Albendazole

Identification

Summary

Albendazole is a benzimidazole anthelmintic used to treat parenchymal neurocysticercosis and other helminth infections.

Brand Names
Albenza
Generic Name
Albendazole
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00518
Background

A benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintic structurally related to mebendazole that is effective against many diseases. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p38)

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 265.331
Monoisotopic: 265.088497429
Chemical Formula
C12H15N3O2S
Synonyms
  • (5-(propylthio)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamic acid methyl ester
  • 5-(propylthio)-2-carbomethoxyaminobenzimidazole
  • Albendazol
  • Albendazole
  • Albendazolum
  • Eskazole
  • O-methyl N-(5-(propylthio)-2-benzimidazolyl)carbamate
  • Proftril
External IDs
  • NSC-220008
  • RS-8852
  • SK&F-62979
  • SKF 62979

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment of parenchymal neurocysticercosis due to active lesions caused by larval forms of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium and for the treatment of cystic hydatid disease of the liver, lung, and peritoneum, caused by the larval form of the dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus.

Reduce drug development failure rates
Build, train, & validate machine-learning models
with evidence-based and structured datasets.
See how
Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.
See how
Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofHydatid disease of the liver••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• ••••••
Treatment ofHydatid disease of the lung••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• ••••••
Treatment ofHydatid disease of the peritoneum••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• ••••••
Treatment ofNeurocysticercosis••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• ••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events Today
Tap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.
Learn more
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
Learn more
Pharmacodynamics

Albendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic. The principal mode of action for albendazole is by its inhibitory effect on tubulin polymerization which results in the loss of cytoplasmic microtubules.

Mechanism of action

Albendazole causes degenerative alterations in the tegument and intestinal cells of the worm by diminishing its energy production, ultimately leading to immobilization and death of the parasite. It works by binding to the colchicine-sensitive site of tubulin, thus inhibiting its polymerization or assembly into microtubules. As cytoplasmic microtubules are critical in promoting glucose uptake in larval and adult stages of the susceptible parasites, the glycogen stores of the parasites are depleted. Degenerative changes in the endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria of the germinal layer, and the subsequent release of lysosomes result in decreased production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy required for the survival of the helminth.

TargetActionsOrganism
ATubulin beta-2 chain
inhibitor
Pig roundworm
NTubulin alpha-1A chain
inhibitor
Humans
NTubulin beta-4B chain
inhibitor
Humans
UFumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit
inhibitor
Shewanella oneidensis (strain MR-1)
Absorption

Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract due to its low aqueous solubility. Oral bioavailability appears to be enhanced when coadministered with a fatty meal (estimated fat content 40 g)

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

70% bound to plasma protein

Metabolism

Hepatic. Rapidly converted in the liver to the primary metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide, which is further metabolized to albendazole sulfone and other primary oxidative metabolites that have been identified in human urine.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

Albendazole is rapidly converted in the liver to the primary metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide, which is further metabolized to albendazole sulfone and other primary oxidative metabolites that have been identified in human urine. Urinary excretion of albendazole sulfoxide is a minor elimination pathway with less than 1% of the dose recovered in the urine. Biliary elimination presumably accounts for a portion of the elimination as evidenced by biliary concentrations of albendazole sulfoxide similar to those achieved in plasma.

Half-life

Terminal elimination half-life ranges from 8 to 12 hours (single dose, 400mg).

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomes
With structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!
See the data
Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
See a data sample
Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include elevated liver enzymes, headaches, hair loss, low levels of white blood cells (neutropenia), fever, and itching.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Albendazole can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbataceptThe metabolism of Albendazole can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
AbemaciclibThe metabolism of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Albendazole.
AbirateroneThe serum concentration of Albendazole can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone.
AbrocitinibThe metabolism of Abrocitinib can be decreased when combined with Albendazole.
Food Interactions
  • Take with a high fat meal. A high fat meal increases solubility and absorption. Take with food when treating systemic infections.

