| DB00001 | Lepirudin | For the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia |
| DB00006 | Bivalirudin | For treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and for the prevention of thrombosis. Bivalirudin is indicated for use in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), in patients at moderate to high risk acute coronary syndromes due to unstable angina or non-ST segment elevation in whom a PCI is planned. |
| DB00058 | Alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor | For chronic augmentation and maintenance therapy in individuals with alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (A1-PI) deficiency and clinical evidence of emphysema. |
| DB00091 | Ciclosporin | Cyclosporine is officially approved for different conditions listed below:
* Prophylaxis of organ rejection in kidney, liver, and heart allogeneic transplants. For this indication, it can be used concomitantly with azathioprine and corticosteroids.
* Treatment of patients with severe active, rheumatoid arthritis when the patient no longer responds to methotrexate.
* Concomitantly with methotrexate for the treatment of patients with severe active rheumatoid arthritis when patients do not respond to methotrexate treatment alone.
* Treatment of adult nonimmunocompromised patients with severe, recalcitrant, plaque psoriasis that have failed to respond to at least one systemic therapy or when systemic therapies are not tolerated or contraindicated.[FDA label]
* Its ophthalmic solution is indicated to increase tear production in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca in patients from 4 years old.[L5158]
* Prevention of graft rejection following bone marrow transplantation and in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
* Treatment of steroid dependent and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome due to glomerular diseases such as minimal change nephropathy, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis or membranous glomerulonephritis in adults and children.[F3091]
Away from all this approved and reviewed indications, cyclosporine is commonly used on dermatology for the treatment of various inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis, blistering disorders, and connective tissue diseases.[A174085] |
| DB00175 | Pravastatin | Pravastatin is indicated for primary prevention of coronary events hypercholesterolemic patients without clinical evidence of coronary heart disease. Its use includes the reduction of risk on myocardial infarction, undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures and cardiovascular mortality.[T274]
As well, pravastatin can be used as a secondary prevention agent for cardiovascular events in patients with clinically evident coronary heart disease. This indication includes the reduction of risk of total mortality by reducing coronary death, myocardial infarction, undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures, stroke, and stroke/transient ischemic attack as well as to slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.[T274]
The term cardiovascular events correspond to all the incidents that can produce damage to the heart muscle including the interruption of blood flow.[L6028]
As adjunctive therapy to diet, pravastatin is used in:
- Patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemias including hyperlipidemia type IIa and IIb.
- Patients with elevated serum triglycerides including type IV hyperlipidemia.
- Patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in patients over 8 years of age with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol higher than 190 mg/dl after diet modifications or LDL levels higher than 160 mg/dl and familial history of premature cardiovascular diseases or at least two cardiovascular risk factors.[T274]
In patients that do not respond adequately to diet, pravastatin is used to treat patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (type III hyperlipidemia).[T274]
Dyslipidemia is defined as an elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides or both as well as to the presence of low levels of high-density lipoprotein. This condition represents an increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis.[L6025] |
| DB00176 | Fluvoxamine | Indicated predominantly for the management of depression and for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) [FDA Label]. Has also been used in the management of bulimia nervosa [A250]. |
| DB00178 | Ramipril | For the management of mild to severe hypertension. May be used to reduce cardiovascular mortality following myocardial infarction in hemodynamically stable individuals who develop clinical signs of congestive heart failure within a few days following myocardial infarction. [FDA Label] To reduce the rate of death, myocardial infarction and stroke in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events. May be used to slow the progression of renal disease in individuals with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and microalubinuria or overt nephropathy. [T116] |
| DB00179 | Masoprocol | Used for the treatment of actinic keratoses (precancerous skin growths that can become malignant if left untreated). |
| DB00190 | Carbidopa | Carbidopa is indicated with [levodopa] for the treatment of symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson disease, postencephalitic parkinsonism and symptomatic parkinsonism followed by carbon monoxide or manganese intoxication.[FDA label]
The combination therapy is administered for the reduction of [levodopa]-driven nausea and vomiting.[FDA label]
The product of carbidopa should be used in patients where the combination therapy of carbidopa/[levodopa] provide less than the adequate daily dosage.[FDA label]
As well carbidopa can be used in patients where the dosages of carbidopa and [levodopa] require individual titration.[FDA label] |
| DB00196 | Fluconazole | Fluconazole can be administered in the treatment of the following fungal infections[FDA label]:
1) Vaginal yeast infections caused by Candida
2) Systemic Candida infections
3) Both esophageal and oropharyngeal candidiasis
4) Cryptococcal meningitis
5) UTI (urinary tract infection) by Candida
6) Peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum) caused by Candida
**A note on fungal infection prophylaxis**
Patients receiving bone marrow transplantation who are treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy may be predisposed to candida infections, and may receive fluconazole as prophylactic therapy.[FDA label]
**A note on laboratory testing**
Obtaining specimens for fungal culture and other important laboratory studies such as serology or pathology is advised before starting fluconazole therapy in order to isolate the organisms to be eliminated through treatment. It is permissible to start therapy before the results are available, however, adjusting the therapy once laboratory results confirm the causative organism may be necessary.[FDA label]
|
| DB00199 | Erythromycin |
Erythromycin is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the diseases listed below [FDA label]:
_Respiratory infections_
**Upper respiratory tract infections** of mild to moderate degree caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae (when used concomitantly with adequate doses of sulfonamides, since many strains of H. influenzae are not susceptible to the erythromycin concentrations ordinarily achieved) [FDA label].
**Lower-respiratory tract infections** of mild to moderate severity caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Streptococcus pyogenes.
Listeriosis caused by Listeria monocytogenes [FDA label].
**Pertussis (whooping cough)** caused by Bordetella pertussis. Erythromycin is effective in eliminating the organism from the nasopharynx of infected individuals rendering them noninfectious. Some clinical studies suggest that erythromycin may be helpful in the prophylaxis of pertussis in exposed susceptible individuals [FDA label].
**Respiratory tract infections** due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae [FDA label].
**Legionnaires’ Disease** caused by Legionella pneumophila. Although no controlled clinical efficacy studies have been conducted, in vitro and limited preliminary clinical data suggest that erythromycin may be effective in treating Legionnaires’ Disease [FDA label].
**Diphtheria**: Infections due to Corynebacterium diphtheriae, as an adjunct to antitoxin, to prevent establishment of carriers and to eradicate the organism in carriers [FDA label].
_Skin infections_
**Skin and skin structure infections** of mild to moderate severity caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus (resistant staphylococci may emerge during treatment) [FDA label].
**Erythrasma**: In the treatment of infections due to Corynebacterium minutissimum [FDA label].
_Gastrointestinal infections_
**Intestinal amebiasis** caused by Entamoeba histolytica (oral erythromycins only). Extraenteric amebiasis requires treatment with other agents [FDA label].
_Genital infections/STIs_
**Acute pelvic inflammatory disease** caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae: As an alternative drug in treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease caused by N. gonorrhoeae in female patients with a history of sensitivity to penicillin. Patients should have a serologic test for syphilis before receiving erythromycin as treatment of gonorrhea and a follow-up serologic test for syphilis after 3 months [FDA label].
**Syphilis** caused by Treponema pallidum: Erythromycin is an alternate choice of treatment for primary syphilis in patients allergic to the penicillins. In treatment of primary syphilis, spinal fluid examinations should be done before treatment and as part of follow-up after therapy [FDA label].
**Chlamydia trachomatis**: conjunctivitis of the newborn, pneumonia of infancy, and urogenital infections during pregnancy. When tetracyclines are contraindicated or not tolerated, erythromycin is indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections in adults due to Chlamydia trachomatis [FDA label].
**Nongonnoconnal urethritis**: When tetracyclines are contraindicated or not tolerated, erythromycin is indicated for the treatment of nongonococcal urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum [FDA label].
|
| DB00201 | Caffeine | For management of fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and for the short term treatment of apnea of prematurity in infants. |
| DB00203 | Sildenafil | Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor that is predominantly employed for two primary indications:
(1) the treatment of erectile dysfunction [A175582, L5611, F3853, F3856, F3886]; and
(2) treatment of pulmonary hypertension, where:
a) the US FDA specifically indicates sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (WHO Group I) in adults to improve exercise ability and delay clinical worsening [F3850]. The delay in clinical worsening was demonstrated when sildenafil was added to background epoprostenol therapy [F3850]. Studies establishing effectiveness were short-term (12 to 16 weeks), and included predominately patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class II-III symptoms and idiopathic etiology (71%) or associated with connective tissue disease (CTD) (25%) [F3850];
b) the Canadian product monograph specifically indicates sildenafil for the treatment of primary pulmonary arterial hypertension (PPH) or pulmonary hypertension secondary to connective tissue disease (CTD) in adult patients with WHO functional class II or III who have not responded to conventional therapy [F3859]. In addition, improvement in exercise ability and delay in clinical worsening was demonstrated in adult patients who were already stabilized on background epoprostenol therapy [F3859]; and
c) the EMA product information specifically indicates sildenafil for the treatment of adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension classified as WHO functional class II and III, to improve exercise capacity [F3883]. Efficacy has been shown in primary pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypertension associated with connective tissue disease [F3883]. The EMA label also indicates sildenafil for the treatment of pediatric patients aged 1 year to 17 years old with pulmonary arterial hypertension [F3883]. Efficacy in terms of improvement of exercise capacity or pulmonary hemodynamics has been shown in primary pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease [F3883]. |
| DB00205 | Pyrimethamine | For the treatment of toxoplasmosis and acute malaria; For the prevention of malaria in areas non-resistant to pyrimethamine |
| DB00208 | Ticlopidine | Used in patients, who have had a stroke or stroke precursors and who cannot take aspirin or aspirin has not worked, to try to prevent another thrombotic stroke.
|
| DB00212 | Remikiren | For the treatment of hypertension and heart failure |
| DB00213 | Pantoprazole |
**Pantoprazole Injection**:
**Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease associated with a history of erosive esophagitis**
Pantoprazole for injection is indicated for short-term treatment (7-10 days) of patients having gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with a history of erosive esophagitis, as an alternative to oral medication in patients who are unable to continue taking pantoprazole delayed-release tablets. _Safety and efficacy of pantoprazole injection as the initial treatment of patients having GERD with a history of erosive esophagitis have not been demonstrated at this time_ [FDA label].
**Pathological Hypersecretion Associated with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome**
Pantoprazole for injection is indicated for the treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions associated with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome or other neoplastic conditions [FDA label].
**Pantoprazole delayed-release oral suspension**:
**Short-Term Treatment of erosive esophagitis associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)**
Indicated in adults and pediatric patients five years of age and above for the short-term treatment (up to 8 weeks) in the healing and symptomatic relief of erosive esophagitis. For adult patients who have not healed after 8 weeks of treatment, an additional 8-week course of pantoprazole may be considered. Safety of treatment beyond 8 weeks in pediatric patients has not been determined [F3202].
**Maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis**
Indicated for maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis and reduction in relapse rates of daytime and nighttime heartburn symptoms in adult patients with GERD [F3202].
