Identification
- Name
- Sufentanil
- Accession Number
- DB00708 (APRD00671, DB05563)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Description
Sufentanil is an opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent. It is administered by the intravenous, epidural and sublingual routes.
Also known as Dsuvia, the sublingual form is used for the management of acute pain in adults that is severe to warrant the use of an opioid analgesic in certified medically supervised healthcare settings, including hospitals, surgical centers, and emergency departments [10]. Consideration may be made in the future for the use of the sublingual form in the US military in cases where analgesia is required immediately [11].
The sublingual form, manufactured by AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (AcelRx), was approved on November 2, 2018 [10]. This route of administration is intended to be a simple, effective, non-invasive analgesic option to enable healthcare professionals to rapidly manage acute pain without difficult intravenous or epidural administration [10], [4].
- Structure
Structure for Sufentanil (DB00708)
- Synonyms
- N-(4-(Methoxymethyl)-1-(2-(2-thienyl)ethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylpropanamide
- N-(4-(Methoxymethyl)-1-(2-(2-thienyl)ethyl)-4-piperidyl)propionanilide
- Sufentanil
- Sufentanilo
- Sufentanilum
- Sufentanyl
- External IDs
- IDS-NS-001 / R 30,730 / R 30730 / R 33800 / R-30730
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Sufentanil citrate S9ZFX8403R 60561-17-3 OJCZPLDERGDQRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Dsuvia Tablet 30 ug/1 Sublingual AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc 2018-11-02 Not applicable US 
Sufenta Solution 50 ug/1mL Intravenous Taylor Pharmaceuticals 2008-07-02 Not applicable US Sufenta Inj 50mcg/ml Liquid 50 mcg Intravenous Janssen Pharmaceutica, Division Of Janssen Ortho Inc. 1985-12-31 1996-09-10 Canada 
Sufenta Inj 50mcg/ml Liquid 50 mcg Epidural; Intravenous Janssen Pharmaceuticals 1985-12-31 2007-11-26 Canada Sufentanil Citrate Injection, solution 50 ug/1mL Epidural; Intravenous Hospira, Inc. 2006-10-06 2006-10-06 US Sufentanil Citrate Injection 50 ug/1mL Epidural; Intravenous Akorn 2010-12-01 Not applicable US Sufentanil Citrate Injection USP Solution 50 mcg Epidural; Intravenous Sandoz Canada Incorporated 2001-08-01 Not applicable Canada Sufentanil Citrate Injection, USP Solution 50 mcg Epidural; Intravenous Sterimax Inc 2016-10-18 Not applicable Canada Zalviso Tablet 15 μg Sublingual Grunenthal Gmb H 2015-09-18 Not applicable EU 
Zalviso Tablet 15 μg Sublingual Grunenthal Gmb H 2015-09-18 Not applicable EU - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Sufentanil Citrate Injection 0.05 mg/1mL Epidural; Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 2002-12-02 2014-03-31 US Sufentanil Citrate Injection 0.05 mg/1mL Epidural; Intravenous West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Corp. 1995-12-15 Not applicable US Sufentanil Citrate Injection 0.05 mg/1mL Epidural; Intravenous West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Corp. 1995-12-15 Not applicable US Sufentanil Citrate Injection, solution 50 ug/1mL Epidural; Intravenous Hospira, Inc. 2005-07-26 Not applicable US Sufentanil Citrate Injection 0.05 mg/1mL Epidural; Intravenous West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Corp. 1995-12-15 Not applicable US - International/Other Brands
- Chronogesic (DURECT) / Disufen (Angenerico) / Fastfen (Cristália) / Sufenta (Janssen) / Sufenta Forte (Janssen) / Sufenta mite (Janssen) / Sufentil (Claris Lifesciences Ltd.) / Zuftil (Pisa)
- Categories
- Adjuvants, Anesthesia
- Agents that produce hypertension
- Analgesics
- Anesthetics
- Anesthetics, General
- Anesthetics, Intravenous
- Bradycardia-Causing Agents
- Central Nervous System Agents
- Central Nervous System Depressants
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Fentanyl
- Hypotensive Agents
- Narcotics
- Nervous System
- Opiate Agonists
- Opioid Agonist
- Opioid Anesthetics
- Opioids
- Opioids, Anilidopiperidine
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Piperidines
- Sensory System Agents
- Serotonergic Drugs Shown to Increase Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
- UNII
- AFE2YW0IIZ
- CAS number
- 56030-54-7
- Weight
- Average: 386.551
Monoisotopic: 386.202798904 - Chemical Formula
- C22H30N2O2S
- InChI Key
- GGCSSNBKKAUURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C22H30N2O2S/c1-3-21(25)24(19-8-5-4-6-9-19)22(18-26-2)12-15-23(16-13-22)14-11-20-10-7-17-27-20/h4-10,17H,3,11-16,18H2,1-2H3
- IUPAC Name
- N-[4-(methoxymethyl)-1-[2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl]piperidin-4-yl]-N-phenylpropanamide
- SMILES
- CCC(=O)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1(COC)CCN(CCC2=CC=CS2)CC1
Pharmacology
- Indication
The indications for this drug are as follows:
As an analgesic adjunct in the maintenance of balanced general anesthesia in patients who are intubated and ventilated.
