAAGCTTTGTGCAGTCTGGATTTACCTGGACGTGCTCTTCTCCACG
GCCTCCATCATGCACCTCTGCGCCATCTCGCTGGACCGCTACGTCGCCATCCAGAATCCC
ATCCACCACAGCCGCTTCAACTCCAGAACTAAGGCATTTCTGAAAATCATTGCTGTTTGG
ACCATATCAGTAGGTATATCCATGCCAATACCAGTCTTTGGGCTACAGGACGATTCGAAG
GTCTTTAAGGAGGGGAGTTGCTTACTCGCCGATGATAACTTTGTCCTGATCGGCTCTTTT
GTGTCATTTTTCATTCCCTTAACCATCATGGTGATCACCTACTTTCTAACTATCAAGTCA
CTCCAGAAAGAAGCTACTTTGTGTGTAAGTGATCTTGGCACACGGGCCAAATTAGCTTCT
TTCAGCTTCCTCCCTCAGAGTTCTTTGTCTTCAGAAAAGCTCTTCCAGCGGTCGATCCAT
AGGGAGCCAGGGTCCTACACAGGCAGGAGGACTATGCAGTCCATCAGCAATGAGCAAAAG
GCATGCAAGGTGCTGGGCATCGTCTTCTTCCTGTTTGTGGTGATGTGGTGCCCTTTCTTC
ATCACAAACATCATGGCCGTCATCTGCAAAGAGTCCTGCAATGAGGATGTCATTGGGGCC
CTGCTCAATGTGTTTGTTTGGATCGGTTATCTCTCTTCAGCAGTCAACCCACTAGTCTAC
ACACTGTTCAACAAGACCTATAGGTCAGCCTTTTCACGGTATATTCAGTGTCAGTACAAG
GAAAACAAAAAACCATTGCAGTTAATTTTAGTGAACACAATACCGGCTTTGGCCTACAAG
TCTAGCCAACTTCAAATGGGACAAAAAAAGAATTCAAAGCAAGATGCCAAGACAACAGAT
AATGACTGCTCAATGGTTGCTCTAGGAAAGCAGCATTCTGAAGAGGCTTCTAAAGACAAT
AGCGACGGAGTGAATGAAAAGGTGAGCTGTGTGTGA
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID HTR2A Link Image
Target 2 GenAtlas ID HTR2A Link Image
Target 2 HGNC ID HGNC:5293 Link Image
Target 2 Chromosome Location 13
Target 2 Locus 13q14-q21
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Marshall SE, Bird TG, Hart K, Welsh KI: Unified approach to the analysis of genetic variation in serotonergic pathways. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Dec 15;88(6):621-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Becamel C, Figge A, Poliak S, Dumuis A, Peles E, Bockaert J, Lubbert H, Ullmer C: Interaction of serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2C receptors with PDZ10 of the multi-PDZ domain protein MUPP1. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 20;276(16):12974-82. Epub 2001 Jan 9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Chen K, Yang W, Grimsby J, Shih JC: The human 5-HT2 receptor is encoded by a multiple intron-exon gene. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1992 Jun;14(1-2):20-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stam NJ, Van Huizen F, Van Alebeek C, Brands J, Dijkema R, Tonnaer JA, Olijve W: Genomic organization, coding sequence and functional expression of human 5-HT2 and 5-HT1A receptor genes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Oct 1;227(2):153-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Saltzman AG, Morse B, Whitman MM, Ivanshchenko Y, Jaye M, Felder S: Cloning of the human serotonin 5-HT2 and 5-HT1C receptor subtypes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Dec 31;181(3):1469-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Cook EH Jr, Fletcher KE, Wainwright M, Marks N, Yan SY, Leventhal BL: Primary structure of the human platelet serotonin 5-HT2A receptor: identify with frontal cortex serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. J Neurochem. 1994 Aug;63(2):465-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Erdmann J, Shimron-Abarbanell D, Rietschel M, Albus M, Maier W, Korner J, Bondy B, Chen K, Shih JC, Knapp M, Propping P, Nothen MM: Systematic screening for mutations in the human serotonin-2A (5-HT2A) receptor gene: identification of two naturally occurring receptor variants and association analysis in schizophrenia. Hum Genet. 1996 May;97(5):614-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. McMahon LR, Cunningham KA: Role of 5-HT(2a) and 5-HT(2B/2C) receptors in the behavioral interactions between serotonin and catecholamine reuptake inhibitors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Mar;24(3):319-29. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Winter JC, Fiorella DJ, Helsley SE, Rabin RA: Partial generalization of (-)DOM to fluvoxamine in the rat: implications for SSRI-induced mania and psychosis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 1999 Sep;2(3):165-172. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sato K, Yoshida K, Takahashi H, Ito K, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Tezuka T, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K, Otani K: Association between -1438G/A promoter polymorphism in the 5-HT(2A) receptor gene and fluvoxamine response in Japanese patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychobiology. 