| Version |
2.5 |
| Creation Date |
2005-06-13 13:24:05 |
| Update Date |
2009-06-23 18:08:16 |
| Primary Accession Number |
DB00784 |
| Secondary Accession Number |
|
| Name |
Mefenamic acid |
| Drug Type |
|
| Description |
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase. [PubChem] |
| Synonyms |
- Acide Mefenamique
- Mefanamic Acid
- Mefenacid
- Mefenaminsaeure
- Mephenamic Acid
- Mephenaminic Acid
- Methenamic Acid
|
| Brand Names |
- Bafameritin-M
- Bafhameritin-M
- Bonabol
- Coslan
- HL 1
- In-M
- Lysalgo
- Mefacit
- Namphen
- Parkemed
- Ponalar
- Ponstan
- Ponstan Forte
- Ponstel
- Ponstil
- Ponstyl
- Pontal
- Tamany Bonsan
- Tanston
- Vialidon
|
| Brand Mixtures |
Not Available |
| Chemical IUPAC Name |
2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino]benzoic acid |
| Chemical Formula |
C15H15NO2 |
| Chemical Structure |
 |
| CAS Registry Number |
61-68-7 |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1/C15H15NO2/c1-10-6-5-9-13(11(10)2)16-14-8-4-3-7-12(14)15(17)18/h3-9,16H,1-2H3,(H,17,18)/f/h17H |
| InChI Key |
HYYBABOKPJLUIN-HCKMINDGCV |
| KEGG Drug |
D00151  |
| KEGG Compound |
C02168  |
| PubChem Compound |
4044  |
| PubChem Substance |
148984  |
| ChEBI ID |
Not Available |
| PharmGKB ID |
PA450347  |
| HET ID |
Not Available |
| GenBank ID |
Not Available |
| Drug ID Number [DIN] |
02237826  |
| RxList Link |
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/mefenamic.htm  |
| PDRhealth Link |
Not Available |
| Wikipedia Link |
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mefenamic_acid  |
| FDA Label |
|
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
|
| Synthesis Reference |
Not Available |
| Average Molecular Weight |
241.2851 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
241.1103 |
| State |
Solid |
| Melting Point |
230-231 oC |
| Experimental Water Solubility |
20 mg/L
Source: PhysProp
|
| Predicted Water Solubility |
1.37e-02 mg/mL
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity |
4.2
Source: PhysProp
|
| Predicted LogP |
4.58
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Experimental LogS |
-3.78 [ADME Research, USCD] |
| Predicted LogS |
-4.25
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Experimental Caco2 Permeability |
Not Available |
| pKa/Isoelectric Point |
4.2 |
| Mass Spectrum |
Not Available
|
| MOL File |
Show | Download  |
| SDF File |
Show | Download  |
| PDB File |
Show | Download  |
| 2D Structure |
|
| 3D Structure |
|
| Experimental PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Isomeric SMILES |
CC1=C(C)C(NC2=CC=CC=C2C(O)=O)=CC=C1 |
| Canonical SMILES |
CC1=C(C)C(NC2=CC=CC=C2C(O)=O)=CC=C1 |
| Drug Category |
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
|
| ATC Codes |
|
| AHFS Codes |
|
| Indication |
For the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, dysmenorrhea, and mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever. |
| Pharmacology |
Mefenamic acid, an anthranilic acid derivative, is a member of the fenamate group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. Similar to other NSAIDs, mefenamic acid inhibits prostaglandin synthetase. |
| Mechanism of Action |
Mefenamic acid binds the prostaglandin synthetase receptors COX-1 and COX-2, inhibiting the action of prostaglandin synthetase. As these receptors have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity, the symptoms of pain are temporarily reduced. |
| Absorption |
Mefenamic acid is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. |
| Toxicity |
Oral, rat LD50: 740 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose may include severe stomach pain, coffee ground-like vomit, dark stool, ringing in the ears, change in amount of urine, unusually fast or slow heartbeat, muscle weakness, slow or shallow breathing, confusion, severe headache or loss of consciousness. |
| Protein Binding |
90% |
| Biotransformation |
Mefenamic acid undergoes metabolism by CYP2C9 to 3-hydroxymethyl mefenamic acid, and further oxidation to a 3-carboxymefenamic acid may occur. The activity of these metabolites has not been studied. Mefenamic acid is also glucuronidated directly. |
| Half Life |
2 hours |
| Dosage Forms |
|
| Patient Information |
Show  |
| Contraindications |
Show  |
| Interactions |
Show  |
| Drug Interactions |
| Drug |
Interaction |
| Acenocoumarol |
The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect |
| Alendronate |
Increased risk of gastric toxicity |
| Anisindione |
The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect |
| Cyclosporine |
Monitor for nephrotoxicity |
| Dicumarol |
The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect |
| Lithium |
The NSAID increases serum levels of lithium |
| Methotrexate |
The NSAID increases the effect and toxicity of methotrexate |
| Warfarin |
The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect |
|
| Food Interactions |
- Avoid alcohol.
