Sodium borate

Identification

Generic Name
Sodium borate
DrugBank Accession Number
DB14505
Background

Not Available

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Experimental
Structure
Weight
Average: 201.219
Monoisotopic: 201.981163568
Chemical Formula
B4Na2O7
Synonyms
  • Borax
  • Sodium borate anhydrous

Pharmacology

Indication

No FDA- or EMA-approved therapeutic indications on its own.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to treatConjunctivitisCombination Product in combination with: Boric acid (DB11326), Sodium chloride (DB09153)••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatMouth ulcersCombination Product in combination with: Glycerin (DB09462)••• •••••••••••
Used in combination to treatStyeCombination Product in combination with: Sodium chloride (DB09153), Boric acid (DB11326)••••••••••••••••••
Associated Therapies
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Boric acid exhibits minimal bacteriostatic and antifungal activities 4. Boric acid is likely to mediate antifungal actions at high concentrations over prolonged exposures 3.

Mechanism of action

Information regarding the mechanism of action of boric acid in mediating its antibacterial or antifungal actions is limited. Boric acid inhibits biofilm formation and hyphal transformation of Candida albicans, which are critical virulence factors 3. In addition, arrest of fungal growth was observed with the treatment of boric acid 3.

Absorption

Boric acid is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, open wounds, and serous cavities but displays limited absorption in intact skin 4. Following intraperitoneal injection in mice, the peak concentration was reached in about 1.0-1.5 hr in the brain whereas the value was 0.5 hr in other tissues 4.

Volume of distribution

Volume of distribution ranges from 0.17 to 0.5 L/kg in humans, where large amounts of boric acid are localized in brain, liver, and kidney 4.

Protein binding

No protein binding reported.

Metabolism

No metabolic pathways reported.

Route of elimination

Regardless the route of administration, boric acid predominantly undergoes rapid renal excretion of >90% of total administered dose as unchanged form. Small amounts are also excreted into sweat, saliva, and feces. Following administration as ointment, urinary excretion of boric acid accounted for only 1% of the administered dose 4.

Half-life

According to human cases of poisoning, the elimination half-life of boric acid ranges from 13 to 24 hours 2,4.

Clearance

A case report of acute boric acid poisoning following oral ingestion of 21 g of boric acid presents the total body clearance of 0.99 L/h before hemodialysis 2.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

The acute oral LD50 in rats is 4500-5000 mg/kg and the intradermal LD50 in rabbits is 10,000 mg/kg.6 Individuals are likely to be exposed to boric acid from industrial manufacturing or processing. Local tissue injury from boric acid exposure is likely due to caustic effects. Systemic effects from boric acid poisoning usually occur from multiple exposures over a period of days and involve gastrointestinal, dermal, CNS, and renal manifestations. Gastrointestinal toxicity include persistent nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain, hematemesis, and blue-green discoloration of the feces and vomit 4. Following the onset of GI symptoms, a characteristic intense generalized erythroderma follows 4. Management of mild to moderate toxicity should be supportive. In case of severe toxicity, dialysis may be required in addition to supportive treatment.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Sodium borate decahydrate91MBZ8H3QO1303-96-4CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Active Moieties
NameKindUNIICASInChI Key
Borate ionionic44OAE30D2212258-53-6GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Sodium BoratePowderTopicalLab Valmo EnregistrÉ, Division Of Technilab Inc.1979-12-311999-09-17Canada flag
กลีเซอรีน โบแรกซ์Solution12 g/100mlOralห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัด โรงงานผลิตยาอันอันโอสถNot applicableNot applicableThailand flag
ยาป้ายลิ้น ตราจระเข้บินSolution12 g/100mlOralห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัด พัฒนาการเภสัช1986-07-012020-09-29Thailand flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Calcemin AdvanceSodium borate decahydrate (2.45 mg/1) + Calcium carbonate (500 mg/1) + Magnesium oxide (40 mg/1) + Previtamin D(3) (3 mg/1) + Zinc oxide (7.5 mg/1)Tablet, film coatedOralBayer Healthcare Llc.2016-04-01Not applicableUS flag
Collyre Hygienique SokerSodium borate (1.89 mg / mL) + Boric acid (11.1 mg / mL)LiquidOphthalmicProduits Francais Labs Inc.1978-12-311997-05-30Canada flag
Eye EzeSodium borate (.18 %) + Boric acid (1.11 %)LiquidOphthalmicPharmavite Laboratories (1987) Inc.1958-12-312006-07-27Canada flag
EYE GLO PLUS EYE DROPSSodium borate (0.3 %) + Boric acid (1.3 %) + Witch hazel (5 %)Solution / dropsOphthalmicDuopharma Marketing Sdn. Bhd.2020-09-082021-12-12Malaysia flag
EYE GLO REGULAR EYE DROPSSodium borate (0.25 %) + Boric acid (1 %)Solution / dropsOphthalmicDuopharma Marketing Sdn. Bhd.2020-09-082021-12-12Malaysia flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Ma Ying Long HemorrhoidalSodium borate decahydrate (0.2 g/10g) + Amber (0.1 g/10g) + Borneol (0.2 g/10g) + Bos taurus gallstone (0.1 g/10g) + Moschus berezovskii musk sac resin (0.15 g/10g) + Pearl (hyriopsis cumingii) (0.25 g/10g) + Zinc carbonate (0.65 g/10g)OintmentTopicalTrifecta Pharmaceuticals Usa, Llc.2016-01-14Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
S01AX07 — Sodium borate
Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
8191EN8ZMD
CAS number
1330-43-4
InChI Key
UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/B4O7.2Na/c5-1-7-3-9-2(6)10-4(8-1)11-3;;/q-2;2*+1
IUPAC Name
disodium bicyclo[3.3.1]tetraboroxane-3,7-bis(olate)
SMILES
[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B1OB2OB([O-])OB(O1)O2

References

General References
  1. Iavazzo C, Gkegkes ID, Zarkada IM, Falagas ME: Boric acid for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: the clinical evidence. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011 Aug;20(8):1245-55. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2708. Epub 2011 Jul 20. [Article]
  2. Teshima D, Morishita K, Ueda Y, Futagami K, Higuchi S, Komoda T, Nanishi F, Taniyama T, Yoshitake J, Aoyama T: Clinical management of boric acid ingestion: pharmacokinetic assessment of efficacy of hemodialysis for treatment of acute boric acid poisoning. J Pharmacobiodyn. 1992 Jun;15(6):287-94. [Article]
  3. De Seta F, Schmidt M, Vu B, Essmann M, Larsen B: Antifungal mechanisms supporting boric acid therapy of Candida vaginitis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 Feb;63(2):325-36. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkn486. Epub 2008 Dec 4. [Article]
  4. BORIC ACID - National Library of Medicine HSDB Database- Toxnet - NIH [Link]
  5. Boric Acid - National Toxicology Program - NIH [Link]
  6. Fisher Scientific: Sodium Borate MSDS [Link]
ChemSpider
8395345
Wikipedia
Borax

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedNot AvailableCorneal Staining1
4CompletedTreatmentThyroid Eye Disease1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Tablet, film coatedOral
LiquidTopical
OintmentTopical
SolutionTopical
LiquidOphthalmic
PowderTopical
PowderTopical
JellyVaginal
SolutionOral12 g/100ml
SolutionOphthalmic
LotionOphthalmic
Solution / dropsOphthalmic
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Not Available
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP4.68Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)8.35Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-5Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count7Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area92.27 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count0Chemaxon
Refractivity9.64 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability11.89 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings2Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
Not Available
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Drug created at July 11, 2018 21:16 / Updated at March 18, 2024 19:36