**Pathological hypersecretory conditions including Zollinger-Ellison syndrome**
Indicated for the long-term treatment of the above conditions [F3202]. |
| DB00218 | Moxifloxacin | For the treatment of sinus and lung infections such as sinusitis, pneumonia, and secondary infections in chronic bronchitis. Also for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis (pinkeye). |
| DB00220 | Nelfinavir | Used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children. |
| DB00224 | Indinavir | Indinavir is an antiretroviral drug for the treatment of HIV infection. |
| DB00227 | Lovastatin | Lovastatin is indicated as an intervention alternative in individuals presenting dyslipidemia at risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease. The administration of this agent should be accompanied by the implementation of a fat and cholesterol-restricted diet.[FDA label]
In individuals with risk factors related to elevated total cholesterol, elevated LDL cholesterol and below average HDL cholesterol, lovastatin can be used to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, unstable angina and coronary revascularization procedures.[FDA label]
As well, lovastatin is indicated to slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary heart disease.[FDA label]
Lovastatin is used as part of the multiple risk factor intervention with a saturated fat-restricted diet in patients with significantly increased risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. The administration of lovastatin is restricted to patients to whom the administration of a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol or the application of nonpharmaceutical measures are inadequate or irresponsive.[FDA label]
Lovastatin is indicated as an adjunct therapy to diet to reduce total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B level in adolescents between 10-17 years. The administration of lovastatin is restricted to patients in which adequate diet has been unresponsive as seen by LDL cholesterol higher than 189 mg/dL or LDL cholesterol higher than 160 mg/dL and history of family cardiovascular disease or with two or more cardiovascular disease risk factors.[FDA label]
Before administering lovastatin, it is important to rule out the presence of secondary causes of hypercholesterolemia and a lipid profile should be performed.[FDA label]
Lovastatin is used off-label for the treatment and management of peripheral artery disease.[T415] |
| DB00235 | Milrinone | Indicated for the treatment of congestive heart failure. |
| DB00238 | Nevirapine | For use in combination with other antiretroviral drugs in the ongoing treatment of HIV-1 infection. |
| DB00249 | Idoxuridine | For use in keratoconjunctivitis and keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus. |
| DB00250 | Dapsone | For the treatment and management of leprosy and dermatitis herpetiformis. |
| DB00257 | Clotrimazole | **Topical preparations**
Clotrimazole topical cream is indicated for the topical treatment of the following dermal infections [F3088], [F3121]:
Tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis due to _Trichophyton rubrum_, _Trichophyton mentagrophytes_, _Epidermophyton floccosum_
Candidiasis due to _Candida albicans_
Tinea versicolor due to _Malassezia furfur_
Diaper rash infected by _Candida albicans_
In some preparations, clotrimazole may be combined with betamethasone dipropionate, a corticosteroid [F3121].
**Oral preparations**
The oral troche preparation is indicated for the local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis [FDA label]. It is also indicated as a prophylactic drug to reduce the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients immunocompromised by conditions such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or steroid therapy utilized in the treatment of leukemia, solid tumors, or renal transplantation [FDA label]. Troche preparations are not indicated for the treatment of any systemic mycoses [FDA label]. |
| DB00266 | Dicoumarol | For decreasing blood clotting. Often used along with heparin for treatment of deep vein thrombosis. |
| DB00277 | Theophylline | For the treatment of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases, such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. |
| DB00278 | Argatroban | Argatroban is indicated for prevention and treatment of thrombosis caused by heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). It is also indicated for use in patients with, or at risk for, HIT who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. |
| DB00284 | Acarbose | For treatment and management of diabetes type II (used in combination therapy as a second or third line agent) |
| DB00293 | Raltitrexed | For the treatment of malignant neoplasm of colon and rectum |
| DB00305 | Mitomycin | For treatment of malignant neoplasm of lip, oral cavity, pharynx, digestive organs, peritoneum, female breast, and urinary bladder. Also used as an adjunct to ab externo glaucoma surgery. |
| DB00311 | Ethoxzolamide | For use in the treatment of duodenal ulcers, as a diuretic, and in the treatment of glaucoma, and may also be useful in the treatment of seizures associated with epilepsy. |
| DB00313 | Valproic Acid | **Indicated** for:[Label]
1) Use as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the management of complex partial seizures and simple or complex absence seizures.
2) Adjunctive therapy in the management of multiple seizure types that include absence seizures.
3) Prophylaxis of migraine headaches.
4) Acute management of mania associated with bipolar disorder.
**Off-label** uses include:
1) Maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder.[A177919]
2) Treatment for acute bipolar depression.[A177928,A177931,A177934]
3) Emergency treatment of status epilepticus.[A177955] |
| DB00314 | Capreomycin | Used in the treatment of tuberculosis in combination with other drugs. |
| DB00317 | Gefitinib | For the continued treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after failure of either platinum-based or docetaxel chemotherapies. |
| DB00323 | Tolcapone | Used as an adjunct to levodopa/carbidopa therapy for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's Disease. This drug is generally reserved for patients with parkinsonian syndrome receiving levodopa/carbidopa who are experiencing symptom fluctuations and are not responding adequately to or are not candidates for other adjunctive therapies. |
| DB00328 | Indometacin | Oral indometacin is indicated for symptomatic management of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease, moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis, moderate to severe osteoarthritis, acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) and acute gouty arthritis.[A177871,Label]
Intravenous indometacin is indicated to induce closure of a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants weighing between 500 and 1750 g when after 48 hours usual medical management (e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, digitalis, respiratory support, etc.) is ineffective.[F4600] |
| DB00337 | Pimecrolimus | For treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis. |
| DB00338 | Omeprazole | Omeprazole, according to the FDA label [FDA label] is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used for the following purposes:
• Treatment of active duodenal ulcer in adults
• Eradication of Helicobacter pylori to reduce the risk of duodenal ulcer
recurrence in adults
• Treatment of active benign gastric ulcer in adults
• Treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in
patients 1 year of age and older
• Treatment of erosive esophagitis (EE) due to acid-mediated GERD in
patients 1 month of age and older
• Maintenance of healing of EE due to acid-mediated GERD in patients 1
year of age and older
• Pathologic hypersecretory conditions in adults |
| DB00348 | Nitisinone | Used as an adjunct to dietary restriction of tyrosine and phenylalanine in the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1. |
| DB00357 | Aminoglutethimide | For the suppression of adrenal function in selected patients with Cushing's syndrome, malignant neoplasm of the female breast, and carcinoma in situ of the breast. |
| DB00365 | Grepafloxacin | For treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Moraxella catarrhalis. |
| DB00380 | Dexrazoxane | For reducing the incidence and severity of cardiomyopathy associated with doxorubicin administration in women with metastatic breast cancer who have received a cumulative doxorubicin hydrochloride dose of 300 mg/m^2 and would benefit from continued doxorubicin therapy. Also approved for the treatment of extravasation from intravenous anthracyclines. |
| DB00382 | Tacrine | For the palliative treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. |
| DB00385 | Valrubicin | For the treatment of cancer of the bladder. |
| DB00398 | Sorafenib | Sorafenib is indicated for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma. |
| DB00410 | Mupirocin | Indicated for the treatment of impetigo and secondary skin infections, leading to traumatic skin lesions, due to _Staphylococcus aureus_ and _Streptococcus pyogenes_.[label] |
| DB00419 | Miglustat | For the treatment of adult patients with mild to moderate type 1 (nonneuropathic) Gaucher's disease for whom enzyme replacement therapy is not a therapeutic option (e.g. due to constraints such as allergy, hypersensitivity, or poor venous access). Now approved in some countries for the treatment of progressive neurological symptoms in adult and pediatric patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C). |
| DB00437 | Allopurinol | Allopurinol is indicated in [FDA label]:
1) the management of patients with signs and symptoms of primary or secondary gout (acute attacks, tophi, joint destruction, uric acid lithiasis, and/or nephropathy).
2) the management of patients with leukemia, lymphoma and malignancies who are receiving cancer therapy which causes elevations of serum and urinary uric acid levels. Treatment with allopurinol should be discontinued when the potential for overproduction of uric acid is no longer present.
3) the management of patients with recurrent calcium oxalate calculi whose daily uric acid excretion exceeds 800 mg/day in male patients and 750 mg/day in female patients. Therapy in such patients should be carefully assessed initially and reassessed periodically to determine in each case that treatment is beneficial and that the benefits outweigh the risks. |
| DB00439 | Cerivastatin | Used as an adjunct to diet for the reduction of elevated total and LDL cholesterol levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia (Fredrickson Types IIa and IIb) when the response to dietary restriction of saturated fat and cholesterol and other non-pharmacological measures alone has been inadequate. |
| DB00440 | Trimethoprim | For the treatment of urinary tract infections, uncomplicated pyelonephritis (with sulfamethoxazole) and mild acute prostatitis. May be used as pericoital (with sulfamethoxazole) or continuous prophylaxis in females with recurrent cystitis. May be used as an alternative to treat asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy (only before the last 6 weeks of pregnancy). Other uses include: alternative agent in respiratory tract infections (otitis, sinusitus, bronchitis and pneumonia), treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (acute or prophylaxis), Nocardia infections, and traveller's diarrhea. |
| DB00441 | Gemcitabine | Gemcitabine is indicated for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer that has relapsed at least 6 months after completion of platinum-based therapy; metastatic ovarian cancer; inoperable, locally advanced (Stage IIIA or IIIB), or metastatic (Stage IV) non-small cell lung cancer; and locally advanced (nonresectable Stage II or Stage III) or metastatic (Stage IV) adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. |
| DB00444 | Teniposide | Teniposide is used for the treatment of refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
| DB00445 | Epirubicin | For use as a component of adjuvant therapy in patients with evidence of axillary node tumor involvement following resection of primary breast cancer. |
| DB00446 | Chloramphenicol | Used in treatment of cholera, as it destroys the vibrios and decreases the diarrhea. It is effective against tetracycline-resistant vibrios. It is also used in eye drops or ointment to treat bacterial conjunctivitis. |
| DB00461 | Nabumetone | **Indicated** for:[label]
1) Symptomatic relief in rheumatoid arthritis.
2) Symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis. |
| DB00465 | Ketorolac | Ketorolac is a Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and has antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. [A176131] It is indicated for short term management of acute pain that requires the caliber of pain management offered by opioids. [L6526] Clinicians may choose to initiate ketorolac to manage post-operative pain, spinal and soft tissue pain, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual disorders and headaches among other ailments. [L6520] Regardless of the etiology of pain, patients should use the lowest possible dose, and avoid using ketorolac for an extended period of time (ideally ≤ 5 days).[L6526] A benefit of choosing ketorolac over other analgesics with similar potency is that that there does not appear to be a risk of dependence or tolerance with ketorolac use.[A176131] |
| DB00467 | Enoxacin | For the treatment of adults (≥18 years of age) with the following infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms: (1) uncomplicated urethral or cervical gonorrhea due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, (2) uncomplicated urinary tract infections (cystitis) due to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and (3) complicated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Enterobacter cloacae. |
| DB00469 | Tenoxicam | For the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, backache, and pain. |
| DB00472 | Fluoxetine | Labeled indication include: major depressive disorder (MDD), moderate to severe bulimia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, and combination treatment with olanzapine for treatment-resistant or bipolar I depression. Unlabeled indications include: selective mutism, mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic patients, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder, chronic neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and Raynaud's phenomenon. |
| DB00478 | Rimantadine | For the prophylaxis and treatment of illness caused by various strains of influenza A virus in adults. |
| DB00482 | Celecoxib | For the relief and management of osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), ankylosing spondylitis, acute pain, primary dysmenorrhea and oral adjunct to usual care for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis [FDA label]. |
| DB00487 | Pefloxacin | For the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in males and for gram-negative-bacterial infections in the gastrointestinal system and the genitourinary tract. |
| DB00491 | Miglitol | For use as an adjunct to diet to improve glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) whose hyperglycemia cannot be managed with diet alone. |
| DB00492 | Fosinopril | For treating mild to moderate hypertension, use as an adjunct in treating congestive heart failure, and may be used to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy. |
| DB00494 | Entacapone | Used as an adjunct to levodopa / carbidopa in the symptomatic treatment of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's Disease who experience the signs and symptoms of end-of-dose "wearing-off". |
| DB00495 | Zidovudine | Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections. |
| DB00500 | Tolmetin | For the relief of signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, including the treatment of acute flares long-term management. Also for treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB00501 | Cimetidine | For the treatment and the management of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, heartburn, and acid indigestion. |
| DB00503 | Ritonavir | Indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. |
| DB00511 | Acetyldigitoxin | Used for fast digitalization in congestive heart failure. |
| DB00519 | Trandolapril | For the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension, as an adjunct in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF), to improve survival following myocardial infarction (MI) in individuals who are hemodynamically stable and demonstrate symptoms of left ventricular systolic dysfunction or signs of CHF within a few days following acute MI, and to slow progression of renal disease in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy. |
| DB00529 | Foscarnet | For the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and for treatment of acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous HSV infections in immunocompromised patients. |
| DB00530 | Erlotinib | Erlotinib is indicated for:
- The treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tumors showing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations [FDA label].
