Spirapril - DrugBank

ID Pharmacology Interactions References Trials Economics Properties Spectra Taxonomy

Targets (1)Transporters (2)

Targets (1)Transporters (2)Biointeractions (3)

Identification

Name

Spirapril

Accession Number

DB01348

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved

Description

Spirapril is an ACE inhibitor antihypertensive drug used to treat hypertension. Like many ACE inhibitors, this is a prodrug which is converted to the active metabolite spiraprilat following oral administration. ACE inhibitors are used primarily in treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Renormax

Spirapril

External IDs

Not Available

Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key	Details
Spirapril hydrochloride	OCC25LM897	94841-17-5	CLDOLNORSLLQDI-OOAIBONUSA-N	Details

Approved Prescription Products

Not Available

Approved Generic Prescription Products

Not Available

Approved Over the Counter Products

Not Available

Unapproved/Other Products

Not Available

International Brands

Name	Company
Renormax	Not Available

Brand mixtures

Not Available

Categories

UNII

96U2K78I3V

CAS number

83647-97-6

Weight

Average: 466.614
Monoisotopic: 466.15961346

Chemical Formula

C₂₂H₃₀N₂O₅S₂

InChI Key

HRWCVUIFMSZDJS-SZMVWBNQSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C22H30N2O5S2/c1-3-29-21(28)17(10-9-16-7-5-4-6-8-16)23-15(2)19(25)24-14-22(30-11-12-31-22)13-18(24)20(26)27/h4-8,15,17-18,23H,3,9-14H2,1-2H3,(H,26,27)/t15-,17-,18-/m0/s1

IUPAC Name

(8S)-7-[(2S)-2-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}propanoyl]-1,4-dithia-7-azaspiro[4.4]nonane-8-carboxylic acid

SMILES

CCOC(=O)[[email protected]](CCC1=CC=CC=C1)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CC2(C[[email protected]]1C(O)=O)SCCS2

Pharmacology

Indication

Spirapril is an ACE inhibitor class drug used to treat hypertension.

Structured Indications

Not Available

Pharmacodynamics

Spirapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance, angiotensin II. By blocking ACE, spirapril decreases angiotensin II which is a vasoconstrictor and inducer of aldosterone. So by inhibiting the enzymes, aldosterone secreation is decreased (so less sodium is reabsorbed) and there is a decrease in vasoconstriction. Combined, this leades to a decrease in blood pressure.

Mechanism of action

Spiraprilat, the active metabolite of spirapril, competes with angiotensin I for binding at the angiotensin-converting enzyme, blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II. As angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor and a negative-feedback mediator for renin activity, lower concentrations result in a decrease in blood pressure and stimulation of baroreceptor reflex mechanisms, which leads to decreased vasopressor activity and to decreased aldosterone secretion. Spiraprilat may also act on kininase II, an enzyme identical to ACE that degrades the vasodilator bradykinin.

Target	Kind	Pharmacological action	Actions	Organism	UniProt ID
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	Protein	yes	inhibitor	Human	P12821	details

Absorption

Bioavailability is 50% following oral administration.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Hepatic. Converted to spiraprilat following oral administration.

Substrate	Enzymes	Product
Spirapril	Not Available	Spiraprilat	Details

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half life

30 to 35 hours

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Pathways

Pathway	Category	SMPDB ID
Spirapril Action Pathway	Drug action	SMP00156
Spirapril Metabolism Pathway	Drug metabolism	SMP00598