- Take with food.
|
| Pathways |
| Name |
SMPDB Link |
KEGG Link |
| Mefanamic acid Pathway |
SMP00109  |
|
|
| General References |
- Drugs.com

- Wikipedia

- RxList

|
| Organisms Affected |
|
| Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes |
- Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
|
| Targets |
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
|
|
Drug Target 1
[top]
|
| Target 1 ID |
20 |
| Target 1 Name |
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 |
| Target 1 Synonyms |
- COX-1
- Cyclooxygenase- 1
- EC 1.14.99.1
- PGH synthase 1
- PGHS-1
- PHS 1
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 precursor
- Prostaglandin H2 synthase 1
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1
|
| Target 1 Gene Name |
PTGS1 |
| Target 1 Protein Sequence |
>Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 precursor
MSRSLLLRFLLFLLLLPPLPVLLADPGAPTPVNPCCYYPCQHQGICVRFGLDRYQCDCTR
TGYSGPNCTIPGLWTWLRNSLRPSPSFTHFLLTHGRWFWEFVNATFIREMLMRLVLTVRS
NLIPSPPTYNSAHDYISWESFSNVSYYTRILPSVPKDCPTPMGTKGKKQLPDAQLLARRF
LLRRKFIPDPQGTNLMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTSGKMGPGFTKALGHGVDLGHIYGDNLERQ
YQLRLFKDGKLKYQVLDGEMYPPSVEEAPVLMHYPRGIPPQSQMAVGQEVFGLLPGLMLY
ATLWLREHNRVCDLLKAEHPTWGDEQLFQTTRLILIGETIKIVIEEYVQQLSGYFLQLKF
DPELLFGVQFQYRNRIAMEFNHLYHWHPLMPDSFKVGSQEYSYEQFLFNTSMLVDYGVEA
LVDAFSRQIAGRIGGGRNMDHHILHVAVDVIRESREMRLQPFNEYRKRFGMKPYTSFQEL
VGEKEMAAELEELYGDIDALEFYPGLLLEKCHPNSIFGESMIEIGAPFSLKGLLGNPICS
PEYWKPSTFGGEVGFNIVKTATLKKLVCLNTKTCPYVSFRVPDASQDDGPAVERPSTEL
|
| Target 1 Number of Residues |
608 |
| Target 1 Molecular Weight |
68657 |
| Target 1 Theoretical pI |
7.39 |
| Target 1 GO Classification |
|
Function
|
antioxidant activity
peroxidase activity |
|
Process
|
| Not Available |
|
Component
|
| Not Available |
|
| Target 1 General Function |
Involved in peroxidase activity |
| Target 1 Specific Function |
May play an important role in regulating or promoting cell proliferation in some normal and neoplastically transformed cells |
| Target 1 Pathways |
| Name |
SMPDB Link |
KEGG Link |
| Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism |
|
map00590  |
|
| Target 1 Reactions |
- arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
|
| Target 1 Pfam Domain Function |
|
| Target 1 Signals |
|
| Target 1 Transmembrane Regions |
|
| Target 1 Essentiality |
Non-Essential |
| Target 1 GenBank ID Protein |
387018  |
| Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
P23219  |
| Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
PGH1_HUMAN  |
| Target 1 PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Target 1 Cellular Location |
- Microsome
- microsomal membrane
- peripheral membrane protein
|
| Target 1 Gene Sequence |
>1800 bp
ATGAGCCGGAGTCTCTTGCTCCGGTTCTTGCTGTTGCTGCTCCTGCTCCCGCCGCTCCCC