- In combination with first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer [FDA label].
The safety and efficacy of erlotinib have not been established for patients with NSCLC whose tumors show other EGFR mutations. Additionally it is not recommended for use in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. [FDA label] |
| DB00533 | Rofecoxib | For the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain in adults, and primary dysmenorrhea, as well as acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without auras. |
| DB00537 | Ciprofloxacin | Ciprofloxacin is only indicated in infections caused by susceptible bacteria.[L6469,L6472,L6475,L6478,L6481,L6484,L6487,L6490,L6493]
Ciprofloxacin immediate release tablets, oral suspensions, and intravenous injections are indicated for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, nosocomial pneumonia, febrile neutropenia, adults who have inhaled anthrax, plague, chronic bacterial prostatitis, lower respiratory tract infections including acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections in pediatrics, complicated pyelonephritis in pediatrics, and acute sinusitis.[L6481,L6478]
A ciprofloxacin otic solution and otic suspension with hydrocortisone are indicated for acute otitis externa.[L6469,L6484] Ciprofloxacin suspension with dexamethasone is indicated for acute otitis media in pediatric patients with tympanostomy tubes or acute otitis externa.[L6490] A ciprofloxacin intratympanic injection is indicated for pediatric patients with bilateral otitis media with effusion who are having tympanostomy tubes placed or pediatric patients 6 months or older with acute otitis externa.[L6493]
A ciprofloxacin eye drop is indicated for bacterial corneal ulcers and conjunctivitis.[L6472] A ciprofloxacin eye ointment is indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis.[L6475]
A ciprofloxacin extended release tablet is indicated for uncomplicated urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections, and acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis.[L6487] |
| DB00542 | Benazepril | Benazepril is indicated for the treatment of hypertension[A840]. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics[FDA Label]. |
| DB00545 | Pyridostigmine | For the treatment of myasthenia gravis. |
| DB00551 | Acetohydroxamic acid | Used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections. |
| DB00552 | Pentostatin | For the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia refractory to alpha interferon. |
| DB00554 | Piroxicam | For treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB00558 | Zanamivir | For the prevention and treatment of influenza A and B. |
| DB00563 | Methotrexate | Methotrexate is indicated in the treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma, chorioadenoma destruens and hydatidiform mole. In acute lymphocytic leukemia, methotrexate is indicated in the prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia and is used in maintenance therapy in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Methotrexate is also indicated in the treatment of meningeal leukemia. Methotrexate is used alone or in combination with other anticancer agents in the treatment of breast cancer, epidermoid cancers of the head and neck, advanced mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma), and lung cancer, particularly squamous cell and small cell types. Methotrexate is also used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of advanced stage non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Methotrexate is indicated in the symptomatic control of severe, recalcitrant, disabling psoriasis. Methotrexate is indicated in the management of selected adults with severe, active rheumatoid arthritis (ACR criteria), or children with active polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB00573 | Fenoprofen | For relief of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Also for the relief of mild to moderate pain. |
| DB00580 | Valdecoxib | For the treatment of osteoarthritis and dysmenorrhoea |
| DB00582 | Voriconazole | For the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. |
| DB00584 | Enalapril | For the treatment of essential or renovascular hypertension and symptomatic congestive heart failure. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics. |
| DB00586 | Diclofenac | For the acute and chronic treatment of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB00601 | Linezolid | For the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible strains of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcal aureus (methicillin resistant and susceptible strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae. |
| DB00605 | Sulindac | For acute or long-term use in the relief of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute painful shoulder (acute subacromial bursitis/supraspinatus tendinitis), and acute gouty arthritis. |
| DB00614 | Furazolidone | For the specific and symptomatic treatment of bacterial or protozoal diarrhea and enteritis caused by susceptible organisms. |
| DB00616 | Candoxatril | Not Available |
| DB00619 | Imatinib | For the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML), Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases, aggressive systemic mastocytosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome and/or chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). |
| DB00620 | Triamcinolone | For the treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. |
| DB00625 | Efavirenz | For use in combination treatment of HIV infection (AIDS) |
| DB00641 | Simvastatin | For the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and for the reduction in the risk of cardiac heart disease mortality and cardiovascular events. It can also be used in adolescent patients for the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. |
| DB00642 | Pemetrexed | Used in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma in adults whose disease is unresectable or who otherwise are not candidates for potentially curative surgery. Also used as a monotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior chemotherapy |
| DB00649 | Stavudine | For the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections. |
| DB00651 | Dyphylline | For relief of acute bronchial asthma and for reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. |
| DB00674 | Galantamine | For the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Has also been investigated in patients with mild cognitive impairment who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease. |
| DB00677 | Isoflurophate | For use in the eye to treat certain types of glaucoma and other eye conditions, such as accommodative esotropia. |
| DB00685 | Trovafloxacin | For treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in uncomplicated urethral gonorrhea in males and endocervical and rectal gonorrhea in females caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae as well as non gonoccocal urethritis and cervicitis due to Chlamydia trachomatis. |
| DB00688 | Mycophenolate mofetil | For the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal, cardiac or hepatic transplants. Mycophenolate mofetil should be used concomitantly with cyclosporine and corticosteroids. |
| DB00691 | Moexipril | For the treatment of hypertension. |
| DB00694 | Daunorubicin | For remission induction in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (myelogenous, monocytic, erythroid) of adults and for remission induction in acute lymphocytic leukemia of children and adults. |
| DB00701 | Amprenavir | For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. |
| DB00703 | Methazolamide | For treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma and acute angle-closure glaucoma |
| DB00705 | Delavirdine | For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with appropriate antiretroviral agents when therapy is warranted |
| DB00709 | Lamivudine | For the treatment of HIV infection and chronic hepatitis B (HBV). |
| DB00711 | Diethylcarbamazine | Used for the treatment of certain filarial diseases, including tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, loiasis, and lymphatic filariasis caused by infection with Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, or Brugia timori. |
| DB00712 | Flurbiprofen | Flurbiprofen tablets are indicated for the acute or long-term symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteorarthritis and anklosing spondylitis. It may also be used to treat pain associated with dysmenorrhea and mild to moderate pain accompanied by inflammation (e.g. bursitis, tendonitis, soft tissue trauma). Topical ophthalmic formulations may be used pre-operatively to prevent intraoperative miosis. |
| DB00715 | Paroxetine | Labeled indications include: major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Unlabeled indications include: eating disorders, impulse control disorders, vasomotor symptoms of menopause, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children, and mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic individuals. Brisdelle, which consists of paroxetine mesylate is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (like hot flashes) associated with menopause. |
| DB00718 | Adefovir dipivoxil | Indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adult patients with evidence of active viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (ALT or AST) or histologically active disease; this is based on histological, virological, biochemical, and serological responses in adult patients with HBeAg+ and HBeAg- chronic hepatitis B with compensated liver function, and in adult patients with clinical evidence of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus with either compensated or decompensated liver function. |
| DB00722 | Lisinopril | For the treatment of hypertension and symptomatic congestive heart failure. May be used in conjunction with thrombolytic agents, aspirin and/or β-blockers to improve survival in hemodynamically stable individuals following myocardial infarction. May be used to slow the progression of renal disease in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy. |
| DB00736 | Esomeprazole | Esomeprazole is indicated for the treatment of acid-reflux disorders including healing and maintenance of erosive esophagitis, and symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication, prevention of gastrointestinal bleeds with NSAID use, and for the long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome. |
| DB00744 | Zileuton | For the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children 12 years of age and older. |
| DB00749 | Etodolac | For acute and long-term management of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as for the management of pain. |
| DB00752 | Tranylcypromine | For the treatment of major depressive episode without melancholia. |
| DB00759 | Tetracycline | Used to treat bacterial infections such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, tick fevers, Q fever, rickettsialpox and Brill-Zinsser disease. May be used to treat infections caused by Chlamydiae spp., B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease), and upper respiratory infections caused by typical (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis) and atypical organisms (C. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila). May also be used to treat acne. Tetracycline may be an alternative drug for people who are allergic to penicillin. |
| DB00762 | Irinotecan | For the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (first-line therapy when administered with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin). Also used in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of extensive small cell lung cancer. Irinotecan is currently under investigation for the treatment of metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer. Also used in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin for the treatment of patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas after disease progression following gemcitabine-based therapy. |
| DB00765 | Metyrosine | For use in the treatment of patients with pheochromocytoma, for preoperative preparation of patients for surgery, management of patients when surgery is contraindicated, and chronic treatment of patients with malignant pheochromocytoma. |
| DB00766 | Clavulanic acid | For use with Amoxicillin, clavulanic acid is suitable for the treatment of infections with Staph. aureus and Bacteroides fragilis, or with beta-lactamase producing H. influenzae and E. coli. |
| DB00772 | Malathion | For patients infected with Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice and their ova) of the scalp hair. |
| DB00773 | Etoposide | For use in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of refractory testicular tumors and as first line treatment in patients with small cell lung cancer. Also used to treat other malignancies such as lymphoma, non-lymphocytic leukemia, and glioblastoma multiforme. |
| DB00779 | Nalidixic acid | For the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by susceptible gram-negative microorganisms, including the majority of E. Coli, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella species, and Proteus species. |
| DB00780 | Phenelzine | Phenelzine is indicated for the treatment of nonendogenous, neurotic or atypical depression for patients that do not tolerate other forms of therapy.[L1356]
Atypical depression has a high prevalence rate, starts in early life, tends to last longer, is more likely to occur in people with bipolar disorder, has a high comorbidity with anxiety disorder and carries more risk of suicidal behavior. It is important to specify the atypical feature to predict the clinical course of depression and hence generate the best treatment and service. The featuring symptoms of the atypical feature include mood reactivity, two or more of this symptoms: 1) increased appetite, 2) increased sleep, 3) leaden paralysis and 4) interpersonal rejection sensitivity and should not have melancholic or catatonic features of depression.[A31917]
Neurotic depression is a depression of an emotionally unstable person. It is a secondary condition to major personality disorder, neuroses and drug use disorders. Likewise, a primary depression with a family history of depression spectrum disease would fit in this category.[A31922]
A nonendogenous depression is characterized by a disturbance in mood and general outlook. The physical symptoms tend to be less severe and it often occurs in response to stressful life events that keep occurring over a large period of time generating a continuous stress in the daily living.[A31924] |
| DB00784 | Mefenamic acid | For the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, dysmenorrhea, and mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever. |