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Drug	Interaction	Drug group
7,8-DICHLORO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINE	7,8-DICHLORO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINE may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Experimental
Abacavir	The serum concentration of Abacavir can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Acebutolol	Acebutolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Aceclofenac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Aceclofenac.	Approved
Acetylsalicylic acid	Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Adapalene	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Adapalene.	Approved
Alfuzosin	The serum concentration of Alfuzosin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Aliskiren	Aliskiren may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Allopurinol	The risk of a hypersensitivity reaction to Allopurinol is increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Alogliptin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alogliptin is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Alprazolam	The serum concentration of Alprazolam can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Illicit, Investigational
Alprenolol	Alprenolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Withdrawn
Ambrisentan	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Ambrisentan.	Approved, Investigational
Ambroxol acefyllinate	The serum concentration of Ambroxol acefyllinate can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Experimental
Amifostine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Amifostine.	Approved, Investigational
Amiloride	Amiloride may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Amineptine	The serum concentration of Amineptine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Illicit, Withdrawn
Aminophylline	The serum concentration of Aminophylline can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Aminosalicylic Acid	Aminosalicylic Acid may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Amitriptyline	The serum concentration of Amitriptyline can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Amlodipine	Amlodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Andrographolide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with HMPL-004.	Investigational
Antipyrine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Antipyrine.	Approved
Apremilast	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Apremilast.	Approved, Investigational
Aprotinin	Aprotinin may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Withdrawn
Ardeparin	Ardeparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Withdrawn
Atenolol	Atenolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Atorvastatin	The serum concentration of Atorvastatin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Azapropazone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Azapropazone.	Withdrawn
Azathioprine	Spirapril may increase the myelosuppressive activities of Azathioprine.	Approved
Azelastine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Azelastine.	Approved
Azilsartan medoxomil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azilsartan medoxomil is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Balsalazide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Balsalazide.	Approved, Investigational
Bemiparin	Bemiparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Benazepril	Benazepril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Bendroflumethiazide	Bendroflumethiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Benmoxin	Benmoxin may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Benoxaprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Benoxaprofen.	Withdrawn
Bepridil	Bepridil may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Withdrawn
Betaxolol	Betaxolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Bethanidine	Bethanidine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Betulinic Acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Betulinic Acid.	Investigational
Bimatoprost	Bimatoprost may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Bisoprolol	Bisoprolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Boceprevir	The serum concentration of Spirapril can be decreased when it is combined with Boceprevir.	Approved, Investigational
Bosentan	Bosentan may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Bretylium	Bretylium may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Brimonidine	Brimonidine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Brimonidine	Brimonidine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Bromfenac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Bromfenac.	Approved
Bromocriptine	The serum concentration of Bromocriptine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Bumetanide	Bumetanide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Bupranolol	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Bupranolol.	Approved
Cabergoline	The serum concentration of Cabergoline can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Canagliflozin	Canagliflozin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Candesartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Candesartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Candoxatril	Candoxatril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Experimental
Captopril	Captopril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Carbamazepine	The metabolism of Spirapril can be increased when combined with Carbamazepine.	Approved, Investigational
Caroxazone	Caroxazone may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Carprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Carprofen.	Approved, Vet Approved, Withdrawn
Carteolol	Carteolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Carvedilol	Carvedilol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Castanospermine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Castanospermine.	Experimental
Celecoxib	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Celecoxib.	Approved, Investigational
Celiprolol	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Celiprolol.	Approved, Investigational
Certoparin	Certoparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Chloroquine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Chloroquine.	Approved, Vet Approved
Chlorothiazide	Chlorothiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Chlorotrianisene	The serum concentration of Chlorotrianisene can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Chlorthalidone	Chlorthalidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Choline magnesium trisalicylate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Trisalicylate-choline.	Approved
Cilazapril	Cilazapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Ciprofloxacin	Spirapril may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Ciprofloxacin.	Approved, Investigational
Cisapride	The serum concentration of Cisapride can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn
Clarithromycin	The therapeutic efficacy of Clarithromycin can be decreased when used in combination with Spirapril.	Approved
Clomipramine	The serum concentration of Clomipramine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Clonidine	Clonidine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Clonixin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Clonixin.	Approved
Conjugated estrogens	The serum concentration of Conjugated Equine Estrogens can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Cryptenamine	Cryptenamine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Cyclobenzaprine	The serum concentration of Cyclobenzaprine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Cyclophosphamide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Cyclophosphamide.	Approved, Investigational
Cyclosporine	The serum concentration of Cyclosporine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved
Cyclothiazide	Cyclothiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Dalteparin	Dalteparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Dapoxetine	Dapoxetine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Investigational
Debrisoquin	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Debrisoquin.	Approved
