Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7.

Article Details

Citation

Williams JA, Ring BJ, Cantrell VE, Jones DR, Eckstein J, Ruterbories K, Hamman MA, Hall SD, Wrighton SA

Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7.

Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Aug;30(8):883-91.

PubMed ID
12124305 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

The human cytochromes P450 (P450) CYP3A contribute to the biotransformation of 50% of oxidatively metabolized drugs. The predominant hepatic form is CYP3A4, but recent evidence indicates that CYP3A5 contributes more significantly to the total liver CYP3A than was originally thought. CYP3A7 is the major fetal form and is rarely expressed in adults. To compare the metabolic capabilities of CYP3A forms for 10 substrates, incubations were performed using a consistent molar ratio (1:7:9) of recombinant CYP3A, P450 reductase, and cytochrome b5. A wide range of substrate concentrations was examined to determine the best fit to kinetic models for metabolite formation. In general, K(m) or S(50) values for the substrates were 3 to 4 times lower for CYP3A4 than for CYP3A5 or CYP3A7. For a more direct comparison of these P450 forms, clearance to the metabolites was determined as a linear relationship of rate of metabolite formation for the lowest substrate concentrations examined. The clearance for 1'-hydroxy midazolam formation at low substrate concentrations was similar for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. For CYP3A5 versus CYP3A4, clearance values at low substrate concentrations were 2 to 20 times lower for the other biotransformations. The clearance values for CYP3A7-catalyzed metabolite formation at low substrate concentrations were substantially lower than for CYP3A4 or CYP3A5, except for clarithromycin, 4-OH triazolam, and N-desmethyl diltiazem (CYP3A5 - CYP3A7). The CYP3A forms demonstrated regioselective differences in some of the biotransformations. These results demonstrate an equal or reduced metabolic capability for CYP3A5 compared with CYP3A4 and a significantly lower capability for CYP3A7.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drugs
Drug Enzymes
DrugEnzymeKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
AlprazolamCytochrome P450 3A4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Details
DiltiazemCytochrome P450 3A4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Inhibitor
Details
MidazolamCytochrome P450 3A4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Inhibitor
Details
MidazolamCytochrome P450 3A7ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Details
TamoxifenCytochrome P450 3A4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Inhibitor
Inducer
Details
TriazolamCytochrome P450 3A4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Details
TriazolamCytochrome P450 3A5ProteinHumans
Unknown
Substrate
Details
Drug Interactions
DrugsInteraction
Alfentanil
Diltiazem
The metabolism of Alfentanil can be decreased when combined with Diltiazem.
Alfentanil
Progesterone
The metabolism of Alfentanil can be decreased when combined with Progesterone.
Alfentanil
Mifepristone
The metabolism of Alfentanil can be decreased when combined with Mifepristone.
Alprazolam
Progesterone
The metabolism of Alprazolam can be decreased when combined with Progesterone.
Aprepitant
Diltiazem
The metabolism of Aprepitant can be decreased when combined with Diltiazem.