As a primary anesthetic agent for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia with 100% oxygen in patients undergoing major surgical procedures, in patients who are intubated and ventilated, such as cardiovascular surgery or neurosurgical procedures in the sitting position, to provide favorable myocardial and cerebral oxygen balance or when extended postoperative ventilation is anticipated.
For epidural administration as an analgesic combined with low dose (usually 12.5 mg per administration) bupivacaine usually during labor and vaginal delivery
The sublingual form is indicated for the management of acute pain in adults that is severe to warrant the use of an opioid analgesic in certified medically supervised healthcare settings, including hospitals, surgical centers, and emergency departments.
[Label]
- Associated Conditions
- Associated Therapies
- Pharmacodynamics
Effect on the Central Nervous System (CNS)
In clinical settings, sufentanil exerts its principal pharmacologic effects on the central nervous system. Its primary therapeutic actions are analgesia and sedation. Sufentanil may increase pain tolerance and decrease the perception of pain. This drug depresses the respiratory centers, depresses the cough reflex, and constricts the pupils [12], [9]. When used in balanced general anesthesia, sufentanil has been reported to be as much as 10 times as potent as fentanyl. When administered intravenously as a primary anesthetic agent with 100% oxygen, sufentanil is approximately 5 to 7 times as potent as fentanyl [Label]. High doses of intravenous sufentanil have been shown to cause muscle rigidity, likely as a result of an effect on the substantia nigra and the striate nucleus in the brain. Sleep-inducing (hypnotic) activity can be demonstrated by EEG alterations [Label].
Effects on the Respiratory System
Sufentanil may cause respiratory depression [Label].
Effects on the Cardiovascular System
Sufentanil causes peripheral vasodilation which may result in orthostatic hypotension or syncope. Bradycardia may also occur [12]. Clinical signs or symptoms of histamine release and/or peripheral vasodilation may include pruritus, flushing, red eyes and sweating and/or orthostatic hypotension [Label].
Effects on the Gastrointestinal Tract
Sufentanil causes a reduction in motility associated with an increase in smooth muscle tone in both the antrum of the stomach and duodenum. Digestion of food in the small intestine may be delayed and propulsive contractions are decreased. Propulsive peristaltic waves in the colon are decreased, while tone may be increased and lead to spasm, resulting in constipation. Other opioid-induced effects may include a reduction in biliary and pancreatic secretions, spasm of the sphincter of Oddi, as well as temporary elevations in serum amylase [Label].
- Mechanism of action
Sufentanil is a synthetic, potent opioid with highly selective binding to μ-opioid receptors [12]. These receptors are widely distributed in the human brain, spinal cord, and other tissues [8], [9].
In general, opioids decrease cAMP (affecting neural signaling pathways), decrease neurotransmitter release, and cause membrane hyperpolarization, all of which contribute to the relief of painful symptoms [9].
Opiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic neural transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate receptor leads to the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP, located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. The release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine, and noradrenaline is then inhibited [9].
Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist), also preventing neurotransmitter release [9].
Sufentanil and other opioids open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels, resulting in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability [8], [9].
Target Actions Organism AMu-type opioid receptor agonistHuman UDelta-type opioid receptor agonistHuman UKappa-type opioid receptor Not Available Human - Absorption
Bioavailability of a single sublingual tablet was 52%, decreasing to 35% with repeat dosing [5].
After epidural administration of incremental doses totaling 5 to 40 mcg sufentanil during labor and delivery, maternal and neonatal sufentanil plasma concentrations were at or near the 0.05 to 0.1 ng/mL limit of detection, and were slightly higher in mothers than in their infants [Label].
