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Showing drug card for Phenylpropanolamine (DB00397)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-04-16 16:47:40
Primary Accession Number DB00397
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00457
Name Phenylpropanolamine
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
  • Withdrawn
Description Phenylpropanolamine has been withdrawn in Canada. In November 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a public health advisory against the use of the drug.
Synonyms
  1. (+-)-Phenylpropanolamine
  2. (+/-)-Norephedrin
  3. PPA
Brand Names
  1. Acutrim
  2. Ami-Tex
  3. Codimal
  4. Conex
  5. Contuss
  6. Despec
  7. Dexatrim
  8. Dura-Vent
  9. Entex
  10. Gentab
  11. Guaipax
  12. Myminic
  13. Naldecon
  14. Nolex
  15. Partuss
  16. Phenoxine
  17. Phenyldrine
  18. Phenylfenesin
  19. Propagest
  20. Rhindecon
  21. Rhymed
  22. Snaplets
  23. Triaminic
  24. ULR
  25. Vanex
Brand Mixtures
  1. Alka Seltzer Plus Cold Medicine Evt (Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Bitartrate)
  2. Alka-Seltzer Plus Cold Medicine - Evt (Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Bitartrate)
  3. Antitussive Decong Antihistamine Syr (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  4. Bronchodex D Cap (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  5. Bronchosirum Pour Enfants (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  6. Caldomine Dh Adulte (Hydrocodone Bitartrate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  7. Caldomine Dh Enfant (Hydrocodone Bitartrate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  8. Centracol DM - Syr (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  9. Chlor Tripolon Decongest Syr (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  10. Cold & Allergy (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  11. Cold & Allergy Relief - Liq (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  12. Cold Decongestant Long Acting Cap (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  13. Cold Relief (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  14. Cold Relief DM (Brompheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  15. Coltalin Tablet (Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  16. Contac Cold Capsules (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  17. Contac Cold Extra Strength Capsules (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  18. Contac Cough Cold and Flu Caplets (Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  19. Contact C Src (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  20. Coricidin D Long Acting Tab (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  21. Coricidin D Tab (Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  22. Coricidin Nd Tab (Acetylsalicylic Acid + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  23. Coricidin Sinus Headache Tab (Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  24. Corsym Suspension (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  25. Cough, Cold & Allergy Relief (Brompheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  26. Counteract Sinus and Allergy (Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  27. Decongestant Antihistaminic Syrup (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  28. Dilotab (Acetaminophen + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  29. Dimetane Expectorant Liq (Brompheniramine Maleate + Guaifenesin + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  30. Dimetane Expectorant-C Syr (Brompheniramine Maleate + Codeine Phosphate + Guaifenesin + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  31. Dimetane Expectorant-Dc Syr (Brompheniramine Maleate + Guaifenesin + Hydrocodone Bitartrate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  32. Dimetapp Chewable Tablets (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  33. Dimetapp Children's Cold & Allergy Tablets (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  34. Dimetapp Children's Cold & Fever (Acetaminophen + Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  35. Dimetapp Clear (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  36. Dimetapp Cold & Sinus (Acetaminophen + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  37. Dimetapp Cough & Cold Liqui-Gels - Cap (Brompheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  38. Dimetapp Cough, Cold & Flu (Acetaminophen + Brompheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  39. Dimetapp DM Elixir (Brompheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  40. Dimetapp DM Tab (Brompheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  41. Dimetapp Elixir (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  42. Dimetapp Extentabs (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  43. Dimetapp Liqui-Gels Cap (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  44. Dimetapp Oral Infant Drops (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  45. Dimetapp Tab (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  46. Dimetapp-C Syr (Brompheniramine Maleate + Codeine Phosphate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  47. Dristan Capsules (Acetylsalicylic Acid + Caffeine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  48. Emercidin D Tab (Acetaminophen + Caffeine + Diphenylpyraline Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  49. Emertabs Tab (Acetaminophen + Caffeine + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  50. Entex La (Guaifenesin + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  