First introduced in 1995, glimepiride is a member of the second-generation sulfonylurea (SU) drug class used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to improve glycemic control. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder with increasing prevalences worldwide; it is characterized by insulin resistance in accordance with progressive β cell failure and long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications that lead to co-morbidities and mortalities. Sulfonylureas are one of the insulin secretagogues widely used for the management of type 2 diabetes to lower blood glucose levels. The main effect of SUs is thought to be effective when residual pancreatic β-cells are present ³, as they work by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells and they are also thought to exert extra-pancreatic effects, such as increasing the insulin-mediated peripheral glucose uptake ².

Glimepiride works by stimulating the secretion of insulin granules from pancreatic islet beta cells by blocking ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K_ATP channels) and causing depolarization of the beta cells. Compared to glipizide, another second SU drug, glimepiride has a longer duration of action. It is sometimes classified as a third-generation SU because it has larger substitutions than other second-generation SUs ¹. Compared to other SUs, glimepiride was associated with a lower risk of developing hypoglycemia and weight gain in clinical trials ² as well as fewer cardiovascular effects than other SUs due to minimal effects on ischemic preconditioning of cardiac myocytes ¹. It is effective in reducing fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels and is considered to be a useful, cost-effective treatment option for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus ¹. Glimepiride was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States in 1995 for the treatment of T2DM. It is commonly marketed under the brand name Amaryl as oral tablets and is typically administered once daily.

Structure

Similar Structures

Synonyms

Glimepirida
Glimepiride
Glimépiride
Glimepiridum

External IDs

HOE 490 / HOE-490 / HOE490

Product Images

Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
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Amaryl	Tablet	4 mg	Oral	Sanofi Aventis	2002-03-12	2018-06-07
Amaryl	Tablet	2 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	2000-09-18	2011-06-30
Amaryl	Tablet	2 mg	Oral	Sanofi Aventis	2002-03-12	2018-07-31
Amaryl	Tablet	4 mg/1	Oral	sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC	2009-06-18	Not applicable
Amaryl	Tablet	1 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	2000-11-24	2011-06-30
Amaryl	Tablet	1 mg	Oral	Sanofi Aventis	2002-03-12	2018-07-31
Amaryl	Tablet	2 mg/1	Oral	sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC	2009-06-18	Not applicable
Amaryl	Tablet	1 mg/1	Oral	sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC	2009-06-18	Not applicable
Amaryl	Tablet	4 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	2000-11-21	2011-06-30
Co Glimepiride	Tablet		Oral	Cobalt Laboratories	2006-04-24	2012-08-02

Additional Data Available

Application Number

A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.

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Product Code

A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.

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Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
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Apo-glimepiride	Tablet		Oral	Apotex Corporation	2007-09-29	Not applicable
Apo-glimepiride	Tablet		Oral	Apotex Corporation	2007-09-29	Not applicable
Apo-glimepiride	Tablet		Oral	Apotex Corporation	2007-09-29	Not applicable
Glimepiride	Tablet	4 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2016-07-11	Not applicable
Glimepiride	Tablet	1 mg/1	Oral	International Laboratories, Llc	2009-02-06	2019-02-25
Glimepiride	Tablet	2 mg/1	Oral	A-S Medication Solutions	2012-01-01	Not applicable
Glimepiride	Tablet	1 mg/1	Oral	Sandoz	2005-10-06	2011-11-30
Glimepiride	Tablet	4 mg/1	Oral	Directrx	2015-01-01	Not applicable
Glimepiride	Tablet	2 mg/1	Oral	Northwind Pharmaceuticals	2017-02-24	Not applicable
Glimepiride	Tablet	2 mg/1	Oral	A-S Medication Solutions	2005-10-06	2017-01-31

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Application Number

A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.

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Product Code

A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.

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Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (4 mg) + Rosiglitazone (4 mg)	Tablet	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2006-05-04	2011-07-31
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (2 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (8 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2011-05-24	2015-11-07
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (4 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (8 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2007-05-22	2011-11-18
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (2 mg) + Rosiglitazone (4 mg)	Tablet	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2006-05-04	2011-07-31
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (4 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (4 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2011-05-24	2015-11-07
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (2 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (8 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2007-05-22	2011-11-18
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (1 mg) + Rosiglitazone (4 mg)	Tablet	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2006-05-04	2011-08-29
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (2 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (4 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2011-05-24	2015-11-07
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (4 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (4 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2006-01-05	2011-11-18
Avandaryl	Glimepiride (1 mg/1) + Rosiglitazone Maleate (4 mg/1)	Tablet, film coated	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	2011-05-24	2015-11-07

