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Identification
Name Calcium Acetate
Accession Number DB00258 (APRD00839)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

The chemical compound calcium acetate is the calcium salt of acetic acid. An older name is acetate of lime. The anhydrous form is very hygroscopic, therefore the monohydrate is the common form. [Wikipedia]
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
Brown acetate of lime
calcium ethanoate
calcium(II) acetate
Gray acetate of lime
Lime acetate
Lime pyrolignite
Salts Not Available
Brand names
Name Company
Calac
PhosLo
Sorbo-calcian
Sorbo-calcion
Teltozan
Brand mixtures
Brand Name Ingredients
Anti Stress Calcium Acetate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite + Potassium (Potassium Bicarbonate) + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Chloride + Vitamin a + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E
Electrolyte Booster Biotin + Calcium Acetate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Bicarbonate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Diacetate + Vitamin a (Vitamin a Acetate) + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) + Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) + Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) + Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) + Vitamin E (Dl-Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate)
Electrolytes Plus Calcium Acetate + Calcium D-Pantothenate + Choline Bitartrate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione (Menadione Sodium Bisulfite) + Nicotinamide + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Diacetate + Vitamin a Acetate + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B2 + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E
Electrovite Calcium Acetate + Calcium Chloride + Folic Acid + Magnesium Acetate + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Diacetate + Vitamin a + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E
Hyperlyte Multi-Electrolyte Concentrate) (Calcium Acetate + Magnesium Acetate + Potassium Acetate + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Gluconate
Jugelect Calcium Acetate + Calcium Citrate + Magnesium Acetate + Magnesium Citrate + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Chloride
Lypholyte Calcium Acetate + Magnesium Acetate + Potassium Acetate + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Gluconate
Medi-Kool Pak Aluminum Sulfate + Arnica + Boric Acid + Calcium Acetate + Camphor + Menthol + Methyl Salicylate + Tannic Acid
Mineralytes Plus Calcium Acetate + Calcium D-Pantothenate + Choline Bitartrate + Dl-Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione (Menadione Sodium Bisulfite) + Nicotinamide + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Diacetate + Vitamin a Acetate + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B2 + Vitamin D3
Parvit II Calcium Acetate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite (Vitamin K3) + Potassium (Potassium Bicarbonate) + Sodium (Sodium Acetate, Sodium Diacetate, Sodium Chloride) + Vitamin a + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) + Vitamin C (Vitamin C) + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E
Renodoron Calcium Acetate + Silicon Dioxide
Super Electrolyte Calcium Acetate + Calcium D-Pantothenate + Choline Bitartrate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione (Menadione Sodium Bisulfite) + Nicotinamide + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Diacetate + Vitamin a (Vitamin a Acetate) + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) + Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) + Vitamin E (Dl-Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate)
Tym-Plex Calcium Acetate + Calcium Sulfide Crude + Echinacea Angustifolia + Phosphoric Acid + Phosphorus
Vitadol Plus Calcium Acetate + Folic Acid + Magnesium Chloride + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite + Potassium Bicarbonate + Sodium Acetate + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Diacetate + Vitamin a + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E
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Categories
  • Antihyperphosphatemics
  • Chelating Agents
CAS number 62-54-4
Weight Average: 158.166
Monoisotopic: 157.989199835
Chemical Formula C4H6CaO4
InChI Key InChIKey=VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChI
InChI=1S/2C2H4O2.Ca/c2*1-2(3)4;/h2*1H3,(H,3,4);/q;;+2/p-2
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
calcium diacetate
SMILES
[Ca++].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Acetates
Substructures
  • Anions
  • Acetates
  • Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
  • Cations
Pharmacology
Indication Calcium acetate is one of a number of calcium salts used to treat hyperphosphatemia (too much phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease.
Pharmacodynamics Patients with advanced renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min) exhibit phosphate retention and some degree of hyperphosphatemia. The retention of phosphate plays a pivotal role in causing secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with osteodystrophy, and soft-tissue calcification. The mechanism by which phosphate retention leads to hyperparathyroidism is not clearly delineated. Therapeutic efforts directed toward the control of hyperphosphatemia include reduction in the dietary intake of phosphate, inhibition of absorption of phosphate in the intestine with phosphate binders, and removal of phosphate from the body by more efficient methods of dialysis. The rate of removal of phosphate by dietary manipulation or by dialysis is insufficient. Dialysis patients absorb 40% to 80% of dietary phosphorus. Therefore, the fraction of dietary phosphate absorbed from the diet needs to be reduced by using phosphate binders in most renal failure patients on maintenance dialysis. Calcium acetate when taken with meals combines with dietary phosphate to form insoluble calcium phosphate which is excreted in the feces. Maintenance of serum phosphorus below 6.0 mg/dl is generally considered as a clinically acceptable outcome of treatment with phosphate binders. Calcium acetate is highly soluble at neutral pH, making the calcium readily available for binding to phosphate in the proximal small intestine.
