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Showing drug card for Metronidazole (DB00916)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-06-23 18:06:47
Primary Accession Number DB00916
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00631
Name Metronidazole
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
Description A nitroimidazole used to treat amebiasis; vaginitis; trichomonas infections; giardiasis; anaerobic bacteria; and treponemal infections. It has also been proposed as a radiation sensitizer for hypoxic cells. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985, p133), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck, 11th ed).
Synonyms
  1. Methronidazole
  2. Metronidazol
  3. Metronidazole Benzoate
  4. Metronidazole Hcl
  5. Metronidazole in Plastic Container
  6. Metronidazolo
Brand Names
  1. Acromona
  2. Anagiardil
  3. Apo-Metronidazole
  4. Arilin
  5. Atrivyl
  6. Bayer 5360
  7. Bexon
  8. Clont
  9. Cont
  10. Danizol
  11. Deflamon
  12. Deflamon-Wirkstoff
  13. Efloran
  14. Elyzol
  15. Entizol
  16. Eumin
  17. Flagemona
  18. Flagesol
  19. Flagil
  20. Flagyl
  21. Flagyl ER
  22. Flagyl I.V.
  23. Flegyl
  24. Fossyol
  25. Giatricol
  26. Gineflavir
  27. Klion
  28. Klont
  29. Meronidal
  30. Metric 21
  31. Metro Cream
  32. Metro I.V.
  33. Metro I.V. In Plastic Container
  34. Metrocream
  35. Metrogel
  36. Metrogel-Vaginal
  37. Metrolag
  38. Metrolotion
  39. Metrolyl
  40. Metromidol
  41. Metronidaz
  42. Metrotop
  43. Mexibol
  44. Monagyl
  45. Monasin
  46. Nalox
  47. Neo-Tric
  48. Nida
  49. Nidagel
  50. Noritate
  51. Novonidazol
  52. Orvagil
  53. Protostat
  54. Rathimed
  55. Sanatrichom
  56. Satric
  57. Takimetol
  58. Trichazol
  59. Trichex
  60. Tricho Cordes
  61. Tricho-Gynaedron
  62. Trichocide
  63. Trichomol
  64. Trichopal
  65. Trichopol
  66. Tricocet
  67. Tricom
  68. Tricowas B
  69. Trikacide
  70. Trikamon
  71. Trikojol
  72. Trikozol
  73. Trimeks
  74. Trivazol
  75. Vagilen
  76. Vagimid
  77. Vertisal
  78. Wagitran
  79. Zadstat
Brand Mixtures
  1. Helidac (Metronidazole + Bismuth subsalicylate + tetracycline hydrochloride)
Chemical IUPAC Name 2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethanol
Chemical Formula C6H9N3O3
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 443-48-1
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C6H9N3O3/c1-5-7-4-6(9(11)12)8(5)2-3-10/h4,10H,2-3H2,1H3
InChI Key VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYAG
KEGG Drug D00409 Link Image
KEGG Compound Not Available
PubChem Compound 4173 Link Image
PubChem Substance 7847475 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
PharmGKB ID Not Available
HET ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 00649074 Link Image
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/metron.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metronidazole Link Image
FDA Label
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Jacob et al., U.S. Pat. 2,944,061 (1960)
Average Molecular Weight 171.1540
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 171.0644
State Solid
Melting Point 160 oC
Experimental Water Solubility <0.1g/100mL Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 5.92e+00 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -0.1 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP -0.15 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS -1.26 [ADME Research, USCD]
Predicted LogS -1.46 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES CC1=NC=C(N1CCO)[N+]([O-])=O
Canonical SMILES CC1=NC=C(N1CCO)[N+]([O-])=O
Drug Category
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Anti-Infectives
  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Antiprotozoals
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 08:30.92
  • 84:04.04
  • 84:04.92
Indication Treatment of acute acne rosacea
Pharmacology Metronidazole, a synthetic antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent of the nitroimidazole class, is used against protozoa such as Trichomonas vaginalis, amebiasis, and giardiasis. Metronidazole is extremely effective against anaerobic bacterial infections and is also used to treat Crohn's disease, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and rosacea.
Mechanism of Action Unionized metronidazole is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce metronidazole to its active form. This reduced metronidazole then disrupts DNA's helical structure, inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis and resulting in bacterial cell death.