Products

Drug product information from 10+ global regions
Our datasets provide approved product information including:
dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.
Access now
Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
Access now
International/Other Brands
Abentel (Aristopharma) / ABZ (Indoco) / Acure (Pharmix) / Adazol (Roemmers) / AL (Radicura) / Band (Vensat) / Bandy (Mankind) / Bazole (Neutro Pharma) / Ben-A (Acme) / Benrod (Invision) / Bentil (Alliance) / Benzol (Mercury Lab) / Benzole (Flamingo Pharmacueticals) / Bevindazol (Vincenti) / Biwom (Zydus) / Bruzol (Bruluart) / Buxol (Buffington's) / Cental (Brisafarma) / Champs (CCM) / Ciclopar (Weider) / Cidazole (Juggat) / Clearworm (Invision) / Dalben (Krka) / Despar (Icofarma) / Eskazole (GlaxoSmithKline) / Valbazen / Zolben (Sanofi-Aventis)
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AlbendazoleTablet, film coated200 mg/1OralAmneal Pharmaceuticals of New York Llc1996-06-11Not applicableUS flag
AlbendazoleTablet, film coated200 mg/1OralLineage Therapeutics Inc2018-09-242021-07-31US flag
AlbenzaTablet, film coated200 mg/1OralAmedra Pharmaceuticals LLC1996-06-112020-08-31US flag
AlbenzaTablet, film coated200 mg/1OralPreferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.2011-03-292013-06-10US flag
AlbenzaTablet, film coated200 mg/1OralMcKesson Corporation dba RX Pak1996-06-112019-09-01US flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AlbendazoleTablet, film coated200 mg/1OralZydus Pharmaceuticals USA Inc.2018-12-17Not applicableUS flag
AlbendazoleTablet200 mg/1OralCipla USA Inc.2018-09-24Not applicableUS flag
AlbendazoleTablet200 mg/1OralGolden State Medical Supply2019-05-14Not applicableUS flag
AlbendazoleTablet200 mg/1OralMsn Laboratories Private Limited2021-01-25Not applicableUS flag
AlbendazoleTablet200 mg/1OralPharma Packaging Solutions, LLC dba Tjoapack LLC2020-08-19Not applicableUS flag
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
A-zole Suspension (Strawberry) 200mg/5mlSuspension200 mg/5mlOralWINWA MEDICAL SDN. BHD.2020-09-08Not applicableMalaysia flag
Adazol suspensionSuspension200 mg/5mlOralPRIME PHARMACEUTICAL SDN. BHD.2020-09-08Not applicableMalaysia flag
Adazol tabletsTabletOralPRIME PHARMACEUTICAL SDN. BHD.2020-09-08Not applicableMalaysia flag
ALBENDOL-400 TABLET 400 mgTablet400 mgOralNAINA MOHAMED & SONS PRIVATE LIMITED1998-08-22Not applicableSingapore flag
ALZENTAL TABLET 400 mgTablet, film coated400 mgOralZYFAS PHARMA PTE LTD1994-09-11Not applicableSingapore flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
ZentelAlbendazole (400 mg/1)TabletOralOASIS TRADING2018-11-15Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
P02CA03 — Albendazole
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid esters. These are aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds that contain a carbamic acid ester group, which is N-linked to the C2-atom of a benzimidazole moiety.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Benzimidazoles
Sub Class
2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid esters
Direct Parent
2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid esters
Alternative Parents
Thiophenol ethers / Alkylarylthioethers / Imidazoles / Heteroaromatic compounds / Carbamate esters / Organic carbonic acids and derivatives / Sulfenyl compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds
show 3 more
Substituents
2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid ester / Alkylarylthioether / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl thioether / Azacycle / Azole / Benzenoid / Carbamic acid ester / Carbonic acid derivative / Carbonyl group
show 13 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
carbamate ester, benzimidazoles, benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide (CHEBI:16664) / a small molecule (ALBENDAZOLE)
Affected organisms
  • Helminthic Microorganisms

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
F4216019LN
CAS number
54965-21-8
InChI Key
HXHWSAZORRCQMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C12H15N3O2S/c1-3-6-18-8-4-5-9-10(7-8)14-11(13-9)15-12(16)17-2/h4-5,7H,3,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15,16)
IUPAC Name
methyl N-[6-(propylsulfanyl)-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-2-yl]carbamate
SMILES
CCCSC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C(NC(=O)OC)N2

References

Synthesis Reference

Gyurik, R.J. and Theodorides, VJ.; US. Patent 3,915,986; October 28,1975; assigned to Smith Kline Corp.