International/Other Brands

GLIMPID (Ranbaxy Laboratories) / GLIMY (Dr.Reddy's Labs)

Categories

UNII

6KY687524K

CAS number

93479-97-1

Weight

Average: 490.62
Monoisotopic: 490.224991385

Chemical Formula

C₂₄H₃₄N₄O₅S

InChI Key

WIGIZIANZCJQQY-RUCARUNLSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C24H34N4O5S/c1-4-21-17(3)15-28(22(21)29)24(31)25-14-13-18-7-11-20(12-8-18)34(32,33)27-23(30)26-19-9-5-16(2)6-10-19/h7-8,11-12,16,19H,4-6,9-10,13-15H2,1-3H3,(H,25,31)(H2,26,27,30)/t16-,19-

IUPAC Name

3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-N-(2-{4-[({[(1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl]carbamoyl}amino)sulfonyl]phenyl}ethyl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-1-carboxamide

SMILES

CCC1=C(C)CN(C(=O)NCCC2=CC=C(C=C2)S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N[C@H]2CC[C@H](C)CC2)C1=O

Pharmacology

Indication

Glimepiride is indicated for the management of type 2 diabetes in adults as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control as monotherapy. It may also be indicated for use in combination with metformin or insulin to lower blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes whose high blood sugar levels cannot be controlled by diet and exercise in conjunction with an oral hypoglycemic (a drug used to lower blood sugar levels) agent alone ⁸.

Associated Conditions

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Pharmacodynamics

Glimepiride stimulates the secretion of insulin granules from the pancreatic beta cells and improves the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin to increase peripheral glucose uptake, thus reducing plasma blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels. A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of glimepiride (1–8 mg) as monotherapy titrated over 10 weeks compared with placebo in T2DM subjects who were not controlled by diet alone ¹. In this study, there was a reduction in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) by 46 mg/dL, post-prandial glucose (PPG) by 72 mg/dL, and HbA1c by 1.4% more than the placebo ¹. In another randomized study comprising of patients with T2DM receiving either placebo or one of the three doses (1, 4, or 8 mg) of glimepiride during a 14-week study period, all glimepiride regimens significantly reduced FPG, PPG, and HbA1c values (P < 0.001) compared to placebo by the end of the study period ¹. The 4- and 8-mg doses of glimepiride were more effective than the 1-mg dose; however, the 4-mg dose provided a nearly maximal antihyperglycemic effect ¹.

Mechanism of action

ATP-sensitive potassium channels on pancreatic beta cells that are gated by intracellular ATP and ADP. The hetero-octomeric complex of the channel is composed of four pore-forming Kir6.2 subunits and four regulatory sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits. Alternative splicing allows the formation of channels composed of varying subunit isoforms expressed at different concentrations in different tissues ⁷. In pancreatic beta cells, ATP-sensitive potassium channels play a role as essential metabolic sensors and regulators that couple membrane excitability with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) ⁶. When there is a decrease in the ATP:ADP ratio, the channels are activated and open, leading to K+ efflux from the cell, membrane hyperpolarization, and suppression of insulin secretion ⁶. In contrast, increased uptake of glucose into the cell leads to elevated intracellular ATP:ADP ratio, leading to the closure of channels and membrane depolarization. Depolarization leads to activation and opening of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and consequently an influx of calcium ions into the cell ⁶. Elevated intracellular calcium levels causes the contraction of the filaments of actomyosin responsible for the exocytosis of insulin granules stored in vesicles ³. Glimepiride blocks the ATP-sensitive potassium channel by binding non-specifically to the B sites of both sulfonylurea receptor-1 (SUR1) and sulfonylurea receptor-2A (SUR2A) subunits as well as the A site of SUR1 subunit of the channel ³ to promote insulin secretion from the beta cell.

Target	Actions	Organism
AATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11	inhibitor	Humans
AATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1	inhibitor	Humans
AATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8	inducer	Humans

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Adverse Effects

Comprehensive structured data on known drug adverse effects with statistical prevalence. MedDRA and ICD10 ids are provided for adverse effect conditions and symptoms.

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Contraindications

Structured data covering drug contraindications. Each contraindication describes a scenario in which the drug is not to be used. Includes restrictions on co-administration, contraindicated populations, and more.

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Blackbox Warnings

Structured data representing warnings from the black box section of drug labels. These warnings cover important and dangerous risks, contraindications, or adverse effects.