| DB00786 | Marimastat | For the treatment of various cancers |
| DB00788 | Naproxen | Not Available |
| DB00790 | Perindopril | For the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension, mild to moderate congestive heart failure, and to reduce the cardiovascular risk of individuals with hypertension or post-myocardial infarction and stable coronary disease. |
| DB00798 | Gentamicin | For treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: P. aeruginosa, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole-negative), E. coli, Klebsiella-Enterobactor-Serratia species, Citrobacter species and Staphylococcus species (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative). |
| DB00806 | Pentoxifylline | For the treatment of patients with intermittent lameness or immobility arising from chronic occlusive arterial disease of the limbs. |
| DB00814 | Meloxicam | For symptomatic treatment of arthritis and osteoarthritis. |
| DB00819 | Acetazolamide | For adjunctive treatment of: edema due to congestive heart failure; drug-induced edema; centrencephalic epilepsies; chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma |
| DB00820 | Tadalafil | Used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. |
| DB00822 | Disulfiram | For the treatment and management of chronic alcoholism |
| DB00827 | Cinoxacin | For the treatment of initial and recurrent urinary tract infections in adults caused by the following susceptible microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella species (including K. pneumoniae), and Enterobacter species. |
| DB00843 | Donepezil | For the palliative treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. |
| DB00857 | Terbinafine | For the treatment of dermatophyte infections of the toenail or fingernail caused by susceptible fungi. Also for the treatment of tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) and tinea corporis (body ringworm) or tinea cruris (jock itch). |
| DB00861 | Diflunisal | For symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate pain accompanied by inflammation (e.g. musculoskeletal trauma, post-dental extraction, post-episiotomy), osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB00862 | Vardenafil | Used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction |
| DB00864 | Tacrolimus | For use after allogenic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system and so the risk of organ rejection. It was given FDA approval in 1994 for use in liver transplantation. Since then, this indication has expanded to kidney, heart, small bowel, pancreas, lung, trachea, skin, cornea, and limb transplants. It has also been used in a topical preparation in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis. |
| DB00869 | Dorzolamide | For the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. Also used prophylatically for the inhibition of perioperative IOP increase (before neodynium yttrium aluminum garnet laser posterior capsulotomy). |
| DB00870 | Suprofen | Used as eye drops to inhibit the miosis (pupil constriction) that may occur during ocular surgery. |
| DB00879 | Emtricitabine | Indicated, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and for postexposure prophylaxis of HIV infection in health care workers and others exposed occupationally or nonoccupationally via percutaneous injury or mucous membrane or nonintact skin contact with blood, tissues, or other body fluids associated with risk for transmission of the virus. |
| DB00881 | Quinapril | For the treatment of hypertension and as adjunct therapy in the treatment of congestive heart failure. May also be used to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy. |
| DB00886 | Omapatrilat | For the treatment of hypertension. |
| DB00900 | Didanosine | For use, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, in the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults. |
| DB00903 | Etacrynic acid | For the treatment of high blood pressure and edema caused by diseases like congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. |
| DB00908 | Quinidine | For the treatment of ventricular pre-excitation and cardiac dysrhythmias |
| DB00922 | Levosimendan | For short term treatment of acutely decompensated severe chronic heart failure (CHF). Also being investigated for use/treatment in heart disease. |
| DB00928 | Azacitidine | For treatment of patients with the following French-American-British myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes: refractory anemia or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (now classified as acute myelogenous leukemia with multilineage dysplasia), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. |
| DB00936 | Salicylic acid | Key additive in many skin-care products for the treatment of acne, psoriasis, callouses, corns, keratosis pilaris and warts. |
| DB00939 | Meclofenamic acid | For the relief of mild to moderate pain, for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea and for the treatment of idiopathic heavy menstrual blood loss. Also for relief of the signs and symptoms of acute and chronic rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. |
| DB00943 | Zalcitabine | For the treatment of Human immunovirus (HIV) infections in conjunction with other antivirals. |
| DB00944 | Demecarium | For the topical treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma. |
| DB00955 | Netilmicin | For the treatment of bacteremia, septicaemia, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infection, burns, wounds, and peri-operative infections caused by susceptible strains. |
| DB00970 | Dactinomycin | For the treatment of Wilms' tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen |
| DB00972 | Azelastine | For the symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis, as well as symptomatic relief of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. |
| DB00975 | Dipyridamole | For as an adjunct to coumarin anticoagulants in the prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement and also used in prevention of angina. |
| DB00978 | Lomefloxacin | For the treatment of bacterial infections of the respiratory tract (chronic bronchitis) and urinary tract, and as a pre-operative prophylactic to prevent urinary tract infection caused by: S.pneumoniae, H.influenzae, S.aureus, P.aeruginosa, E. cloacae, P. mirabilis, C. civersus, S. asprphyticus, E.coli, and K.pneumoniae. |
| DB00981 | Physostigmine | For the treatment of glaucoma, and in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity. |
| DB00989 | Rivastigmine | For the treatment of mild to moderate dementia associated with Parkinson's disease or of the Alzheimer's type. |
| DB00990 | Exemestane | For the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women whose disease has progressed following tamoxifen therapy. |
| DB00994 | Neomycin | Topical uses include treatment for superficial eye infections caused by susceptible bacteria (used in combination with other antiinfectives), treatment of otitis externa caused by susceptible bacteria, treatment or prevention of bacterial infections in skin lesions, and use as a continuous short-term irrigant or rinse to prevent bacteriuria and gram negative rod bacteremia in abacteriuric patients with indwelling catheters. [F3634,F3637,F3640,F3643] May be used orally to treat hepatic encephalopathy, as a perioperative prophylactic agent, and as an adjunct to fluid and electrolyte replacement in the treatment of diarrhea caused to enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). [F3643] |
| DB00997 | Doxorubicin | Doxorubicin is used to produce regression in disseminated neoplastic conditions like acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, Wilms’ tumor, neuroblastoma, soft tissue and bone sarcomas, breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, transitional cell bladder carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, Hodgkin’s disease, malignant lymphoma and bronchogenic carcinoma in which the small cell histologic type is the most responsive compared to other cell types. Doxorubicin is also indicated for use as a component of adjuvant therapy in women with evidence of axillary lymph node involvement following resection of primary breast cancer. |
| DB01005 | Hydroxyurea | For management of melanoma, resistant chronic myelocytic leukemia, and recurrent, metastatic, or inoperable carcinoma of the ovary and Sickle-cell anemia. |
| DB01006 | Letrozole | For the extended adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have received 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Also for first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive or hormone receptor unknown locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Also indicated for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following antiestrogen therapy. |
| DB01007 | Tioconazole | For the local treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (moniliasis). |
| DB01009 | Ketoprofen | For symptomatic treatment of acute and chronic rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, primary dysmenorrhea and mild to moderate pain associated with musculotendinous trauma (sprains and strains), postoperative (including dental surgery) or postpartum pain. |
| DB01010 | Edrophonium | For the differential diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and as an adjunct in the evaluation of treatment requirements in this disease. It may also be used for evaluating emergency treatment in myasthenic crises. |
| DB01011 | Metyrapone | Used as a diagnostic drug for testing hypothalamic-pituitary ACTH function. Occasionally used in Cushing's syndrome. |
| DB01024 | Mycophenolic acid | For the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal transplants, administered in combination with cyclosporine and corticosteroids. |
| DB01026 | Ketoconazole | For the treatment of the following systemic fungal infections: candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, oral thrush, candiduria, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, chromomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. |
| DB01030 | Topotecan | For the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer in patients with disease that has recurred or progressed following therapy with platinum-based regimens. Also used as a second-line therapy for treatment-sensitive small cell lung cancer, as well as in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of stage IV-B, recurrent, or persistent cervical cancer not amenable to curative treatment with surgery and/or radiation therapy. |
| DB01033 | Mercaptopurine | For remission induction and maintenance therapy of acute lymphatic leukemia. |
| DB01037 | Selegiline | Monotherapy for initial treatment of Parkinson's disease, as well as an adjunct therapy in patients with a decreased response to levodopa/carbadopa. Also used for the palliative treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and at higher doses, for the treatment of depression. |
| DB01044 | Gatifloxacin | For the treatment of bronchitis, sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, and skin infections (abscesses, wounds) caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus, M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila, S. pyogenes |
| DB01045 | Rifampicin | For the treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-related mycobacterial infections. |
| DB01048 | Abacavir | For the treatment of HIV-1 infection, in combination with other antiretroviral agents. |
| DB01050 | Ibuprofen | Ibuprofen is the most commonly used and prescribed NSAID. It is very common over the counter medication widely used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic.[A39096]
The use of ibuprofen and its enantiomer [DB09213] in a racemic mix is common for the management of mild to moderate pain related to dysmenorrhea, headache, migraine, postoperative dental pain, spondylitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and soft tissue disorder.[A39097]
Due to its activity against prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis, ibuprofen has been attributed to alteration of platelet function and prolongation of gestation and labor.[A39092]
As ibuprofen is a widely used medication, the main therapeutic indications are:
* Patent Ductus Arteriosus - it is a neonatal condition wherein the ductus arteriosus (blood vessel that connects the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta) fails to close after birth causing severe risk of heart failure. The prostaglandin inhibition of ibuprofen has been studied for the treatment of this condition as it is known that prostaglandin E2 is responsible for keeping the ductus arteriosus open.[A39100]
* Rheumatoid- and osteo-arthritis - ibuprofen is very commonly used in the symptomatic treatment of inflammatory, musculoskeletal and rheumatic disorders.[A39176]
* Cystic fibrosis - the use of high dosages of ibuprofen has been proven to decrease inflammation and decreasing polymorphonuclear cell influx in the lungs.[A39177]
* Orthostatic hypotension - ibuprofen can induce sodium retention and antagonize the effect of diuretics which has been reported to be beneficial for patients with severe orthostatic hypotension.[A1651]
* Dental pain - ibuprofen is used to manage acute and chronic orofacial pain.[A10901]
* Minor pain - ibuprofen is widely used to reduce minor aches and pains as well as to reduce fever and manage dysmenorrhea. It is very commonly used for the relief of acute indications such as fever and tension headaches.[A39092]
* Investigational uses - efforts have been put into developing ibuprofen for the prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, and breast cancer.[A39092] |
| DB01051 | Novobiocin | For the treatment of infections due to staphylococci and other susceptible organisms |
| DB01057 | Echothiophate | For use in the treatment of subacute or chronic angle-closure glaucoma after iridectomy or where surgery is refused or contraindicated. |
| DB01059 | Norfloxacin | For the treatment of urinary tract infection |
| DB01072 | Atazanavir | Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, as well as postexposure prophylaxis of HIV infection in individuals who have had occupational or nonoccupational exposure to potentially infectious body fluids of a person known to be infected with HIV when that exposure represents a substantial risk for HIV transmission. |
| DB01073 | Fludarabine | For the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to or whose disease has progressed during treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimen |
| DB01076 | Atorvastatin | Atorvastatin is approved for the treatment of several types of dyslipidemias including:
- Primary hyperlipidemia and mixed dyslipidemia in adults.
- Hypertriglyceridemia.
- Primary dysbetalipoproteinemia.
- Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
- Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in adolescent patients with failed dietary modifications.[A177397]
Dyslipidemia is defined as an elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides or both as well as to the presence of low levels of high-density lipoprotein. This condition represents an increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis.[L6025]
Atorvastatin is indicated, in combination with dietary modifications, to prevent cardiovascular events in patients with cardiac risk factors and/or abnormal lipid profiles.[A177397]
Atorvastatin can be used as a preventive agent for myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, and angina, in patients without coronary heart disease but with multiple risk factors, and in patients with type 2 diabetes without coronary heart disease but multiple risk factors.[A177397]
Atorvastatin can also be used as a preventive agent for non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal and non-fatal stroke, revascularization procedures, hospitalization for congestive heart failure and angina in patients with coronary heart disease.[A177397]
The term cardiovascular events correspond to all the incidents that can produce damage to the heart muscle including the interruption of blood flow.[L6028] |
| DB01078 | Deslanoside | For the treatment and management of Congestive cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and heart failure. |
| DB01080 | Vigabatrin | For use as an adjunct in treatment resistant epilepsy, refractory complex partial seizures, and secondary generalized seizures. It is also used as monotherapy in infantile spasms in West syndrome. |
| DB01082 | Streptomycin | For the treatment of tuberculosis. May also be used in combination with other drugs to treat tularemia (Francisella tularensis), plague (Yersia pestis), severe M. avium complex, brucellosis, and enterococcal endocarditis (e.g. E. faecalis, E. faecium). |
| DB01083 | Orlistat | For obesity management including weight loss and weight maintenance when used in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet. Also used to reduce the risk for weight regain after prior weight loss. Use of orlistat is pending revision due to reports of liver-related adverse events. |
| DB01092 | Ouabain | For the treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter and heart failure |
| DB01095 | Fluvastatin | To be used as an adjunct to dietary therapy to prevent cardiovascular events. May be used as secondary prevention in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) to reduce the risk of requiring coronary revascularization procedures, for reducing progression of coronary atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic patients with CHD, and for the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslidipidemia. |
| DB01097 | Leflunomide | For the management of the signs and symptoms of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to improve physical function and to slow the progression of structural damage associated with the disease. Has also been used for the prevention of acute and chronic rejection in recipients of solid organ trasnplants and is designated by the FDA as an orphan drug for this use. |
| DB01098 | Rosuvastatin | Used as an adjunct to dietary therapy to treat primary hyperlipidemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial), mixed dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Also indicated for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering therapies or when other such therapies are not available. Furthermore, it is used to slow the progression of atherosclerosis and for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. |
| DB01103 | Quinacrine | For the treatment of giardiasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis and the management of malignant effusions. |
| DB01108 | Trilostane | Used in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome. It is normally used in short-term treatment until permanent therapy is possible. |
| DB01110 | Miconazole | For topical application in the treatment of tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum, in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis (moniliasis), and in the treatment of tinea versicolor. |
| DB01113 | Papaverine | For the treatment of impotence and vasospasms. |
| DB01117 | Atovaquone | For the treatment or prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients who are intolerant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Also indicated for the acute oral treatment of mild to moderate PCP in patients who are intolerant to TMP-SMX. |
| DB01118 | Amiodarone | Intravenously, for initiation of treatment and prophylaxis of frequently recurring ventricular fibrillation and hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia in patients refractory to other therapy. Orally, for the treatment of life-threatening recurrent ventricular arrhythmias such as recurrent ventricular fibrillation and recurrent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia. |
| DB01122 | Ambenonium | Ambenonium is used to treat muscle weakness due to muscle disease (myasthenia gravis). |
| DB01126 | Dutasteride | Indicated for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men with an enlarged prostate gland to improve symptoms, and reduce the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for BPH-related surgery alone or in combination with [tamsulosin].[label] |
| DB01127 | Econazole | For topical application in the treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton tonsurans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audouini, Microsporum gypseum, and Epidermophyton floccosum, in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis, and in the treatment of tinea versicolor. |
| DB01129 | Rabeprazole | For the treatment of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication, and prevention of gastroinetestinal bleeds with NSAID use. |
| DB01137 | Levofloxacin | For the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: Corynebacterium species, Staphylococus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (Groups C/F/G), Viridans group streptococci, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens. |
| DB01144 | Diclofenamide | For adjunctive treatment of: chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and preoperatively in acute angle-closure glaucoma where delay of surgery is desired in order to lower intraocular pressure |
| DB01151 | Desipramine | For relief of symptoms in various depressive syndromes, especially endogenous depression. It has also been used to manage chronic peripheral neuropathic pain, as a second line agent for the management of anxiety disorders (e.g. panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder), and as a second or third line agent in the ADHD management. |
| DB01155 | Gemifloxacin | For the treatment of bacterial infection caused by susceptible strains such as S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, or M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains [MDRSP]), M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, or K. pneumoniae. |
| DB01156 | Bupropion | Bupropion is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and as an aid to smoking cessation.
When used in combination with [naltrexone] as the marketed product ContraveⓇ, bupropion is indicated as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for chronic weight management in adults with an initial body mass index (BMI) of:
•30 kg/m^2 or greater (obese) or
•27 kg/m^2 or greater (overweight) in the presence of at least one weight-related comorbid condition (e.g., hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia).
Bupropion is also used off-label as a first-line treatment in patients with ADHD and comorbid bipolar disorder when used as an adjunct to mood stabilizers.[F4624] |
| DB01157 | Trimetrexate | For use, with concurrent leucovorin administration (leucovorin protection), as an alternative therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients, including patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Also used to treat several types of cancer including colon cancer. |
| DB01165 | Ofloxacin | For the treatment of infections (respiratory tract, kidney, skin, soft tissue, UTI), urethral and cervical gonorrhoea. |
| DB01166 | Cilostazol | Indicated for the alleviation of symptoms of intermittent claudication (pain in the legs that occurs with walking and disappears with rest). |
| DB01167 | Itraconazole | For the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: pulmonary and extrapulmonary blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, aspergillosis, and onychomycosis. |
| DB01171 | Moclobemide | For the treatment of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder [A31901]. |
| DB01172 | Kanamycin | For treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), E. aerogenes, K. pneumoniae, S. marcescens, and Acinetobacter species. |
| DB01173 | Orphenadrine | Indicated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. |
| DB01177 | Idarubicin | For the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults. This includes French-American-British (FAB) classifications M1 through M7. |
| DB01190 | Clindamycin | For the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria, including Bacteroides spp., Peptostreptococcus, anaerobic streptococci, Clostridium spp., and microaerophilic streptococci. May be useful in polymicrobic infections such as intra-abdominal or pelvic infections, osteomyelitis, diabetic foot ulcers, aspiration pneumonia and dental infections. May also be used to treat MSSA and respiratory infections caused by S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes in patients who are intolerant to other indicated antibiotics or who are infected with resistant organism. May be used vaginally to treat vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginosa. Clindamycin reduces the toxin producing effects of S. aureus and S. pyogenes and as such, may be particularly useful for treating necrotizing fasciitis. May be used topically to treat acne. |
| DB01194 | Brinzolamide | For the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. |
| DB01197 | Captopril | For the treatment of essential or renovascular hypertension (usually administered with other drugs, particularly thiazide diuretics). May be used to treat congestive heart failure in combination with other drugs (e.g. cardiac glycosides, diuretics, β-adrenergic blockers). May improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction. May be used to treat nephropathy, including diabetic nephropathy. |
| DB01204 | Mitoxantrone | For the treatment of secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis |
| DB01207 | Ridogrel | Used as an adjunctive therapy to induce thrombolysis in patients suffering acute myocardial infarction. |
| DB01208 | Sparfloxacin | For the treatment of adults with the following infections caused by susceptible strains microorganisms: community-acquired pneumonia (caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or Streptococcus pneumoniae) and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, or Streptococcus pneumoniae). |
| DB01211 | Clarithromycin | An alternative medication for the treatment of acute otitis media caused by H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, or S. pneumoniae in patients with a history of type I penicillin hypersensitivity. Also for the treatment of pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes, as well as respiratory tract infections including acute maxillary sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, mild to moderate community-acquired pneuomia, Legionnaires' disease, and pertussis. Other indications include treatment of uncomplicated skin or skin structure infections, helicobacter pylori infection, duodenal ulcer disease, bartonella infections, early Lyme disease, and encephalitis caused by Toxoplasma gondii (in HIV infected patients in conjunction with pyrimethamine). Clarithromycin may also decrease the incidence of cryptosporidiosis, prevent the occurence of α-hemolytic (viridans group) streptococcal endocarditis, as well as serve as a primary prevention for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteremia or disseminated infections (in adults, adolescents, and children with advanced HIV infection). |
| DB01216 | Finasteride | Indicated for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men with an enlarged prostate to improve symptoms, reduce the risk of acute urinary retention, and reduce the risk of the need for surgery including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and prostatectomy.
Indicated for the treatment of male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia, hereditary alopecia, or common male baldness) in male patients. |
| DB01217 | Anastrozole | For adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor positive breast cancer , as well as hormonal treatment of advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Has also been used to treat pubertal gynecomastia and McCune-Albright syndrome; however, manufacturer states that efficacy for these indications have not been established. |
| DB01220 | Rifaximin | Rifaximin has multiple indications by the FDA: for the treatment of patients (≥12 years of age) with traveller's diarrhea caused by noninvasive strains of Escherichia coli; for the reduction of overt hepatic encephalopathy recurrence in patients ≥18 years of age; and in May 2015 it was approved for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) treatment in adult men and women. |
| DB01223 | Aminophylline | For the treatment of bronchospasm due to asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. |
| DB01232 | Saquinavir | For the treatment of HIV-1 with advanced immunodeficiency together with antiretroviral nucleoside analogues. |
| DB01241 | Gemfibrozil | For treatment of adult patients with very high elevations of serum triglyceride levels (types IV and V hyperlipidemia) who are at risk of developing pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) and who do not respond adequately to a strict diet. |
| DB01247 | Isocarboxazid | Isocarboxazid is indicated for the treatment of the enduring and debilitating symptoms of depression that have not responded to other antidepressant drugs.[L1372] Depression is a common but serious mood disorder. The patient will present changes in its feelings, thoughts, and ability to handle everyday activities. For a mood disorder to be considered as depression, the symptoms should be present for at least two weeks.[L1375] |
| DB01254 | Dasatinib | For the treatment of adults with chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy. Also indicated for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy. |
| DB01259 | Lapatinib | Indicated in combination with capecitabine for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer whose tumors overexpress the human epidermal receptor type 2 (HER2) protein and who have received prior therapy including an anthracycline, a taxane, and trastuzuma. |
| DB01261 | Sitagliptin | Sitagliptin is indicated for the management of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus along with diet and exercise[Label]. |
