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Identification
Name Quetiapine
Accession Number DB01224 (APRD00675)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

Quetiapine is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia as well as for the treatment of acute manic episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. The antipsychotic effect of quetiapine is thought by some to be mediated through antagonist activity at dopamine and serotonin receptors. Specifically the D1 and D2 dopamine, the alpha 1 adrenoreceptor and alpha 2 adrenoreceptor, and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 serotonin receptor subtypes are antagonized. Quetiapine also has an antagonistic effect on the histamine H1 receptor.
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
Quetiapine fumarate
Quetiapine hemifumarate
Salts Not Available
Brand names
Name Company
Seroquel AstraZeneca
Seroquel XR
Brand mixtures Not Available
Categories
  • Antipsychotics
  • Antipsychotic Agents
CAS number 111974-69-7
Weight Average: 383.507
Monoisotopic: 383.166747749
Chemical Formula C21H25N3O2S
InChI Key InChIKey=URKOMYMAXPYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C21H25N3O2S/c25-14-16-26-15-13-23-9-11-24(12-10-23)21-17-5-1-3-7-19(17)27-20-8-4-2-6-18(20)22-21/h1-8,25H,9-16H2
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
2-[2-(4-{2-thia-9-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0^{3,8}]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,9,12,14-heptaen-10-yl}piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy]ethan-1-ol
SMILES
OCCOCCN1CCN(CC1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C12
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Benzothiazepines
Substructures
  • Ethers
  • Hydroxy Compounds
  • Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
  • Thiazepines
  • Piperazines
  • Benzene and Derivatives
  • Alcohols and Polyols
  • Aliphatic and Aryl Amines
  • Benzothiazepines
  • Heterocyclic compounds
  • Aromatic compounds
  • Carboxamidines
  • Imines
  • Anilines
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders.
Pharmacodynamics Quetiapine is a psychotropic agent belonging to the chemical class of benzisoxazole derivatives and is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. Quetiapine is a selective monoaminergic antagonist with high affinity for the serotonin Type 2 (5HT2), and dopamine type 2 (D2) receptors. Quetiapine is an antagonist at serotonin 5-HT1A and 5HT2, dopamine D1 and D2, histamine H1, and adrenergic alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors. Quetiapine has no significant affinity for cholinergic muscarinic or benzodiazepine receptors. Drowsiness and orthostatic hypotension associated with use of quetiapine may be explained by its antagonism of histamine H1 and adrenergic alpha 1 receptors, respectively. Quetiapine's antagonism of adrenergic a1 receptors may explain the orthostatic hypotension observed with this drug.
Mechanism of action Quetiapine's antipsychotic activity is likely due to a combination of antagonism at D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway and 5HT2A receptors in the frontal cortex. Antagonism at D2 receptors relieves positive symptoms while antagonism at 5HT2A receptors relieves negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Absorption Rapidly and well absorbed.
Volume of distribution
  • 10±4 L/kg
Protein binding 83%
Metabolism Hepatic. The major metabolic pathways are sulfoxidation, mediated by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), and oxidation of the terminal alcohol to a carboxylic acid. The major sulfoxide metabolite of quetiapine is inactive. Quetiapine also undergoes hydroxylation of the dibenzothiazepine ring, O-deakylation, N-dealkylation, and phase II conjugation. The 7-hydroxy and 7-hydroxy- N-delakylated metabolites appear to be active, but are present in very low concentrations.
Route of elimination Elimination of quetiapine is mainly via hepatic metabolism. Following a single oral dose of 14C-quetiapine, less than 1% of the administered dose was excreted as unchanged drug, indicating that quetiapine is highly metabolized. Approximately 73% and 20% of the dose was recovered in the urine and feces, respectively.
Half life 6 hours
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness and sedation, tachycardia, and hypotension.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Astrazeneca pharmaceuticals lp
  • Astrazeneca lp
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 200 mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 25 mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 300 mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 400 mg
Tablet, film coated Oral 50 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 150 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 200 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 300 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 400 mg
Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 50 mg
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Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Seroquel 400 mg tablet 16.71 USD tablet
Seroquel xr 400 mg tablet 14.82 USD tablet
Seroquel 300 mg tablet 14.21 USD tablet
Seroquel xr 300 mg tablet 12.61 USD tablet
Seroquel 200 mg tablet 10.84 USD tablet
SEROquel XR 200 mg 24 Hour tablet 10.0 USD tablet
Seroquel xr 200 mg tablet 9.62 USD tablet
SEROquel XR 150 mg 24 Hour tablet 9.09 USD tablet
Seroquel xr 150 mg tablet 8.74 USD tablet
Seroquel 100 mg tablet 5.75 USD tablet
Seroquel 50 mg tablet 5.5 USD tablet
SEROquel XR 50 mg 24 Hour tablet 5.06 USD tablet
Seroquel xr 50 mg tablet 4.87 USD tablet
Seroquel 300 mg Tablet 4.35 USD tablet
Seroquel 25 mg tablet 3.35 USD tablet
Seroquel 200 mg Tablet 2.98 USD tablet
Apo-Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Co Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Jamp-Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Mylan-Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Novo-Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Pms-Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Ratio-Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Sandoz Quetiapine 300 mg Tablet 2.44 USD tablet
Apo-Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Co Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Jamp-Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Mylan-Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Novo-Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Pms-Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Ratio-Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Sandoz Quetiapine 200 mg Tablet 1.67 USD tablet
Seroquel 100 mg Tablet 1.48 USD tablet
Novo-Quetiapine 150 mg Tablet 1.42 USD tablet