GTCCTGCTCGCGGACCCAGGGGCGCCCACGCCAGTGAATCCCTGTTGTTACTATCCATGC
CAGCACCAGGGCATCTGTGTCCGCTTCGGCCTTGACCGCTACCAGTGTGACTGCACCCGC
ACGGGCTATTCCGGCCCCAACTGCACCATCCCTGGCCTGTGGACCTGGCTCCGGAATTCA
CTGCGGCCCAGCCCCTCTTTCACCCACTTCCTGCTCACTCACGGGCGCTGGTTCTGGGAG
TTTGTCAATGCCACCTTCATCCGAGAGATGCTCATGCTCCTGGTACTCACAGTGCGCTCC
AACCTTATCCCCAGTCCCCCCACCTACAACTCTGCACATGACTACATCAGCTGGGAGTCT
TTCTCCAACGTGAGCTATTACACTCGTATTCTGCCCTCTGTGCCTAAAGATTGCCCCACA
CCCATGGGAACCAAAGGGAAGAAGCAGTTGCCAGATGCCCAGCTCCTGGCCCGCCGCTTC
CTGCTCAGGAGGAAGTTCATACCTGACCCCCAAGGCACCAACCTCATGTTTGCCTTCTTT
GCACAACACTTCACCCACCAGTTCTTCAAAACTTCTGGCAAGATGGGTCCTGGCTTCACC
AAGGCCTTGGGCCATGGGGTAGACCTCGGCCACATTTATGGAGACAATCTGGAGCGTCAG
TATCAACTGCGGCTCTTTAAGGATGGGAAACTCAAGTACCAGGTGCTGGATGGAGAAATG
TACCCGCCCTCGGTAGAAGAGGCGCCTGTGTTGATGCACTACCCCCGAGGCATCCCGCCC
CAGAGCCAGATGGCTGTGGGCCAGGAGGTGTTTGGGCTGCTTCCTGGGCTCATGCTGTAT
GCCACGCTCTGGCTACGTGAGCACAACCGTGTGTGTGACCTGCTGAAGGCTGAGCACCCC
ACCTGGGGCGATGAGCAGCTTTTCCAGACGACCCGCCTCATCCTCATAGGGGAGACCATC
AAGATTGTCATCGAGGAGTACGTGCAGCAGCTGAGTGGCTATTTCCTGCAGCTGAAATTT
GACCCAGAGCTGCTGTTCGGTGTCCAGTTCCAATACCGCAACCGCATTGCCACGGAGTTC
AACCATCTCTACCACTGGCACCCCCTCATGCCTGACTCCTTCAAGGTGGGCTCCCAGGAG
TACAGCTACGAGCAGTTCTTGTTCAACACCTCCATGTTGGTGGACTATGGGGTTGAGGCC
CTGGTGGATGCCTTCTCTCGCCAGATTGCTGGCCGGATCGGTGGGGGCAGGAACATGGAC
CACCACATCCTGCATGTGGCTGTGGATGTCATCAGGGAGTCTCGGGAGATGCGGCTGCAG
CCCTTCAATGAGTACCGCAAGAGGTTTGGCATGAAACCCTACACCTCCTTCCAGGAGCTC
GTAGGAGAGAAGGAGATGGCAGCAGAGTTGGAGGAATTGTATGGAGACATTGATGCGTTG
GAGTTCTACCCTGGACTGCTTCTTGAAAAGTGCCATCCAAACTCTATCTTTGGGGAGAGT
ATGATAGAGATTGGGGCTCCCTTTTCCCTCAAGGGTCTCCTAGGGAATCCCATCTGTTCT
CCGGAGTACTGGAAGCCGAGCACATTTGGCGGCGAGGTGGGCTTTAACATTGTCAAGACG
GCCACACTGAAGAAGCTGGTCTGCCTCAACACCAAGACCTGTCCCTACGTTTCCTTCCGT
GTGCCGGATGCCAGTCAGGATGATGGGCCTGCTGTGGAGCGACCATCCACAGAGCTCTGA
|
| Target 1 GenBank Gene ID |
|
| Target 1 GeneCard ID |
PTGS1  |
| Target 1 GenAtlas ID |
PTGS1  |
| Target 1 HGNC ID |
HGNC:9604  |
| Target 1 Chromosome Location |
9 |
| Target 1 Locus |
9q32-q33.3 |
| Target 1 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
| Target 1 General References |
- Diaz A, Reginato AM, Jimenez SA: Alternative splicing of human prostaglandin G/H synthase mRNA and evidence of differential regulation of the resulting transcripts by transforming growth factor beta 1, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 25;267(15):10816-22. [PubMed
]
- Takahashi Y, Ueda N, Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto S, Yokoyama C, Miyata A, Tanabe T, Fuse I, Hattori A, Shibata A: Immunoaffinity purification and cDNA cloning of human platelet prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (cyclooxygenase). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Jan 31;182(2):433-8. [PubMed
]