51. Entex La Tablets Srt (Guaifenesin + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  52. Extra Strength Contac C - Src (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  53. Oradrine 2 Tab (Acetaminophen + Caffeine + Diphenylpyraline Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  54. Oradrine Tablets (Acetaminophen + Caffeine + Codeine Phosphate + Diphenylpyraline Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  55. Oradrine-2 Tab (Acetaminophen + Caffeine + Diphenylpyraline Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  56. Ornade Af Liquid (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  57. Ornade Af Spansule Src (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  58. Ornade DM 10 Liq (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  59. Ornade DM 15 Liq (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  60. Ornade DM 30 Liq (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  61. Ornade Expectorant Cough Formula (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Guaifenesin + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  62. Ornade Liquid (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  63. Ornade Spansule Src (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  64. Pharmacol DM Syr (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  65. Pharmetapp Elixir (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  66. Pharminicol DM Syrup (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  67. Sine Off Nd Extra Strength Caplet (Acetaminophen + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  68. Sine-Off Allergy Tab (Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  69. Sine-Off N.D. Tab (Acetaminophen + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  70. Sine-Off N.D. Tablet (Acetaminophen + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  71. Sinutab Sa Tab (Acetaminophen + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Phenyltoloxamine Citrate)
  72. Tantacol DM Syr (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  73. Tantapp Elixir (Brompheniramine Maleate + Phenylephrine Hydrochloride + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  74. Tavist-D Tablets (Clemastine (Clemastine Hydrogen Fumarate) + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  75. Tri-Anamine Cold Syrup (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  76. Tri-Anamine Expect Antihist Decong Syrup (Guaifenesin + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  77. Triaminic Cold and Allergy Syrup (Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  78. Triaminic DM Daytime Syr (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Guaifenesin + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride)
  79. Triaminic Expectorant Dh Syrup (Guaifenesin + Hydrocodone Bitartrate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  80. Triaminic Time Release Tab (Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  81. Triaminicin Colds & Flu Caplets (Acetaminophen + Caffeine + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  82. Trisulfaminic Sus (Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate + Sulfadiazine + Sulfamerazine + Sulfamethazine)
  83. Trisulfaminic Tab (Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate + Sulfadiazine + Sulfamerazine + Sulfamethazine)
  84. Tussaminic C Forte Syrup (Codeine Phosphate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  85. Tussaminic C Pediatric Syrup (Codeine Phosphate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  86. Tussaminic DH Pediatric Syrup (Hydrocodone Bitartrate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
  87. Tussaminic Dh Forte Syrup (Hydrocodone Bitartrate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride + Pyrilamine Maleate)
Chemical IUPAC Name (1S,2R)-2-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol
Chemical Formula C9H13NO
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 14838-15-4
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C9H13NO/c1-7(10)9(11)8-5-3-2-4-6-8/h2-7,9,11H,10H2,1H3/t7-,9-/m1/s1
InChI Key DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-VXNVDRBHBW
KEGG Drug Not Available
KEGG Compound C07911 Link Image
PubChem Compound 26934 Link Image
PubChem Substance 10113 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
PharmGKB ID PA450941 Link Image
HET ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 02247031 Link Image
RxList Link Not Available
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylpropanolamine Link Image
FDA Label Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Vanderbitle, Hass, Ind. Eng. Chem. 32, 34 (1940)
Average Molecular Weight 151.2056
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 151.0997
State Solid
Melting Point 190-194 oC
Experimental Water Solubility Freely soluble Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 2.06e+01 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity 1 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP 0.57 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -0.87 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point 9.44
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES C[C@@H](N)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1
Canonical SMILES CC(N)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1
Drug Category
  • Adrenergic alpha-Agonists
  • Appetite Depressants
  • Nasal Decongestants
  • Sympathomimetics
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes Not Available
Indication For the treatment of nasal congestion, control of urinary incontinence, priapism and obesity.