Delavirdine	The serum concentration of Delavirdine can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Deserpidine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Deserpidine.	Approved
Desipramine	The serum concentration of Desipramine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Diazoxide	Diazoxide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Diclofenac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Diclofenac.	Approved, Vet Approved
Dienestrol	The serum concentration of Dienestrol can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Diethylstilbestrol	The serum concentration of Diethylstilbestrol can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Diflunisal	Diflunisal may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Digoxin	The serum concentration of Digoxin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Dihydroergotamine	The serum concentration of Dihydroergotamine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Diltiazem	The metabolism of Diltiazem can be decreased when combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Dorzolamide	Dorzolamide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Dosulepin	The serum concentration of Dosulepin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Doxazosin	Doxazosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Doxepin	The serum concentration of Doxepin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Drospirenone	Spirapril may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Drospirenone.	Approved
Droxicam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Droxicam.	Approved
Dyphylline	The serum concentration of Dyphylline can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Efonidipine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Efonidipine.	Approved
Enalapril	Enalapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Enalaprilat	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Enalaprilat.	Approved
Enfuvirtide	The serum concentration of Enfuvirtide can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Enoxaparin	Enoxaparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Epirizole	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Epirizole.	Approved
Eplerenone	Eplerenone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Epoprostenol	Epoprostenol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Eprosartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Eprosartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Ergoloid mesylate	The serum concentration of Ergoloid mesylate can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Ergonovine	The serum concentration of Ergonovine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Ergotamine	The serum concentration of Ergotamine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Esmirtazapine	The serum concentration of Esmirtazapine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Investigational
Estradiol	The serum concentration of Estradiol can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved
Estramustine	The serum concentration of Estramustine can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Estrogens, esterified	The serum concentration of Estrogens, esterified can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Estrone sulfate	The serum concentration of Estrone sulfate can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Etacrynic acid	Etacrynic acid may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Etanercept	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Etanercept.	Approved, Investigational
Ethinyl Estradiol	The serum concentration of Ethinyl Estradiol can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Etodolac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Etodolac.	Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved
Etofenamate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Etofenamate.	Approved
Etoricoxib	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Etoricoxib.	Approved, Investigational
Etravirine	The serum concentration of Etravirine can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Everolimus	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Everolimus is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Felodipine	Felodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Fenbufen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Fenbufen.	Approved
Fenoldopam	Fenoldopam may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Fenoprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Fenoprofen.	Approved
Floctafenine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Floctafenine.	Approved, Withdrawn
Flurbiprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Flurbiprofen.	Approved, Investigational
Forasartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Forasartan is combined with Spirapril.	Experimental
Fosinopril	Fosinopril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Furazolidone	Furazolidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Furosemide	Furosemide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Guanabenz	Guanabenz may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Guanadrel	Guanadrel may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Guanethidine	Guanethidine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Guanfacine	Guanfacine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Heparin	Heparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Hexamethonium	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Hexamethonium.	Experimental
Hexestrol	The serum concentration of Hexestrol can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Hydracarbazine	Hydracarbazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Hydralazine	Hydralazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Hydrochlorothiazide	Hydrochlorothiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Hydroflumethiazide	Hydroflumethiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Ibuprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Ibuprofen.	Approved
Ibuproxam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Ibuproxam.	Withdrawn
Icatibant	Icatibant may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Iloprost	Iloprost may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Imipramine	The serum concentration of Imipramine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Indapamide	Indapamide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Indenolol	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Indenolol.	Withdrawn
Indomethacin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Indomethacin.	Approved, Investigational
Indoprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Indoprofen.	Withdrawn
Indoramin	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Indoramin.	Withdrawn
Iproclozide	Iproclozide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Iproniazid	Iproniazid may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Irbesartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Irbesartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Iron	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Iron.	Approved
Iron Dextran	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Iron Dextran.	Approved, Vet Approved
Isocarboxazid	Isocarboxazid may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Isoxicam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Isoxicam.	Withdrawn
Isradipine	Isradipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Kebuzone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Kebuzone.	Experimental
Ketoprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Ketoprofen.	Approved, Vet Approved
Ketorolac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Ketorolac.	Approved
Labetalol	Labetalol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Lacidipine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Lacidipine.	Approved
Lanthanum carbonate	The serum concentration of Spirapril can be decreased when it is combined with Lanthanum carbonate.	Approved
Latanoprost	Latanoprost may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Leflunomide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Leflunomide.	Approved, Investigational
Lercanidipine	Lercanidipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Linagliptin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Linagliptin is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Lisinopril	Lisinopril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Lithium	The serum concentration of Lithium can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Lofexidine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Lofexidine.	Approved, Investigational