Absorption Well absorbed
Toxicity Convulsive seizures and peripheral neuropathy, the latter characterized mainly by numbness or paresthesia of an extremity, LD50=500 mg/kg/day (orally in rat)
Protein Binding Less than 20%
Biotransformation Hepatic
Half Life 8 hours
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Capsule Oral
Cream Intravaginal
Cream Topical
Gel Intravaginal
Gel Topical
Liquid Intravenous
Lotion Topical
Solution Intravenous
Tablet Oral
Tablet, extended release Oral
Patient Information Show Link Image
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Acenocoumarol Metronidazole increases the anticoagulant effect
Amobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Amprenavir Increased risk of side effects (oral solution)
Anisindione Metronidazole increases the anticoagulant effect
Aprobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Busulfan Metronidazole increases the effect/toxicity of busulfan
Butabarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Butalbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Butethal The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Carbamazepine Metronidazole increases the effect of carbamazepine
Dicumarol Metronidazole increases the anticoagulant effect
Dihydroquinidine barbiturate The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Disulfiram Possible acute psychosis and confusion
Fluorouracil Risk of 5-FU toxicity when associated with metronidazole
Heptabarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Hexobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Lithium Metronidazole increases the effect and toxicity of lithium
Methohexital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Methylphenobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Pentobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Phenobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Primidone The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Quinidine barbiturate The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Secobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Tacrolimus Metronidazole increases the levels/toxicity of tacrolimus
Talbutal The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole
Warfarin Metronidazole increases the anticoagulant effect
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Take with food to reduce irritation.
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Williams CS, Woodcock KR: Do ethanol and metronidazole interact to produce a disulfiram-like reaction? Ann Pharmacother. 2000 Feb;34(2):255-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Visapaa JP, Tillonen JS, Kaihovaara PS, Salaspuro MP: Lack of disulfiram-like reaction with metronidazole and ethanol. Ann Pharmacother. 2002 Jun;36(6):971-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lamont RF: Can antibiotics prevent preterm birth--the pro and con debate. BJOG. 2005 Mar;112 Suppl 1:67-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Shennan A, Crawshaw S, Briley A, Hawken J, Seed P, Jones G, Poston L: A randomised controlled trial of metronidazole for the prevention of preterm birth in women positive for cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin: the PREMET Study. BJOG. 2006 Jan;113(1):65-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Drugs.com Link Image
  6. Wikipedia Link Image
  7. RxList Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Bacteria and protozoa
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Targets
  1. Periplasmic [Fe] hydrogenase 1
  2. NADPH-linked flavin nitroreductase
  3. DNA
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name CYP2C9
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID P11712 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >sp|P11712|CP2C9_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2C9 (EC 1.14.13.80) 
MDSLVVLVLCLSCLLLLSLWRQSSGRGKLPPGPTPLPVIGNILQIGIKDISKSLTNLSKV
YGPVFTLYFGLKPIVVLHGYEAVKEALIDLGEEFSGRGIFPLAERANRGFGIVFSNGKKW
KEIRRFSLMTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEARCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
