Aminophylline is a drug combination that contains theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio. Once in the body, theophylline is released and acts as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, adenosine receptor blocker, and histone deacetylase activator. Similar to other theophyllines, aminophylline is indicated for the treatment of lung diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD. The majority of aminophylline medications are discontinued and the remaining medications on the market are in short supply.

Structure

Similar Structures

Synonyms

Aminofilina
Aminophyllin
Aminophylline
Aminophyllinum
Theophyline ethylenediamine
Theophylline ethylenediamine

Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Aminophylline dihydrate	C229N9DX94	5897-66-5	FXNJPZOEDHBGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Active Moieties

Name	Kind	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Theophylline	unknown	0I55128JYK	58-55-9	ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Unlock Additional Data
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2006-11-07	2006-11-07
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2006-11-07	2006-11-07
Aminophylline Inj 25mg/ml	Solution		Intravenous	Omega Laboratories Ltd	1984-12-31	Not applicable
Aminophylline Inj 50mg/ml	Solution		Intravenous	Omega Laboratories Ltd	1984-12-31	Not applicable
Aminophylline Injection 50mg/ml	Solution		Intravenous	Hospira Healthcare Ulc	1981-12-31	2012-08-03
Aminophylline Injection USP	Solution		Intravenous	Pfizer Canada Ulc	1981-12-31	Not applicable
Aminophylline Tab 0.1gm	Tablet		Oral	Lederle Cyanamid Canada Inc.	1951-12-31	2000-08-02
Aminophylline Tab 100mg	Tablet		Oral	Stanley Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Vita Health Products Inc.	1957-12-31	2002-07-31
Jaa Aminophylline Tab 100mg	Tablet		Oral	Jaapharm Canada Inc.	1993-12-31	2016-08-10
Phyllocontin	Tablet, extended release		Oral	Purdue Pharma	1993-12-31	2011-08-04

Additional Data Available

Application Number

A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.

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Product Code

A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.

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Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
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Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	General Injectables & Vaccines, Inc.	2009-01-01	Not applicable
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Cardinal Health	2011-02-11	Not applicable
Aminophylline	Solution	105 mg/5mL	Oral	Actavis Pharma Company	2001-01-28	2007-03-31
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst	2019-02-10	Not applicable
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Cardinal Health	2011-02-11	Not applicable
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2015-06-24	Not applicable
Aminophylline	Tablet	200 mg/1	Oral	West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Corp	1976-05-28	2015-08-16
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst	2018-09-13	Not applicable
Aminophylline	Injection	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	American Regent	1982-06-15	2008-05-16
Aminophylline	Injection, solution	25 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2005-02-28	Not applicable

Additional Data Available

Application Number

A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.

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Product Code

A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.

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International/Other Brands

Minomal / Somophyllin

Categories

UNII

27Y3KJK423

CAS number

317-34-0

Weight

Average: 420.4264
Monoisotopic: 420.198199306

Chemical Formula

C₁₆H₂₄N₁₀O₄

InChI Key

FQPFAHBPWDRTLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/2C7H8N4O2.C2H8N2/c2*1-10-5-4(8-3-9-5)6(12)11(2)7(10)13;3-1-2-4/h2*3H,1-2H3,(H,8,9);1-4H2

IUPAC Name

bis(1,3-dimethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione); ethane-1,2-diamine

SMILES

NCCN.CN1C2=C(NC=N2)C(=O)N(C)C1=O.CN1C2=C(NC=N2)C(=O)N(C)C1=O

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment of bronchospasm due to asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Associated Conditions

Pharmacodynamics

Aminophylline is the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline. Theophylline stimulates the CNS, skeletal muscles, and cardiac muscle. It relaxes certain smooth muscles in the bronchi, produces diuresis, and causes an increase in gastric secretion.