Mechanism of action Calcium acetate and other calcium salts are phosphate binders. They work by binding with the phosphate in the food you eat, so that it is eliminated from the body without being absorbed.
Absorption 40% is absorbed in the fasting state and approximately 30% is absorbed in the nonfasting state following oral administration.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination Calcium acetate when taken with meals, combines with dietary phosphate to form insoluble calcium phosphate which is excreted in the feces.
Half life Not Available
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Oral, rat: LD50 = 4280 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include mild hypercalcemia (constipation; loss of appetite; nausea and vomiting), and severe hypercalcemia (confusion; full or partial loss of consciousness; incoherent speech).
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Roxane laboratories inc
  • Fresenius medical care north america
  • Cypress pharmaceutical inc
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Liquid Oral
Solution / drops Oral
Tablet Oral
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
PhosLo 667 mg capsule 1.05 USD capsule
Phoslo 667 mg tablet 0.41 USD tablet
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Country Patent Number Approved Expires (estimated)
United States 6576665 2001-04-03 2021-04-03
Properties
State solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point > 160 °C Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 1.47e+02 g/l ALOGPS
logP 0.24 ALOGPS
logP -0.22 ChemAxon
logS -0.03 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest acidic) 4.54 ChemAxon
physiological charge -1 ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count 2 ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count 0 ChemAxon
polar surface area 40.13 ChemAxon
rotatable bond count 0 ChemAxon
refractivity 23.48 ChemAxon
polarizability 4.96 ChemAxon
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference Not Available
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Drug D00931 Link_out
PubChem Compound 6116 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46507985 Link_out
ChemSpider 5890 Link_out
ChEBI 3310 Link_out
ChEMBL 3310 Link_out
PharmGKB PA164746897 Link_out
Drug Product Database 1982591 Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/calcium-acetate.html Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_Acetate Link_out
ATC Codes
  • A12AA12
AHFS Codes
  • 40:18.19
  • 92:02.00*
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label show (25.6 KB)
MSDS show (72.9 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Alendronate Calcium Salts may decrease the serum concentration of Bisphosphonate Derivatives such as alendronate. Avoid administration of oral calcium supplements within 30 minutes after alendronate.
Calcium carbonate Calcium salts may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of calcium acetate. Concurrent use of other calcium salts with calcium acetate should be avoided when possible. This combination is particularly dangerous in patients with other risk factors for hypercalcemia, such as those with end-stage renal disease.
Calcium Chloride Calcium salts may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of calcium acetate. Concurrent use of other calcium salts with calcium acetate should be avoided when possible. This combination is particularly dangerous in patients with other risk factors for hypercalcemia, such as those with end-stage renal disease.
Ceftriaxone Calcium Salts (Intravenous) may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Ceftriaxone. Ceftriaxone binds to calcium forming an insoluble precipitate. Concurrent or sequential use (within 48 hours) of ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions is contraindicated in neonates (28 days of age or younger). In other patients, these solutions can be used sequentially if the infusion lines are flushed with a compatible fluid between ceftriaxone and calcium-containing solution infusion.
Ciprofloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Clodronate Calcium Salts may decrease the serum concentration of Bisphosphonate Derivatives such as clodronate. Avoid administration of oral calcium supplements within 2 hours before or after tiludronate/clodronate/etidronate.
Demeclocycline Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the serum concentration of tetracycline derivatives such as demeoclocycline. In general, the coadministration of oral calcium salts and oral tetracycline derivatives should be avoided. Interactions may be able to be minimized by administering oral calcium preparations several hours before or after the dose of the oral tetracycline derivatives. Even with dose separation, therapy may still be compromised. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effect of oral tetracycline derivatives.
Doxycycline Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the serum concentration of tetracycline derivatives such as doxycycline. In general, the coadministration of oral calcium salts and oral tetracycline derivatives should be avoided. Interactions may be able to be minimized by administering oral calcium preparations several hours before or after the dose of the oral tetracycline derivatives. Even with dose separation, therapy may still be compromised. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effect of oral tetracycline derivatives.