US3915986
General References
  1. Molina AJ, Merino G, Prieto JG, Real R, Mendoza G, Alvarez AI: Absorption and metabolism of albendazole after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2007 May;31(1):16-24. Epub 2007 Feb 6. [Article]
  2. Oxberry ME, Reynoldson JA, Thompson RC: The binding and distribution of albendazole and its principal metabolites in Giardia duodenalis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun;23(3):113-20. [Article]
  3. Ramirez T, Benitez-Bribiesca L, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Herrera LA: In vitro effects of albendazole and its metabolites on the cell proliferation kinetics and micronuclei frequency of stimulated human lymphocytes. Arch Med Res. 2001 Mar-Apr;32(2):119-22. [Article]
  4. Haque A, Hollister WS, Willcox A, Canning EU: The antimicrosporidial activity of albendazole. J Invertebr Pathol. 1993 Sep;62(2):171-7. [Article]
  5. FDA Approved Drugs Products: Albendazole Oral Tablets [Link]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014659
KEGG Drug
D00134
KEGG Compound
C01779
PubChem Compound
2082
PubChem Substance
46506472
ChemSpider
1998
BindingDB
50241293
RxNav
430
ChEBI
16664
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1483
ZINC
ZINC000017146904
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000951
PharmGKB
PA164746058
PDBe Ligand
ALW
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Albendazole
MSDS
Download (74.4 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedPreventionIntestinal Diseases, Parasitic1
4CompletedPreventionVillage Children1
4CompletedTreatmentAnemia / Worm Infections1
4CompletedTreatmentAscariasis / Trichuriasis1
4CompletedTreatmentChronic Periodontitis (Disorder)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Glaxosmithkline llc
Packagers
  • GlaxoSmithKline Inc.
  • Medisca Inc.
  • Southwood Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
SuspensionOral2000 mg
TabletOral200.7 g
TabletOral404 mg
SuspensionOral40 mg
SuspensionOral2 g
SuspensionOral2.1 g
SuspensionOral200000 g
SyrupOral2 g
SuspensionOral
TabletOral200 mg/1
Tablet, chewableOral
Tablet, film coatedOral
Tablet; tablet, chewableOral
Tablet, chewableOral400 MG
Tablet, chewableOral200 mg/1
Tablet, film coatedOral200 mg/1
SuspensionOral400 mg
Tablet, film coatedOral400 mg
Tablet, film coatedOral200 mg
SuspensionOral200 mg/10ml
SuspensionOral2.000 g
SuspensionOral4 mg
SuspensionOral400000 mg
Tablet, chewableOral200 MG
SuspensionOral200 mg
Tablet, coatedOral200 g
TabletOral200.000 mg
SuspensionOral20.000 mg
TabletOral
TabletOral400 mg
SuspensionOral2.66 g
TabletOral20000000 mg
SuspensionOral400000 g
SuspensionOral
TabletOral
SuspensionOral400.000 mg
SuspensionOral200 MG/5ML
TabletOral200.00 mg
SuspensionOral4 %
TabletOral200.000 mg
TabletOral400 mg/1
SuspensionOral400 mg/10ml
SuspensionOral4 g
TabletOral200.03 mg
SyrupOral200 mg/5mL
TabletOral200 mg
Tablet, coatedOral200 mg
Tablet, coatedOral400 mg
SuspensionOral100 mg/5ml
Capsule200 mg
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Albenza 200 mg tablet1.91USD tablet
Albendazole powder0.41USD g
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)208-210Gyurik, R.J. and Theodorides, VJ.; US. Patent 3,915,986; October 28,1975; assigned to Smith Kline Corp.
water solubilityPractically insolubleNot Available
logP2.7Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0228 mg/mLALOGPS
logP3.22ALOGPS
logP3.2Chemaxon
logS-4.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.51Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.27Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area67.01 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count5Chemaxon
Refractivity73.01 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability29.3 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings2Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9944
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9381
Caco-2 permeable-0.8957
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.6637
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.6928
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.6089
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8433
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7742
CYP450 2D6 substrateSubstrate0.8918
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.6147
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.9106
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.907
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9025
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8347
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.8037
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.7894
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9334
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable1.0
Rat acute toxicity2.0752 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9707
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.8549
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-00vl-3960000000-6405beb97aaf7baeef1e
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-0zg0-1469000000-46c2b274ef14c131df22
