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IdentificationPharmacologyInteractionsReferencesTrialsEconomicsPropertiesSpectraTaxonomyPapaverine
Identification
- Name
- Papaverine
- Accession Number
- DB01113 (APRD00628, DB07725)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Description
An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels. [PubChem]
- Structure
Structure for DB01113 (Papaverine)
- Synonyms
- Mesotina
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Papaverine Codecarboxylate 3RX65N0VN7 56896-69-6 VTJFMXLVZKZSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Papaverine Hydrochloride 23473EC6BQ 61-25-6 UOTMYNBWXDUBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Papaverine sulfate 7A476JZB2T 2053-26-1 KYFCEOITJFJQGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection USP Liquid 65 mg Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Sandoz Canada Incorporated 1951-12-31 Not applicable Canada 
- Unapproved/Other Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, solution 30 mg/mL Intravenous American Regent 1995-09-01 2017-07-21 US 
Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, solution 30 mg/mL Intravenous American Regent 1995-09-01 Not applicable US - International/Other Brands
- Alapav / Albatran / Artegodan / Cardioverina / Cerebid / Cerespan / Delapav / Dilaves / Dispamil / Drapavel / Durapav / Dynovas / Mesotina / Myobid / Optenyl / Pameion / Pamelon / Panergon / Papacon / Papalease / Papaversan / Papital T.R. / Paptial T.R. / Pavabid / Pavacap / Pavacen / Pavadel / Pavagen / Pavakey / Pavased / Pavatest / Paverolan / Paveron / Pavnell / Qua Bid / Ro-Papav / Therapav / Vasal / Vaso-Pav
- Categories
- UNII
- DAA13NKG2Q
- CAS number
- 58-74-2
- Weight
- Average: 339.385
Monoisotopic: 339.147058165 - Chemical Formula
- C20H21NO4
- InChI Key
- XQYZDYMELSJDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C20H21NO4/c1-22-17-6-5-13(10-18(17)23-2)9-16-15-12-20(25-4)19(24-3)11-14(15)7-8-21-16/h5-8,10-12H,9H2,1-4H3
- IUPAC Name
- 1-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline
- SMILES
- COC1=C(OC)C=C(CC2=NC=CC3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C23)C=C1
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of impotence and vasospasms.
- Structured Indications
- Not Available
- Pharmacodynamics
Papaverine is a nonxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor for the relief of cerebral and peripheral ischemia associated with arterial spasm and myocardial ischemia complicated by arrhythmias. The main actions of Papaverine are exerted on cardiac and smooth muscle. Like qathidine, Papaverine acts directly on the heart muscle to depress conduction and prolong the refractory period. Papaverine relaxes various smooth muscles. This relaxation may be prominent if spasm exists. The muscle cell is not paralyzed by Papaverine and still responds to drugs and other stimuli causing contraction. The antispasmodic effect is a direct one, and unrelated to muscle innervation. Papaverine is practically devoid of effects on the central nervous system. Papaverine relaxes the smooth musculature of the larger blood vessels, especially coronary, systemic peripheral, and pulmonary arteries.
- Mechanism of action
Perhaps by its direct vasodilating action on cerebral blood vessels, Papaverine increases cerebral blood flow and decreases cerebral vascular resistance in normal subjects; oxygen consumption is unaltered. These effects may explain the benefit reported from the drug in cerebral vascular encephalopathy.