IIFHKRFDYKDQQFLNLMEKLNENIKILSSPWIQICNNFSPIIDYFPGTHNKLLKNVAFM
KSYILEKVKEHQESMDMNNPQDFIDCFLMKMEKEKHNQPSEFTIESLENTAVDLFGAGTE
TTSTTLRYALLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIERVIGRNRSPCMQDRSHMPYTDAVVHEVQRYID
LLPTSLPHAVTCDIKFRNYLIPKGTTILISLTSVLHDNKEFPNPEMFDPHHFLDEGGNFK
KSKYFMPFSAGKRICVGEALAGMELFLFLTSILQNFNLKSLVDPKNLDTTPVVNGFASVP
PFYQLCFIPV
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 621
Target 1 Name Periplasmic [Fe] hydrogenase 1
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. CpI
  2. EC 1.12.7.2
  3. Fe-only hydrogenase
Target 1 Gene Name Not Available
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Periplasmic [Fe] hydrogenase 1 
MKTIIINGVQFNTDEDTTILKFARDNNIDISALCFLNNCNNDINKCEICTVEVEGTGLVT
ACDTLIEDGMIINTNSDAVNEKIKSRISQLLDIHEFKCGPCNRRENCEFLKLVIKYKARA
SKPFLPKDKTEYVDERSKSLTVDRTKCLLCGRCVNACGKNTETYAMKFLNKNGKTIIGAE
DEKCFDDTNCLLCGQCIIACPVAALSEKSHMDRVKNALNAPEKHVIVAMAPSVRASIGEL
FNMGFGVDVTGKIYTALRQLGFDKIFDINFGADMTIMEEATELVQRIENNGPFPMFTSCC
PGWVRQAENYYPELLNNLSSAKSPQQIFGTASKTYYPSISGLDPKNVFTVTVMPCTSKKF
EADRPQMEKDGLRDIDAVITTRELAKMIKDAKIPFAKLEDSEADPAMGEYSGAGAIFGAT
GGVMEAALRSAKDFAENAELEDIEYKQVRGLNGIKEAEVEINNNKYNVAVINGASNLFKF
MKSGMINEKQYHFIEVMACHGGCVNGGGQPHVNPKDLEKVDIKKVRASVLYNQDEHLSKR
KSHENTALVKMYQNYFGKPGEGRAHEILHFKYKK
Target 1 Number of Residues 583
Target 1 Molecular Weight 63829
Target 1 Theoretical pI 6.65
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor
oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, iron-sulfur protein as acceptor
ferredoxin hydrogenase activity
binding
ion binding
cation binding
transition metal ion binding
iron ion binding
transporter activity
electron transporter activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
electron transport
Component
Not Available
Target 1 General Function Involved in electron carrier activity
Target 1 Specific Function Not Available
Target 1 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism map00630 Link Image
Methane metabolism map00680 Link Image
Target 1 Reactions
  • H2 + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 144836 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P29166 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PHF1_CLOPA Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1C4C Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Periplasm
Target 1 Gene Sequence >1725 bp 
ATGAAAACAATAATTATAAATGGTGTACAGTTTAATACTGATGAAGACACTACTATATTA
AAATTTGCACGAGACAACAATATTGATATATCTGCACTGTGTTTTTTAAATAATTGTAAT
AATGACATAAATAAGTGTGAAATATGTACTGTAGAGGTAGAGGGTACTGGATTAGTAACA
GCCTGTGATACATTAATTGAGGATGGTATGATTATAAACACAAATTCCGATGCTGTCAAC
GAAAAAATTAAATCTAGAATATCTCAATTATTAGACATACATGAATTCAAATGTGGTCCT
TGCAATAGAAGAGAAAACTGTGAATTCTTAAAACTTGTTATAAAATATAAAGCAAGAGCT
TCTAAACCATTTTTACCTAAAGATAAGACTGAATATGTAGATGAAAGAAGTAAATCATTA
ACTGTAGATAGGACAAAATGCTTATTATGTGGAAGATGTGTTAATGCCTGTGGAAAAAAT
ACTGAAACCTATGCAATGAAATTTTTAAACAAAAATGGTAAAACTATAATTGGAGCAGAG
GATGAAAAATGCTTTGATGATACTAATTGTCTATTATGTGGTCAATGTATAATCGCCTGT
CCAGTAGCAGCATTATCGGAAAAATCACACATGGATAGAGTAAAAAATGCCTTAAATGCC
CCTGAAAAACATGTAATAGTAGCTATGGCTCCATCTGTCAGAGCTTCTATAGGTGAACTT
TTTAATATGGGATTTGGCGTTGACGTAACAGGAAAAATTTATACTGCTTTAAGACAGCTT
GGATTTGATAAAATATTCGATATAAACTTCGGAGCAGATATGACAATTATGGAAGAGGCT
ACAGAATTAGTTCAAAGAATAGAGAATAATGGACCTTTCCCAATGTTTACATCTTGCTGC
CCAGGTTGGGTAAGACAAGCTGAAAATTATTATCCTGAATTACTAAATAATCTTTCATCA
GCTAAATCACCTCAACAAATTTTTGGTACTGCTAGTAAAACTTATTATCCTTCTATATCT
GGTCTTGACCCAAAGAATGTATTTACTGTAACAGTTATGCCCTGTACTTCAAAAAAATTT
GAAGCAGATAGACCACAAATGGAAAAAGACGGCCTAAGAGATATAGATGCTGTTATAACT
ACTCGAGAATTAGCAAAAATGATTAAAGATGCTAAAATACCATTTGCTAAACTTGAAGAT
AGCGAAGCAGACCCTGCTATGGGAGAATACAGCGGTGCTGGTGCCATATTTGGTGCAACT
GGCGGAGTTATGGAAGCAGCTTTAAGAAGTGCAAAAGACTTTGCTGAAAACGCTGAACTT
GAAGATATAGAATATAAGCAAGTTAGAGGATTAAATGGTATAAAAGAAGCTGAAGTAGAA
ATAAATAACAACAAATATAATGTAGCTGTTATAAATGGTGCTTCAAATTTATTTAAGTTT
ATGAAATCTGGTATGATTAACGAAAAACAATATCATTTCATAGAAGTAATGGCTTGTCAT
GGAGGATGTGTAAATGGTGGTGGACAGCCTCATGTAAACCCAAAAGATTTAGAAAAAGTA
GACATAAAAAAAGTAAGAGCTTCTGTATTGTATAATCAGGATGAACATCTTTCCAAGAGA