2002;46(3):136-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Millan MJ, Veiga S, Girardon S, Brocco M: Blockade of serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A receptors suppresses the induction of locomotor activity by 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, citalopram and fluvoxamine, in NMRI mice exposed to a novel environment: a comparison to other 5-HT receptor subtypes. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Aug;168(4):397-409. Epub 2003 Apr 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Yoshida K, Naito S, Takahashi H, Sato K, Ito K, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T: Monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphism, 5-HT 2A receptor gene polymorphism and incidence of nausea induced by fluvoxamine. Neuropsychobiology. 2003;48(1):10-3. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 3 [top]
Target 3 ID 824
Target 3 Name Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter
Target 3 Synonyms
  1. 5HT transporter
  2. 5HTT
Target 3 Gene Name SLC6A4
Target 3 Protein Sequence >Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter 
METTPLNSQKQLSACEDGEDCQENGVLQKVVPTPGDKVESGQISNGYSAVPSPGAGDDTR
HSIPATTTTLVAELHQGERETWGKKVDFLLSVIGYAVDLGNVWRFPYICYQNGGGAFLLP
YTIMAIFGGIPLFYMELALGQYHRNGCISIWRKICPIFKGIGYAICIIAFYIASYYNTIM
AWALYYLISSFTDQLPWTSCKNSWNTGNCTNYFSEDNITWTLHSTSPAEEFYTRHVLQIH
RSKGLQDLGGISWQLALCIMLIFTVIYFSIWKGVKTSGKVVWVTATFPYIILSVLLVRGA
TLPGAWRGVLFYLKPNWQKLLETGVWIDAAAQIFFSLGPGFGVLLAFASYNKFNNNCYQD
ALVTSVVNCMTSFVSGFVIFTVLGYMAEMRNEDVSEVAKDAGPSLLFITYAEAIANMPAS
TFFAIIFFLMLITLGLDSTFAGLEGVITAVLDEFPHVWAKRRERFVLAVVITCFFGSLVT
LTFGGAYVVKLLEEYATGPAVLTVALIEAVAVSWFYGITQFCRDVKEMLGFSPGWFWRIC
WVAISPLFLLFIICSFLMSPPQLRLFQYNYPYWSIILGYCIGTSSFICIPTYIAYRLIIT
PGTFKERIIKSITPETPTEIPCGDIRLNAV
Target 3 Number of Residues 640
Target 3 Molecular Weight 70325
Target 3 Theoretical pI 6.17
Target 3 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
neurotransmitter transporter activity
neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
neurotransmitter transport
Component
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
integral to plasma membrane
Target 3 General Function Involved in serotonin:sodium symporter activity
Target 3 Specific Function Terminates the action of serotonine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals
Target 3 Pathways Not Available
Target 3 Reactions Not Available
Target 3 Pfam Domain Function
Target 3 Signals
  • None
Target 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • 88-108
  • 116-135
  • 160-180
  • 253-271
  • 280-297
  • 333-350
  • 362-383
  • 417-436
  • 464-482
  • 498-518
  • 539-558
  • 577-595
Target 3 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 3 GenBank ID Protein 36433 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P31645 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SC6A4_HUMAN Link Image
Target 3 PDB ID Not Available
Target 3 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein
Target 3 Gene Sequence >1893 bp 
ATGGAGACGACGCCCTTGAATTCTCAGAAGCAGCTATCAGCGTGTGAAGATGGAGAAGAT
TGTCAGGAAAACGGAGTTCTACAGAAGGTTGTTCCCACCCCAGGGGACAAAGTGGAGTCC
GGGCAAATATCCAATGGGTACTCAGCAGTTCCAAGTCCTGGTGCGGGAGATGACACACGG
CACTCTATCCCAGCGACCACCACCACCCTAGTGGCTGAGCTTCATCAAGGGGAACGGGAG
ACCTGGGGCAAGAAGGTGGATTTCCTTCTCTCAGTGATTGGCTATGCTGTGGACCTGGGC
AATGTCTGGCGCTTCCCCTACATATGTTACCAGAATGGAGGGGGGGCATTCCTCCTCCCC
TACACCATCATGGCCATTTTTGGGGGAATCCCGCTCTTTTACATGGAGCTCGCACTGGGA
CAGTACCACCGAAATGGATGCATTTCAATATGGAGGAAAATCTGCCCGATTTTCAAAGGG
ATTGGTTATGCCATCTGCATCATTGCCTTTTACATTGCTTCCTACTACAACACCATCATG
GCCTGGGCGCTATACTACCTCATCTCCTCCTTCACGGACCAGCTGCCCTGGACCAGCTGC
AAGAACTCCTGGAACACTGGCAACTGCACCAATTACTTCTCCGAGGACAACATCACCTGG
ACCCTCCATTCCACGTCCCCTGCTGAAGAATTTTACACGCGCCACGTCCTGCAGATCCAC
CGGTCTAAGGGGCTCCAGGACCTGGGGGGCATCAGCTGGCAGCTGGCCCTCTGCATCATG
CTGATCTTCACTGTTATCTACTTCAGCATCTGGAAAGGCGTCAAGACCTCTGGCAAGGTG
GTGTGGGTGACAGCCACCTTCCCTTATATCATCCTTTCTGTCCTGCTGGTGAGGGGTGCC