| DB01262 | Decitabine | For treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including previously treated and untreated, de novo and secondary MDS of all French-American-British subtypes (refractory anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) and intermediate-1, intermediate-2, and high-risk International Prognostic Scoring System groups (scores ≥0.5). |
| DB01263 | Posaconazole | For prophylaxis of invasive Aspergillus and Candida infections in patients, 13 years of age and older, who are at high risk of developing these infections due to being severely immunocompromised as a result of procedures such as hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or due to hematologic malignancies with prolonged neutropenia from chemotherapy. Also for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, including oropharyngeal candidiasis refractory to itraconazole and/or fluconazole. Posaconazole is used as an alternative treatment for invasive aspergillosis, Fusarium infections, and zygomycosis in patients who are intolerant of, or whose disease is refractory to, other antifungals. |
| DB01264 | Darunavir | Darunavir, co-administered with ritonavir, and with other antiretroviral agents, is indicated for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in antiretroviral treatment-experienced adult patients, such as those with HIV-1 strains resistant to more than one protease inhibitor. |
| DB01265 | Telbivudine | For the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adult and adolescent patients ≥16 years of age with evidence of viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (ALT or AST) or histologically active disease. |
| DB01283 | Lumiracoxib | For the acute and chronic treatment of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee in adults. |
| DB01319 | Fosamprenavir | Indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection, as well as postexposure prophylaxis of HIV infection in individuals who have had occupational or nonoccupational exposure to potentially infectious body fluids of a person known to be infected with HIV when that exposure represents a substantial risk for HIV transmission. The use of fosamprenavir is pending revision due to a potential association between the drug and myocardial infarction and dyslipidemia in HIV infected adults. |
| DB01340 | Cilazapril | Cilazapril is an ACE inhibtor class drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. |
| DB01348 | Spirapril | Spirapril is an ACE inhibitor class drug used to treat hypertension. |
| DB01367 | Rasagiline | For the treatment of the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinsons disease as initial monotherapy and as adjunct therapy to levodopa. |
| DB01388 | Mibefradil | For the treatment of angina and high blood pressure. |
| DB01396 | Digitoxin | For the treatment and management of congestive cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and heart failure. |
| DB01397 | Magnesium salicylate | Magnesium salicylate is a common analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate muscular pain |
| DB01400 | Neostigmine | Neostigmine is used for the symptomatic treatment of myasthenia gravis by improving muscle tone. |
| DB01405 | Temafloxacin | For the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, genital and urinary infections like prostatitis, and skin infections. |
| DB01427 | Amrinone | Used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. |
| DB01597 | Cilastatin | Combined intravenously with imipenem in order to protect it from dehydropeptidase and prolong its antibacterial effect. |
| DB01601 | Lopinavir | Indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-infection. |
| DB01606 | Tazobactam | Used in combination with piperacillin to broaden the spectrum of piperacillin antibacterial action. |
| DB01611 | Hydroxychloroquine | For the suppressive treatment and treatment of acute attacks of malaria due to Plasmodium vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum. It is also indicated for the treatment of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB01626 | Pargyline | For the treatment of moderate to severe hypertension. |
| DB01627 | Lincomycin | Lincomycin is an antibiotic used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections. |
| DB01628 | Etoricoxib | For the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic low back pain, acute pain and gout. |
| DB01645 | Genistein | Currently Genistein is being studied in clinical trials as a treatment for prostate cancer. |
| DB01683 | Chymostatin | Not Available |
| DB01686 | N,N-dimethylarginine | Not Available |
| DB01791 | Piclamilast | Not Available |
| DB01816 | Castanospermine | Not Available |
| DB01933 | 7-Hydroxystaurosporine | Not Available |
| DB01954 | Rolipram | Not Available |
| DB02010 | Staurosporine | Not Available |
| DB02020 | Alrestatin | Not Available |
| DB02044 | N-(3-(Aminomethyl)Benzyl)Acetamidine | Not Available |
| DB02054 | Gabaculine | Not Available |
| DB02079 | Aminooxyacetic acid | Not Available |
| DB02105 | 3,5-Dinitrocatechol | Not Available |
| DB02115 | Daidzin | Not Available |
| DB02116 | Olomoucine | Not Available |
| DB02152 | K-252a | Not Available |
| DB02207 | 7-Nitroindazole | Not Available |
| DB02255 | GM6001 | Not Available |
| DB02282 | 5'-Deoxy-5'-Methylthioadenosine | Not Available |
| DB02365 | 1,10-Phenanthroline | Not Available |
| DB02383 | Tolrestat | For the pharmacological control of certain diabetic complications. |
| DB02424 | Geldanamycin | Not Available |
| DB02430 | Trehalose-6-Phosphate | Not Available |
| DB02546 | Vorinostat | For the treatment of cutaneous manifestations in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who have progressive, persistent or recurrent disease on or following two systemic therapies. |
| DB02557 | Phosphoramidon | Not Available |
| DB02601 | 4-Hydroxyphenylglycine | Not Available |
| DB02656 | LY-294002 | Not Available |
| DB02703 | Fusidic Acid | For the treatment of bacterial infections. |
| DB02709 | Resveratrol | Being investigated for the treatment of Herpes labialis infections (cold sores). |
| DB02742 | Kifunensine | Not Available |
| DB02757 | Pyrazole | Not Available |
| DB02823 | Phosphonoacetic Acid | Not Available |
| DB02855 | N-(3-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-Carbonyl)-Isoleucyl-Proline | Not Available |
| DB02860 | Calyculin A | Not Available |
| DB02967 | N-Ethylmaleimide | Not Available |
| DB03052 | Dazoxiben | Not Available |
| DB03073 | 3-Methoxybenzamide | Not Available |
| DB03127 | Benzamidine | Not Available |
| DB03206 | Duvoglustat | Not Available |
| DB03366 | Imidazole | Not Available |
| DB03395 | Enalkiren | Not Available |
| DB03424 | Ubenimex | An adjuvant therapy used for acute and chronic myelonous leukemia, lung cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer. It is also used to treat hypercholesterolaemia. |
| DB03459 | Sparfosic acid | Not Available |
| DB03496 | Alvocidib | Investigated for use/treatment in esophageal cancer, leukemia (lymphoid), lung cancer, liver cancer, and lymphoma (unspecified). |
| DB03509 | 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-Quinoxalinecarboxamide | Not Available |
| DB03516 | Eniluracil | For the treatment of cancer in combination with 5-fluorouracil. |
| DB03575 | Phencyclidine | Not Available |
| DB03651 | Picric acid | Not Available |
| DB03758 | Radicicol | Not Available |
| DB03796 | Palmitic Acid | Not Available |
| DB03849 | Cilomilast | Investigated for use/treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). |
| DB03880 | Batimastat | Not Available |
| DB03955 | 1-deoxymannojirimycin | Not Available |
| DB04132 | S-Hexylglutathione | Not Available |
| DB04222 | Sparsomycin | Not Available |
| DB04223 | Nitroarginine | Not Available |
| DB04267 | Dipicolinic Acid | Not Available |
| DB04291 | Oxfenicine | Not Available |
| DB04299 | Maleic Acid | Not Available |
| DB04308 | D-4-hydroxyphenylglycine | Not Available |
| DB04459 | 3,4-Dichloroisocoumarin | Not Available |
| DB04513 | N-(6-Aminohexyl)-5-Chloro-1-Naphthalenesulfonamide | Not Available |
| DB04528 | 2,4-Dinitrophenol | Not Available |
| DB04539 | Glyphosate | Not Available |
| DB04552 | Niflumic acid | Used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB04576 | Fleroxacin | Fleroxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. |
| DB04604 | 5-iodotubercidin | Not Available |
| DB04628 | Allosamidin | Not Available |
| DB04655 | Metoprine | Not Available |
| DB04690 | Camptothecin | Investigated for the treatment of cancer. |
| DB04743 | Nimesulide | For the treatment of acute pain, the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis and primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents and adults above 12 years old. |
| DB04744 | Lawsone | Not Available |
| DB04812 | Benoxaprofen | Not Available |
| DB04818 | Iproniazid | For the treatment of depression (originally intended to treat tuberculosis). |
| DB04820 | Nialamide | Not Available |
| DB04849 | Cediranib | For the treatment of liver cancer, advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and other solid tumors. |
| DB04864 | Huperzine A | Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease. |
| DB04866 | Halofuginone | For the treatment of scleroderma, cancer, and restenosis. |
| DB04876 | Vildagliptin | Used to reduce hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| DB04878 | Voglibose | For the treatment of diabetes. It is specifically used for lowering post-prandial blood glucose levels thereby reducing the risk of macrovascular complications. |
| DB04879 | Vatalanib | Used in combination with first- and second-line chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). |
| DB04880 | Enoximone | For the treatment of congestive heart failure. |
| DB04898 | Ximelagatran | For the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis. |
| DB04912 | Stannsoporfin | Investigated for use/treatment in liver disease, metabolic disease, and pediatric indications. |
| DB04930 | Permethrin | For the treatment of infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies). |
| DB04950 | Ranpirnase | For the treatment of various forms of cancer. |
| DB05015 | Belinostat | Belinostat is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) with manageable safety profile. It is a potential alternative therapy for patients who did not experience adequate response to first-line drugs for PTCL. It can be used in patients with baseline thrombocytopenia [A19161]. |
| DB05022 | Amonafide | Investigated for use/treatment in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. |
| DB05073 | SRT501 | Investigated for use/treatment in diabetes mellitus type 2 and neurologic disorders. |
| DB05088 | Tetrathiomolybdate | Investigated for use/treatment in liver disease and pulmonary fibrosis. |
| DB05100 | Prinomastat | Investigated for use/treatment in brain cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. |
| DB05161 | Elafin | Investigated for use/treatment in inflammatory disorders (unspecified). |
| DB05173 | PTC299 | Investigated for use/treatment in cancer/tumors (unspecified) and solid tumors. |
| DB05262 | Oxypurinol | Intended for the treatment of congestive heart failure and hyperuricemia. |
| DB05265 | Ecabet | For the treatment of reflux oesophagitis and peptic ulcer disease. |
| DB05266 | Ibudilast | For the treatment of multiple sclerosis, asthma, and cerebrovascular disease. |
| DB05289 | Tarenflurbil | Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease and prostate cancer. |
| DB05351 | Dexlansoprazole | Dexlansoprazole is indicated for healing all grades of erosive esophagitis (EE), maintaining and healing of EE and relief of heartburn, and treating heartburn associated with symptomatic non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). |
| DB05737 | Varespladib methyl | Investigated for use/treatment in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. |
| DB05812 | Abiraterone | Used in combination with prednisone for the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. |
| DB06159 | Rubitecan | Investigated for use/treatment in pancreatic cancer, leukemia (unspecified), melanoma, ovarian cancer, and cancer/tumors (unspecified). |
| DB06160 | Garenoxacin | Investigated for use/treatment in bacterial infection. |
| DB06193 | Pixantrone | Currently in Phase III investigation for treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients who have failed two prior lines of therapy. Presently, no standard therapy exists for patients with relapsed or refractory NHL. [2] After first line therapy has been initiated, most patients have received their lifetime limit of doxorubicin and further use of anthracyclines may potentially lead to anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure (CHF). Pixantrone is an attractive alternative as a second line agent, due to its lack of cardiac toxicity. [2]
The phase III trial, PIX-R, is ongoing and will compare pixantrone multidrug therapy with an equivalent regimen in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (the most common type of NHL).
Previous study results have also suggested the possibility that pixantrone may be safe and effective in doxorubicin naive patients. In myocardial strips which are doxorubicin naive, pixantrone is taken up to a higher degree than in myocardial strips which are doxorubicin exposed, and once absorbed exhibits redox inactivity. [3]
Pixantrone dimaleate has also been investigated as a treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, metastatic breast cancer, low grade small lymphocytic lymphomas and general metastatic cancers. |
| DB06195 | Seliciclib | Investigated for use/treatment in breast cancer, lung cancer, lymphoma (unspecified), multiple myeloma, leukemia (lymphoid), and cancer/tumors (unspecified). |
| DB06203 | Alogliptin | Indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| DB06228 | Rivaroxaban | Rivaroxaban is indicated for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients who have undergone total hips replacements and total knee replacement surgery; prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation; treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE); to reduce risk of recurrent DVT and/or PE. Rivaroxaban is also indicated, in combination with aspirin, for reducing the risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with chronic coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease. Due to a lack of safety studies, it is not recommended for use in those under 18 years old. Its use is also not recommended in those with severe renal impairment (<30mL/min).
|
| DB06243 | Eflornithine | Eflornithine is indicated in the treatment of facial hirsutism (excessive hair growth). |
| DB06246 | Exisulind | Investigated for use/treatment in adenomatous polyposis coli, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colon polyps, Barrett's esophagus disease, and pediatric indications. |
| DB06267 | Udenafil | Investigated for use/treatment in erectile dysfunction and hypertension. |
| DB06290 | Simeprevir | Indicated for the treatment of adults with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: typically in combination with sofosbuvir in patients with HCV genotype 1 without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis and in combination with peginterferon alfa (Peg-IFN-alfa) and ribavirin (RBV) in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis.
Resistance: Reduced susceptibility to simeprevir was most commonly associated with the viral NS3 Q80K polymorphism. Amino acid substitutions at NS3 positions S122, R155 and/or D168 are also shown to reduce susceptibility to simeprevir in genotype 1a/b patients.