Mechanism of action

Aminophylline is the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline. After ingestion, theophylline is released from aminophylline, and theophylline relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels and reduces airway responsiveness to histamine, methacholine, adenosine, and allergen. Theophylline competitively inhibits type III and type IV phosphodiesterase (PDE), the enzyme responsible for breaking down cyclic AMP in smooth muscle cells, possibly resulting in bronchodilation. Theophylline also binds to the adenosine A2B receptor and blocks adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction. In inflammatory states, theophylline activates histone deacetylase to prevent transcription of inflammatory genes that require the acetylation of histones for transcription to begin.

Target	Actions	Organism
AcGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A	inhibitor	Humans
AAdenosine receptor A1	antagonist	Humans
AAdenosine receptor A3	antagonist	Humans
AHistone deacetylase 2	activator	Humans

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Additional Data Available

Adverse Effects

Comprehensive structured data on known drug adverse effects with statistical prevalence. MedDRA and ICD10 ids are provided for adverse effect conditions and symptoms.

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Contraindications

Structured data covering drug contraindications. Each contraindication describes a scenario in which the drug is not to be used. Includes restrictions on co-administration, contraindicated populations, and more.

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Blackbox Warnings

Structured data representing warnings from the black box section of drug labels. These warnings cover important and dangerous risks, contraindications, or adverse effects.

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Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

0.3 to 0.7 L/kg

Protein binding

60%

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half life

7-9 hours

Clearance

0.29 mL/kg/min [postnatal age 3-15 days]
0.64 mL/kg/min [postnatal age 25-57 days]
1.7 mL/kg/min [ 1-4 years]
1.6 mL/kg/min [4-12 years]
0.9 mL/kg/min [13-15 years]
1.4 mL/kg/min [16-17 years]
0.65 mL/kg/min [Adults (16-60 years), non-smoking asthmatics]
0.41 mL/kg/min [Elderly (>60 years). liver, and renal function]
0.33 mL/kg/min [Acute pulmonary edema]
0.54 mL/kg/min [COPD->60 years, stable non-smoker >1 year]
0.48 mL/kg/min [COPD with cor pulmonale]
1.25 mL/kg/min [Cystic fibrosis (14-28 years)]
0.31 mL/kg/min [Liver disease -cholestasis]
0.35 mL/kg/min [cirrhosis]
0.65 mL/kg/min [acute hepatitis]
0.47 mL/kg/min [Sepsis with multi-organ failure]
0.38 mL/kg/min [hypothyroid]
0.8 mL/kg/min [hyperthyroid]

Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Drug	Interaction
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(R)-warfarin	The metabolism of (R)-warfarin can be decreased when combined with Aminophylline.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine is combined with Aminophylline.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine is combined with Aminophylline.
3,5-Diiodotyrosine	3,5-Diiodotyrosine may decrease the excretion rate of Aminophylline which could result in a higher serum level.
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine is combined with Aminophylline.
6-Deoxyerythronolide B	The metabolism of Aminophylline can be decreased when combined with 6-Deoxyerythronolide B.
6-O-benzylguanine	The metabolism of 6-O-benzylguanine can be decreased when combined with Aminophylline.
7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin	The metabolism of Aminophylline can be decreased when combined with 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin.
7-Nitroindazole	7-Nitroindazole may increase the excretion rate of Aminophylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
8-azaguanine	The metabolism of 8-azaguanine can be decreased when combined with Aminophylline.

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Extended Description

Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.

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Severity

A severity rating for each drug interaction, from minor to major.

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Evidence Level

A rating for the strength of the evidence supporting each drug interaction.

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Action

An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.

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Food Interactions

Limit caffeine intake.
Take with food.
Vitamin B6 needs increased, supplement recommended.