- Volume of distribution
Sufentanil has a distribution time of 1.4 minutes and redistribution time of 17.1 minutes [Label]. The central volume of distribution after intravenous application of sufentanil is approximately 14 L and the volume of distribution at steady state is approximately 350 L [12].
- Protein binding
Plasma protein binding of sufentanil, related to the alpha acid glycoprotein concentration, was approximately 93% in healthy males, 91% in mothers and 79% in neonates [Label].
- Metabolism
The liver and small intestine are the major sites of biotransformation [Label]. Sufentanil is rapidly metabolized to a number of inactive metabolites, with oxidative N- and O-dealkylation being the major routes of elimination [12].
- Route of elimination
Approximately 80% of the administered dose is excreted within 24 hours and only 2% of the dose is eliminated as unchanged drug [Label].
- Half life
The elimination half-life is 164 minutes in adults when administered intravenously (IV). The elimination half-life of sufentanil is shorter (e.g. 97 +/- 42 minutes) in infants and children, and longer in neonates (e.g. 434 +/- 160 minutes) compared to that of adolescents and adults [Label].
After a single administration of a 15 microgram sufentanil sublingual tablet, mean terminal phase half-lives in the range of 6-10 hours have been observed. After multiple administrations, a longer average terminal half-life of up to 18 hours was measured, owing to the higher plasma concentrations of sufentanil achieved after repeated dosing and due to the possibility to quantify these concentrations over a longer time period [12].
- Clearance
The total plasma clearance after single intravenous administration is about 917 l/min [12].
The clearance of sufentanil in healthy neonates is approximately one-half that in adults and children. The clearance rate of sufentanil can be further reduced by up to a third in neonates with cardiovascular disease [Label].
- Toxicity
LD50: 18.7 mg/kg (IV in mice) [MSDS]
A Note on Respiratory Depression
Major, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression has been reported with the use of opioids, even in cases where it is used as recommended. Respiratory depression may lead to respiratory arrest and death if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. This drug should be administered only by persons specifically trained in the use of anesthetic drugs and the management of the respiratory effects of potent opioids, including respiration and cardiac resuscitation of patients in the age group being treated. This training must include the establishment and maintenance of a patent airway and assisted ventilation [Label].
Carcinogenesis Long-term studies in animals to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of sufentanil have not been conducted [Label].
Mutagenesis Sufentanil was not found to be genotoxic in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames assay) or in the in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleous assay [Label].
Reproductive Toxicity
Sufentanil caused embryolethality in rats and rabbits treated for 10-30 days during pregnancy with 2.5 times the maximum human dose by intravenous administration. The embryolethal effect was thought to be secondary to the toxicity for the mother animal model. No negative effects were noted in another study in rats that were treated with 20 times the maximum human dose in the period of organogenesis. The preclinical effects were only seen following administrations of levels significantly above the maximum human dose, which is therefore of minimal relevance for clinical use [12].
Pregnancy
May cause fetal harm [Label]
The Use in Lactation
Infants exposed to this drug through breast milk should be monitored for excess sedation and respiratory depression [Label].
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
Pathway Category Sufentanil Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction (R)-warfarin The metabolism of (R)-warfarin can be decreased when combined with Sufentanil. (S)-Warfarin The metabolism of (S)-Warfarin can be decreased when combined with Sufentanil. 1-(3-Mercapto-2-Methyl-Propionyl)-Pyrrolidine-2-Carboxylic Acid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with 1-(3-Mercapto-2-Methyl-Propionyl)-Pyrrolidine-2-Carboxylic Acid. 1-benzylimidazole The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with 1-benzylimidazole. 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine The risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine. 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine The risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine. 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine The risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine. 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid The metabolism of 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid can be decreased when combined with Sufentanil. 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine The risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine. 4-hydroxycoumarin The metabolism of 4-hydroxycoumarin can be decreased when combined with Sufentanil. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
References
- Synthesis Reference
Jacob Mathew, J. Killgore, "New methods for the synthesis of alfentanil, sufentanil, and remifentanil." U.S. Patent US20060149071, issued July 06, 2006.
