Nitrogen

Identification

Summary

Nitrogen is a cryogenic agent used to treat various benign and malignant skin lesions.

Brand Names
Nitrogen NF
Generic Name
Nitrogen
DrugBank Accession Number
DB09152
Background

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. At room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Liquid nitrogen is used principally in cryotherapy for removal of diseased skin. Liquid nitrogen helps in removal of skin lesions through necrosis, which results from the freezing and thawing of cells. Cryotherapy usually done in doctors' office. Also, nitrogen is very famous component in fertilizers and energy-stores.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 28.0134
Monoisotopic: 28.00614801
Chemical Formula
N2
Synonyms
Not Available
External IDs
  • E-941
  • INS NO.941
  • INS-941

Pharmacology

Indication

Liquid nitrogen is used mainly as a cryogenic agent for the treatment of various benign and malignant skin lesions.

Reduce drug development failure rates
Build, train, & validate machine-learning models
with evidence-based and structured datasets.
See how
Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.
See how
Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofActinic keratosis (ak)••• •••••••••••
Treatment ofBenign skin lesions••• •••••••••••
Used in combination to treatHypoxemiaCombination Product in combination with: Oxygen (DB09140)•••••••••••••••
Treatment ofWarts••• •••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events Today
Tap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.
Learn more
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
Learn more
Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

In cryotherapy, mechanism of action could be classified into three stages: 1. heat transfer, 2. cell injury and 3. inflammation. Boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -196°C, which is the responsible for creating the initial stage which is heat transfer. The second stage is cell injury which is induced during thawing conditions of the cells. The last step in the cryotherapy is the inflammation stage which is characterized by edema and erythema. Inflammation occurs as a result of cellular death and it helps in local cell destruction.

Absorption

For local use only, no systemic absorption.

Volume of distribution

For local use only.

Protein binding

for local use only, not bound to protein.

Metabolism

For local use only.

Route of elimination

For local use only.

Half-life

For local use only.

Clearance

For local use only.

Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomes
With structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!
See the data
Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
See a data sample
Toxicity

Liquid nitrogen: Serious adverse effects include hemorrhage, infection, and excessive granulation tissue formation. Alopecia, atrophy, keloids, scarring, hypopigmentation, and ectropion formation are among permanent complications of cryotherapy.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

Drug product information from 10+ global regions
Our datasets provide approved product information including:
dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.
Access now
Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
Access now
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Gaseous Nitrogen 99.0%Gas99.0 %Respiratory (inhalation)Air Products Canada Ltd/LtÉe.1983-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
Liquid NitrogenLiquid99.5 %TopicalNorthside Development Corporation2012-10-232021-03-31Canada flag
Liquid NitrogenLiquid100 %TopicalN Two Medical Inc2011-09-13Not applicableCanada flag
Liquid Nitrogen NfLiquid100 %TopicalVitalaire Canada Inc2008-01-21Not applicableCanada flag
Liquid Nitrogen NfLiquid100 %TopicalCryogen Nitrogen Deliveries Limited2015-10-20Not applicableCanada flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Carbon Dioxide MixtureNitrogen (65 %) + Carbon dioxide (12 %) + Oxygen (23 %)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Liquid Carbonic Inc.1990-12-311998-06-09Canada flag
Carbon Monox, Helium, Oxygen, Nitrogen L.D.M.Nitrogen (67.7 %) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 %) + Helium (10.5 %) + Oxygen (21.5 %)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Praxair, Inc.1993-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
Co-HE-O2-N2 MixtureNitrogen (68.7 %) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 %) + Helium (10.0 %) + Oxygen (21.0 %)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Messer Canada Inc.1995-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
Co-NE-O2-N2 MixtureNitrogen (78.2 % v/v) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 % v/v) + Neon (0.5 % v/v) + Oxygen (21 % v/v)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Messer Canada Inc.1995-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
Helium Oxygen Nitrogen mixtureNitrogen (300 mL/1L) + Helium (200 mL/1L) + Oxygen (500 mL/1L)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Praxair Distribution, Inc.2005-10-01Not applicableUS flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AirNitrogen (77 L/100L) + Oxygen (23 L/100L)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Air Liquide Canada Inc.1960-01-01Not applicableUS flag
AirNitrogen (99 L/100L) + Oxygen (99 L/100L)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Air Liquide Canada Inc.1960-01-012010-06-15US flag
Compressed Gas N.O.S.Nitrogen (75.05 mL/1L) + Carbon dioxide (5 mL/1L) + Oxygen (19.95 mL/1L)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Medical-Technical Gases, Inc.2012-05-29Not applicableUS flag
Helium Oxygen Nitrogen mixtureNitrogen (300 mL/1L) + Helium (200 mL/1L) + Oxygen (500 mL/1L)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Praxair Distribution Southest Llc2005-10-01Not applicableUS flag
Hyperbaric Chamber MixNitrogen (500 mL/1L) + Oxygen (500 mL/1L)GasRespiratory (inhalation)Spec Connection International Inc2013-01-01Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
V03AN04 — Nitrogen
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal nitrides. These are inorganic compounds of nitrogen where nitrogen has a formal oxidation state of -3, and the heaviest atom bonded to it belongs to the class of 'other non-metals'.
Kingdom
Inorganic compounds
Super Class
Homogeneous non-metal compounds
Class
Other non-metal organides
Sub Class
Other non-metal nitrides
Direct Parent
Other non-metal nitrides
Alternative Parents
Inorganic nitrides
Substituents
Inorganic nitride / Other non-metal nitride
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
diatomic nitrogen, elemental molecule (CHEBI:17997) / a non-metabolic compound (NITROGEN-MOLECULE)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
N762921K75
CAS number
7727-37-9
InChI Key
IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/N2/c1-2
IUPAC Name
dinitrogen
SMILES
N#N