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Absorption

Glimepiride is completely absorbed after oral administration within 1 hour of administration with a linear pharmacokinetics profile ¹. Following administration of a single oral dose of glimepiride in healthy subjects and with multiple oral doses with type 2 diabetes, the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) were reached after 2 to 3 hours post-dose ^Label. Accumulation does not occur after multiple doses ¹. When glimepiride was given with meals, the time to reach Cmax was increased by 12% while the mean and AUC (area under the curve) were decreased by 8 to 9%, respectively ⁸. In a pharmacokinetic study of Japanese patients with T2DM, Cmax value in once-daily dose was higher than those in twice-daily doses ⁵. The absolute bioavailability of glimepiride is reported to be complete following oral administration ⁴.

Volume of distribution

Following intravenous dosing in healthy subjects, the volume of distribution was 8.8 L (113 mL/kg) ^Label.

Protein binding

Plasma protein binding of glimepiride is greater than 99.5% ^Label.

Metabolism

Glimepiride is reported to undergo hepatic metabolism. Following either an intravenous or oral dose, glimepiride undergoes oxidative biotransformation mediated by CYP2C9 enzyme to form a major metabolite, cyclohexyl hydroxymethyl derivative (M1), that is pharmacologically active. M1 can be further metabolized to the inactive metabolite carboxyl derivative (M2) by one or several cytosolic enzymes. M1 retained approximately one third of the pharmacologic activity of its parent in an animal model, with a half-life of 3-6 hours ³. However, whether the glucose-lowering effect of M1 is clinically significant is not clear.

Glimepiride
Cyclohexyl hydroxymethyl glimepiride
- Cyclohexyl hydroxymethyl glimepiride
  Cyclohexyl carboxyl glimepiride

Route of elimination

Following oral administration of glimepiride in healthy male subjects, approximately 60% of the total radioactivity was recovered in the urine in 7 days, with M1 and M2 accounting for 80-90% of the total radioactivity recovered in the urine. The ratio of M1 to M2 was approximately 3:2 in two subjects and 4:1 in one subject ^Label. Approximately 40% of the total radioactivity was recovered in feces where M1 and M2 accounted for about 70% of the radioactivity and a ratio of M1 to M2 being 1:3. No parent drug was recovered from urine or feces ^Label.

Half life

The elimination half-life of glimepiride is approximately 5 to 8 hours ³, which can increase up to 9 hours following multiple doses ².

Clearance

A single-dose, crossover, dose-proportionality (1, 2, 4, and 8 mg) study in normal subjects and from a single- and multiple-dose, parallel, dose proportionality (4 and 8 mg) study in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were performed. In these studies, the total body clearance was 52.1 +/- 16.0 mL/min, 48.5 +/- 29.3 mL/min in patients with T2D given a single oral dose, and 52.7 +/- 40.3 mL/min in patients with T2D given multiple oral doses ⁸. Following intravenous dosing in healthy subjects, the total body clearance was 47.8 mL/min ^Label.

Toxicity

The oral LD50 value in rats is > 10000 mg/kg ^MSDS. The intraperitoneal LD50 value in rats is reported to be 3950 mg/kg ^MSDS. Although glimepiride is reported to have fewer risks of hypoglycemia compared to other sulfonylureas such as glyburide, overdosage of glimepiride may result in severe hypoglycemia with coma, seizure, or other neurological impairment may occur. This can be treated with glucagon or intravenous glucose. Continued observation and additional carbohydrate intake may be necessary since hypoglycemia may recur after apparent clinical recovery ^Label.

In a study of rats given doses of up to 5000 parts per million (ppm) in complete feed for 30 months, there were no signs of carcinogenesis. Meanwhile, the administration of glimepiride at a dose much higher than the maximum human recommended dose for 24 months in mice resulted in an increase in benign pancreatic adenoma formation in a dose-related manner, which was thought to be the result of chronic pancreatic stimulation ^Label. Glimepiride was non-mutagenic in a battery of in vitro and in vivo mutagenicity studies. In male and female rat studies, glimepiride was shown to have no effects on fertility ^Label.