- Funk CD, Funk LB, Kennedy ME, Pong AS, Fitzgerald GA: Human platelet/erythroleukemia cell prostaglandin G/H synthase: cDNA cloning, expression, and gene chromosomal assignment. FASEB J. 1991 Jun;5(9):2304-12. [PubMed
]
- Yokoyama C, Tanabe T: Cloning of human gene encoding prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and primary structure of the enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 15;165(2):888-94. [PubMed
]
|
| Target 1 Drug References |
- Sinniah R, Lye WC: Acute renal failure from hemoglobinuric and interstitial nephritis secondary to iodine and mefenamic acid. Clin Nephrol. 2001 Mar;55(3):254-8. [PubMed
]
- Joo Y, Kim HS, Woo RS, Park CH, Shin KY, Lee JP, Chang KA, Kim S, Suh YH: Mefenamic acid shows neuroprotective effects and improves cognitive impairment in in vitro and in vivo Alzheimer's disease models. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Jan;69(1):76-84. Epub 2005 Oct 13. [PubMed
]
- Gierse JK, Hauser SD, Creely DP, Koboldt C, Rangwala SH, Isakson PC, Seibert K: Expression and selective inhibition of the constitutive and inducible forms of human cyclo-oxygenase. Biochem J. 1995 Jan 15;305 ( Pt 2):479-84. [PubMed
]
- Cryer B, Feldman M: Cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 selectivity of widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am J Med. 1998 May;104(5):413-21. [PubMed
]
- Laudanno OM, Cesolari JA, Esnarriaga J, Flaherty P, Vada J, Guastalli G, San Miguel P, Bedini OA: [In vivo selectivity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on COX-1-COX-2 and gastrointestinal ulcers, in rats] Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 1998;28(3):249-55. [PubMed
]
|
|
Drug Target 2
[top]
|
| Target 2 ID |
290 |
| Target 2 Name |
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 |
| Target 2 Synonyms |
- COX-2
- Cyclooxygenase- 2
- EC 1.14.99.1
- PGH synthase 2
- PGHS-2
- PHS II
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 precursor
- Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
|
| Target 2 Gene Name |
PTGS2 |
| Target 2 Protein Sequence |
>Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 precursor
MLARALLLCAVLALSHTANPCCSHPCQNRGVCMSVGFDQYKCDCTRTGFYGENCSTPEFL
TRIKLFLKPTPNTVHYILTHFKGFWNVVNNIPFLRNAIMSYVLTSRSHLIDSPPTYNADY
GYKSWEAFSNLSYYTRALPPVPDDCPTPLGVKGKKQLPDSNEIVEKLLLRRKFIPDPQGS
NMMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTDHKRGPAFTNGLGHGVDLNHIYGETLARQRKLRLFKDGKMKY
QIIDGEMYPPTVKDTQAEMIYPPQVPEHLRFAVGQEVFGLVPGLMMYATIWLREHNRVCD
VLKQEHPEWGDEQLFQTSRLILIGETIKIVIEDYVQHLSGYHFKLKFDPELLFNKQFQYQ
NRIAAEFNTLYHWHPLLPDTFQIHDQKYNYQQFIYNNSILLEHGITQFVESFTRQIAGRV
AGGRNVPPAVQKVSQASIDQSRQMKYQSFNEYRKRFMLKPYESFEELTGEKEMSAELEAL
YGDIDAVELYPALLVEKPRPDAIFGETMVEVGAPFSLKGLMGNVICSPAYWKPSTFGGEV
GFQIINTASIQSLICNNVKGCPFTSFSVPDPELIKTVTINASSSRSGLDDINPTVLLKER