AAATCTCATGAAAATACTGCATTAGTTAAAATGTATCAAAATTATTTTGGCAAACCAGGT
GAAGGTCGTGCCCATGAAATATTACACTTTAAATATAAAAAATAA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 1 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 1 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 1 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 1 Locus Not Available
Target 1 SNPs Not Available
Target 1 General References
  1. Lemon BJ, Peters JW: Binding of exogenously added carbon monoxide at the active site of the iron-only hydrogenase (CpI) from Clostridium pasteurianum. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 5;38(40):12969-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Meyer J, Gagnon J: Primary structure of hydrogenase I from Clostridium pasteurianum. Biochemistry. 1991 Oct 8;30(40):9697-704. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Peters JW, Lanzilotta WN, Lemon BJ, Seefeldt LC: X-ray crystal structure of the Fe-only hydrogenase (CpI) from Clostridium pasteurianum to 1.8 angstrom resolution. Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1853-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Kutty R, Bennett GN: Studies on inhibition of transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene catalyzed by Fe-only hydrogenase from Clostridium acetobutylicum. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 May;33(5):368-76. Epub 2006 Jan 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 783
Target 2 Name NADPH-linked flavin nitroreductase
Target 2 Synonyms Not Available
Target 2 Gene Name rdxA
Target 2 Protein Sequence >NADPH-linked flavin nitroreductase 
MKFLDQEKRRQLLNERHSCKMFDSHYEFSSEELEEIAEIARLSPSSYNTQPWHFVMVTNK
DLKKQIAVHSYFNEEMIKSASALMVVCSLRPSELLPHGHYMQNLYPESYKVRVIPSFAQM
LGVRFNHSMQRLESYILEQCYIAVGQICMGVSLMGLDSCIIGGFDPLKVGEVLEERINKP
KIACLIALGKRVAEASQKSRKSKVDAITWL
Target 2 Number of Residues 213
Target 2 Molecular Weight 24123
Target 2 Theoretical pI 8.13
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
electron transport
Component
Not Available
Target 2 General Function Energy production and conversion
Target 2 Specific Function Not Available
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • None
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 2 Essentiality Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 2564441 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O30585 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name O30585_HELPY Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID Not Available
Target 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Target 2 Gene Sequence >633 bp 
ATGAAATTTTTGGATCAGGAAAAAAGAAGACAACTATTAAACGAGCGCCATTCTTGCAAG
ATGTTTGACAGCCATTATGAGTTTTCTAGTGAAGAATTAGAAGAAATCGCTGAAATCGCC
AGGCTATCGCCAAGCTCTTACAACACGCAGCCATGGCATTTTGTGATGGTTACTAATAAG
GATTTAAAAAAACAAATTGCAGTGCACAGCTACTTTAATGAAGAAATGATTAAAAGCGCT
TCAGCGTTAATGGTGGTATGCTCTTTAAGACCTAGCGAGTTGTTACCACACGGCCATTAC
ATGCAAAACCTTTACCCGGAGTCTTATAAGGTTAGAGTGATCCCTTCTTTTGCTCAAATG
CTTGGCGTGAGATTCAACCACAGCATGCAAAGATTAGAAAGCTATATTTTAGAGCAATGC
TATATCGCTGTGGGGCAAATTTGCATGGGCGTGAGCTTAATGGGATTGGATAGTTGCATT
ATTGGAGGCTTTGATCCTTTAAAAGTGGGTGAAGTTTTAGAAGAGCGTATCAATAAGCCT
AAAATCGCATGCTTGATCGCTTTGGGCAAGAGGGTGGCAGAAGCGAGCCAAAAATCAAGA
AAATCAAAAGTTGATGCGATTACTTGGTTGTGA
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 2 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 2 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 2 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 2 Locus Not Available