Pharmacology Phenylpropanolamine (PPA), a sympathomimetic agent structurally similar to pseudoephedrine, is used to treat nasal congestion. Phenylpropanolamine is found in appetite suppressant formulations and with guaifenesinin in cough-cold formulations. In 2000, the FDA requested that all drug companies discontinue marketing products containing phenylpropanolamine, due to an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke in women who used phenylpropanolamine.
Mechanism of Action Phenylpropanolamine acts directly on alpha- and, to a lesser degree, beta-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract. Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors produces vasoconstriction, reduces tissue hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion, and increases nasal airway patency. PPA indirectly stimulates beta-receptors, producing tachycardia and a positive inotropic effect.
Absorption Reduced bioavailability (about 38%) from gastrointestinal tract because of first pass metabolism by monoamine oxidase in the stomach and liver.
Toxicity May induce ventricular extrasystoles and short paroxysms of ventricular tachycardia, a sensation of fullness in the head and tingling of the extremities; LD50=1490mg/kg (orally in rat)
Protein Binding Not Available
Biotransformation Hepatic
Half Life 2.1 to 3.4 hours.
Dosage Forms Not Available
Patient Information Show Link Image
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Acetophenazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Alseroxylon Increased arterial pressure
Amitriptyline The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Amoxapine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Bromocriptine The sympathomimetic increases the toxicity of bromocriptine
Chlorpromazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Clomipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Deserpidine Increased arterial pressure
Desipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Doxepin The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Ethopropazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Fluoxetine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Fluphenazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Fluvoxamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Guanethidine The agent decreases the effect of guanethidine
Imipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Isocarboxazid Increased arterial pressure
Linezolid Possible increase of arterial pressure
Mesoridazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Methdilazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Methotrimeprazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Methyldopa Increased arterial pressure
Midodrine Increased arterial pressure
Moclobemide Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effect
Nortriptyline The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Pargyline Increased arterial pressure
Paroxetine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Perphenazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Phenelzine Increased arterial pressure
Prochlorperazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Promazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Promethazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Propericiazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Propiomazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Protriptyline The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Rasagiline Increased arterial pressure
Reserpine Increased arterial pressure
Thiethylperazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Thioridazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Tranylcypromine Increased arterial pressure
Trifluoperazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Triflupromazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Trimeprazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Trimipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effect
Venlafaxine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
Food Interactions
  • Limit caffeine intake.
  • Take without regard to meals.
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Drugs.com Link Image
  2. Wikipedia Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)
Targets
  1. Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor
  2. Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name MAOA
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID P21397 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >sp|P21397|AOFA_HUMAN Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] 
MENQEKASIAGHMFDVVVIGGGISGLSAAKLLTEYGVSVLVLEARDRVGGRTYTIRNEHV
DYVDVGGAYVGPTQNRILRLSKELGIETYKVNVSERLVQYVKGKTYPFRGAFPPVWNPIA
YLDYNNLWRTIDNMGKEIPTDAPWEAQHADKWDKMTMKELIDKICWTKTARRFAYLFVNI
NVTSEPHEVSALWFLWYVKQCGGTTRIFSVTNGGQERKFVGGSGQVSERIMDLLGDQVKL
NHPVTHVDQSSDNIIIETLNHEHYECKYVINAIPPTLTAKIHFRPELPAERNQLIQRLPM
GAVIKCMMYYKEAFWKKKDYCGCMIIEDEDAPISITLDDTKPDGSLPAIMGFILARKADR
LAKLHKEIRKKKICELYAKVLGSQEALHPVHYEEKNWCEEQYSGGCYTAYFPPGIMTQYG
RVIRQPVGRIFFAGTETATKWSGYMEGAVEAGERAAREVLNGLGKVTEKDIWVQEPESKD
VPAVEITHTFWERNLPSVSGLLKIIGFSTSVTALGFVLYKYKLLPRS
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 318
Target 1 Name Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C10
  2. Alpha-2A adrenoceptor
  3. Alpha-2A adrenoreceptor
  4. Alpha-2AAR
Target 1 Gene Name ADRA2A
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor 
MGSLQPDAGNASWNGTEAPGGGARATPYSLQVTLTLVCLAGLLMLLTVFGNVLVIIAVFT
SRALKAPQNLFLVSLASADILVATLVIPFSLANEVMGYWYFGKAWCEIYLALDVLFCTSS
IVHLCAISLDRYWSITQAIEYNLKRTPRRIKAIIITVWVISAVISFPPLISIEKKGGGGG
PQPAEPRCEINDQKWYVISSCIGSFFAPCLIMILVYVRIYQIAKRRTRVPPSRRGPDAVA
APPGGTERRPNGLGPERSAGPGGAEAEPLPTQLNGAPGEPAPAGPRDTDALDLEESSSSD
HAERPPGPRRPERGPRGKGKARASQVKPGDSLPRRGPGATGIGTPAAGPGEERVGAAKAS
RWRGRQNREKRFTFVLAVVIGVFVVCWFPFFFTYTLTAVGCSVPRTLFKFFFWFGYCNSS
LNPVIYTIFNHDFRRAFKKILCRGDRKRIV
Target 1 Number of Residues 457
Target 1 Molecular Weight 48957
Target 1 Theoretical pI 10.20
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
rhodopsin-like receptor activity
amine receptor activity
adrenoceptor activity
alpha-adrenergic receptor activity
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Component
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 1 General Function Involved in alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity
Target 1 Specific Function Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • 34-59
  • 71-96
  • 107-129
  • 150-173
  • 193-217
  • 375-399
  • 407-430
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 178196 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P08913 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADA2A_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1HOF Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein
Target 1 Gene Sequence >1353 bp 
ATGGGCTCCCTGCAGCCGGACGCGGGCAACGCGAGCTGGAACGGGACCGAGGCGCCGGGG
GGCGGCGCCCGGGCCACCCCTTACTCCCTGCAGGTGACGCTGACGCTGGTGTGCCTGGCC
GGCCTGCTCATGCTGCTCACCGTGTTCGGCAACGTGCTCGTCATCATCGCCGTGTTCACG
AGCCGCGCGCTCAAGGCGCCCCAAAACCTCTTCCTGGTGTCTCTGGCCTCGGCCGACATC
CTGGTGGCCACGCTCGTCATCCCTTTCTCGCTGGCCAACGAGGTCATGGGCTACTGGTAC
TTCGGCAAGGCTTGGTGCGAGATCTACCTGGCGCTCGACGTGCTCTTCTGCACGTCGTCC