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Interacting Gene/Enzyme	Allele name	Genotype(s)	Defining Change(s)	Type(s)	Description	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Villeurbanne	Not Available	1000_1002delACC	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Torun	Not Available	1006A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Sunderland	Not Available	105_107delCAT	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Iwatsuki	Not Available	1081G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Serres	Not Available	1082C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Tondela	Not Available	1084_1101delCTGAACGAGCGCAAGGCC	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Loma Linda	Not Available	1089C->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Aachen	Not Available	1089C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Tenri	Not Available	1096A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Montpellier	Not Available	1132G>A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Calvo Mackenna	Not Available	1138A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Riley	Not Available	1139T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Olomouc	Not Available	1141T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Tomah	Not Available	1153T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Lynwood	Not Available	1154G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Madrid	Not Available	1155C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Iowa, Walter Reed, Springfield	Not Available	1156A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Beverly Hills, Genova, Iwate, Niigata, Yamaguchi	Not Available	1160G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Hartford	Not Available	1162A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Praha	Not Available	1166A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Krakow	Not Available	1175T>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Wisconsin	Not Available	1177C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Nashville, Anaheim, Portici	Not Available	1178G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Alhambra	Not Available	1180G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Bari	Not Available	1187C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Puerto Limon	Not Available	1192G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Covao do Lobo	Not Available	1205C>A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Clinic	Not Available	1215G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Utrecht	Not Available	1225C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Suwalki	Not Available	1226C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Riverside	Not Available	1228G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Japan, Shinagawa	Not Available	1229G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kawasaki	Not Available	1229G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Munich	Not Available	1231A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Georgia	Not Available	1284C->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Sumare	Not Available	1292T->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Telti/Kobe	Not Available	1318C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Santiago de Cuba, Morioka	Not Available	1339G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Harima	Not Available	1358T->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Figuera da Foz	Not Available	1366G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Amiens	Not Available	1367A>T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Bangkok Noi	Not Available	1376G->T, 1502T->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Fukaya	Not Available	1462G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Campinas	Not Available	1463G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Buenos Aires	Not Available	1465C>T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Arakawa	Not Available	1466C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Brighton	Not Available	1488_1490delGAA	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kozukata	Not Available	159G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Amsterdam	Not Available	180_182delTCT	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	No name	Not Available	202G->A, 376A->G, 1264C>G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Swansea	Not Available	224T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Urayasu	Not Available	281_283delAGA	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Vancouver	Not Available	317C->G544C->T592C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Mt Sinai	Not Available	376A->G, 1159C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Plymouth	Not Available	488G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Volendam	Not Available	514C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Shinshu	Not Available	527A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Chikugo	Not Available	535A->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Tsukui	Not Available	561_563delCTC	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Pedoplis-Ckaro	Not Available	573C>G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Santiago	Not Available	593G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Minnesota, Marion, Gastonia, LeJeune	Not Available	637G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Cincinnati	Not Available	637G->T, 1037A->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Harilaou	Not Available	648T->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	North Dallas	Not Available	683_685delACA	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Asahikawa	Not Available	695G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Durham	Not Available	713A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Stonybrook	Not Available	724_729delGGCACT	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Wayne	Not Available	769C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Aveiro	Not Available	806G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Cleveland Corum	Not Available	820G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Lille	Not Available	821A>T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Bangkok	Not Available	825G>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Sugao	Not Available	826C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	La Jolla	Not Available	832T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Wexham	Not Available	833C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Piotrkow	Not Available	851T>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	West Virginia	Not Available	910G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Omiya	Not Available	921G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Nara	Not Available	953_976delCCACCAAAGGGTACCTGGAC GACC	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Manhattan	Not Available	962G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Rehevot	Not Available	964T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Honiara	Not Available	99A->G / 1360C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Tokyo, Fukushima	Not Available	1246G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Chatham	Not Available	1003G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Fushan	Not Available	1004C->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Partenope	Not Available	1052G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Ierapetra	Not Available	1057C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Anadia	Not Available	1193A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Abeno	Not Available	1220A->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Surabaya	Not Available	1291G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Pawnee	Not Available	1316G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	S. Antioco	Not Available	1342A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Cassano	Not Available	1347G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Hermoupolis	Not Available	1347G->C / 1360C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Union,Maewo, Chinese-2, Kalo	Not Available	1360C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Andalus	Not Available	1361G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Cosenza	Not Available	1376G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Canton, Taiwan- Hakka, Gifu-like, Agrigento-like	Not Available	1376G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Flores	Not Available	1387C->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kaiping, Anant, Dhon, Sapporo-like, Wosera	Not Available	1388G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kamogawa	Not Available	169C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Costanzo	Not Available	179T>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Amazonia	Not Available	185C->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Songklanagarind	Not Available	196T->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Hechi	Not Available	202G->A / 871G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Namouru	Not Available	208T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Bao Loc	Not Available	352T>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Crispim	Not Available	375G->T, 379G->T383T->C384C>T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Acrokorinthos	Not Available	376A->G / 463C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Santa Maria	Not Available	376A->G / 542A->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Ananindeua	Not Available	376A->G / 871G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Vanua Lava	Not Available	383T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Valladolid	Not Available	406C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Belem	Not Available	409C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Liuzhou	Not Available	442G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Shenzen	Not Available	473G>A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Taipei ‚ÄúChinese- 3‚Äù	Not Available	493A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Toledo	Not Available	496C>T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Naone	Not Available	497G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Nankang	Not Available	517T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Miaoli	Not Available	519C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Mediterranean, Dallas, Panama‚ Sassari, Cagliari, Birmingham	Not Available	563C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Coimbra Shunde	Not Available	592C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Nilgiri	Not Available	593G>A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Radlowo	Not Available	679C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Roubaix	Not Available	811G>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Haikou	Not Available	835A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Chinese-1	Not Available	835A->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Mizushima	Not Available	848A>G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Osaka	Not Available	853C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Viangchan, Jammu	Not Available	871G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Seoul	Not Available	916G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Ludhiana	Not Available	929G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Farroupilha	Not Available	977C->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Chinese-5	Not Available	1024C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Rignano	Not Available	130G>A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Orissa	Not Available	131C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	G6PDNice	Not Available	1380G>C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kamiube, Keelung	Not Available	1387C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Neapolis	Not Available	1400C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Aures	Not Available	143T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Split	Not Available	1442C->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kambos	Not Available	148C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Palestrina	Not Available	170G>A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Metaponto	Not Available	172G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Musashino	Not Available	185C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Asahi	Not Available	202G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	A- (202), Ferrara I	Not Available	202G->A / 376A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Murcia Oristano	Not Available	209A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Ube Konan	Not Available	241C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Lagosanto	Not Available	242G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Guangzhou	Not Available	274C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Hammersmith	Not Available	323T->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Sinnai	Not Available	34G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	A- (680)	Not Available	376A->G / 680G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	A- (968), Betica,Selma, Guantanamo	Not Available	376A->G / 968T->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Salerno Pyrgos	Not Available	383T>G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Quing Yan	Not Available	392G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Lages	Not Available	40G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Ilesha	Not Available	466G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Mahidol	Not Available	487G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Malaga	Not Available	542A->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Sibari	Not Available	634A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Mexico City	Not Available	680G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Nanning	Not Available	703C->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Seattle, Lodi, Modena, Ferrara II, Athens-like	Not Available	844G->C	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Bajo Maumere	Not Available	844G->T	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Montalbano	Not Available	854G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Kalyan-Kerala, Jamnaga, Rohini	Not Available	949G->A	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	Gaohe	Not Available	95A->G	ADR Inferred	Increased risk of hemolytic anemia.	Details

Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Drug	Interaction
Unlock Additional Data
(R)-warfarin	Glimepiride may increase the anticoagulant activities of (R)-warfarin.
(S)-Warfarin	Glimepiride may increase the anticoagulant activities of (S)-Warfarin.
2,4-thiazolidinedione	The risk or severity of hypoglycemia can be increased when Glimepiride is combined with 2,4-thiazolidinedione.
3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid	The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be decreased when used in combination with 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid.
3,5-Diiodotyrosine	The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be decreased when used in combination with 3,5-Diiodotyrosine.
4-hydroxycoumarin	The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be increased when used in combination with 4-hydroxycoumarin.
4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucoside	The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be increased when used in combination with 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucoside.
5-(2-methylpiperazine-1-sulfonyl)isoquinoline	The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be increased when used in combination with 5-(2-methylpiperazine-1-sulfonyl)isoquinoline.
7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline	7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Glimepiride.
Abaloparatide	The therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride can be decreased when used in combination with Abaloparatide.

Additional Data Available

Extended Description

Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.

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Severity

A severity rating for each drug interaction, from minor to major.

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Evidence Level

A rating for the strength of the evidence supporting each drug interaction.

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Action

An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.

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Food Interactions

Avoid alcohol.
Even though food reduces product absorption, the manufacturer recommends taking the product with the first meal of the day.

References

Synthesis Reference

Suresh Kadam, Venkatasubramanian Tarur, Sanjay Naik, Sachin Gavhane, "Process for preparation of substantially pure glimepiride." U.S. Patent US20070082943, issued April 12, 2007.