Lornoxicam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Lornoxicam.	Approved
Losartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Losartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Lovastatin	The serum concentration of Lovastatin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Loxoprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Loxoprofen.	Approved
Lumiracoxib	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Lumiracoxib.	Approved, Investigational
Macitentan	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Macitentan.	Approved
Magnesium salicylate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Magnesium salicylate.	Approved
Manidipine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Manidipine.	Approved
Masoprocol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Masoprocol.	Approved
Mebanazine	Mebanazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Mecamylamine	Mecamylamine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Meclofenamic acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Meclofenamic acid.	Approved, Vet Approved
Mefenamic acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Mefenamic acid.	Approved
Meloxicam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Meloxicam.	Approved, Vet Approved
Mesalazine	Mesalazine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Mestranol	The serum concentration of Mestranol can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Metamizole	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Metamizole.	Withdrawn
Methallenestril	The serum concentration of Methallenestril can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Experimental
Methyclothiazide	Methyclothiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Methyldopa	Methyldopa may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Methylene blue	Methylene blue may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Investigational
Methylphenidate	Methylphenidate may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Metipranolol	Metipranolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Metolazone	Metolazone may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Metoprolol	Metoprolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Metyrosine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Metyrosine.	Approved
Mibefradil	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Mibefradil.	Withdrawn
Midazolam	The serum concentration of Midazolam can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Illicit
Minaprine	Minaprine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Minoxidil	Minoxidil may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Mirtazapine	The serum concentration of Mirtazapine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Moclobemide	Moclobemide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Moexipril	Moexipril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Molsidomine	Molsidomine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Moxonidine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Moxonidine.	Approved
Mycophenolate mofetil	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Mycophenolate mofetil.	Approved, Investigational
Mycophenolic acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Mycophenolic acid.	Approved
Nabumetone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Nabumetone.	Approved
Nadolol	Nadolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nadroparin	Nadroparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nafamostat	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Nafamostat.	Approved, Investigational
Naftifine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Naftifine.	Approved
Naproxen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Naproxen.	Approved, Vet Approved
NCX 4016	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with NCX 4016.	Investigational
Nebivolol	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Nebivolol.	Approved, Investigational
Nefazodone	The serum concentration of Nefazodone can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Withdrawn
Nepafenac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Nepafenac.	Approved
Nialamide	Nialamide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Nicardipine	Nicardipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nicorandil	Nicorandil may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Niflumic Acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Niflumic Acid.	Approved
Niguldipine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Niguldipine.	Experimental
Nilvadipine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Nilvadipine.	Approved
Nimesulide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Nimesulide.	Approved, Withdrawn
Nimodipine	Nimodipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nisoldipine	Nisoldipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nitrendipine	Nitrendipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nitroprusside	Nitroprusside may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Nortriptyline	The serum concentration of Nortriptyline can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Obinutuzumab	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Obinutuzumab.	Approved
Octamoxin	Octamoxin may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Olmesartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Olmesartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Olopatadine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Olopatadine.	Approved
Olsalazine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Olsalazine.	Approved
Omapatrilat	Omapatrilat may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Investigational
Oxaprozin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Oxaprozin.	Approved
Oxprenolol	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Oxprenolol.	Approved
Oxyphenbutazone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Oxyphenbutazone.	Withdrawn
Parecoxib	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Parecoxib.	Approved
Pargyline	Pargyline may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Parnaparin	Parnaparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Penbutolol	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Penbutolol.	Approved, Investigational
Pentolinium	Pentolinium may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Pentoxifylline	Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Perindopril	Perindopril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Pethidine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Pethidine.	Approved
Phenelzine	Phenelzine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Pheniprazine	Pheniprazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Phenoxybenzamine	Phenoxybenzamine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Phenoxypropazine	Phenoxypropazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Phentolamine	Phentolamine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Phenylbutazone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Phenylbutazone.	Approved, Vet Approved
Pimecrolimus	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Pimecrolimus.	Approved, Investigational
Pimozide	The serum concentration of Pimozide can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Pindolol	Pindolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Piretanide	Piretanide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Experimental
Pirfenidone	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Pirfenidone.	Investigational
Pirlindole	Pirlindole may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Piroxicam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Piroxicam.	Approved, Investigational
Pivhydrazine	Pivhydrazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Polythiazide	Polythiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Prazosin	Prazosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Pregabalin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Pregabalin.	Approved, Illicit, Investigational
Propacetamol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Propacetamol.	Approved
Propranolol	Propranolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Protriptyline	The serum concentration of Protriptyline can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