References

General References
  1. Goldberg LH, Kaplan B, Vergilis-Kalner I, Landau J: Liquid nitrogen: temperature control in the treatment of actinic keratosis. Dermatol Surg. 2010 Dec;36(12):1956-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01804.x. Epub 2010 Nov 11. [Article]
  2. Bruggink SC, Gussekloo J, Berger MY, Zaaijer K, Assendelft WJ, de Waal MW, Bavinck JN, Koes BW, Eekhof JA: Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen versus topical salicylic acid application for cutaneous warts in primary care: randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2010 Oct 19;182(15):1624-30. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.092194. Epub 2010 Sep 13. [Article]
  3. Kumar AA: Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy in the treatment of benign skin lesions. J Fam Pract. 1975 Jun;2(3):221-4. [Article]
  4. DailyMed: Unapproved label for liquid nitrogen, refrigerated [Link]
  5. FDA Compliance Program Guidance Manual: Compressed Medical Gases [Link]
  6. ATSDR: Medical Management Guidelines for Nitrogen Oxides [Link]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0001371
KEGG Drug
D00083
KEGG Compound
C00697
PubChem Compound
947
PubChem Substance
310265065
ChemSpider
922
RxNav
7456
ChEBI
17997
ChEMBL
CHEMBL142438
PDBe Ligand
HDZ
Wikipedia
Nitrogen
PDB Entries
1mae / 1maf / 2nnc / 2z18 / 3qc5 / 3qc6 / 3wa3 / 6ug0

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedDiagnosticCancer / Pain1
4CompletedTreatmentLiver Biopsy1
4CompletedTreatmentNeoplasms, Gastrointestinal / Postoperative Complications1
4TerminatedSupportive CareCritically Ill Patients1
4TerminatedTreatmentPlantar Warts1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
GasRespiratory (inhalation)
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.0 %
LiquidTopical99.5 %
LiquidTopical100 %
GasCutaneous99.5 %
GasCutaneous; Respiratory (inhalation)99 L/100L
GasEndosinusial995 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)90 L/100L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)900 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99 L/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99 L/100L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99 mL/100mL
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.1 L/100L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.1 L/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.5 L/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.5 L/100L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.9 L/100L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.9 L/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)990 L/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)990 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)991 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)992 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)992 L/1000L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)995 mL/1L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)999 L/1000L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)999 mL/1L
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)99 L/100L
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)990 mL/1L
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)990 L/1L
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)997 mL/1L
LiquidTopical99 L/100L
GasRespiratory (inhalation)100 %
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)999 L/1000L
Gas99 %
LiquidTopical99 %
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99 %
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99 % v/v
GasRespiratory (inhalation)99.5 %
LiquidCutaneous992 mL/1L
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)1 L/1L
EmulsionParenteral
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP0.31Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area47.58 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count0Chemaxon
Refractivity26.23 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability1.77 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-004i-9000000000-900558b878d696839ddd
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-004i-9000000000-6369f2c7b3a3b0e3772c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9000000000-1fb6bb5f9fe3af7d141e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9000000000-1fb6bb5f9fe3af7d141e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9000000000-1fb6bb5f9fe3af7d141e
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-108.270905
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+110.008064
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+116.758835
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Drug created at October 01, 2015 19:51 / Updated at March 18, 2024 16:48