ACCCTCCCTGGAGCCTGGAGGGGTGTTCTCTTCTACTTGAAACCCAATTGGCAGAAACTC
CTGGAGACAGGGGTGTGGATAGATGCAGCCGCTCAGATCTTCTTCTCTCTTGGTCCGGGC
TTTGGGGTCCTGCTGGCTTTTGCTAGCTACAACAAGTTCAACAACAACTGCTACCAAGAT
GCCCTGGTGACCAGCGTGGTGAACTGCATGACGAGCTTCGTTTCGGGATTTGTCATCTTC
ACAGTGCTCGGTTACATGGCTGAGATGAGGAATGAAGATGTGTCTGAGGTGGCCAAAGAC
GCAGGTCCCAGCCTCCTCTTCATCACGTATGCAGAAGCGATAGCCAACATGCCAGCGTCC
ACTTTCTTTGCCATCATCTTCTTTCTGATGTTAATCACGCTGGGCTTGGACAGCACGTTT
GCAGGCTTGGAGGGGGTGATCACGGCTGTGCTGGATGAGTTCCCACACGTCTGGGCCAAG
CGCCGGGAGCGGTTCGTGCTCGCCGTGGTCATCACCTGCTTCTTTGGATCCCTGGTCACC
CTGACTTTTGGAGGGGCCTACGTGGTGAAGCTGCTGGAGGAGTATGCCACGGGGCCCGCA
GTGCTCACTGTCGCGCTGATCGAAGCAGTCGCTGTGTCTTGGTTCTATGGCATCACTCAG
TTCTGCAGGGACGTGAAGGAAATGCTCGGCTTCAGCCCGGGGTGGTTCTGGAGGATCTGC
TGGGTGGCCATCAGCCCTCTGTTTCTCCTGTTCATCATTTGCAGTTTTCTGATGAGCCCG
CCACAACTACGACTTTTCCAATATAATTATCCTTACTGGAGTATCATCTTGGGTTACTGC
ATAGGAACCTCATCTTTCATTTGCATCCCCACATATATAGCTTATCGGTTGATCATCACT
CCAGGGACATTTAAAGAGCGTATTATTAAAAGTATTACCCCGGAGACACCAACAGAAATT
CCTTGTGGGGACATCCGCTTGAATGCTGTGTAA
Target 3 GenBank Gene ID
Target 3 GeneCard ID SLC6A4 Link Image
Target 3 GenAtlas ID SLC6A4 Link Image
Target 3 HGNC ID HGNC:11050 Link Image
Target 3 Chromosome Location 17
Target 3 Locus 17q11.1-q12
Target 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 3 General References
  1. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, Taylor A, Craig IW, Harrington H, McClay J, Mill J, Martin J, Braithwaite A, Poulton R: Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science. 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):386-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ramamoorthy S, Bauman AL, Moore KR, Han H, Yang-Feng T, Chang AS, Ganapathy V, Blakely RD: Antidepressant- and cocaine-sensitive human serotonin transporter: molecular cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Mar 15;90(6):2542-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lesch KP, Wolozin BL, Murphy DL, Reiderer P: Primary structure of the human platelet serotonin uptake site: identity with the brain serotonin transporter. J Neurochem. 1993 Jun;60(6):2319-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Lesch KP, Wolozin BL, Estler HC, Murphy DL, Riederer P: Isolation of a cDNA encoding the human brain serotonin transporter. J Neural Transm Gen Sect. 1993;91(1):67-72. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 3 Drug References
  1. Kakiuchi T, Tsukada H, Fukumoto D, Nishiyama S: Effects of aging on serotonin transporter availability and its response to fluvoxamine in the living brain: PET study with [(11)C](+)McN5652 and [(11)C](-)McN5652 in conscious monkeys. Synapse. 2001 Jun 1;40(3):170-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Yoshida K, Ito K, Sato K, Takahashi H, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Tezuka T, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K, Otani K: Influence of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region on the antidepressant response to fluvoxamine in Japanese depressed patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Feb;26(2):383-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Miolo G, Caffieri S, Levorato L, Imbesi M, Giusti P, Uz T, Manev R, Manev H: Photoisomerization of fluvoxamine generates an isomer that has reduced activity on the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter and does not affect cell proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Aug 30;450(3):223-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Suhara T, Takano A, Sudo Y, Ichimiya T, Inoue M, Yasuno F, Ikoma Y, Okubo Y: High levels of serotonin transporter occupancy with low-dose clomipramine in comparative occupancy study with fluvoxamine using positron emission tomography. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Apr;60(4):386-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Inoue K: [Analysis and its application for prevention of side-effects of drugs and for evaluation of drug responsiveness] Yakugaku Zasshi. 2004 Jun;124(6):293-9. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.