Genome sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

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Gardner MJ, Hall N, Fung E, White O, Berriman M, Hyman RW, Carlton JM, Pain A, Nelson KE, Bowman S, Paulsen IT, James K, Eisen JA, Rutherford K, Salzberg SL, Craig A, Kyes S, Chan MS, Nene V, Shallom SJ, Suh B, Peterson J, Angiuoli S, Pertea M, Allen J, Selengut J, Haft D, Mather MW, Vaidya AB, Martin DM, Fairlamb AH, Fraunholz MJ, Roos DS, Ralph SA, McFadden GI, Cummings LM, Subramanian GM, Mungall C, Venter JC, Carucci DJ, Hoffman SL, Newbold C, Davis RW, Fraser CM, Barrell B

Genome sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

Nature. 2002 Oct 3;419(6906):498-511.

PubMed ID
12368864 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

The parasite Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for hundreds of millions of cases of malaria, and kills more than one million African children annually. Here we report an analysis of the genome sequence of P. falciparum clone 3D7. The 23-megabase nuclear genome consists of 14 chromosomes, encodes about 5,300 genes, and is the most (A + T)-rich genome sequenced to date. Genes involved in antigenic variation are concentrated in the subtelomeric regions of the chromosomes. Compared to the genomes of free-living eukaryotic microbes, the genome of this intracellular parasite encodes fewer enzymes and transporters, but a large proportion of genes are devoted to immune evasion and host-parasite interactions. Many nuclear-encoded proteins are targeted to the apicoplast, an organelle involved in fatty-acid and isoprenoid metabolism. The genome sequence provides the foundation for future studies of this organism, and is being exploited in the search for new drugs and vaccines to fight malaria.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Polypeptides
NameUniProt ID
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialQ08210Details
Peptide deformylaseQ8I372Details
1-cys peroxiredoxinQ5MYR6Details
Deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase, putativeQ8II92Details
Translationally-controlled tumor protein homologQ8I3Z5Details
Ornithine aminotransferaseQ6LFH8Details
Elongation factor 2Q8IKW5Details
Heat shock protein 70Q8IB24Details
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseQ8IKK7Details
Cell division cycle protein 48 homologue,putativeC6KT34Details
Heat shock protein 90Q8IC05Details
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4AQ8IKF0Details
Pyruvate kinaseC6KTA4Details
Protein disulfide-isomeraseC0H4Y6Details
Thioredoxin-related protein, putativeQ8IDH5Details
Spermidine synthaseQ8II73Details
Probable ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinaseQ8I2Z8Details
Glutamate dehydrogenaseQ8ILF7Details
Endoplasmin homolog, putativeQ8I0V4Details
EnolaseQ8IJN7Details
40S ribosomal protein S3Q8IKH8Details
Non-SERCA-type Ca2+-transporting P-ATPaseA0A143ZZK9Details
S-adenosylmethionine synthaseQ7K6A4Details
V-type H(+)-translocating pyrophosphatase, putativeQ8IKR1Details
60S ribosomal protein L4Q8I431Details
Phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferaseQ8IDQ9Details
40S ribosomal protein S3aO97313Details
Conserved Plasmodium membrane proteinQ8IJT2Details
60S ribosomal protein L3Q8IJC6Details
High molecular weight rhoptry protein 2C0H571Details
40S ribosomal protein S19C0H5C2Details
Glycophorin-binding proteinQ8I6U8Details
V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit AQ76NM6Details
60S ribosomal protein L2Q8I3T9Details
Acyl-CoA synthetaseQ8I0X2Details
Plasmepsin IVQ8IM16Details
Plasmepsin-1Q7KQM4Details
14-3-3 proteinC0H4V6Details
Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, putativeQ8I5G6Details
Plasmodium exported proteinC6S3C7Details
Tubulin beta chainQ7KQL5Details
60S ribosomal protein L27Q8IKM5Details
Sec62, putativeQ8IL86Details
Autophagy-related protein 18, putativeQ8IJR6Details
Mature parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigenQ8I492Details
Importin-7, putativeC0H4L1Details
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomeraseQ76NN7Details
DnaJ protein, putativeQ8IB72Details
Glutamate--tRNA ligaseQ8IDD3Details
T-complex protein 1 subunit etaO77323Details
Chaperone, putativeC0H546Details
Rhoptry neck protein 3Q8I4R5Details
40S ribosomal protein S5, putativeQ8IBN5Details
Skeleton-binding protein 1Q8I487Details
AdenosylhomocysteinaseP50250Details
Adenosine deaminaseQ8IJA9Details
Methionine--tRNA ligaseQ8IJ60Details
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetaseQ8IEN3Details
Aspartate carbamoyltransferaseQ8IDP8Details
Signal recognition particle receptor, beta subunitQ8I4W4Details
Parasite-infected erythrocyte surface proteinO77361Details
Coatomer alpha subunit, putativeC6KSR5Details
Proteasome subunit alpha typeQ8IBI3Details
Haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolaseQ8IJ74Details
Insulinase, putativeQ8III5Details
40S ribosomal protein S21Q8IHS5Details
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Q8IDP1Details
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit CQ8I5Y3Details
60S ribosomal protein L24, putativeQ8IEM3Details
60S ribosomal protein L23Q8IE82Details
60S ribosomal protein L17, putativeQ8IDI5Details
HAP proteinQ8IM15Details
Heat shock protein 110, putativeC0H5H0Details
60S ribosomal protein L10, putativeQ8ILV2Details
Lysophospholipase, putativeQ8IM74Details
Polyadenylate-binding proteinQ8I5H4Details
Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40Q8ID50Details
Thioredoxin peroxidase 1Q8IL80Details
Protein transport protein SEC31O96221Details
Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase 1Q8IIJ9Details
ATP-dependent RNA helicase UAP56Q9TY94Details
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4Q8IBS5Details
Nucleoside transporter 2Q8IB78Details
Anamorsin homologC0H4X5Details
Glutamine synthetase, putativeC0H551Details
60S ribosomal protein L30e, putativeQ8IJK8Details
Casein kinase 2, alpha subunitQ8IIR9Details
Threonine--tRNA ligaseQ8IIA4Details
cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunitQ7KQK0Details
Elongation factor 1-gamma, putativeQ8IDV0Details
Thioredoxin-like proteinQ8IKL4Details
60S ribosomal protein L21Q8ILK3Details
60S ribosomal protein L14, putativeQ8ILE8Details
Inner membrane complex sub-compartment protein 3Q8IKM6Details
HSP40, subfamily A, putativeQ8IL88Details
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase subunit Pdx1C6KT50Details
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 1P62344Details
Ferredoxin--NADP reductase, apicoplastC6KT68Details
Importin subunit alphaQ8IAW0Details
Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetaseQ8IE67Details