PTC299	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with PTC299.	Investigational
Quinapril	Quinapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Quinethazone	Quinethazone may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Quinine	Quinine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Ramipril	Ramipril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Rasagiline	Rasagiline may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Remikiren	Remikiren may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Rescinnamine	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Rescinnamine.	Approved
Reserpine	Reserpine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Resveratrol	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Resveratrol.	Experimental, Investigational
Reviparin	Reviparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Riociguat	The serum concentration of Riociguat can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Rituximab	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Rituximab.	Approved
Rofecoxib	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Rofecoxib.	Investigational, Withdrawn
Rosuvastatin	The serum concentration of Rosuvastatin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Sacubitril	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Sacubitril.	Approved
Safrazine	Safrazine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Withdrawn
Salicylamide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Salicylamide.	Approved
Salicylic acid	Salicylic acid may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Salsalate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Salsalate.	Approved
Saprisartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Saprisartan is combined with Spirapril.	Experimental
Saxagliptin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Saxagliptin is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Selegiline	Selegiline may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved
Selexipag	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Selexipag.	Approved
Sildenafil	The serum concentration of Sildenafil can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Simeprevir	The serum concentration of Simeprevir can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Simvastatin	The serum concentration of Simvastatin can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Sirolimus	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sirolimus is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Sitagliptin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sitagliptin is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Sitaxentan	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Sitaxentan.	Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn
Sodium aurothiomalate	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Sodium aurothiomalate.	Approved
Spironolactone	Spironolactone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
SRT501	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with SRT501.	Investigational
St. John's Wort	The metabolism of Spirapril can be increased when combined with St. John's Wort.	Nutraceutical
Sulfasalazine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Sulfasalazine.	Approved
Sulindac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Sulindac.	Approved
Suprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Suprofen.	Approved, Withdrawn
Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A	The serum concentration of Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Tacrolimus	The metabolism of Tacrolimus can be decreased when combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Tadalafil	Tadalafil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Tasosartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tasosartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Telmisartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Telmisartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Temocapril	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Temocapril.	Experimental, Investigational
Temsirolimus	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Temsirolimus.	Approved
Tenoxicam	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Tenoxicam.	Approved
Teriflunomide	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Teriflunomide.	Approved
Terlipressin	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Terlipressin.	Approved, Investigational
Theophylline	The serum concentration of Theophylline can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Tianeptine	The serum concentration of Tianeptine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Tiaprofenic acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Tiaprofenic acid.	Approved
Tibolone	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Tibolone.	Approved
Ticrynafen	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Ticrynafen.	Withdrawn
Timolol	Timolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Tinzaparin	Tinzaparin may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Tipranavir	The serum concentration of Spirapril can be decreased when it is combined with Tipranavir.	Approved, Investigational
Tizanidine	Tizanidine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Tolazoline	Tolazoline may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Tolfenamic Acid	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Tolfenamic Acid.	Approved
Tolmetin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Tolmetin.	Approved
Toloxatone	Toloxatone may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Tolvaptan	Tolvaptan may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Torasemide	Torasemide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Trandolapril	Trandolapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Tranilast	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Tranilast.	Approved, Investigational
Trans-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine	Trans-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Experimental
Tranylcypromine	Tranylcypromine may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Travoprost	Travoprost may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Treprostinil	Treprostinil may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Triamterene	Triamterene may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Triazolam	The serum concentration of Triazolam can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Trichlormethiazide	Trichlormethiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Trimazosin	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Trimazosin.	Experimental
Trimethaphan	Trimethaphan may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Trimethoprim	Trimethoprim may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Trimipramine	The serum concentration of Trimipramine can be increased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Udenafil	Udenafil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Unoprostone	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Unoprostone.	Approved
Valdecoxib	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Valdecoxib.	Investigational, Withdrawn
Valproic Acid	The serum concentration of Valproic Acid can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Valsartan	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valsartan is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Vardenafil	Vardenafil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved
Verapamil	The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Vildagliptin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vildagliptin is combined with Spirapril.	Approved, Investigational
Xylometazoline	Spirapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Xylometazoline.	Approved
Yohimbine	Yohimbine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Spirapril.	Approved, Vet Approved
Zaltoprofen	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Zaltoprofen.	Approved
Zidovudine	The serum concentration of Zidovudine can be decreased when it is combined with Spirapril.	Approved
Zileuton	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Zileuton.	Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn
Zomepirac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spirapril is combined with Zomepirac.	Withdrawn