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-00dl-2920000000-8bfa1e52a364c2e1f3ac
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-01q9-0090000000-672ce5296af7aee8b705
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0390000000-5714d326ce05257dd82d
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0910000000-e659044fe535a4187c4c
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-a1c7141f3f860d69dca2
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-96ae063a35ee4fe53390
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-052r-2900000000-6103a7173b7b7689ee52
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9600000000-7a4cee3070ee6f08b2cb
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9200000000-109010056dd851a50ae4
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-9f06e0952a63ae1312b3
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-001r-0790000000-8ba2b09e2eefe111496f
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0290000000-db0e07ed437380dd7f56
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0910000000-80dd825626a5009e8924
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-052f-0900000000-ea3849a4ab993b24b4f0
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0090000000-fe82219d2c01efc3494d
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00lr-0090000000-6d1f652e7ecf943d7400
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0190000000-ab8f5993bbc5ebfcb04c
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000x-0950000000-0c5ca5956802aa312e11
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0900000000-02e757b669a99db25608
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-052f-0900000000-bef5aa7a328477b1c279
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a59-1900000000-e6bb8973c619c5c8931f
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0kx3-7900000000-1fd9a63d8e217dc205d8
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9300000000-d2ee5fa2f7585c731f11
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0090000000-d55bfd9a35890c748e63
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00lu-1590000000-c9fb90d6fb5c5eef928a
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-2920000000-16dde7ebb8b5e3dc144e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00lr-0190000000-e151fe2dd28c96284d59
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0f89-0190000000-7b80169f6ea60eb655c8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-066r-0090000000-2299453d9d51b776bdb4
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-053u-0290000000-fe7812230f38d8cef767
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0910000000-e8cebf031552a1e6a80b
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-052f-0930000000-26fe4fd06fa4486ae89c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00kf-1940000000-a61cc024359251a624b3
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-175.5507994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-174.9390994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-175.0023994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-161.4348
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+176.1008994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+167.5103836
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+175.4887994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+163.7928
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+175.2756994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+174.4642994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+174.9629994
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+169.88594
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.
Learn more
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
Learn more
Kind
Protein
Organism
Pig roundworm
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Structural constituent of cytoskeleton
Specific Function
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
F1L7U3
Uniprot Name
Tubulin beta-2 chain
Molecular Weight
51336.46 Da
References
  1. Solana HD, Sallovitz JM, Lanusse CE, Rodriguez JA: Enantioselective binding of albendazole sulphoxide to cytosolic proteins from helminth parasites. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Jan-Feb;24(1):7-13. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.
Specific Function
Gtp binding
Gene Name
TUBA1A
Uniprot ID
Q71U36
Uniprot Name
Tubulin alpha-1A chain
Molecular Weight
50135.25 Da
References
  1. Ramirez T, Benitez-Bribiesca L, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Herrera LA: In vitro effects of albendazole and its metabolites on the cell proliferation kinetics and micronuclei frequency of stimulated human lymphocytes. Arch Med Res. 2001 Mar-Apr;32(2):119-22. [Article]
  2. Chu SW, Badar S, Morris DL, Pourgholami MH: Potent inhibition of tubulin polymerisation and proliferation of paclitaxel-resistant 1A9PTX22 human ovarian cancer cells by albendazole. Anticancer Res. 2009 Oct;29(10):3791-6. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Unfolded protein binding
Specific Function
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.
Gene Name
TUBB4B