STEL
|
| Target 2 Number of Residues |
614 |
| Target 2 Molecular Weight |
68997 |
| Target 2 Theoretical pI |
7.41 |
| Target 2 GO Classification |
|
Function
|
antioxidant activity
peroxidase activity |
|
Process
|
| Not Available |
|
Component
|
| Not Available |
|
| Target 2 General Function |
Involved in peroxidase activity |
| Target 2 Specific Function |
May have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity |
| Target 2 Pathways |
| Name |
SMPDB Link |
KEGG Link |
| Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism |
|
map00590  |
|
| Target 2 Reactions |
- arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
|
| Target 2 Pfam Domain Function |
|
| Target 2 Signals |
|
| Target 2 Transmembrane Regions |
|
| Target 2 Essentiality |
Non-Essential |
| Target 2 GenBank ID Protein |
291988  |
| Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
P35354  |
| Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
PGH2_HUMAN  |
| Target 2 PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Target 2 Cellular Location |
- Microsome
- microsomal membrane
- peripheral membrane protein
|
| Target 2 Gene Sequence |
>1815 bp
ATGCTCGCCCGCGCCCTGCTGCTGTGCGCGGTCCTGGCGCTCAGCCATACAGCAAATCCT
TGCTGTTCCCACCCATGTCAAAACCGAGGTGTATGTATGAGTGTGGGATTTGACCAGTAT
AAGTGCGATTGTACCCGGACAGGATTCTATGGAGAAAACTGCTCAACACCGGAATTTTTG
ACAAGAATAAAATTATTTCTGAAACCCACTCCAAACACAGTGCACTACATACTTACCCAC
TTCAAGGGATTTTGGAACGTTGTGAATAACATTCCCTTCCTTCGAAATGCAATTATGAGT
TATGTGTTGACATCCAGATCACATTTGATTGACAGTCCACCAACTTACAATGCTGACTAT
GGCTACAAAAGCTGGGAAGCCTTCTCTAACCTCTCCTATTATACTAGAGCCCTTCCTCCT
GTGCCTGATGATTGCCCGACTCCCTTGGGTGTCAAAGGTAAAAAGCAGCTTCCTGATTCA
AATGAGATTGTGGAAAAATTGCTTCTAAGAAGAAAGTTCATCCCTGATCCCCAGGGCTCA
AACATGATGTTTGCATTCTTTGCCCAGCACTTCACGCATCAGTTTTTCAAGACAGATCAT
AAGCGAGGGCCAGCTTTCACCAACGGGCTGGGCCATGGGGTGGACTTAAATCATATTTAC
GGTGAAACTCTGGCTAGACAGCGTAAACTGCGCCTTTTCAAGGATGGAAAAATGAAATAT
CAGATAATTGATGGAGAGATGTATCCTCCCACAGTCAAAGATACTCAGGCAGAGATGATC
TACCCTCCTCAAGTCCCTGAGCATCTACGGTTTGCTGTGGGGCAGGAGGTCTTTGGTCTG
GTGCCTGGTCTGATGATGTATGCCACAATCTGGCTGCGGGAACACAACAGAGTATGCGAT
GTGCTTAAACAGGAGCATCCTGAATGGGGTGATGAGCAGTTGTTCCAGACAAGCAGGCTA
ATACTGATAGGAGAGACTATTAAGATTGTGATTGAAGATTATGTGCAACACTTGAGTGGC
TATCACTTCAAACTGAAATTTGACCCAGAACTACTTTTCAACAAACAATTCCAGTACCAA
AATCGTATTGCTGCTGAATTTAACACCCTCTATCACTGGCATCCCCTTCTGCCTGACACC
TTTCAAATTCATGACCAGAAATACAACTATCAACAGTTTATCTACAACAACTCTATATTG
CTGGAACATGGAATTACCCAGTTTGTTGAATCATTCACCAGGCAAATTGCTGGCAGGGTT
GCTGGTGGTAGGAATGTTCCACCCGCAGTACAGAAAGTATCACAGGCTTCCACTGACCAG
AGCAGGCAGATGAAATACCAGTCTTTTAATGAGTACCGCAAACGCTTTATGCTGAAGCCC
TATGAATCATTTGAAGAACTTACAGGAGAAAAGGAAATGTCTGCAGAGTTGGAAGCACTC
TATGGTGACATCGATGCTGTGGAGCTGTATCCTGCCCTTCTGGTAGAAAAGCCTCGGCCA
GATGCCATCTTTGGTGAAACCATGGTAGAAGTTGGAGCACCATTCTCCTTGAAAGGACTT
