Cyproterone acetate

Identification

Summary

Cyproterone acetate is a steroid used in combination with ethinyl estradiol to treat women with severe acne and symptoms of androgenization. Also used alone at much higher doses for palliative treatment of patients with prostate cancer

Brand Names
Androcur, Cléo -35, Cyestra-35, Diane
Generic Name
Cyproterone acetate
DrugBank Accession Number
DB04839
Background

An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (cyproterone acetate), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 416.938
Monoisotopic: 416.175437123
Chemical Formula
C24H29ClO4
Synonyms
  • Cyproterone 17-O-acetate
  • Cyproterone acetate
External IDs
  • NSC-81430
  • SH 714
  • SH-714

Pharmacology

Indication

For the palliative treatment of patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Symptomatic treatment ofAdvanced prostate carcinoma••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatMenstrual irregularitiesCombination Product in combination with: Estradiol valerate (DB13956)••••••••••••••••••• ••••••
Symptomatic treatment ofMetastatic prostate carcinoma••••••••••••
Used in combination to preventOsteoporosisCombination Product in combination with: Estradiol (DB00783)••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••
Management ofParaphilia••• •••••
Associated Therapies
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Cyproterone is an antiandrogen. It suppresses the actions of testosterone (and its metabolite dihydrotestosterone) on tissues. It acts by blocking androgen receptors which prevents androgens from binding to them and suppresses luteinizing hormone (which in turn reduces testosterone levels).

Mechanism of action

The direct antiandrogenic effect of cyproterone is blockage of the binding of dihydrotestosterone to the specific receptors in the prostatic carcinoma cell. In addition, cyproterone exerts a negative feed-back on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, by inhibiting the secretion of luteinizing hormone resulting in diminished production of testicular testosterone.

TargetActionsOrganism
AAndrogen receptor
antagonist
Humans
UProstate-specific antigenNot AvailableHumans
Absorption

Completely absorbed following oral administration.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Primarily hepatic. Cyproterone acetate is metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme, forming the active metabolite 15beta-hydroxycyproterone acetate, which retains its antiandrogen activity, but has reduced progestational activity.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

It is excreted approximately 60% in the bile and 33% through the kidneys.

Half-life

Elimination Following oral or intramuscular administration, the plasma half-life is 38 and 96 hours, respectively.

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Cyproterone acetate can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbciximabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyproterone acetate is combined with Abciximab.
AbemaciclibThe metabolism of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Cyproterone acetate.
AcalabrutinibThe metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be decreased when combined with Cyproterone acetate.
AcarboseThe therapeutic efficacy of Acarbose can be decreased when used in combination with Cyproterone acetate.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Take after a meal.

Products

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International/Other Brands
Cyprostat (Bayer)
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AndrocurTablet50 mgOralBayer1987-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
Androcur DepotSolution100 mg / mLIntramuscularBayer1990-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
CyproteroneTablet50 mgOralAa Pharma Inc2004-04-20Not applicableCanada flag
CyproteroneTablet50 mgOralBdh Inc.1998-10-082000-08-03Canada flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Alti-cpaTablet50 mgOralAltimed Pharma Inc.1997-09-222005-05-27Canada flag
Med-cyproteroneTablet50 mgOralGeneric Medical Partners Inc2012-10-02Not applicableCanada flag
Mylan-cyproteroneTablet50 mgOralMylan Pharmaceuticals1997-09-192011-03-04Canada flag
Novo-cyproteroneTablet50 mgOralNovopharm Limited1997-09-172015-10-26Canada flag
Riva-cyproteroneTablet50 mgOralLaboratoire Riva Inc2012-11-28Not applicableCanada flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Alisma Gynial 2 mg/0,035 mg FilmtablettenCyproterone acetate (2 mg) + Ethinylestradiol (0.035 mg)Tablet, film coatedOralGynial Gmb H2020-08-07Not applicableAustria flag
Bellgyn "ratiopharm" 2 mg/ 0,035 mg - überzogene TablettenCyproterone acetate (2 mg) + Ethinylestradiol (0.035 mg)Tablet, coatedOralTeva B.V.2004-03-29Not applicableAustria flag
BENAKLIN®Cyproterone acetate (2 mg) + Ethinylestradiol (0.035 mg)Tablet, coatedOralMEGALABS COLOMBIA S.A.S.2019-05-17Not applicableColombia flag
Cléo -35Cyproterone acetate (2 mg) + Ethinylestradiol (0.035 mg)TabletOralAltius Healthcare Inc2015-10-30Not applicableCanada flag
CLIMENCyproterone acetate (1 mg) + Estradiol valerate (2 MG) + Estradiol valerate (2 mg)Kit; Tablet, coatedOralBayer S.P.A.2014-07-08Not applicableItaly flag