US20060149071- General References
- Authors unspecified: Drug and Device News. P T. 2017 Dec;42(12):726-763. [PubMed:29234209]
- Miner JR, Rafique Z, Minkowitz HS, DiDonato KP, Palmer PP: Sufentanil sublingual tablet 30mcg for moderate-to-severe acute pain in the ED. Am J Emerg Med. 2018 Jun;36(6):954-961. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.10.058. Epub 2017 Oct 31. [PubMed:29122372]
- Willsie SK, Evashenk MA, Hamel LG, Hwang SS, Chiang YK, Palmer PP: Pharmacokinetic properties of single- and repeated-dose sufentanil sublingual tablets in healthy volunteers. Clin Ther. 2015 Jan 1;37(1):145-55. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.11.001. Epub 2014 Dec 24. [PubMed:25544247]
- Ringold FG, Minkowitz HS, Gan TJ, Aqua KA, Chiang YK, Evashenk MA, Palmer PP: Sufentanil sublingual tablet system for the management of postoperative pain following open abdominal surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2015 Jan-Feb;40(1):22-30. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000152. [PubMed:25318408]
- Fisher DM, Chang P, Wada DR, Dahan A, Palmer PP: Pharmacokinetic Properties of a Sufentanil Sublingual Tablet Intended to Treat Acute Pain. Anesthesiology. 2018 May;128(5):943-952. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002145. [PubMed:29498947]
- Vardanyan RS, Hruby VJ: Fentanyl-related compounds and derivatives: current status and future prospects for pharmaceutical applications. Future Med Chem. 2014 Mar;6(4):385-412. doi: 10.4155/fmc.13.215. [PubMed:24635521]
- Pergolizzi JV Jr, LeQuang JA, Berger GK, Raffa RB: The Basic Pharmacology of Opioids Informs the Opioid Discourse about Misuse and Abuse: A Review. Pain Ther. 2017 Jun;6(1):1-16. doi: 10.1007/s40122-017-0068-3. Epub 2017 Mar 24. [PubMed:28341939]
- Sobczak M, Salaga M, Storr MA, Fichna J: Physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of opioid receptors and their ligands in the gastrointestinal tract: current concepts and future perspectives. J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jan;49(1):24-45. doi: 10.1007/s00535-013-0753-x. Epub 2013 Feb 9. [PubMed:23397116]
- Pathan H, Williams J: Basic opioid pharmacology: an update. Br J Pain. 2012 Feb;6(1):11-6. doi: 10.1177/2049463712438493. [PubMed:26516461]
- FDA approves Dsuvia [Link]
- Noting Military Potential, FDA Approves Powerful Painkiller Dsuvia [Link]
- Sufentanil EMA label [File]
- Sufentanil [File]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014846
- KEGG Drug
- D05938
- KEGG Compound
- C08022
- PubChem Compound
- 41693
- PubChem Substance
- 46504737
- ChemSpider
- 38043
- BindingDB
- 94503
- ChEBI
- 9316
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL658
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000357
- PharmGKB
- PA451527
- IUPHAR
- 3534
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Sufentanil
- ATC Codes
- N01AH03 — Sufentanil
- AHFS Codes
- 28:08.08 — Opiate Agonists
- FDA label
- Download (176 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (47.6 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Akorn inc
- Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care
- Hospira inc
- Watson laboratories inc
- Packagers
- Akorn Inc.
- Baxter International Inc.
- Generamedix Inc.
- Hospira Inc.
- Mallinckrodt Inc.
- Taylor Pharmaceuticals
- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Sublingual 30 ug/1 Solution Intravenous 50 ug/1mL Liquid Epidural; Intravenous 50 mcg Liquid Intravenous 50 mcg Injection Epidural; Intravenous 0.05 mg/1mL Injection Epidural; Intravenous 50 ug/1mL Injection, solution Epidural; Intravenous 50 ug/1mL Solution Epidural; Intravenous 50 mcg Tablet Sublingual 15 μg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Sufentanil citrate powder 18927.0USD g Sufenta 50 mcg/ml ampul 5.38USD ml Sufentanil 50 mcg/ml ampul 3.92USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 136.3 MSDS water solubility Soluble MSDS logP 3.95 https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sufentanil#section=Solubility logS -3.71 https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sufentanil#section=Solubility - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.012 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 3.4 ALOGPS logP 3.61 ChemAxon logS -4.5 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) 8.86 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 32.78 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 8 ChemAxon Refractivity 111.42 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 43.85 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 3 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon Veber's Rule Yes ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule Yes ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9875 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9886 Caco-2 permeable + 0.5201 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.6673 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.8275 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Inhibitor 0.8387 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.5594 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.7923 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9116 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.713 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.8954 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7839 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8416 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.5438 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.6293 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.6401 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.7695 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.8861 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9724 Rat acute toxicity 3.0968 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9793 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.772
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anilides. These are organic heterocyclic compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l not 0) by replacing an OH group by the NHPh group or derivative formed by ring substitution.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Anilides
- Direct Parent
- Anilides
- Alternative Parents
- Aralkylamines / Piperidines / Thiophenes / Tertiary carboxylic acid amides / Heteroaromatic compounds / Trialkylamines / Amino acids and derivatives / Dialkyl ethers / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds show 3 more
- Substituents
- Anilide / Aralkylamine / Piperidine / Tertiary carboxylic acid amide / Heteroaromatic compound / Thiophene / Amino acid or derivatives / Carboxamide group / Tertiary amine / Tertiary aliphatic amine show 15 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- piperidines, thiophenes, ether, anilide (CHEBI:9316)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for endogenous opioids such as beta-endorphin and endomorphin. Receptor for natural and synthetic opioids including morphine, heroin, DAMGO, fentanyl, etorphine, buprenorphin and methadone...