Target Actions Organism AcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitorHuman UcAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitorHuman - Absorption
- Not Available
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
~90%
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
- Not Available
- Half life
0.5-2 hours
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Toxicity
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction Drug group Acebutolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Acebutolol. Approved Aldesleukin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Papaverine. Approved Aliskiren The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Aliskiren. Approved, Investigational Amifostine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amifostine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Amiloride The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amiloride is combined with Papaverine. Approved Amiodarone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amiodarone is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Amlodipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amlodipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Amobarbital Amobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Illicit Amphotericin B The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amphotericin B is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Amyl Nitrite The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Amyl Nitrite. Approved Apomorphine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Apraclonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Apraclonidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Aripiprazole Aripiprazole may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Arotinolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Arotinolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Arsenic trioxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Arsenic trioxide is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Atenolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Atenolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Azilsartan medoxomil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Azilsartan medoxomil. Approved Barbexaclone Barbexaclone may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Experimental Barbital Barbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Illicit Barnidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Barnidipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Benazepril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benazepril is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Bendroflumethiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bendroflumethiazide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Bepridil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bepridil is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Withdrawn Betaxolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Betaxolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Bisoprolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bisoprolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Bortezomib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bortezomib is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Bretylium The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Bretylium. Approved Brimonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Brimonidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Bromocriptine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bromocriptine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Bumetanide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bumetanide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Bupivacaine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bupivacaine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Canagliflozin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Canagliflozin. Approved Candesartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Candesartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved Captopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Captopril. Approved Carbetocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carbetocin is combined with Papaverine. Approved Carteolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carteolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Carvedilol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Carvedilol. Approved, Investigational Chlorothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorothiazide is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Chlorpromazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorpromazine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Chlorthalidone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorthalidone is combined with Papaverine. Approved Cilazapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Cilazapril. Approved Cilnidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cilnidipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Clevidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Clevidipine. Approved Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clofarabine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Clomipramine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clomipramine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Clonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clonidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Clozapine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clozapine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Conivaptan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Conivaptan is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Dapagliflozin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Dapagliflozin. Approved Desflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Desflurane is combined with Papaverine. Approved Dexmedetomidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexmedetomidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Diclofenamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Diclofenamide. Approved Diltiazem The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Diltiazem is combined with Papaverine. Approved Dinutuximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Dinutuximab. Approved Dipyridamole The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dipyridamole is combined with Papaverine. Approved Doxazosin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Doxazosin is combined with Papaverine. Approved Duloxetine Papaverine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Duloxetine. Approved Efonidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efonidipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Empagliflozin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Empagliflozin. Approved Enalapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Enalapril is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Enalaprilat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Enalaprilat is combined with Papaverine. Approved Eplerenone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Eplerenone is combined with Papaverine. Approved Epoprostenol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epoprostenol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Eprosartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Eprosartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved Esmolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Esmolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Etacrynic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Etacrynic acid is combined with Papaverine. Approved Felodipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Felodipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Fenoldopam The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fenoldopam is combined with Papaverine. Approved Fimasartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fimasartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved Fosinopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fosinopril is combined with Papaverine. Approved Furosemide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Furosemide is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Guanfacine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Guanfacine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Halothane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Halothane is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Hexobarbital Hexobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved Hydralazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Hydralazine. Approved Hydrochlorothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydrochlorothiazide is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Hydroflumethiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroflumethiazide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Iloprost The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Iloprost is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Imidapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Imidapril is combined with Papaverine. Investigational Imipramine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Imipramine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Indapamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Indapamide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Indoramin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Indoramin is combined with Papaverine. Withdrawn Irbesartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Irbesartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Isocarboxazid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isocarboxazid is combined with Papaverine. Approved Isoflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoflurane is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Isosorbide Dinitrate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isosorbide Dinitrate is combined with Papaverine. Approved Isosorbide Mononitrate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isosorbide Mononitrate is combined with Papaverine. Approved Isoxsuprine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Isoxsuprine. Approved, Withdrawn Isradipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isradipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Labetalol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Labetalol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Lacidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lacidipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Lercanidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lercanidipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Levobunolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Levobunolol. Approved Levobupivacaine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levobupivacaine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Levodopa Papaverine may increase the hypotensive activities of Levodopa. Approved Levosimendan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levosimendan is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Lisinopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lisinopril is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Lofexidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lofexidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Losartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Losartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved Mannitol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mannitol is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Mecamylamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mecamylamine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Methazolamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methazolamide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Methohexital Methohexital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved Methyclothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methyclothiazide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Methyldopa The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methyldopa is combined with Papaverine. Approved Methylphenobarbital Methylphenobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved Metipranolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Metipranolol. Approved Metolazone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metolazone is combined with Papaverine. Approved Metoprolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metoprolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Minoxidil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Minoxidil is combined with Papaverine. Approved Moexipril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Moexipril is combined with Papaverine. Approved Morphine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Morphine is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Moxonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Moxonidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nabilone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nabilone is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Nadolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Nadolol. Approved Nebivolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Nebivolol. Approved, Investigational Nesiritide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Nesiritide. Approved, Investigational Nicardipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nicardipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nicorandil Nicorandil may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved Nifedipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Nifedipine. Approved Nilvadipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nilvadipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nimodipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nimodipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nisoldipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nisoldipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nitrendipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitrendipine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nitric Oxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitric Oxide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Nitroglycerin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitroglycerin is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Nitroprusside The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitroprusside is combined with Papaverine. Approved Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Obinutuzumab is combined with Papaverine. Approved Olmesartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Olmesartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Oxprenolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxprenolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Paclitaxel The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Paclitaxel is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Penbutolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Penbutolol. Approved, Investigational Pentobarbital Pentobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Perindopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Perindopril is combined with Papaverine. Approved Phenelzine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenelzine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Phenobarbital Phenobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved Phenoxybenzamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenoxybenzamine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Phentolamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phentolamine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Pindolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pindolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Pipamperone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pipamperone is combined with Papaverine. Approved Pramipexole The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pramipexole is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Prazosin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Prazosin is combined with Papaverine. Approved Primidone Primidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Propofol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Propofol is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Propranolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Propranolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Quetiapine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Quetiapine. Approved Quinapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Quinapril is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Ramipril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ramipril is combined with Papaverine. Approved Rasagiline The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rasagiline is combined with Papaverine. Approved Remifentanil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Remifentanil is combined with Papaverine. Approved Reserpine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Reserpine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Riociguat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Riociguat. Approved Risperidone Papaverine may increase the hypotensive activities of Risperidone. Approved, Investigational Ropinirole The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ropinirole is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Ropivacaine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ropivacaine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Rotigotine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rotigotine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Sacubitril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sacubitril is combined with Papaverine. Approved Secobarbital Secobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Selegiline The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Selegiline is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Sevoflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sevoflurane is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Sodium Nitrite The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sodium Nitrite is combined with Papaverine. Approved Sotalol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sotalol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Spironolactone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spironolactone is combined with Papaverine. Approved Streptokinase The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptokinase is combined with Papaverine. Approved Sufentanil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Tamsulosin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tamsulosin is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Telmisartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Telmisartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Terazosin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Papaverine is combined with Terazosin. Approved Thalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Thalidomide is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Thiamylal Thiamylal may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Thiopental Thiopental may increase the hypotensive activities of Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Thioridazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Thioridazine is combined with Papaverine. Withdrawn Timolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Timolol is combined with Papaverine. Approved Tizanidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tizanidine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Tolazoline The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tolazoline is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Vet Approved Tolcapone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tolcapone is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Withdrawn Torasemide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Torasemide is combined with Papaverine. Approved Trandolapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trandolapril is combined with Papaverine. Approved Tranylcypromine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tranylcypromine is combined with Papaverine. Approved Tretinoin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tretinoin is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Triamterene The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamterene is combined with Papaverine. Approved Valsartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valsartan is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Verapamil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Papaverine. Approved - Food Interactions
- Not Available
References
- Synthesis Reference
- Not Available
- General References
- Tang Y, Luan J, Zhang X: Accelerating tissue expansion by application of topical papaverine cream. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Oct;114(5):1166-9. [PubMed:15457029 ]
- Liu JK, Couldwell WT: Intra-arterial papaverine infusions for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm induced by aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2005;2(2):124-32. [PubMed:16159054 ]
- Takeuchi K, Sakamoto S, Nagayoshi Y, Nishizawa H, Matsubara J: Reactivity of the human internal thoracic artery to vasodilators in coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004 Nov;26(5):956-9. [PubMed:15519189 ]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB15245
- KEGG Drug
- D07425
- KEGG Compound
- C06533
- PubChem Compound
- 4680
- PubChem Substance
- 46508003
- ChemSpider
- 4518
- BindingDB
- 14754
- ChEBI
- 28241
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL19224
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000959
- PharmGKB
- PA164745550
- HET
- EV1
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Papaverine
- ATC Codes
- G04BE52 — Papaverine, combinations
- G04BE — Drugs used in erectile dysfunction
- G04B — UROLOGICALS
- G04 — UROLOGICALS
- G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES
- G04BE — Drugs used in erectile dysfunction
- G04B — UROLOGICALS
- G04 — UROLOGICALS
- G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES
- AHFS Codes
- 24:12.92
- PDB Entries
- Not Available
- FDA label
- Not Available
- MSDS
- Download (74.4 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 0 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Prostatic Hyperplasia 1 0 Terminated Health Services Research Cognitive Deficits / Schizophrenic Disorders 1 2 Completed Supportive Care Prostate Cancer 1 3 Terminated Treatment Gastroenteritis 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Allergy Laboratories Inc.