US20070082943

General References

Basit A, Riaz M, Fawwad A: Glimepiride: evidence-based facts, trends, and observations (GIFTS). [corrected]. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2012;8:463-72. doi: 10.2147/HIV.S33194. Epub 2012 Aug 15. [PubMed:23028231]
Massi-Benedetti M: Glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of the worldwide therapeutic experience. Clin Ther. 2003 Mar;25(3):799-816. [PubMed:12852703]
Sola D, Rossi L, Schianca GP, Maffioli P, Bigliocca M, Mella R, Corliano F, Fra GP, Bartoli E, Derosa G: Sulfonylureas and their use in clinical practice. Arch Med Sci. 2015 Aug 12;11(4):840-8. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2015.53304. Epub 2015 Aug 11. [PubMed:26322096]
Badian M, Korn A, Lehr KH, Malerczyk V, Waldhausl W: Absolute bioavailability of glimepiride (Amaryl) after oral administration. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 1994;11(4):331-9. [PubMed:12369756]
Matsuki M, Matsuda M, Kohara K, Shimoda M, Kanda Y, Tawaramoto K, Shigetoh M, Kawasaki F, Kotani K, Kaku K: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glimepiride in type 2 diabetic patients: compared effects of once- versus twice-daily dosing. Endocr J. 2007 Aug;54(4):571-6. Epub 2007 Jul 2. [PubMed:17603225]
Koster JC, Permutt MA, Nichols CG: Diabetes and insulin secretion: the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (K ATP) connection. Diabetes. 2005 Nov;54(11):3065-72. [PubMed:16249427]
Shi NQ, Ye B, Makielski JC: Function and distribution of the SUR isoforms and splice variants. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2005 Jul;39(1):51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2004.11.024. Epub 2005 Feb 5. [PubMed:15978902]
Amaryl (glimepiride) Product Monograph - Sanofi in Canada [File]

External Links

KEGG Drug: D00593
KEGG Compound: C07669
PubChem Compound: 3476
PubChem Substance: 46508842
ChemSpider: 16740595
ChEBI: 5383
ChEMBL: CHEMBL1481
Therapeutic Targets Database: DAP000132
PharmGKB: PA449761
RxList: RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com: Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia: Glimepiride

ATC Codes

A10BD04 — Glimepiride and rosiglitazone

A10BB12 — Glimepiride

A10BD06 — Glimepiride and pioglitazone

AHFS Codes

68:20.20 — Sulfonylureas

FDA label

Download (458 KB)

MSDS

Download (305 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
1	Completed	Not Available	Healthy Male Volunteers	1
1	Completed	Not Available	Healthy Volunteers	3
1	Completed	Not Available	Pharmacokinetics	1
1	Completed	Not Available	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
1	Completed	Basic Science	Healthy Volunteers	4
1	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM)	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Healthy Volunteers	6
1	Completed	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	3
1	Completed	Treatment	Type2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
1	Not Yet Recruiting	Health Services Research	Type2 Diabetes	1
1	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Healthy Volunteers	1
1	Terminated	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
2	Completed	Not Available	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Congestive Heart Failure / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Impaired Glucose Tolerance / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	5
2	Withdrawn	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
2, 3	Completed	Treatment	Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young	1
2, 3	Completed	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	2
3	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Comparative Effectiveness of Glycemia-lowering Medications / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
3	Completed	Prevention	Atherosclerosis / Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) / Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) / Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) / High Cholesterol / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM)	4
3	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Dyslipidemias	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	5
3	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Non Insulin Dependent	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Diabetics Patients	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	49
3	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
3	Terminated	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	4
3	Terminated	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	8
3	Unknown Status	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
3	Withdrawn	Health Services Research	Diabetes Mellitus (DM)	1
3	Withdrawn	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	2
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) / Type2 Diabetes	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Coronary Artery Disease / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM)	3
4	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Endothelial Dysfunction	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	3
4	Completed	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Glucotoxicity / Pancreatic Beta Cell Function / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Hypoglycemia / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Inadequate Glycaemic Control / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / Type2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Insulin Resistance / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	27
4	Enrolling by Invitation	Treatment	Microalbuminuria / Microalbuminuria /Creatinine Ratios ACR	1
4	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM)	1
4	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Recruiting	Treatment	Effects of the DPP-4 Inhibitors or SGLT2 Inhibitors on the Protective Actions for Diabetic Complications	1
4	Recruiting	Treatment	Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)	1
4	Recruiting	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	5
4	Terminated	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	7
4	Unknown Status	Not Available	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Unknown Status	Basic Science	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
4	Unknown Status	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	3
4	Withdrawn	Not Available	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Active Not Recruiting	Prevention	Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)	1
Not Available	Completed	Not Available	Healthy Volunteers	2
Not Available	Completed	Not Available	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	6
Not Available	Completed	Basic Science	Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young, Type 3	1
Not Available	Completed	Other	Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Completed	Other	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Atherosclerosis / Impaired Glucose Tolerance / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Glimepiride BE Study in Healthy Volunteers Under Fasting Condition	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Pre-Diabetic / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	4
Not Available	Not Yet Recruiting	Not Available	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Recruiting	Not Available	Type2 Diabetes	1
Not Available	Recruiting	Supportive Care	Diabetics Patients	1
Not Available	Recruiting	Treatment	Diabetes Mellitus (DM)	1
Not Available	Recruiting	Treatment	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Recruiting	Treatment	Type2 Diabetes Mellitus	1
Not Available	Unknown Status	Treatment	To Evaluate the Effect of Pioglitazone on Glucose Metabolism of Fat Tissue by Using FDG-PET/CT Imaging	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Sanofi aventis us llc
Accord healthcare inc
Carlsbad technology inc
Corepharma llc
Dr reddys laboratories ltd
Genpharm inc
Invagen pharmaceuticals inc
Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
Ranbaxy laboratories ltd
Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
Vintage pharmaceuticals llc
Watson laboratories inc
Watson laboratories inc florida