Food Interactions

Avoid alcohol.
Do not take calcium, aluminum, magnesium or iron supplements within 2 hours of taking this medication.
Herbs that may attenuate the antihypertensive effect of spirapril include: bayberry, blue cohash, cayenne, ephedra, ginger, ginseng (American), kola and licorice.
High salt intake may attenuate the antihypertensive effect of spirapril.
Spirapril may decrease the excretion of potassium. Salt substitutes containing potassium may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General References

Hannedouche T, Ikeni A, Marques LP, Natov S, Dechaux M, Schmitt F, Lacour B, Grunfeld JP: Renal effects of angiotensin II in normotensive subjects on short-term cilazapril treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;19 Suppl 6:S25-7. [PubMed:1382161 ]
Noble S, Sorkin EM: Spirapril. A preliminary review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of hypertension. Drugs. 1995 May;49(5):750-66. [PubMed:7601014 ]
Rosendorff C, Patton J, Radford HM, Kalliatakis B: Alpha-adrenergic and angiotensin II pressor sensitivity in hypertensive patients treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;19 Suppl 6:S105-9. [PubMed:1382157 ]
Shohat J, Wittenberg C, Erman A, Rosenfeld J, Boner G: Acute and chronic effects of spirapril, alone or in combination with isradipine on kidney function and blood pressure in patients with reduced kidney function and hypertension. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1999 Feb;33(1):57-62. [PubMed:10100366 ]

External Links

Resource	Link
Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)	HMDB15438
PubChem Compound	5311447
PubChem Substance	46506126
ChemSpider	4470933
BindingDB	50017124
ChEBI	135756
ChEMBL	CHEMBL431
Therapeutic Targets Database	DAP000911
PharmGKB	PA164776913
Wikipedia	Spirapril