Uniprot ID
P68371
Uniprot Name
Tubulin beta-4B chain
Molecular Weight
49830.72 Da
References
  1. Solana HD, Sallovitz JM, Lanusse CE, Rodriguez JA: Enantioselective binding of albendazole sulphoxide to cytosolic proteins from helminth parasites. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Jan-Feb;24(1):7-13. [Article]
  2. Chu SW, Badar S, Morris DL, Pourgholami MH: Potent inhibition of tubulin polymerisation and proliferation of paclitaxel-resistant 1A9PTX22 human ovarian cancer cells by albendazole. Anticancer Res. 2009 Oct;29(10):3791-6. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Shewanella oneidensis (strain MR-1)
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Succinate dehydrogenase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes fumarate reduction using artificial electron donors such as methyl viologen. The physiological reductant is unknown, but evidence indicates that flavocytochrome c participates in electron...
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
P83223
Uniprot Name
Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit
Molecular Weight
62447.475 Da
References
  1. Barrowman MM, Marriner SE, Bogan JA: The fumarate reductase system as a site of anthelmintic attack in Ascaris suum. Biosci Rep. 1984 Oct;4(10):879-83. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A1
Uniprot ID
P04798
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A1
Molecular Weight
58164.815 Da
References
  1. Bapiro TE, Andersson TB, Otter C, Hasler JA, Masimirembwa CM: Cytochrome P450 1A1/2 induction by antiparasitic drugs: dose-dependent increase in ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and mRNA caused by quinine, primaquine and albendazole in HepG2 cells. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;58(8):537-42. Epub 2002 Oct 2. [Article]
  2. Asteinza J, Camacho-Carranza R, Reyes-Reyes RE, Dorado-Gonzalez V V, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ: Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes by albendazole treatment in the rat. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;9(1-2):31-37. [Article]
  3. FDA Approved Drugs Products: Albendazole Oral Tablets [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
Curator comments
Data supporting these enzyme actions are limited to in vitro studies.
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID
P05177
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight
58293.76 Da
References
  1. Asteinza J, Camacho-Carranza R, Reyes-Reyes RE, Dorado-Gonzalez V V, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ: Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes by albendazole treatment in the rat. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;9(1-2):31-37. [Article]
  2. Bapiro TE, Andersson TB, Otter C, Hasler JA, Masimirembwa CM: Cytochrome P450 1A1/2 induction by antiparasitic drugs: dose-dependent increase in ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and mRNA caused by quinine, primaquine and albendazole in HepG2 cells. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;58(8):537-42. Epub 2002 Oct 2. [Article]
  3. FDA Approved Drugs Products: Albendazole Oral Tablets [Link]
  4. Albendazole FDA label [File]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Li XQ, Bjorkman A, Andersson TB, Gustafsson LL, Masimirembwa CM: Identification of human cytochrome P(450)s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;59(5-6):429-42. Epub 2003 Aug 12. [Article]
  2. Rawden HC, Kokwaro GO, Ward SA, Edwards G: Relative contribution of cytochromes P-450 and flavin-containing monoxygenases to the metabolism of albendazole by human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;49(4):313-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00170.x. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
Gene Name
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID
P33261
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C19
Molecular Weight
55930.545 Da
References
  1. Lee E, Wu Z, Shon JC, Liu KH: Danazol Inhibits Cytochrome P450 2J2 Activity in a Substrate-independent Manner. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Aug;43(8):1250-3. doi: 10.1124/dmd.115.064345. Epub 2015 Jun 5. [Article]
  2. Wu Z, Lee D, Joo J, Shin JH, Kang W, Oh S, Lee do Y, Lee SJ, Yea SS, Lee HS, Lee T, Liu KH: CYP2J2 and CYP2C19 are the major enzymes responsible for metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 assay systems. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Nov;57(11):5448-56. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00843-13. Epub 2013 Aug 19. [Article]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
Specific Function
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
Gene Name
ABCB1
Uniprot ID
P08183
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance protein 1
Molecular Weight
141477.255 Da
References
  1. Merino G, Alvarez AI, Prieto JG, Kim RB: The anthelminthic agent albendazole does not interact with p-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):365-9. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 03, 2024 02:27