ATGGGTAATGTTATATGTTCTCCTGCCTACTGGAAGCCAAGCACTTTTGGTGGAGAAGTG
GGTTTTCAAATCATCAACACTGCCTCAATTCAGTCTCTCATCTGCAATAACGTGAAGGGC
TGTCCCTTTACTTCATTCAGTGTTCCAGATCCAGAGCTCATTAAAACAGTCACCATCAAT
GCAAGTTCTTCCCGCTCCGGACTAGATGATATCAATCCCACAGTACTACTAAAAGAACGT
TCGACTGAACTGTAG
|
| Target 2 GenBank Gene ID |
|
| Target 2 GeneCard ID |
PTGS2  |
| Target 2 GenAtlas ID |
PTGS2  |
| Target 2 HGNC ID |
HGNC:9605  |
| Target 2 Chromosome Location |
1 |
| Target 2 Locus |
1q25.2-q25.3 |
| Target 2 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
| Target 2 General References |
- Hla T, Neilson K: Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7384-8. [PubMed
]
- Appleby SB, Ristimaki A, Neilson K, Narko K, Hla T: Structure of the human cyclo-oxygenase-2 gene. Biochem J. 1994 Sep 15;302 ( Pt 3):723-7. [PubMed
]
- Kosaka T, Miyata A, Ihara H, Hara S, Sugimoto T, Takeda O, Takahashi E, Tanabe T: Characterization of the human gene (PTGS2) encoding prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2. Eur J Biochem. 1994 May 1;221(3):889-97. [PubMed
]
- Jones DA, Carlton DP, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM: Molecular cloning of human prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase type II and demonstration of expression in response to cytokines. J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 25;268(12):9049-54. [PubMed
]
|
| Target 2 Drug References |
- Walton LJ, Franklin IJ, Bayston T, Brown LC, Greenhalgh RM, Taylor GW, Powell JT: Inhibition of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in abdominal aortic aneurysms: implications for smooth muscle cell viability, inflammatory processes, and the expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Circulation. 1999 Jul 6;100(1):48-54. [PubMed
]
- Bhat AS, Tandan SK, Kumar D, Krishna V, Prakash VR: Interaction between inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase in Brewer's yeast induced pyrexia in mice: an isobolographic study. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Mar 28;511(2-3):137-42. [PubMed
]
- Bhat AS, Tandan SK, Kumar D, Krishna V, Prakash VR: Interaction between inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase in adjuvant-induced arthritis in female albino rats: an isobolographic study. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Feb 5;556(1-3):190-9. Epub 2006 Oct 27. [PubMed
]
- Gierse JK, Hauser SD, Creely DP, Koboldt C, Rangwala SH, Isakson PC, Seibert K: Expression and selective inhibition of the constitutive and inducible forms of human cyclo-oxygenase. Biochem J. 1995 Jan 15;305 ( Pt 2):479-84. [PubMed
]
- Cryer B, Feldman M: Cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 selectivity of widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am J Med. 1998 May;104(5):413-21. [PubMed
]
|