- Gene Name
- OPRM1
- Uniprot ID
- P35372
- Uniprot Name
- Mu-type opioid receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 44778.855 Da
References
- Hurle MA: Changes in the expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and beta-arrestin 2 in rat brain during opioid tolerance and supersensitivity. J Neurochem. 2001 Apr;77(2):486-92. [PubMed:11299311]
- Levron JC: [Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of morphinomimetics in the central nervous system]. Agressologie. 1991;32(6-7):318-20. [PubMed:1688220]
- Ilien B, Galzi JL, Mejean A, Goeldner M, Hirth C: A mu-opioid receptor-filter assay. Rapid estimation of binding affinity of ligands and reversibility of long-lasting ligand-receptor complexes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Oct 15;37(20):3843-51. [PubMed:2847746]
- Colpaert FC, Leysen JE, Michiels M, van den Hoogen RH: Epidural and intravenous sufentanil in the rat: analgesia, opiate receptor binding, and drug concentrations in plasma and brain. Anesthesiology. 1986 Jul;65(1):41-9. [PubMed:3014923]
- Leysen JE, Gommeren W: In vitro binding properties of 3H-sufentanil, a superior ligand for the mu-opiate receptor. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1982 Dec;260(2):287-9. [PubMed:6131653]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Opioid receptor activity
- Specific Function
- G-protein coupled receptor that functions as receptor for endogenous enkephalins and for a subset of other opioids. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine n...
- Gene Name
- OPRD1
- Uniprot ID
- P41143
- Uniprot Name
- Delta-type opioid receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 40368.235 Da
References
- Freye E, Latasch L, Portoghese PS: The delta receptor is involved in sufentanil-induced respiratory depression--opioid subreceptors mediate different effects. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1992 Nov;9(6):457-62. [PubMed:1330549]
- Zhu J, Xue JC, Law PY, Claude PA, Luo LY, Yin J, Chen C, Liu-Chen LY: The region in the mu opioid receptor conferring selectivity for sufentanil over the delta receptor is different from that over the kappa receptor. FEBS Lett. 1996 Apr 15;384(2):198-202. [PubMed:8612823]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Opioid receptor activity
- Specific Function
- G-protein coupled opioid receptor that functions as receptor for endogenous alpha-neoendorphins and dynorphins, but has low affinity for beta-endorphins. Also functions as receptor for various synt...
- Gene Name
- OPRK1
- Uniprot ID
- P41145
- Uniprot Name
- Kappa-type opioid receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 42644.665 Da
References
- Zhu J, Xue JC, Law PY, Claude PA, Luo LY, Yin J, Chen C, Liu-Chen LY: The region in the mu opioid receptor conferring selectivity for sufentanil over the delta receptor is different from that over the kappa receptor. FEBS Lett. 1996 Apr 15;384(2):198-202. [PubMed:8612823]
- Chang HM, Berde CB, Holz GG 4th, Steward GF, Kream RM: Sufentanil, morphine, met-enkephalin, and kappa-agonist (U-50,488H) inhibit substance P release from primary sensory neurons: a model for presynaptic spinal opioid actions. Anesthesiology. 1989 Apr;70(4):672-7. [PubMed:2467589]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Fisher DM, Chang P, Wada DR, Dahan A, Palmer PP: Pharmacokinetic Properties of a Sufentanil Sublingual Tablet Intended to Treat Acute Pain. Anesthesiology. 2018 May;128(5):943-952. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002145. [PubMed:29498947]
- Sufentanil EMA label [File]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on December 18, 2018 09:10