References

General References

Not Available

External Links

Human Metabolome Database: HMDB0015354
KEGG Drug: D00227
PubChem Compound: 9433
PubChem Substance: 46508784
ChemSpider: 9062
ChEBI: 2659
ChEMBL: CHEMBL1370561
Therapeutic Targets Database: DAP000613
PharmGKB: PA164781029
Drugs.com: Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia: Aminophylline

ATC Codes

R03DA55 — Aminophylline, combinations

R03DA05 — Aminophylline

R03DA20 — Combinations of xanthines

R03DB05 — Aminophylline and adrenergics

AHFS Codes

86:16.00 — Respiratory Smooth Muscle Relaxants

MSDS

Download (72.7 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
0	Completed	Not Available	Bladder Cancers	1
0	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)	1
1	Completed	Basic Science	Mountain Sickness	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Acute Mountain Sickness and Fatigue	1
1	Completed	Treatment	High Altitude Pulmonary Hypertension	1
1	Recruiting	Supportive Care	Recovery From Anesthesia	1
1	Recruiting	Treatment	Premature Obstetric Labor	1
1, 2	Completed	Prevention	Physiological Function in Low Oxygen Environment	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Anaesthesia	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Cardiac Arrest	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Asthma	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Post-Dural Puncture Headache	1
3	Recruiting	Treatment	Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Patients Being Assessed With Nuclear Stress Testing of the Heart Using the Stress Agent Regadenoson (Lexiscan ®)	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Patients With Severe Chronic Kidney Disease Being Evaluated With Nuclear Stress Testing of the Heart Using the Stress Agent Regadenoson (Lexiscan ®)	1
4	Recruiting	Treatment	Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	1
4	Suspended	Diagnostic	Coronary Artery Disease	1
4	Terminated	Not Available	Asthma	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Function of Renal Transplant	1
Not Available	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Asthma Acute / Asthma in Children	1
Not Available	Unknown Status	Basic Science	Venoarteriolar Reflex	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Amend
C.O. Truxton Inc.
Cardinal Health
Carlisle Laboratories Inc.
Dispensing Solutions
G & W Labs
General Injectables and Vaccines Inc.
Hospira Inc.
Kaiser Foundation Hospital
Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
Major Pharmaceuticals
Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
PCA LLC
Pharmedix
Prescript Pharmaceuticals
West-Ward Pharmaceuticals

Dosage forms

Form	Route	Strength
Injection	Intravenous	25 mg/1mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	25 mg/1mL
Solution	Oral	105 mg/5mL
Tablet	Oral	100 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	200 mg/1
Solution	Intravenous
Tablet	Oral
Tablet, extended release	Oral
Suppository	Rectal	250 mg/1
Suppository	Rectal	500 mg/1

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Aminophylline 250 mg/10 ml vial	0.48USD	ml
Aminophylline 25 mg/ml	0.41USD	ml
Phyllocontin-350 350 mg Sustained-Release Tablet	0.31USD	tablet
Aminophylline 100 mg tablet	0.26USD	tablet
Phyllocontin 225 mg Sustained-Release Tablet	0.24USD	tablet
Aminophylline powder	0.17USD	g
Aminophylline 200 mg tablet	0.15USD	tablet

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
water solubility	2E+005 mg/L	MERCK INDEX (1996)
logP	-3.03	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-0.77	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	7.82	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-0.78	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	69.3 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	44.93 m³·mol^-1	ChemAxon
Polarizability	16.86 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	4	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Predicted ADMET features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.9778
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.5908
Caco-2 permeable	-	0.6802
P-glycoprotein substrate	Substrate	0.7341
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.9164
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.9673
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.7935
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8073
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8093
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Substrate	0.5482
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.8726
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9332
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9633
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9184
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8031
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.8858
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.6724
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.8696
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.9149
Rat acute toxicity	2.4979 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.7876
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Inhibitor	0.6143

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-001i-1900000000-f6d60952fa154f363515

Taxonomy

Description: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group.
Kingdom: Organic compounds
Super Class: Organic nitrogen compounds
Class: Organonitrogen compounds
Sub Class: Amines
Direct Parent: Monoalkylamines
Alternative Parents: Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents: Organopnictogen compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Primary aliphatic amine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular Framework: Not Available
External Descriptors: Not Available