Categories

ATC Codes
G03HB01 — Cyproterone and estrogenG03HA01 — Cyproterone
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure based on a hydroxylated prostane moiety.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Steroids and steroid derivatives
Sub Class
Pregnane steroids
Direct Parent
Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Steroid esters / 20-oxosteroids / Halogenated steroids / 3-oxosteroids / Cyclohexenones / Alpha-acyloxy ketones / Carboxylic acid esters / Vinyl chlorides / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Chloroalkenes
show 3 more
Substituents
20-oxosteroid / 3-oxosteroid / 6-halo-steroid / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Alpha-acyloxy ketone / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Carboxylic acid ester / Chloroalkene / Cyclohexenone
show 15 more
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
acetate ester, 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid, steroid ester, 20-oxo steroid, chlorinated steroid (CHEBI:50743)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
4KM2BN5JHF
CAS number
427-51-0
InChI Key
UWFYSQMTEOIJJG-FDTZYFLXSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C24H29ClO4/c1-12(26)24(29-13(2)27)8-6-16-14-10-20(25)19-11-21(28)15-9-18(15)23(19,4)17(14)5-7-22(16,24)3/h10-11,14-18H,5-9H2,1-4H3/t14-,15+,16-,17-,18-,22-,23-,24-/m0/s1
IUPAC Name
(1S,2S,3S,5R,11R,12S,15R,16S)-15-acetyl-9-chloro-2,16-dimethyl-6-oxopentacyclo[9.7.0.0^{2,8}.0^{3,5}.0^{12,16}]octadeca-7,9-dien-15-yl acetate
SMILES
[H][C@@]12C[C@]1([H])[C@@]1(C)C(=CC2=O)C(Cl)=C[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC[C@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)[C@@]3(C)CC[C@]12[H]

References

Synthesis Reference

Aranya Manosroi, "Synthesis of cyproterone acetate." U.S. Patent US20040024230, issued February 05, 2004.

US20040024230
General References
  1. Giorgi EP, Shirley IM, Grant JK, Stewart JC: Androgen dynamics in vitro in the human prostate gland. Effect of cyproterone and cyproterone acetate. Biochem J. 1973 Mar;132(3):465-74. [Article]
  2. Pham-Huu-Trung MT, de Smitter N, Bogyo A, Girard F: Effects of cyproterone acetate on adrenal steroidogenesis in vitro. Horm Res. 1984;20(2):108-15. [Article]
  3. Stadtler FA, Langner V: The effect of cyproterone and gonadotrophins on the adrenal gland of juvenile and adult rats. A morphological and morphometrical study. Pathol Res Pract. 1985 Mar;179(4-5):493-8. [Article]
  4. Honer C, Nam K, Fink C, Marshall P, Ksander G, Chatelain RE, Cornell W, Steele R, Schweitzer R, Schumacher C: Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism by cyproterone acetate and RU486. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 May;63(5):1012-20. [Article]
  5. Holdaway IM, Croxson MS, Evans MC, France J, Sheehan A, Wilson T, Ibbertson HK: Effect of cyproterone acetate on glucocorticoid secretion in patients treated for hirsutism. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1983 Oct;104(2):222-6. [Article]
KEGG Drug
D01368
PubChem Compound
9880
PubChem Substance
46506931
ChemSpider
9496
BindingDB
50094569
RxNav
22054
ChEBI
50743
ChEMBL
CHEMBL139835
ZINC
ZINC000003814423
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000906
PharmGKB
PA10049
PDBe Ligand
CA4
Wikipedia
Cyproterone_acetate
PDB Entries
2oz7