ATCGTGCACCTGTGCGCCATCAGCCTGGACCGCTACTGGTCCATCACACAGGCCATCGAG
TACAACCTGAAGCGCACGCCGCGCCGCATCAAGGCCATCATCATCACCGTGTGGGTCATC
TCGGCCGTCATCTCCTTCCCGCCGCTCATCTCCATCGAGAAGAAGGGCGGCGGCGGCGGC
CCGCAGCCGGCCGAGCCGCGCTGCGAGATCAACGACCAGAAGTGGTACGTCATCTCGTCG
TGCATCGGCTCCTTCTTCGCTCCCTGCCTCATCATGATCCTGGTCTACGTGCGCATCTAC
CAGATCGCCAAGCGTCGCACCCGCGTGCCACCCAGCCGCCGGGGTCCGGACGCCGTCGCC
GCGCCGCCGGGGGGCACCGAGCGCAGGCCCAACGGTCTGGGCCCCGAGCGCAGCGCGGGC
CCGGGGGGCGCAGAGGCCGAACCGCTGCCCACCCAGCTCAACGGCGCCCCTGGCGAGCCC
GCGCCGGCCGGGCCGCGCGACACCGACGCGCTGGACCTGGAGGAGAGCTCGTCTTCCGAC
CACGCCGAGCGGCCTCCAGGGCCCCGCAGACCCGAGCGCGGTCCCCGGGGCAAAGGCAAG
GCCCGAGCGAGCCAGGTGAAGCCGGGCGACAGCCTGCGCGGCGCGGGCCGGGGGCGACGG
GGATCGGGACGCCGGCTGCAGGGCCGGGGGAGGAGCGCGTCGGGGCTGCCAAGGCGTCGC
GCTGGCGCGGGCGGGCAGAACCGCGAGAAGCGCTTCACGTTCGTGCTGGCCGTGGTCATC
GGAGTGTTCGTGGTGTGCTGGTTCCCCTTCTTCTTCACCTACACGCTCACGGCCGTCGGG
TGCTCCGTGCCACGCACGCTCTTCAAATTCTTCTTCTGGTTCGGCTACTGCAACAGCTCG
TTGAACCCGGTCATCTACACCATCTTCAACCACGATTTCCGCCGCGCCTTCAAGAAGATC
CTCTGTCGGGGGGACAGGAAGCGGATCGTGTGA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID ADRA2A Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID ADRA2A Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:281 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location 10
Target 1 Locus 10q24-q26
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Chung DA, Zuiderweg ER, Fowler CB, Soyer OS, Mosberg HI, Neubig RR: NMR structure of the second intracellular loop of the alpha 2A adrenergic receptor: evidence for a novel cytoplasmic helix. Biochemistry. 2002 Mar 19;41(11):3596-604. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Suryanarayana S, Daunt DA, Von Zastrow M, Kobilka BK: A point mutation in the seventh hydrophobic domain of the alpha 2 adrenergic receptor increases its affinity for a family of beta receptor antagonists. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 15;266(23):15488-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Wang CD, Buck MA, Fraser CM: Site-directed mutagenesis of alpha 2A-adrenergic receptors: identification of amino acids involved in ligand binding and receptor activation by agonists. Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Aug;40(2):168-79. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Chhajlani V, Rangel N, Uhlen S, Wikberg JE: Identification of an additional gene belonging to the alpha 2 adrenergic receptor family in the human genome by PCR. FEBS Lett. 1991 Mar 25;280(2):241-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Guyer CA, Horstman DA, Wilson AL, Clark JD, Cragoe EJ Jr, Limbird LE: Cloning, sequencing, and expression of the gene encoding the porcine alpha 2-adrenergic receptor. Allosteric modulation by Na+, H+, and amiloride analogs. J Biol Chem. 1990 Oct 5;265(28):17307-17. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Fraser CM, Arakawa S, McCombie WR, Venter JC: Cloning, sequence analysis, and permanent expression of a human alpha 2-adrenergic receptor in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Evidence for independent pathways of receptor coupling to adenylate cyclase attenuation and activation. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 15;264(20):11754-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Kobilka BK, Matsui H, Kobilka TS, Yang-Feng TL, Francke U, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ, Regan JW: Cloning, sequencing, and expression of the gene coding for the human platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptor. Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):650-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 556