- Amend
- American Regent
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
- C.O. Truxton Inc.
- Claris Lifesciences Inc.
- Dispensing Solutions
- Ebewe Pharma
- Eon Labs
- Hope Pharmaceuticals
- Kaiser Foundation Hospital
- Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Meridian Medical Technologies Inc.
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Qualitest
- Taylor Pharmaceuticals
- Time-Cap Labs
- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Injection, solution Intravenous 30 mg/mL Liquid Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 65 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Papaverine 150 mg capsule sa 1.86USD capsule Papaverine 60 mg/2 ml vial 1.68USD ml Papaverine hcl powder 0.76USD g Para-time 150 mg capsule sa 0.23USD capsule DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 226 (dec) °C PhysProp logP 3 Not Available - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0129 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 4.19 ALOGPS logP 3.08 ChemAxon logS -4.4 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) 6.03 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 49.81 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 6 ChemAxon Refractivity 95.52 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 36.57 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 3 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule Yes ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9911 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9633 Caco-2 permeable + 0.8866 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.5389 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.6485 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.8005 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.7229 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.796 CYP450 2D6 substrate Substrate 0.8918 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6263 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.9107 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.8448 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.778 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.7959 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8558 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.689 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9503 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9262 Rat acute toxicity 2.9877 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9329 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.7274
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzylisoquinolines. These are organic compounds containing an isoquinoline to which a benzyl group is attached.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Isoquinolines and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Benzylisoquinolines
- Direct Parent
- Benzylisoquinolines
- Alternative Parents
- Dimethoxybenzenes / Phenoxy compounds / Anisoles / Alkyl aryl ethers / Pyridines and derivatives / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Benzylisoquinoline / O-dimethoxybenzene / Dimethoxybenzene / Phenoxy compound / Anisole / Phenol ether / Methoxybenzene / Alkyl aryl ether / Monocyclic benzene moiety / Pyridine
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, dimethoxybenzene, isoquinolines (CHEBI:28241 ) / Isoquinoline alkaloids (C06533 )
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in mediating central nervous system effects of therapeutic agents ranging f...
- Gene Name
- PDE4B
- Uniprot ID
- Q07343
- Uniprot Name
- cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
- Molecular Weight
- 83342.695 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
- Xin ZC, Kim EK, Lin CS, Liu WJ, Tian L, Yuan YM, Fu J: Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities. Asian J Androl. 2003 Mar;5(1):15-8. [PubMed:12646997 ]
- Zhu S, Gan Z, Li Z, Liu Y, Yang X, Deng P, Xie Y, Yu M, Liao H, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Liao F: The measurement of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4 activities via the quantification of inorganic phosphate with malachite green. Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Mar 16;636(1):105-10. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.01.035. Epub 2009 Jan 22. [PubMed:19231363 ]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. Can hydrolyze both cAMP and cGMP, but has higher affinity for cAMP and is more efficient wit...
- Gene Name
- PDE10A
- Uniprot ID
- Q9Y233
- Uniprot Name
- cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A
- Molecular Weight
- 88411.71 Da
References
- Weber M, Breier M, Ko D, Thangaraj N, Marzan DE, Swerdlow NR: Evaluating the antipsychotic profile of the preferential PDE10A inhibitor, papaverine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009 May;203(4):723-35. doi: 10.1007/s00213-008-1419-x. Epub 2008 Dec 9. [PubMed:19066855 ]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on October 02, 2017 04:53