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedBasic ScienceTranssexualism1
4CompletedTreatmentAcne Vulgaris1
4CompletedTreatmentObesity / Overweight / Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)1
4CompletedTreatmentPolycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)2
4Unknown StatusBasic ScienceGender Dysphoria1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
TabletOral
Injection, suspension, extended releaseIntramuscular300 MG/3ML
TabletOral50.000 mg
TabletOral10 mg
SolutionIntramuscular100 mg / mL
SolutionParenteral300 mg
Injection, solutionParenteral
Tablet, film coatedOral50 mg
Injection, solutionIntramuscular
Tablet, coatedOral
Kit; tablet, coatedOral
TabletOral100 MG
Tablet, delayed releaseOral
Tablet, film coatedOral2 mg
Tablet, sugar coatedOral
Capsule, liquid filledOral
Tablet, film coatedOral
TabletOral50 mg
TabletOral
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)200-201Wiechert, R.; U S . Patent 3,234,093; February 8, 1966; assigned to Schering AG, Germany.
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.00152 mg/mLALOGPS
logP3.81ALOGPS
logP3.64Chemaxon
logS-5.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)17.83Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-5.6Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area60.44 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count3Chemaxon
Refractivity111.81 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability44.64 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings5Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+1.0
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9673
Caco-2 permeable+0.7033
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.7292
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IInhibitor0.5265
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9016
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8036
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.7834
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.8944
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.7229
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8951
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.737
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8309
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.8919
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.7067
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.926
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable1.0
Rat acute toxicity1.8261 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9704
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.6939
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9211100001-d28e5fdc8591481f22f9
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-01t9-3971000000-1dfca0904cf6f0055e70
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00kk-0009200000-d8b675687262864679f4
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-066r-3002900000-23c8c1a24fae8c4eb7db
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00kr-0096200000-1edae86803324da4581c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-4009100000-7467439226b01eda5992
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0793100000-26e96844bd18b3ff19e5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9001000000-8c734a8f27b36573fc42
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-203.1436992
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-190.35492
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+203.6893992
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+192.25032
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+204.0377992
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+197.92232
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription ...
Gene Name
AR
Uniprot ID
P10275
Uniprot Name
Androgen receptor
Molecular Weight
98987.9 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Agoulnik IU, Weigel NL: Coactivator selective regulation of androgen receptor activity. Steroids. 2009 Aug;74(8):669-74. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.02.007. Epub 2009 Mar 9. [Article]
  4. Cabeza M, Flores M, Bratoeff E, de la Pena A, Mendez E, Ceballos G: Intracellular Ca2+ stimulates the binding to androgen receptors in platelets. Steroids. 2004 Oct-Nov;69(11-12):767-72. [Article]
  5. Sonneveld E, Jansen HJ, Riteco JA, Brouwer A, van der Burg B: Development of androgen- and estrogen-responsive bioassays, members of a panel of human cell line-based highly selective steroid-responsive bioassays. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jan;83(1):136-48. Epub 2004 Oct 13. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Hydrolyzes semenogelin-1 thus leading to the liquefaction of the seminal coagulum.
Specific Function
Endopeptidase activity
Gene Name
KLK3
Uniprot ID
P07288
Uniprot Name
Prostate-specific antigen
Molecular Weight
28741.1 Da
References
  1. Kang Z, Janne OA, Palvimo JJ: Coregulator recruitment and histone modifications in transcriptional regulation by the androgen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Nov;18(11):2633-48. Epub 2004 Aug 12. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Binkowska M, Woron J: Progestogens in menopausal hormone therapy. Prz Menopauzalny. 2015 Jun;14(2):134-43. doi: 10.5114/pm.2015.52154. Epub 2015 Jun 22. [Article]
  2. NHS [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Oxygen binding
Specific Function
Catalyzes the formation of aromatic C18 estrogens from C19 androgens.
Gene Name
CYP19A1
Uniprot ID
P11511
Uniprot Name
Aromatase
Molecular Weight
57882.48 Da
References
  1. Karolczak M, Kuppers E, Beyer C: Developmental expression and regulation of aromatase- and 5alpha-reductase type I mRNA in the male and female mouse hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol. 1998 Apr;10(4):267-74. [Article]

Drug created at September 26, 2007 15:23 / Updated at March 18, 2024 16:48