Apo-Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Co Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Jamp-Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Mylan-Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Novo-Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Pms-Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Ratio-Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Sandoz Quetiapine 100 mg Tablet 0.83 USD tablet
Seroquel 25 mg Tablet 0.56 USD tablet
Apo-Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Co Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Jamp-Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Mylan-Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Novo-Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Pms-Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Ratio-Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
Sandoz Quetiapine 25 mg Tablet 0.31 USD tablet
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DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Country Patent Number Approved Expires (estimated)
United States 5948437 1997-11-28 2017-11-28
United States 4879288 1994-09-26 2011-09-26
Canada 2251944 2007-04-10 2017-05-27
Properties
State solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility Moderate Not Available
logP 2.8 Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 4.03e-02 g/l ALOGPS
logP 2.93 ALOGPS
logP 2.81 ChemAxon
logS -4 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest acidic) 15.12 ChemAxon
pKa (strongest basic) 7.06 ChemAxon
physiological charge 1 ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count 5 ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count 1 ChemAxon
polar surface area 48.3 ChemAxon
rotatable bond count 5 ChemAxon
refractivity 114.09 ChemAxon
polarizability 42.78 ChemAxon
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference
  1. Dev V, Raniwalla J: Quetiapine: a review of its safety in the management of schizophrenia. Drug Saf. 2000 Oct;23(4):295-307. Pubmed
  2. Mukaddes NM, Abali O: Quetiapine treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette’s disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2003 Fall;13(3):295-9. Pubmed
  3. Tallerico T, Novak G, Liu IS, Ulpian C, Seeman P: Schizophrenia: elevated mRNA for dopamine D2 receptors in frontal cortex. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2001 Mar 5;87(2):160-5. Pubmed
  4. Urichuk L, Prior TI, Dursun S, Baker G: Metabolism of atypical antipsychotics: involvement of cytochrome p450 enzymes and relevance for drug-drug interactions. Curr Drug Metab. 2008 Jun;9(5):410-8. Pubmed
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Compound C07397 Link_out
PubChem Compound 5002 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46504800 Link_out
ChemSpider 4827 Link_out
ChEBI 8707 Link_out
ChEMBL 8707 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP000001 Link_out
PharmGKB PA451201 Link_out
IUPHAR 50 Link_out
Guide to Pharmacology 50 Link_out
Drug Product Database 2240862 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/quetiap.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/quetiapine.html Link_out
PDRhealth http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/ser1402.shtml Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetiapine Link_out
ATC Codes
  • N05AH04
AHFS Codes
  • 28:16.08.04
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label show (273 KB)
MSDS show (57.1 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Artemether Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Clarithromycin The macrolide, clarithromycin, may increase the effect and toxicity of quetiapine.
Donepezil Possible antagonism of action
Erythromycin The macrolide, erythromycin, may increase the effect and toxicity of quetiapine.
Ethotoin Phenytoin decreases the effect of quetiapine
Fosphenytoin Phenytoin decreases the effect of quetiapine
Galantamine Possible antagonism of action
Ketoconazole Ketoconazole may increase the therapeutic and adverse effects of quetiapine.
Lumefantrine Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Mephenytoin Phenytoin decreases the effect of quetiapine
Phenytoin Phenytoin decreases the effect of quetiapine
Quinupristin This combination presents an increased risk of toxicity
Rivastigmine Possible antagonism of action
Tacrine The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI), Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic/antipsychotic, Quetiapine, may be reduced due to antagonism. This interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. AChEIs may also augment the central neurotoxic effect of antipsychotics. Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms and decreased efficacy of both agents.
Tacrolimus Additive QTc-prolongation may occur increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy should be used with caution.
Telithromycin Telithromycin may reduce clearance of Quetiapine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Quetiapine if Telithromycin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Tetrabenazine May cause dopamine deficiency. Monitor for Tetrabenazine adverse effects.
Thiothixene May cause additive QTc-prolonging effects. Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Consider alternate therapy. Thorough risk:benefit assessment is required prior to co-administration.
Toremifene Additive QTc-prolongation may occur, increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Consider alternate therapy. A thorough risk:benefit assessment is required prior to co-administration.
Trimethobenzamide Trimethobenzamide and Quetiapine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Trimipramine Additive QTc-prolongation may occur, increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy should be used with caution.
Triprolidine Triprolidine and Quetiapine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Additive CNS depressant effects may also occur. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic and CNS depressant effects.
Trospium Trospium and Quetiapine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhanced adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Voriconazole Voriconazole, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of quetiapine by decreasing its metabolism. Additive QTc prolongation may also occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of quetiapine if voriconazole is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Vorinostat Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
Ziprasidone Additive QTc-prolonging effects may increase the risk of severe arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
Zuclopenthixol Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or use caution and monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Take without regard to meals.
Targets

1. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor is involved in tracheal smooth muscle contraction, bronchoconstriction, and control of aldosterone production

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28223 Link_out
Gene: HTR2A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Goldstein JM: Quetiapine fumarate (Seroquel): a new atypical antipsychotic. Drugs Today (Barc). 1999 Mar;35(3):193-210. Pubmed
  2. McIntyre RS, Soczynska JK, Woldeyohannes HO, Alsuwaidan M, Konarski JZ: A preclinical and clinical rationale for quetiapine in mood syndromes. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007 Jun;8(9):1211-9. Pubmed
  3. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  4. Yatham LN, Goldstein JM, Vieta E, Bowden CL, Grunze H, Post RM, Suppes T, Calabrese JR: Atypical antipsychotics in bipolar depression: potential mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66 Suppl 5:40-8. Pubmed
  5. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

2. D(2) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P14416 Link_out
Gene: DRD2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kapur S, Zipursky R, Jones C, Shammi CS, Remington G, Seeman P: A positron emission tomography study of quetiapine in schizophrenia: a preliminary finding of an antipsychotic effect with only transiently high dopamine D2 receptor occupancy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000 Jun;57(6):553-9. Pubmed
  2. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  3. Seeman P: Atypical antipsychotics: mechanism of action. Can J Psychiatry. 2002 Feb;47(1):27-38. Pubmed
  4. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed
  5. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed

3. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08908 Link_out
Gene: HTR1A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Ichikawa J, Li Z, Dai J, Meltzer HY: Atypical antipsychotic drugs, quetiapine, iloperidone, and melperone, preferentially increase dopamine and acetylcholine release in rat medial prefrontal cortex: role of 5-HT1A receptor agonism. Brain Res. 2002 Nov 29;956(2):349-57. Pubmed
  2. McIntyre RS, Soczynska JK, Woldeyohannes HO, Alsuwaidan M, Konarski JZ: A preclinical and clinical rationale for quetiapine in mood syndromes. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007 Jun;8(9):1211-9. Pubmed
  3. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  4. Wood MD, Scott C, Clarke K, Cato KJ, Patel N, Heath J, Worby A, Gordon L, Campbell L, Riley G, Davies CH, Gribble A, Jones DN: Pharmacological profile of antipsychotics at monoamine receptors: atypicality beyond 5-HT2A receptor blockade. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2006 Aug;5(4):445-52. Pubmed
  5. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

4. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: other/unknown

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28222 Link_out
Gene: HTR1B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

5. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: other/unknown

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28221 Link_out
Gene: HTR1D Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

6. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1E receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: other/unknown

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28566 Link_out
Gene: HTR1E Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

7. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28335 Link_out
Gene: HTR2C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

8. 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: other/unknown

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, which when activated causes fast, depolarizing responses in neurons. It is a cation-specific, but otherwise relatively nonselective, ion channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P46098 Link_out
Gene: HTR3A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

9. 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: other/unknown

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. It has a high affinity for tricyclic psychotropic drugs

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P50406 Link_out
Gene: HTR6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

10. 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P34969 Link_out
Gene: HTR7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

11. D(1A) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21728 Link_out
Gene: DRD1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

12. D(1B) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21918 Link_out
Gene: DRD5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

13. D(3) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35462 Link_out
Gene: DRD3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

14. D(4) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21917 Link_out
Gene: DRD4 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

15. Histamine H1 receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35367 Link_out
Gene: HRH1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

16. Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35348 Link_out
Gene: ADRA1A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

17. Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35368 Link_out
Gene: ADRA1B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

18. Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its effect through the influx of extracellular calcium

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P25100 Link_out
Gene: ADRA1D Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed

19. Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08913 Link_out
Gene: ADRA2A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

20. Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is clonidine > norepinephrine > epinephrine = oxymetazoline > dopamine > p-tyramine = phenylephrine > serotonin > p-synephrine / p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > chlorpromazine > phentolamine > mianserine > spiperone > prazosin > alprenolol > propanolol > pindolol

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P18089 Link_out
Gene: ADRA2B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

21. Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P18825 Link_out
Gene: ADRA2C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

22. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P11229 Link_out
Gene: CHRM1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

23. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08172 Link_out
Gene: CHRM2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

24. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P20309 Link_out
Gene: CHRM3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

25. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is inhibition of adenylate cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08173 Link_out
Gene: CHRM4 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed

26. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08912 Link_out
Gene: CHRM5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Richelson E, Souder T: Binding of antipsychotic drugs to human brain receptors focus on newer generation compounds. Life Sci. 2000 Nov 24;68(1):29-39. Pubmed
  2. Nasrallah HA: Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;13(1):27-35. Epub 2007 Sep 11. Pubmed
Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 3A5

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics

UniProt ID: P20815 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.

2. Cytochrome P450 3A7

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics

UniProt ID: P24462 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.

3. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Urichuk L, Prior TI, Dursun S, Baker G: Metabolism of atypical antipsychotics: involvement of cytochrome p450 enzymes and relevance for drug-drug interactions. Curr Drug Metab. 2008 Jun;9(5):410-8. Pubmed
  2. DeVane CL, Nemeroff CB: Clinical pharmacokinetics of quetiapine: an atypical antipsychotic. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2001;40(7):509-22. Pubmed
  3. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.
  4. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

4. Cytochrome P450 2C19

Actions: substrate

Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine

UniProt ID: P33261 Link_out
Gene: CYP2C19 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

5. Cytochrome P450 2D6

Actions: substrate, inhibitor

Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants

UniProt ID: P10635 Link_out
Gene: CYP2D6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed
Transporters

1. Multidrug resistance protein 1

Actions: substrate

Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells

UniProt ID: P08183 Link_out
Gene: ABCB1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Boulton DW, DeVane CL, Liston HL, Markowitz JS: In vitro P-glycoprotein affinity for atypical and conventional antipsychotics. Life Sci. 2002 May 31;71(2):163-9. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 08, 2013 16:20