Target 2 Name Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. Alpha 1A- adrenoreceptor
  2. Alpha 1A-adrenoceptor
  3. Alpha adrenergic receptor 1c
  4. Alpha-1C adrenergic receptor
Target 2 Gene Name ADRA1A
Target 2 Protein Sequence >Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor 
MVFLSGNASDSSNCTQPPAPVNISKAILLGVILGGLILFGVLGNILVILSVACHRHLHSV
THYYIVNLAVADLLLTSTVLPFSAIFEVLGYWAFGRVFCNIWAAVDVLCCTASIMGLCII
SIDRYIGVSYPLRYPTIVTQRRGLMALLCVWALSLVISIGPLFGWRQPAPEDETICQINE
EPGYVLFSALGSFYLPLAIILVMYCRVYVVAKRESRGLKSGLKTDKSDSEQVTLRIHRKN
APAGGSGMASAKTKTHFSVRLLKFSREKKAAKTLGIVVGCFVLCWLPFFLVMPIGSFFPD
FKPSETVFKIVFWLGYLNSCINPIIYPCSSQEFKKAFQNVLRIQCLCRKQSSKHALGYTL
HPPSQAVEGQHKDMVRIPVGSRETFYRISKTDGVCEWKFFSSMPRGSARITVSKDQSSCT
TARVRSKSFLQVCCCVGPSTPSLDKNHQVPTIKVHTISLSENGEEV
Target 2 Number of Residues 473
Target 2 Molecular Weight 51487
Target 2 Theoretical pI 9.23
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
rhodopsin-like receptor activity
amine receptor activity
adrenoceptor activity
alpha-adrenergic receptor activity
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Component
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 2 General Function Involved in alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity
Target 2 Specific Function This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • None
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • 28-51
  • 65-88
  • 100-122
  • 144-167
  • 182-205
  • 274-297
  • 306-329
Target 2 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 433201 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P35348 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADA1A_HUMAN Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID Not Available
Target 2 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein
Target 2 Gene Sequence >1401 bp 
ATGGTGTTTCTCTCGGGAAATGCTTCCGACAGCTCCAACTGCACCCAACCGCCGGCACCG
GTGAACATTTCCAAGGCCATTCTGCTCGGGGTGATCTTGGGGGGCCTCATTCTTTTCGGG
GTGCTGGGTAACATCCTAGTGATCCTCTCCGTAGCCTGTCACCGACACCTGCACTCAGTC
ACGCACTACTACATCGTCAACCTGGCGGTGGCCGACCTCCTGCTCACCTCCACGGTGCTG
CCCTTCTCCGCCATCTTCGAGGTCCTAGGCTACTGGGCCTTCGGCAGGGTCTTCTGCAAC
ATCTGGGCGGCAGTGGATGTGCTGTGCTGCACCGCGTCCATCATGGGCCTCTGCATCATC
TCCATCGACCGCTACATCGGCGTGAGCTACCCGCTGCGCTACCCAACCATCGTCACCCAG
AGGAGGGGTCTCATGGCTCTGCTCTGCGTCTGGGCACTCTCCCTGGTCATATCCATTGGA
CCCCTGTTCGGCTGGAGGCAGCCGGCCCCCGAGGACGAGACCATCTGCCAGATCAACGAG
GAGCCGGGCTACGTGCTCTTCTCAGCGCTGGGCTCCTTCTACCTGCCTCTGGCCATCATC
CTGGTCATGTACTGCCGCGTCTACGTGGTGGCCAAGAGGGAGAGCCGGGGCCTCAAGTCT
GGCCTCAAGACCGACAAGTCGGACTCGGAGCAAGTGACGCTCCGCATCCATCGGAAAAAC
GCCCCGGCAGGAGGCAGCGGGATGGCCAGCGCCAAGACCAAGACGCACTTCTCAGTGAGG
CTCCTCAAGTTCTCCCGGGAGAAGAAAGCGGCCAAAACGCTGGGCATCGTGGTCGGCTGC
TTCGTCCTCTGCTGGCTGCCTTTTTTCTTAGTCATGCCCATTGGGTCTTTCTTCCCTGAT
TTCAAGCCCTCTGAAACAGTTTTTAAAATAGTATTTTGGCTCGGATATCTAAACAGCTGC
ATCAACCCCATCATATACCCATGCTCCAGCCAAGAGTTCAAAAAGGCCTTTCAGAATGTC
TTGAGAATCCAGTGTCTCCGCAGAAAGCAGTCTTCCAAACATGCCCTGGGCTACACCCTG
CACCCGCCCAGCCAGGCCGTGGAAGGGCAACACAAGGACATGGTGCGCATCCCCGTGGGA
TCAAGAGAGACCTTCTACAGGATCTCCAAGACGGATGGCGTTTGTGAATGGAAATTTTTC
TCTTCCATGCCCCGTGGATCTGCCAGGATTACAGTGTCCAAAGACCAATCCTCCTGTACC
ACAGCCCGGGTGAGAAGTAAAAGCTTTTTGGAGGTCTGCTGCTGTGTAGGGCCCTCAACC
CCCAGCCTTGACAAGAACCATCAAGTTCCAACCATTAAGGTCCACACCATCTCCCTCAGT
GAGAACGGGGAGGAAGTCTAG
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID ADRA1A Link Image
Target 2 GenAtlas ID ADRA1A Link Image
Target 2 HGNC ID HGNC:277 Link Image
Target 2 Chromosome Location 8
Target 2 Locus 8p21-p11.2