Packagers

Accord Healthcare
Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
Amerisource Health Services Corp.
A-S Medication Solutions LLC
Bryant Ranch Prepack
Cardinal Health
Carlsbad Technology Inc.
Cobalt Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Corepharma LLC
Dispensing Solutions
Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
Doctor Reddys Laboratories Ltd.
Heartland Repack Services LLC
Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
International Laboratories Inc.
InvaGen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Ivax Pharmaceuticals
Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
Mylan
Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Perrigo Co.
Pharmacy Service Center
Physicians Total Care Inc.
Prasco Labs
Prepak Systems Inc.
Ranbaxy Laboratories
Rebel Distributors Corp.
Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
Sandoz
Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
Southwood Pharmaceuticals
Stat Scripts LLC
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
UDL Laboratories
Vangard Labs Inc.

Dosage forms

Form	Route	Strength
Tablet	Oral	1 mg
Tablet	Oral	2 mg
Tablet	Oral	4 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral
Tablet	Oral	1 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	2 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	3 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	4 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	6 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	8 mg/1
Tablet	Oral
Tablet	Oral

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Amaryl 4 mg tablet	2.11USD	tablet
Amaryl 2 mg tablet	1.25USD	tablet
Glimepiride 4 mg tablet	1.25USD	tablet
Amaryl 1 mg tablet	0.88USD	tablet
Glimepiride 2 mg tablet	0.67USD	tablet
Glimepiride 1 mg tablet	0.42USD	tablet

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)
Unlock Additional Data
US6150383	No	2000-11-21	2016-06-19
US6211205	No	2001-04-03	2016-06-19
US6303640	No	2001-10-16	2016-08-09
US6329404	No	2001-12-11	2016-06-19
US8071130	No	2011-12-06	2028-06-08
US7538125	No	2009-05-26	2016-06-19
US7700128	No	2010-04-20	2027-01-30
US7358366	Yes	2008-04-15	2020-10-19

Additional Data Available

Filed On

The date on which a patent was filed with the relevant government.

Learn more

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	207	MSDS
water solubility	Partly miscible	MSDS

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.0384 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	2.82	ALOGPS
logP	3.12	ChemAxon
logS	-4.1	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	4.32	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.7	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	5	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	124.68 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	6	ChemAxon
Refractivity	129.8 m³·mol^-1	ChemAxon
Polarizability	53.49 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	3	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Predicted ADMET features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.986
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.7322
Caco-2 permeable	-	0.6809
P-glycoprotein substrate	Substrate	0.7501
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.6556
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Inhibitor	0.6124
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.8241
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Substrate	0.5661
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Non-substrate	0.5978
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.9045
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Inhibitor	0.8949
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9025
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8309
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.8599
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.6392
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.7301
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.68
Rat acute toxicity	2.4158 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.7714
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.8263

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-03di-0012290000-966a50af984de12b0ba8
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0udi-2629000000-29b987358cc85159c5b8
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-03di-0002190000-0aaefa2e07605da97f81
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0udi-0409000000-91b493608ac508427593
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-3911000000-78c0f40c965f78bfa591

