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Identification
Name Iron Dextran
Accession Number DB00893 (APRD01053)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

Iron dextran is a dark brown, slightly viscous liquid complex of ferric hydroxide and dextran for intravenous or intramuscular use. Iron Dextran is used for the treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency in which oral administration is unsatisfactory or impossible.
Structure Thumb
Synonyms
Dexferrum
Dextran iron
Salts Not Available
Brand names
Name Company
Imferon
Infed
Proferdex
Brand mixtures
Brand Name Ingredients
Omni 2000tab Beta-Carotene + Biotin + Calcium (Bone Meal) + Choline + Chromium (Yeast) + D-Pantothenic Acid + Folic Acid + Inositol + Iodine (Kelp) + Iron (Iron Dextran Complex) + Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide) + Manganese (Manganese Gluconate) + Molybdenum (Yeast) + Nicotinamide + Potassium (Potassium Gluconate) + Selenium (Yeast) + Vitamin a (Fish Liver Oil) + Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B2 + Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) + Vitamin C (Calcium Ascorbate) + Vitamin C (Vitamin C) + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate) + Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)
Categories
  • Anti-anemic Agents
  • Iron Supplement
CAS number 9004-66-4
Weight Not Available
Chemical Formula Not Available
InChI Key Not Available
InChI Not Available
IUPAC Name Not Available
SMILES Not Available
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Not Available
Classes Not Available
Substructures Not Available
Pharmacology
Indication For treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency in whom oral administration is unsatisfactory or impossible. Also used to replenish body iron stores in Non-Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (NDD-CKD) patients receiving or not receiving erythropoietin and in Hemodialysis Dependent (HDD-CKD) and Peritoneal Dialysis Dependent (PDD-CKD) - Chronic Kidney Disease patients receiving an erythropoietin.
Pharmacodynamics Iron dextran is a dark brown, slightly viscous sterile liquid complex of ferric hydroxide and dextran for intravenous or intramuscular use. It is for treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency in whom oral administration is unsatisfactory or impossible. Iron is essential to the formation of hemoglobin and to the function and formation of other heme and nonheme compounds. Untreated depletion of iron stores leads to iron-deficient erythropoiesis and, in turn, to iron deficiency anemia.
Mechanism of action After iron dextran is injected, the circulating iron dextran is removed from the plasma by cells of the reticuloendothelial system, which split the complex into its components of iron and dextran. The iron is immediately bound to the available protein moieties to form hemosiderin or ferritin, the physiological forms of iron, or to a lesser extent to transferrin. This iron which is subject to physiological control replenishes hemoglobin and depleted iron stores.
Absorption The major portion of intramuscular injections of iron dextran is absorbed within 72 hours; most of the remaining iron is absorbed over the ensuing 3 to 4 weeks.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding 100% (after release from dextran)
Metabolism
Dextran, a polyglucose, is either metabolized or excreted.
Route of elimination Dextran, a polyglucose, is either metabolized or excreted.
Half life 5 hours (some indications that it can be as long as 10 hours)
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity LD50 = 500 mg/kg (mouse, IV). Dosages of iron dextran in excess of the requirements for restoration of hemoglobin and replenishment of iron stores may lead to hemosiderosis. Cases of severe, sometimes fatal, allergic reactions (loss of consciousness, collapse, difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, or convulsions) and severe low blood pressure (hypotension) have been reported with the use of iron dextran.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Luitpold pharmaceuticals inc
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Sanofi aventis us llc
  • New river pharmaceuticals inc
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Injection, solution Intramuscular
Injection, solution Intravenous
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Iron dextran comp 100 mg/2 ml 38.08 USD ml
Dexferrum 100 mg/2 ml vial 21.6 USD ml
Dexferrum 50 mg/ml vial 21.6 USD ml
Dexiron 50 mg/ml 15.66 USD ml
Infufer 50 mg/ml 15.53 USD ml
Infed 100 mg/2 ml vial 14.44 USD ml
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Country Patent Number Approved Expires (estimated)
United States 5624668 1995-09-29 2015-09-29
Properties
State solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility Soluble Not Available
Predicted Properties Not Available
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference Not Available
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Drug D02141 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP001312 Link_out
PharmGKB PA164764618 Link_out
Drug Product Database 611891 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/fedex.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/iron-dextran.html Link_out
ATC Codes Not Available
AHFS Codes Not Available
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label Not Available
MSDS show (45.1 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Alendronate Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Ciprofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Clodronate Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Deferiprone Deferiprone may decrease gastrointestinal absorption by chelating to other ions. Interaction is significant so monitor closely.
Demeclocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Doxycycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Eltrombopag Levels of eltrombopag are decreased due to GI inhibition. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Enoxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Etidronic acid Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Gatifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Gemifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Grepafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Ibandronate Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Levodopa Iron decreases the absorption of dopa derivatives
Levofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Levothyroxine Iron decreases the absorption of levothyroxine
Lomefloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Methacycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Methyldopa Iron decreases the absorption of dopa derivatives
Minocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Moxifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Mycophenolate mofetil Oral iron decreases the absorption of mycophenolate-mofetil
Norfloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Ofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Oxytetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Pefloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Penicillamine The multivalent agent decreases the effect of penicillamine
Risedronate Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Temafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Tetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Trovafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Food Interactions Not Available
Targets

1. Hemoglobin subunit beta

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: activator

Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P68871 Link_out
Gene: HBB Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Zaric J, Lazic D, Markovic S, Glisin V, Ivanovic Z, Milenkovic P, Popovic Z: Alpha- and beta-globins of the anemic Belgrade laboratory rat. II. The effect of hemin and iron-dextran treatment. Hemoglobin. 1998 May;22(3):231-44. Pubmed
  2. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed

2. Hemoglobin subunit alpha

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: activator

Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P69905 Link_out
Gene: HBA1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
  3. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed

3. Ferritin heavy chain

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: other

Stores iron in a soluble, nontoxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Has ferroxidase activity. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02794 Link_out
Gene: FTH1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

4. Ferritin light chain

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: other

Stores iron in a soluble, nontoxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02792 Link_out
Gene: FTL Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Carriers

1. Serotransferrin

Actions: substrate

Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate. It is responsible for the transport of iron from sites of absorption and heme degradation to those of storage and utilization. Serum transferrin may also have a further role in stimulating cell proliferation

UniProt ID: P02787 Link_out
Gene: TF Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Macdougall IC: Strategies for iron supplementation: oral versus intravenous. Kidney Int Suppl. 1999 Mar;69:S61-6. Pubmed
  2. Salahudeen AK, Oliver B, Bower JD, Roberts LJ 2nd: Increase in plasma esterified F2-isoprostanes following intravenous iron infusion in patients on hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 2001 Oct;60(4):1525-31. Pubmed
  3. Pai AB, Boyd AV, McQuade CR, Harford A, Norenberg JP, Zager PG: Comparison of oxidative stress markers after intravenous administration of iron dextran, sodium ferric gluconate, and iron sucrose in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Mar;27(3):343-50. Pubmed
  4. Jacobs JC, Alexander NM: Colorimetry and constant-potential coulometry determinations of transferrin-bound iron, total iron-binding capacity, and total iron in serum containing iron-dextran, with use of sodium dithionite and alumina columns. Clin Chem. 1990 Oct;36(10):1803-7. Pubmed
  5. Speyer BE, Doney VJ, Fielding J: Transfer of iron from Ferastral and other organic complexes to transferrin as measured by reticulocyte uptake. Scand J Haematol Suppl. 1977;32:215-21. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 14, 2012 11:44