Targets

Details1. cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Metal ion binding
Specific Function: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes.
Gene Name: PDE3A
Uniprot ID: Q14432
Uniprot Name: cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A
Molecular Weight: 124978.06 Da

References

Hirota K, Yoshioka H, Kabara S, Koizumi Y, Abe H, Sato T, Matsuki A: Spasmolytic effects of colforsin daropate on serotonin-induced pulmonary hypertension and bronchoconstriction in dogs. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2002 Mar;46(3):297-302. [PubMed:11939921]
Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]

Details2. Adenosine receptor A1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Antagonist

General Function: Purine nucleoside binding
Specific Function: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name: ADORA1
Uniprot ID: P30542
Uniprot Name: Adenosine receptor A1
Molecular Weight: 36511.325 Da

References

Yamamoto S, Nakanishi O, Matsui T, Shinohara N, Kinoshita H, Lambert C, Ishikawa T: Intrathecal adenosine A1 receptor agonist attenuates hyperalgesia without inhibiting spinal glutamate release in the rat. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2003 Apr;23(2):175-85. [PubMed:12735630]
Lerman BB: Response of nonreentrant catecholamine-mediated ventricular tachycardia to endogenous adenosine and acetylcholine. Evidence for myocardial receptor-mediated effects. Circulation. 1993 Feb;87(2):382-90. [PubMed:8425287]

Details3. Adenosine receptor A3

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Antagonist

General Function: G-protein coupled adenosine receptor activity
Specific Function: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. Possible role in reproduction.
Gene Name: ADORA3
Uniprot ID: P0DMS8
Uniprot Name: Adenosine receptor A3
Molecular Weight: 36184.175 Da

References

Stella L, de Novellis V, Marabese I, Berrino L, Maione S, Filippelli A, Rossi F: The role of A3 adenosine receptors in central regulation of arterial blood pressure. Br J Pharmacol. 1998 Oct;125(3):437-40. [PubMed:9806324]

Details4. Histone deacetylase 2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Activator

General Function: Transcription factor binding
Specific Function: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an impo...
Gene Name: HDAC2
Uniprot ID: Q92769
Uniprot Name: Histone deacetylase 2
Molecular Weight: 55363.855 Da

References

Ito K, Lim S, Caramori G, Cosio B, Chung KF, Adcock IM, Barnes PJ: A molecular mechanism of action of theophylline: Induction of histone deacetylase activity to decrease inflammatory gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 25;99(13):8921-6. Epub 2002 Jun 17. [PubMed:12070353]

Enzymes

Details1. Cytochrome P450 1A2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name: CYP1A2
Uniprot ID: P05177
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight: 58293.76 Da

References

Macias WL, Bergstrom RF, Cerimele BJ, Kassahun K, Tatum DE, Callaghan JT: Lack of effect of olanzapine on the pharmacokinetics of a single aminophylline dose in healthy men. Pharmacotherapy. 1998 Nov-Dec;18(6):1237-48. [PubMed:9855322]
CYP1A2, CTEP document, NIH [File]
Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions [File]

Details2. Cytochrome P450 2E1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic ...
Gene Name: CYP2E1
Uniprot ID: P05181
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1
Molecular Weight: 56848.42 Da

References

Tjia JF, Colbert J, Back DJ: Theophylline metabolism in human liver microsomes: inhibition studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Mar;276(3):912-7. [PubMed:8786569]

Details3. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name: CYP3A4
Uniprot ID: P08684
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight: 57342.67 Da

References

Tjia JF, Colbert J, Back DJ: Theophylline metabolism in human liver microsomes: inhibition studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Mar;276(3):912-7. [PubMed:8786569]

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on January 23, 2020 17:20

Aminophylline

Identification

Structure for Aminophylline (DB01223)

Pharmacology

Interactions

References

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Taxonomy

Targets

References

References

References

References

Enzymes

References

References

References