|
| DB06311 | Darapladib | Investigated for use/treatment in atherosclerosis. |
| DB06335 | Saxagliptin | Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control in combination with other agents or as monotherapy. |
| DB06358 | Iclaprim | Investigated for use/treatment in bacterial infection, skin infections/disorders, obesity, liver disease, kidney disease, and pneumonia. |
| DB06406 | Idraparinux | Investigated for use/treatment in thrombosis, venous thromboembolism, strokes, heart disease, and atrial fibrillation. |
| DB06414 | Etravirine | Indicated as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of adult HIV-1 infections resistant to therapy with other NNRTIs and antiretroviral agents. |
| DB06433 | Tezacitabine | Investigated for use/treatment in colorectal cancer, lung cancer, leukemia (unspecified), and gastric cancer. |
| DB06436 | Semaxanib | Investigated for use/treatment in colorectal cancer and lung cancer. |
| DB06595 | Midostaurin | Investigated for use/treatment in adult patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are FLT3 mutation-positive, agressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM), systemic mastocytosis with associated hematological neoplasm (SM-AHN), or mast cell leukemia (MCL). |
| DB06603 | Panobinostat | Panobinostat is indicated in the treatment of multiple myeloma in combination with dexamethasone and bortezomib in patients who have received 2 previous treatment regimens including bortezomib and an immunomodulatory agent. This indication is approved by accelerated approval based on progression free survival as of February 23, 2015. |
| DB06605 | Apixaban | Apixaban is indicated for reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis(DVT) leading to pulmonary embolism(PE) in patients after a hip or knee replacement surgery, and treatment of DVT and PE to reduce the risk of recurrence[Label,A177565,A6897]. |
| DB06614 | Peramivir | Investigated for use/treatment in influenza. |
| DB06626 | Axitinib | Used in kidney cell cancer and investigated for use/treatment in pancreatic and thyroid cancer. |
| DB06633 | N-chlorotaurine | Investigated for use/treatment in eye disorders/infections. |
| DB06635 | Otamixaban | Investigated for use/treatment in thrombosis. |
| DB06692 | Aprotinin | For prophylactic use to reduce perioperative blood loss and the need for blood transfusion in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass in the course of coronary artery bypass graft surgery who are at an increased risk for blood loss and blood transfusion. |
| DB06693 | Mevastatin | Not used therapeutically due to its many side effects. |
| DB06695 | Dabigatran etexilate | Dabigatran is indicated for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events in patients who have undergone elective hip or knee replacement surgery (based on RE-NOVATE, RE-MODEL, and RE-MOBILIZE trials)[A177463,A6978,A6977]. In 2010, it was approved in the US and Canada for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (approval based on the RE-LY trial)[Label,A177463]. |
| DB06704 | Iobenguane | Detection of primary and metastatic pheochromocytoma or neuroblastoma |
| DB06732 | beta-Naphthoflavone | Not Available |
| DB06733 | Bafilomycin A1 | Not Available |
| DB06771 | Besifloxacin | Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. Bacterial isolates that are susceptible to besifloxacin include: CDC coryneform group G; Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum; Corynebacterium striatum; Haemophilus influenzae; Moraxella lacunata; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus hominis; Staphylococcus lugdunensis; Streptococcus mitis group; Streptococcus oralis; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptococcus salivarius* |
| DB06810 | Plicamycin | For the treatment of testicular cancer, as well as hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria associated with a variety of advanced forms of cancer. |
| DB06817 | Raltegravir | For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in conjunction with other antiretrovirals. |
| DB06827 | Viomycin | Viomycin is an essential component in the drug cocktail currently used to fight infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| DB07232 | Veliparib | Not Available |
| DB07347 | 4-(2-Aminoethyl)Benzenesulfonyl Fluoride | Not Available |
| DB07348 | Brefeldin A | Not Available |
| DB07374 | Anisomycin | Not Available |
| DB07744 | Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone | Not Available |
| DB07954 | 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine | Not Available |
| DB07996 | 5-(2-methylpiperazine-1-sulfonyl)isoquinoline | Not Available |
| DB08437 | Puromycin | Not Available |
| DB08439 | Parecoxib | Used for short term perioperative pain control. |
| DB08550 | 7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | Not Available |
| DB08626 | Thiorphan | Not Available |
| DB08836 | Temocapril | Temocapril is an ACE inhibitor primarily indicated in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, and improvement of prognosis for coronary artery diseases (including acute myocardial infarction). |
| DB08860 | Pitavastatin | Pitavastatin is used to lower serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides, and raise levels of HDL-C for the treatment of dyslipidemia. |
| DB08864 | Rilpivirine | Rilpivirine, in combination with other agents, is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infections in antiretroviral treatment-naive patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤100,000 copies/mL and CD4+ cell count >200 cells/mm3.[L1030] The FDA combination therapy approval of rilpivirine and dolutegravir is indicated for adults with HIV-1 infections whose virus is currently suppressed (< 50 copies/ml) on a stable regimen for at least six months, without history of treatment failure and no known substitutions associated to resistance to any of the two components of the therapy.[L1031] |
| DB08865 | Crizotinib | Crizotinib is used for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is anaplastic-lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive as detected by a FDA-approved test. |
| DB08878 | Aminopterin | Prior to its withdrawal, aminopterin was initially used in the treatment of childhood leukemia; specifically to induce remissions. Later, aminopterin was used off-label in the United States to treat psoriasis, yielding dramatic lesion clearing. Aminopterin was later supplanted by methotrexate for treating cancer because of its better therapeutic index. Aminopterin (as well as methotrexate) has also been explored for use as an abortifacient. However, their association with severe congenital malformations and teratogenic effects have become known as fetal aminopterin syndrome. |
| DB08882 | Linagliptin | Linagliptin is indicated for the treatment of type II diabetes in addition to diet and exercise[FDA Label]. It should not be used to treat type I diabetes or in diabetic ketoacidosis[FDA Label]. |
| DB08895 | Tofacitinib | For the treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis which is resistant or intolerant to methotrexate therapy. It may also be used as an adjunct to methotrexate therapy, or other non-biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS), when methotrexate alone is not sufficient.
Tofacitinib has also been investigated as a preventative therapy for kidney transplant rejections, and as a treatment for psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
It is not to be initiated in patients with a history of chronic or recurrent infections, or in the presence of active infection, even if localized, due to reports of serious and sometimes fatal infections (commonly pneumonia, herpes zoster and urinary tract infections). Use of tofacitinib is also discouraged in those who have been, or are likely to be, exposed to TB. An increased likelihood of exposure may be encountered by traveling to certain areas. In addition, tofacitinib is not to be used in patients with severe hepatic impairment, or low hemoglobin (less than 9g/dL). Cautioned is advised when using tofacitinib in patients at risk of gastrointestinal perforation, and in the elderly who are more susceptible to infection. |
| DB08901 | Ponatinib | Ponatinib is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with chronic phase, accelerated phase, or blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) that is resistant or intolerant to prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL) that is resistant or intolerant to prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. |
| DB08905 | Formestane | For the treatment of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer in post-menopausal women. |
| DB08911 | Trametinib | Trametinib is indicated for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test [FDA].
In May 2018, it was approved for use with [DB08912] for the treatment of treat anaplastic thyroid cancer caused by an abnormal BRAF V600E gene [L2726]. |
| DB08912 | Dabrafenib | Tafinlar is a kinase inhibitor that was initially indicated as a single agent for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation as detected by an FDA-approved test [FDA label].
Tafinlar in combination with [DB08911] is indicated for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test. The use in combination is based on the demonstration of durable response rate. Improvement in disease-related symptoms or overall survival has not been demonstrated for Tafinlar in combination with trametinib [FDA label].
In May 2018, Tafinlar (dabrafenib) and Mekinist ([DB08911]) have been approved in combination to treat anaplastic thyroid cancer caused by an abnormal BRAF V600E gene [L2712]. |
| DB08930 | Dolutegravir | Dolutegravir is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of patients with HIV-1 infection that comply with the characteristics of being adults or children aged 12 years and older and present at least a weight of 40 kg.[A7520] The FDA combination therapy approval of dolutegravir and rilpivirine is indicated for adults with HIV-1 infections whose virus is currently suppressed (< 50 copies/ml) on a stable regimen for at least six months, without history of treatment failure and no known substitutions associated to resistance to any of the two components of the therapy.[L1031] |
| DB08951 | Indoprofen | Not Available |
| DB08972 | Flumequine | Not Available |
| DB08981 | Fenbufen | Not Available |
| DB09039 | Eliglustat | Eliglustat is indicated for the long-term treatment of type 1 Gaucher disease in patients who are CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EMs), intermediate metabolizers (IMs), or poor metabolizers (PMs) in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced adult patients. |
| DB09054 | Idelalisib | Idelalisib is indicated in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), relapsed follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (FL), and relapsed small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). For the treatment of relapsed CLL, it is currently indicated as a second-line agent in combination with rituximab in patients for whom rituximab alone would be considered appropriate therapy due to other co-morbidities, while in the treatment of FL and SLL it is intended to be used in patients who have received at least two prior systemic therapies. |
| DB09060 | Avibactam | AVYCAZ (ceftazidime-avibactam), in combination with metronidazole, is indicated for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections caused by the following susceptible microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients 18 years or older.
AVYCAZ is also indicated for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis caused by the following susceptible microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter koseri, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients 18 years or older. |
| DB09063 | Ceritinib | Ceritinib is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have progressed on or are intolerant to crizotinib. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and duration of response. An improvement in survival or disease-related symptoms has not been established. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials. |
| DB09065 | Cobicistat | Cobicistat is a CYP3A inhibitor indicated to increase systemic exposure of atazanavir or darunavir (once daily dosing regimen) in combination with other antiretroviral agents in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It is not interchangeable with ritonavir to increase systemic exposure of darunavir 600 mg twice daily, fosamprenavir, saquinavir, or tipranavir due to lack of exposure data. The use of cobicistat is not recommended with darunavir 600 mg twice daily, fosamprenavir, saquinavir or tipranavir. Complex or unknown mechanisms of drug interactions preclude extrapolation of ritonavir drug interactions to certain cobicistat interactions. Cobicistat and ritonavir when administered with either atazanavir or darunavir may result in different drug interactions when used with concomitant medications. |
| DB09073 | Palbociclib | Palbociclib is indicated in combination with [letrozole] as initial endocrine-based therapy for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-negative and hormone receptor(HR)-positive tumors in adult patients with advanced/metastatic breast cancer. It is as well approved in combination with [fulvestrant] in patients with disease progression with prior endocrine therapy.[A176783]
In the official labeling, the use of palbociclib should be accompanied with either an aromatase inhibition, no restricted to letrozole, as initial endocrine-based therapy in postmenopausal women or in man.[FDA label]
The breast cancer starts as a group of cancer cells that grow into and destroy the nearby breast tissue. This growth can spread into other parts of the body which is called metastasis. According to the location of the cancer cells, it can be categorized in ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. However, other types of breast cancer include inflammatory breast cancer, Paget disease of the breast, triple negative breast cancer non-Hodgkin lymphoma and soft tissue sarcoma.[L5870] In males, breast cancer is usually treated as the cases of postmenopausal women and almost all the cases are ductal carcinoma.[L5873] |
| DB09074 | Olaparib | Olaparib is a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of:
(I) Ovarian cancer, in which the medication is intended for [a] the maintenance treatment of adult patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer, who are in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy, or [b] for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm) advanced ovarian cancer who have been treated with three or more prior lines of chemotherapy [FDA Label]. Select patients for therapy based on an FDA-approved companion diagnostic for olaparib [FDA Label].
[II] Breast cancer, in which the medication is intended for use in patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious gBRCAm, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer who have previously been treated with chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant or metastatic setting. Patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer should have been treated with a prior endocrine therapy or be considered inappropriate for endocrine treatment [FDA Label]. Select patients for therapy based on an FDA-approved companion diagnostic for olaparib [FDA Label]. |
| DB09075 | Edoxaban | Edoxaban is indicated for reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism (SE) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, it should not be used in patients with creatinine clearance (CrCL) > 95 mL/min because of increased risk of ischemic stroke compared to warfarin at the highest dose studied (60 mg). It is also indicated for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) following 5-10 days of initial therapy with a parenteral anticoagulant. |
| DB09078 | Lenvatinib | Lenvatinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. |
| DB09079 | Nintedanib | Nintedanib is indicated for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). |
| DB09093 | Chlortetracycline | Used in the manufacuring of medicated animal feeds [FDA Label]. |
| DB09241 | Methylene blue | Methylene blue has several indications in medicine:
1. found to improve the hypotension associated with various clinical states.
2. Antiseptic in urinary tract infections.
3. Improves hypoxia and hyper dynamic circulation in cirrhosis of liver and severe hepatopulmonary syndrome.
4. Results in transient and reproducible improvement in blood pressure and cardiac function in septic shock.
5. Investigated for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
6. Treatment of ifofosamide induced neurotoxicity. |
| DB09244 | Pirlindole | For the treatment of major depression.
It is being studied in the treatment of fibromyalgia pain syndrome. One study determined that the effect of pirlindole on sensorimotor performance while driving a motor vehicle shows many similarities to that of placebo. The drug appears to stimulate the central nervous system, rather than exhibit a sedative effect, like many antidepressants. Because of its selective, reversible inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) and short half-life, unpleasant "cheese effects" are avoided. This refers to the effects of consuming tyramine-rich foods, such as cheese while medicated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, leading to severe headaches and hypertension [L1395]. of The available evidence supports pirlindole as a safe and effective treatment option for the management of depression and fibromyalgia syndrome [L1394].
|
| DB09245 | Toloxatone | For the treatment of major depressive disorder. |
| DB09273 | Doxofylline | Indicated for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma and pulmonary disease with spastic bronchial component. |
| DB09283 | Trapidil | Used in the treatment of chronic stable angina [A19770]. |
| DB09324 | Sulbactam | Sulbactam is currently available in combination products with ampicillin. Within this formulation it is indicated for the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below.
Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. (including K. pneumoniae), Proteus mirabilis, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterobacter spp., and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
Intra-Abdominal Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. (including K. pneumoniae), Bacteroides spp. (including B. fragilis), and Enterobacter spp.
Gynecological Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides spp. (including B. fragilis). |
| DB09330 | Osimertinib | Osimertinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as detected by an FDA- approved test, who have progressed on or after EGFR-TKI therapy. |
| DB09335 | Alatrofloxacin | Not Available |
| DB09338 | Mersalyl | Elevated blood pressure, edema [L1577, L1585]. |
| DB09477 | Enalaprilat | Enalaprilat injection is indicated for the treatment of hypertension when oral therapy is not practical. |
| DB09570 | Ixazomib | Ixazomib is indicated in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy. |
| DB11390 | Coumaphos | Not Available |
| DB11397 | Dichlorvos | Not Available |
| DB11412 | Fenthion | Not Available |
| DB11430 | Monensin | Not Available |
| DB11450 | Pimobendan | Not Available |
| DB11457 | Rotenone | Not Available |
| DB11473 | Metrifonate | Not Available |
| DB11476 | Virginiamycin | Not Available |
| DB11510 | Deslorelin | Not Available |
| DB11593 | Isatoic anhydride | Not Available |
| DB11598 | Antithrombin III human | Antithrombin III human is a human antithrombin (AT) indicated in patients with hereditary antithrombin deficiency for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolism and prevention of peri-operative and peri-partum thromboembolism |
| DB11617 | Aclarubicin | Not Available |
| DB11623 | Candoxatrilat | Not Available |
| DB11632 | Opicapone | Opicapone is approved as an adjunctive therapy in adults with Parkinson’s disease and end-of-dose motor fluctuations whose symptoms cannot be stabilized on levodopa/dopa decarboxylase inhibitor combinations [L2336]. |
| DB11656 | Rebamipide | Not Available |
| DB11672 | Curcumin | No approved therapeutic indications. |
| DB11696 | Racecadotril | Not Available |
| DB11760 | Talazoparib | Talazoparib is indicated for the treatment of deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA mutated, HER2 negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer in adults [FDA Label]. |
| DB11774 | Pazufloxacin | Not Available |
| DB11783 | Imidapril | Not Available |
| DB11792 | Mirodenafil | Not Available |
| DB11793 | Niraparib | Niraparib is indicated for the maintenance treatment of adult patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who are in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy |
| DB11805 | Saracatinib | Not Available |
| DB11815 | Tilarginine | Not Available |
| DB11829 | Ruboxistaurin | Not Available |
| DB11830 | Mocetinostat | Not Available |
| DB11841 | Entinostat | Not Available |
| DB11880 | Acridine Carboxamide | Not Available |
| DB11892 | Prulifloxacin | Not Available |
| DB11909 | Varespladib | Not Available |
| DB11912 | Lanopepden | Not Available |
| DB11919 | 6-O-benzylguanine | Not Available |
| DB11924 | Safingol | Not Available |
| DB11956 | Delanzomib | Not Available |
| DB11984 | Letaxaban | Not Available |
| DB12017 | Ozagrel | Not Available |
| DB12038 | Ulinastatin | Not Available |
| DB12072 | Orantinib | Not Available |
| DB12082 | Vesnarinone | Not Available |
| DB12131 | Vinpocetine | Not Available |
| DB12137 | GSK-256066 | Not Available |
| DB12149 | S-3304 | Not Available |
| DB12185 | Exatecan | Not Available |
| DB12194 | Atamestane | Not Available |
| DB12264 | Atevirdine | Not Available |
| DB12286 | Simendan | Not Available |
| DB12289 | Darexaban | Not Available |
| DB12328 | Cantharidin | The only therapeutic use for which cantharidin is currently primarily indicated for is as an active ingredient in topical agents for treating common warts (verruca vulgaris), periungual warts, plantar warts, and molluscum contagiosum [A32891, A32892, F32].
At the same time, such topical cantharidin applications have also been used for a number of off-label indications like callus removal, cutaneous leishmaniasis, herpes zoster, and acquired perforating dermatosis [A32892]. Furthermore, since most topical cantharidin applications are most commonly available in a 0.7% formulation or a more potent 1% mixture, the 0.7% formulation is most commonly indicated for the treatment of common warts, periungual warts, and molluscum contagiosum while the more potent 1% mixture is typically limited only for use by healthcare professionals in a clinical setting for treating plantar warts and other more specialized off-label conditions [A32891, A32892, F32].
Moreover, there have also been studies into whether or not cantharidin could be effective at being used as an inflammatory model or in cancer treatment - either of which has yet to formally elucidate any results [A32892]. |
| DB12332 | Rucaparib | Indicated as monotherapy for the treatment of patients with deleterious BRCA mutation (germline and/or somatic) associated advanced ovarian cancer who have been treated with two or more chemotherapies. Select patients for therapy based on an FDA-approved companion diagnostic for rucaparib. |
| DB12377 | Relebactam | Not Available |
| DB12382 | R-306465 | Not Available |
| DB12445 | Nitroaspirin | Not Available |
| DB12447 | Nadifloxacin | Not Available |
| DB12449 | Tempol | Not Available |
| DB12459 | Belotecan | Not Available |
| DB12531 | Lobucavir | Not Available |
| DB12539 | Oltipraz | Not Available |
| DB12545 | Indobufen | Not Available |
| DB12565 | Abexinostat | Not Available |
| DB12582 | Piperine | Not Available |
| DB12598 | Nafamostat | Used as an anticoagulant in patients with disseminative blood vessel coagulation, hemorrhagic lesions, and hemorrhagic tendencies. It prevents blood clot formation during extracorporeal circulation in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy and extra corporeal membrane oxygenation. |
| DB12604 | Sisomicin | Not Available |
| DB12617 | Mizoribine | Not Available |
| DB12618 | Apocynin | Not Available |
| DB12681 | Salirasib | Not Available |
| DB12695 | Phenethyl Isothiocyanate | Not Available |
| DB12716 | NB-001 | Not Available |
| DB12750 | N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester | Not Available |
| DB12758 | Atreleuton | Not Available |
| DB12769 | Lometrexol | Not Available |
| DB12783 | Benserazide | The primary therapeutic use for which benserazide is currently indicated for is as a combination therapy with levadopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease in adults > 25 years of age, with the exception of drug-induced parkinsonism [F2, L2553].
At certain doses, the combination product of levodopa and benserazide may also be used to treat restless legs syndrome, which is sometimes associated with Parkinson's disease [L2553, T181].
There have also been some studies that have prompted the European Medicines Agency to confer orphan designation upon benserazide hydrochloride as a potential therapy for beta thalassaemia [F3]. Although studies are ongoing, no evidence has been formally elucidated as of yet [F3]. |
| DB12831 | Gabexate | No approved indication. |
| DB12863 | Sivelestat | Not Available |
| DB12870 | Buthionine Sulfoximine | Not Available |
| DB12912 | Nolatrexed | Not Available |
| DB12939 | Nikkomycin Z | Not Available |
| DB12948 | Didox | Not Available |
| DB12967 | Mitoguazone | Not Available |
| DB13014 | Hypericin | Not Available |
| DB13029 | MK-0873 | Not Available |
| DB13058 | Methanesulfonyl Fluoride | Not Available |
| DB13066 | Liarozole | Not Available |
| DB13083 | Talarozole | Not Available |
| DB13166 | Zofenopril | Not Available |
| DB13174 | Rhein | No approved indication. |
| DB13182 | Daidzein | Not Available |
| DB13261 | Sitafloxacin | Not Available |
| DB13307 | Proscillaridin | Not Available |
| DB13312 | Delapril | Not Available |
| DB13338 | Flurithromycin | Not Available |
| DB13393 | Emetine | Not Available |
| DB13400 | Linsidomine | Not Available |
| DB13401 | Metildigoxin | Not Available |
| DB13481 | Tenidap | Not Available |
| DB13495 | Paraoxon | Not Available |
| DB13616 | Melagatran | Not Available |
| DB13627 | Oxolinic acid | Not Available |
| DB13649 | Proquazone | Not Available |
| DB13691 | Acetyldigoxin | Not Available |
| DB13694 | Distigmine | Not Available |
| DB13729 | Camostat | Not Available |
| DB13762 | Dexrabeprazole | Not Available |
| DB13767 | Vorozole | Not Available |
| DB13772 | Rufloxacin | Not Available |
| DB13795 | Brodimoprim | Not Available |
| DB13800 | Calcium levulinate | This new application of calcium is intended for use as a food fortifier, to fortify foods like sauces, condiments, beer, beverages, soft drinks, milk and milk products, soy milk and soy products with calcium nutrition [L2765]. Calcium levulinate can be used alone, or with calcium lactate, calcium chloride, and other compounds, either for pharmaceutical tablets, capsules, or injections preparation [L2765]. In essence, calcium levulinate is ultimately a relatively new calcium supplementation option [L2767]. |
| DB13868 | Adefovir | Not Available |
| DB13875 | Harmaline | Not Available |
| DB13876 | Brofaromine | Not Available |
| DB13877 | Iniparib | Not Available |
| DB13912 | Coumermycin A1 | Not Available |
| DB14025 | Clinafloxacin | Not Available |
| DB14029 | Furafylline | Not Available |
| DB08044 | ABT-341 | Not Available |
| DB08059 | Wortmannin | Not Available |
| DB14058 | Basifungin | Not Available |
| DB14059 | SC-236 | Not Available |
| DB14060 | NS-398 | Not Available |
| DB14062 | Concanamycin A | Not Available |
| DB14125 | Benazeprilat | Not Available |
| DB14126 | Tenofovir | Tenofovir has been shown to be effective against HIV, herpes simplex virus-2, and hepatitis B virus.[A178330]
To know more about the specific product indications, please visit the information in the orally available forms of tenofovir, [tenofovir alafenamide] and [tenofovir disoproxil]. |
| DB14207 | Fosinoprilat | Not Available |
| DB14208 | Ramiprilat | Not Available |
| DB14213 | Perindoprilat | Not Available |
| DB14217 | Quinaprilat | Not Available |
| DB14509 | Lithium carbonate | Lithium is used as a mood stabilizer, and is indicated for the treatment of manic episodes and maintenance of bipolar disorder[FDA Label]. |
| DB14514 | Magnesium levulinate | Not Available |
| DB07338 | Acifluorfen | Not Available |
| DB07558 | acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal | Not Available |
| DB01990 | Cholesterol sulfate | Not Available |
| DB02032 | 1-(3-Mercapto-2-Methyl-Propionyl)-Pyrrolidine-2-Carboxylic Acid | Not Available |
| DB02132 | Zenarestat | Investigated for use/treatment in neuropathy (diabetic). |
| DB02234 | S-Ethylisothiourea | Not Available |
| DB02600 | Oseltamivir acid | Not Available |
| DB02918 | Zardaverine | Not Available |
| DB03285 | 2',4,4'-Trihydroxychalcone | Not Available |
| DB03523 | Brequinar | Not Available |
| DB03695 | Piritrexim | Not Available |
| DB04017 | Clorgiline | Not Available |
| DB04377 | Meglutol | Not Available |
| DB05383 | Pimagedine | Investigated for use/treatment in diabetic kidney disease. |
| DB05482 | 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin | Investigated for use/treatment in colorectal cancer. |
| DB07715 | Emodin | Not Available |
| DB08162 | Fasudil | Not Available |
| DB08188 | Emivirine | Not Available |
| DB11948 | Lapachone | Not Available |
| DB12610 | Ebselen | Not Available |
| DB14726 | Dabigatran | Not Available |
| DB02465 | Methoxy arachidonyl fluorophosphonate | Not Available |
| DB14763 | Cycloguanil | Not Available |
| DB15246 | Salvianolic acid A | Not Available |
| DB15251 | Antipain | Not Available |
| DB15289 | Perilla alcohol | Not Available |
| DB15293 | Epalrestat | Not Available |