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Goodwin A, Kersulyte D, Sisson G, Veldhuyzen van Zanten SJ, Berg DE, Hoffman PS: Metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori is due to null mutations in a gene (rdxA) that encodes an oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase. Mol Microbiol. 1998 Apr;28(2):383-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Debets-Ossenkopp YJ, Pot RG, van Westerloo DJ, Goodwin A, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Berg DE, Hoffman PS, Kusters JG: Insertion of mini-IS605 and deletion of adjacent sequences in the nitroreductase (rdxA) gene cause metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori NCTC11637. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Nov;43(11):2657-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Sisson G, Jeong JY, Goodwin A, Bryden L, Rossler N, Lim-Morrison S, Raudonikiene A, Berg DE, Hoffman PS: Metronidazole activation is mutagenic and causes DNA fragmentation in Helicobacter pylori and in Escherichia coli containing a cloned H. pylori RdxA(+) (Nitroreductase) gene. J Bacteriol. 2000 Sep;182(18):5091-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chisholm SA, Owen RJ: Mutations in Helicobacter pylori rdxA gene sequences may not contribute to metronidazole resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003 Apr;51(4):995-9. Epub 2003 Mar 13. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 3 [top]
Target 3 ID 874
Target 3 Name DNA
Target 3 Synonyms
  1. Deoxyribonucleic acid
Target 3 Gene Name Not Available
Target 3 Protein Sequence Not Available
Target 3 Number of Residues 0
Target 3 Molecular Weight 7656 (double strand)
Target 3 Theoretical pI Not Available
Target 3 GO Classification
Function
information storage
information transfer
Process
DNA replication and chromosomal cycle
DNA replication
DNA-dependent DNA replication
DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer
transcription
transcription, DNA dependent
Component
cell
intracellular
nucleus
mitochondria
Target 3 General Function Biological information storage and information transfer
Target 3 Specific Function DNA is the molecule of heredity, as it is responsible for the genetic propagation of most inherited traits. It is a polynucleic acid that carries genetic information on cell growth, division, and function. DNA consists of two long strands of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and held together by hydrogen bonds. The sequence of nucleotides determines hereditary characteristics. Each strand serves as the template for subsequent DNA replication and as a template for mRNA production, leading to protein synthesis via ribosomes.
Target 3 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
DNA polymerase map03030 Link Image
RNA polymerase map03020 Link Image
Target 3 Reactions
  • DNA + DNA polymerase + nNTP = 2 DNA + nNDP; DNA + RNA polymerase + NTP = mRNA + nNDP
Target 3 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Target 3 Signals
  • None
Target 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 3 Essentiality Essential
Target 3 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Not Available
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Not Available
Target 3 PDB ID 1BNA Link Image
Target 3 PDB File Show
Target 3 3D Structure
Target 3 Cellular Location
  • Nucleus and mitochondria
Target 3 Gene Sequence >Example: Dickerson dodecamer 
CGCGAATTCGCG
Target 3 GenBank Gene ID
Target 3 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 3 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 3 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 3 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 3 Locus All loci
Target 3 SNPs Not Available
Target 3 General References
  1. Nadeau D, Marchand C: Change in the kinetics of sulphacetamide tissue distribution in Walker tumor-bearing rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1975 Nov-Dec;3(6):565-76. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 3 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Salles JM, Salles MJ, Moraes LA, Silva MC: Invasive amebiasis: an update on diagnosis and management. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Oct;5(5):893-901. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Li AQ, Dai N, Yan J, Zhu YL: [Screening for metronidazole-resistance associated gene fragments of Helicobacter pylori by suppression subtractive hybridization.] Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2007 Sep;36(5):465-9. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.