ATC Codes

C09AA11

AHFS Codes

Not Available

PDB Entries

Not Available

FDA label

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

Clinical Trials

Not Available

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage forms

Not Available

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.0293 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	1.79	ALOGPS
logP	1.6	ChemAxon
logS	-4.2	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	3.62	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	5.2	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	5	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	95.94 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	10	ChemAxon
Refractivity	121.94 m³·mol^-1	ChemAxon
Polarizability	48.74 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	3	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Predicted ADMET features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	-	0.5287
Blood Brain Barrier	-	0.9614
Caco-2 permeable	-	0.83
P-glycoprotein substrate	Substrate	0.8223
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.6938
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.7426
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.8836
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.833
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8553
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Non-substrate	0.5658
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.8439
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7259
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8813
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.5956
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Inhibitor	0.5073
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.6331
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.8764
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.908
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.9115
Rat acute toxicity	2.2396 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.9961
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.5579

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397 )

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	Not Available

Taxonomy

Description

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of exactly two alpha-amino acids joined by a peptide bond.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

Dipeptides

Alternative Parents

N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acids / Alpha amino acid esters / Alpha amino acid amides / Pyrrolidine carboxylic acids / N-acylpyrrolidines / Fatty acid esters / Dithioketals / Aralkylamines / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives / Benzene and substituted derivatives

Substituents

Alpha-dipeptide / Alpha-amino acid ester / N-acyl-alpha-amino acid / N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives / N-acyl-l-alpha-amino acid / Alpha-amino acid amide / Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / N-acylpyrrolidine / Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid / Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

Not Available

Targets

Details

1. Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: inhibitor

General Function:: Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:: Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent vasodilator. Has also a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety.
Gene Name:: ACE
Uniprot ID:: P12821
Molecular Weight:: 149713.675 Da

References

Song JC, White CM: Clinical pharmacokinetics and selective pharmacodynamics of new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: an update. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2002;41(3):207-24. [PubMed:11929321 ]
Maul B, Krause W, Pankow K, Becker M, Gembardt F, Alenina N, Walther T, Bader M, Siems WE: Central angiotensin II controls alcohol consumption via its AT1 receptor. FASEB J. 2005 Sep;19(11):1474-81. [PubMed:16126915 ]
Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Fontao MJ, Mojon A, Alonso I, Fernandez JR: Administration-time-dependent effects of spirapril on ambulatory blood pressure in uncomplicated essential hypertension. Chronobiol Int. 2010 May;27(3):560-74. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2010.485411. [PubMed:20524801 ]
Arend U, Albrecht S, Meisel E, Schmidt J: [Influence of ACE inhibitor spirapril on left ventricular hypertrophy]. Fortschr Med Orig. 2002 Dec 5;120(4):147-50. [PubMed:12613273 ]
Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]

Transporters

Details

1. Solute carrier family 15 member 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrate

General Function:: Proton-dependent oligopeptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. May constitute a major route for the absorption of protein digestion end-products.
Gene Name:: SLC15A1
Uniprot ID:: P46059
Molecular Weight:: 78805.265 Da

References

Knutter I, Wollesky C, Kottra G, Hahn MG, Fischer W, Zebisch K, Neubert RH, Daniel H, Brandsch M: Transport of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors by H+/peptide transporters revisited. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Nov;327(2):432-41. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.143339. Epub 2008 Aug 19. [PubMed:18713951 ]

Details

2. Solute carrier family 15 member 2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrate

General Function:: Peptide:proton symporter activity
Specific Function:: Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides.
Gene Name:: SLC15A2
Uniprot ID:: Q16348
Molecular Weight:: 81782.77 Da

References

Knutter I, Wollesky C, Kottra G, Hahn MG, Fischer W, Zebisch K, Neubert RH, Daniel H, Brandsch M: Transport of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors by H+/peptide transporters revisited. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Nov;327(2):432-41. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.143339. Epub 2008 Aug 19. [PubMed:18713951 ]

Drug created on June 30, 2007 12:15 / Updated on June 11, 2017 15:50

Get DrugBank to go!

Structure for DB01348 (Spirapril)

Targets

References

Transporters

References

References