Taxonomy

Description: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzenesulfonamides. These are organic compounds containing a sulfonamide group that is S-linked to a benzene ring.
Kingdom: Organic compounds
Super Class: Benzenoids
Class: Benzene and substituted derivatives
Sub Class: Benzenesulfonamides
Direct Parent: Benzenesulfonamides
Alternative Parents: Benzenesulfonyl compounds / Pyrroline carboxylic acids and derivatives / Sulfonylureas / N-acyl ureas / Organosulfonic acids and derivatives / Dicarboximides / Aminosulfonyl compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organic oxides
show 2 more
Substituents: Benzenesulfonamide / Benzenesulfonyl group / Pyrroline carboxylic acid or derivatives / N-acyl urea / Ureide / Sulfonylurea / Dicarboximide / Pyrroline / Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives / Organosulfonic acid or derivatives
show 17 more
Molecular Framework: Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors: sulfonamide, N-sulfonylurea, N-acylurea (CHEBI:5383)

Targets

Details1. ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Voltage-gated potassium channel activity
Specific Function: This receptor is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage ...
Gene Name: KCNJ11
Uniprot ID: Q14654
Uniprot Name: ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11
Molecular Weight: 43540.375 Da

References

Song DK, Ashcroft FM: Glimepiride block of cloned beta-cell, cardiac and smooth muscle K(ATP) channels. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 May;133(1):193-9. [PubMed:11325810]
Lawrence CL, Rainbow RD, Davies NW, Standen NB: Effect of metabolic inhibition on glimepiride block of native and cloned cardiac sarcolemmal K(ATP) channels. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;136(5):746-52. [PubMed:12086984]
Bataille D: [Molecular mechanisms of insulin secretion]. Diabetes Metab. 2002 Dec;28(6 Suppl):4S7-13. [PubMed:12703060]

Details2. ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding
Specific Function: In the kidney, probably plays a major role in potassium homeostasis. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than...
Gene Name: KCNJ1
Uniprot ID: P48048
Uniprot Name: ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1
Molecular Weight: 44794.6 Da

References

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
Proks P, Reimann F, Green N, Gribble F, Ashcroft F: Sulfonylurea stimulation of insulin secretion. Diabetes. 2002 Dec;51 Suppl 3:S368-76. [PubMed:12475777]
Bataille D: [Molecular mechanisms of insulin secretion]. Diabetes Metab. 2002 Dec;28(6 Suppl):4S7-13. [PubMed:12703060]

Details3. ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Inducer

General Function: Sulfonylurea receptor activity
Specific Function: Subunit of the beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP). Regulator of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels and insulin release.
Gene Name: ABCC8
Uniprot ID: Q09428
Uniprot Name: ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8
Molecular Weight: 176990.36 Da

References

Muller G, Hartz D, Punter J, Okonomopulos R, Kramer W: Differential interaction of glimepiride and glibenclamide with the beta-cell sulfonylurea receptor. I. Binding characteristics. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 May 11;1191(2):267-77. [PubMed:8172912]
Kramer W, Muller G, Geisen K: Characterization of the molecular mode of action of the sulfonylurea, glimepiride, at beta-cells. Horm Metab Res. 1996 Sep;28(9):464-8. [PubMed:8911984]
Kramer W, Muller G, Girbig F, Gutjahr U, Kowalewski S, Hartz D, Summ HD: The molecular interaction of sulfonylureas with beta-cell ATP-sensitive K(+)-channels. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1995 Aug;28 Suppl:S67-80. [PubMed:8529521]

Enzymes

Details1. Cytochrome P450 2C9

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name: CYP2C9
Uniprot ID: P11712
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2C9
Molecular Weight: 55627.365 Da

References

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]

Transporters

Details1. Bile salt export pump

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Transporter activity
Specific Function: Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
Gene Name: ABCB11
Uniprot ID: O95342
Uniprot Name: Bile salt export pump
Molecular Weight: 146405.83 Da

References

Pedersen JM, Matsson P, Bergstrom CA, Hoogstraate J, Noren A, LeCluyse EL, Artursson P: Early identification of clinically relevant drug interactions with the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11). Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):328-43. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft197. Epub 2013 Sep 6. [PubMed:24014644]

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on November 16, 2019 17:31

Glimepiride

Identification

Structure for Glimepiride (DB00222)

Pharmacology

Interactions

References

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Taxonomy

Targets

References

References

References

Enzymes

References

Transporters

References