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Hirasawa A, Shibata K, Horie K, Takei Y, Obika K, Tanaka T, Muramoto N, Takagaki K, Yano J, Tsujimoto G: Cloning, functional expression and tissue distribution of human alpha 1c-adrenoceptor splice variants. FEBS Lett. 1995 Apr 24;363(3):256-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Schwinn DA, Johnston GI, Page SO, Mosley MJ, Wilson KH, Worman NP, Campbell S, Fidock MD, Furness LM, Parry-Smith DJ, et al.: Cloning and pharmacological characterization of human alpha-1 adrenergic receptors: sequence corrections and direct comparison with other species homologues. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1995 Jan;272(1):134-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Weinberg DH, Trivedi P, Tan CP, Mitra S, Perkins-Barrow A, Borkowski D, Strader CD, Bayne M: Cloning, expression and characterization of human alpha adrenergic receptors alpha 1a, alpha 1b and alpha 1c. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jun 30;201(3):1296-304. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Forray C, Bard JA, Wetzel JM, Chiu G, Shapiro E, Tang R, Lepor H, Hartig PR, Weinshank RL, Branchek TA, et al.: The alpha 1-adrenergic receptor that mediates smooth muscle contraction in human prostate has the pharmacological properties of the cloned human alpha 1c subtype. Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Apr;45(4):703-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hirasawa A, Horie K, Tanaka T, Takagaki K, Murai M, Yano J, Tsujimoto G: Cloning, functional expression and tissue distribution of human cDNA for the alpha 1C-adrenergic receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Sep 15;195(2):902-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Tseng-Crank J, Kost T, Goetz A, Hazum S, Roberson KM, Haizlip J, Godinot N, Robertson CN, Saussy D: The alpha 1C-adrenoceptor in human prostate: cloning, functional expression, and localization to specific prostatic cell types. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Aug;115(8):1475-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Chang DJ, Chang TK, Yamanishi SS, Salazar FH, Kosaka AH, Khare R, Bhakta S, Jasper JR, Shieh IS, Lesnick JD, Ford AP, Daniels DV, Eglen RM, Clarke DE, Bach C, Chan HW: Molecular cloning, genomic characterization and expression of novel human alpha1A-adrenoceptor isoforms. FEBS Lett. 1998 Jan 30;422(2):279-83. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Buckner SA, Milicic I, Daza AV, Meyer MD, Altenbach RJ, Williams M, Sullivan JP, Brioni JD: ABT-866, a novel alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor agonist with antagonist properties at the alpha(1B)- and alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor subtypes. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Aug 2;449(1-2):159-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Altenbach RJ, Khilevich A, Kolasa T, Rohde JJ, Bhatia PA, Patel MV, Searle XB, Yang F, Bunnelle WH, Tietje K, Bayburt EK, Carroll WA, Meyer MD, Henry R, Buckner SA, Kuk J, Daza AV, Milicic IV, Cain JC, Kang CH, Ireland LM, Carr TL, Miller TR, Hancock AA, Nakane M, Esbenshade TA, Brune ME, O'Neill AB, Gauvin DM, Katwala SP, Holladay MW, Brioni JD, Sullivan JP: Synthesis and structure-activity studies on N-[5-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenyl]methanesulfonami de, an imidazole-containing alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor agonist. J Med Chem. 2004 Jun 3;47(12):3220-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Wellman PJ, McMahon LR, Green T, Tole A: Effects of the alpha 1a-adrenoceptor antagonist RS-17053 on phenylpropanolamine-induced anorexia in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 May-Jun;57(1-2):281-4. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.