Eltrombopag Calcium Salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the serum concentration of Eltrombopag. Separate administration of eltrombopag and any polyvalent cation (e.g., calcium-containing products) by at least 4 hours.
Estramustine Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of estramustine. Interactions can be minimized by administering estramustine on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Do not coadminister estramustine with food or milk. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of estramustine if administered with oral calcium supplements, food or milk.
Etidronic acid Calcium Salts may decrease the serum concentration of Bisphosphonate Derivatives such as etidronic acid (etidronate). Avoid administration of oral calcium supplements within 2 hours before or after tiludronate/clodronate/etidronate.
Gemifloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as gemifloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Ibandronate Calcium Salts may decrease the serum concentration of Bisphosphonate Derivatives such as ibandronate. Avoid administration of oral calcium supplements within 60 minutes after oral ibandronate.
Levofloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as levofloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Levothyroxine Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may diminish the therapeutic effect of thyroid products such as levothyroxine. Separate the doses of the thyroid product and the oral calcium supplement by at least 4 hours. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of thyroid products if an oral calcium supplement is initiated/dose increased, or increased effects if an oral calcium supplement is discontinued/dose decreased.
Liothyronine Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may diminish the therapeutic effect of thyroid products such as liothyronine. Separate the doses of the thyroid product and the oral calcium supplement by at least 4 hours. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of thyroid products if an oral calcium supplement is initiated/dose increased, or increased effects if an oral calcium supplement is discontinued/dose decreased.
Liotrix Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may diminish the therapeutic effect of thyroid products such as liotrix. Separate the doses of the thyroid product and the oral calcium supplement by at least 4 hours. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of thyroid products if an oral calcium supplement is initiated/dose increased, or increased effects if an oral calcium supplement is discontinued/dose decreased.
Lomefloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as lomefloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Minocycline Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the serum concentration of tetracycline derivatives such as minocycline. In general, the coadministration of oral calcium salts and oral tetracycline derivatives should be avoided. Interactions may be able to be minimized by administering oral calcium preparations several hours before or after the dose of the oral tetracycline derivatives. Even with dose separation, therapy may still be compromised. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effect of oral tetracycline derivatives.
Nalidixic Acid Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as nalidixic acid. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Norfloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as norfloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Ofloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as ofloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Risedronate Calcium Salts may decrease the serum concentration of Bisphosphonate Derivatives such as risedronate. Avoid administration of oral calcium supplements within or 30 minutes after risedronate.
Sparfloxacin Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as sparfloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Tetracycline Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the serum concentration of tetracycline derivatives such as tetracycline. In general, the coadministration of oral calcium salts and oral tetracycline derivatives should be avoided. Interactions may be able to be minimized by administering oral calcium preparations several hours before or after the dose of the oral tetracycline derivatives. Even with dose separation, therapy may still be compromised. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effect of oral tetracycline derivatives.
Tiludronate The divalent cation of oral Calcium Acetate may significantly decrease the absorption of Tiludronate by forming a nonabsorbable chelate. Oral dosing should be separated by at least 2 hours.
Trientine hydrochloride Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the serum concentration of trientine. Trientine may decrease the serum concentration of Calcium Salts. The manufacturer of trientine recommends avoiding concurrent administration with mineral supplements to prevent an interaction in the gastrointestinal tract that would impair absorption of trientine. The recommendation is that trientine be taken at least one hour before or two hours after meals and at least one hour apart from any drug, food, or milk.
Trovafloxacin Calcium may decrease the absorption of orally administered Trovafloxacin. Administer Trovafloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after a dose of the calcium containining agent to minimize the interaction.
Food Interactions Not Available
Targets

1. Phosphate

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: binder

References:
  1. Mai ML, Emmett M, Sheikh MS, Santa Ana CA, Schiller L, Fordtran JS: Calcium acetate, an effective phosphorus binder in patients with renal failure. Kidney Int. 1989 Oct;36(4):690-5. Pubmed
  2. Nolan CR, Qunibi WY: Calcium salts in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2003 Jul;12(4):373-9. Pubmed
  3. Nolan CR, Qunibi WY: Treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005 Jun;(95):S13-20. Pubmed
  4. Nolan CR: Phosphate binder therapy for attainment of K/DOQI bone metabolism guidelines. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005 Jul;(96):S7-14. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 08, 2013 16:19