| DB00122 | Choline | For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance |
| DB00187 | Esmolol | For the rapid control of ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in perioperative, postoperative, or other emergent circumstances where short term control of ventricular rate with a short-acting agent is desirable. Also used in noncompensatory sinus tachycardia where the rapid heart rate requires specific intervention. |
| DB00195 | Betaxolol | For the management of hypertension. |
| DB00202 | Succinylcholine | Used in surgical procedures where a rapid onset and brief duration of muscle relaxation is needed (includes intubation, endoscopies, and ECT) |
| DB00211 | Midodrine | For the treatment of symptomatic orthostatic hypotension (OH). |
| DB00221 | Isoetarine | For the treatment of asthma, wheezing, and chronic asthmatic bronchitis. |
| DB00264 | Metoprolol | Metoprolol is indicated for the treatment of angina, heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and hypertension.[A175141]
Some off-label uses of metoprolol include supraventricular tachycardia and thyroid storm.[A175141]
All the indications of metoprolol are part of cardiovascular diseases. These conditions correspond to a number of diseases that involve the function of the heart and blood vessels. The underlying causes of these conditions are variable and can be due to genetic disposition, lifestyle decisions such as smoking, obesity, diet, and lack of exercise, and comorbidity with other conditions such as diabetes. The cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death on a global scale.[L5533] |
| DB00335 | Atenolol | **Indicated** for:[label]
1) Management of hypertension alone and in combination with other antihypertensives.
2) Management of angina pectoris associated with coronary atherosclerosis.
3) Management of acute myocardial infarction in hemodynamically stable patients with a heart rate greater than 50 beats per minutes and a systolic blood pressure above 100 mmHg.
**Off-label** uses include:
1) Secondary prevention of myocardial infarction.[A178156]
2) Management of heart failure.[A178153]
3) Management of atrial fibrillation.[A178141]
4) Management of supraventricular tachycardia.[A178162]
5) Management of ventricular arrythmias such as congenital long-QT and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.[A178168]
6) Management of symptomatic thyrotoxicosis in combination with [methimazole].[A178147]
7) Prophylaxis of migraine headaches.[A178171]
8) Management of alcohol withdrawal.[A178174,A178177] |
| DB00368 | Norepinephrine | Mainly used to treat patients in vasodilatory shock states such as septic shock and neurogenic shock and has shown a survival benefit over dopamine. Also used as a vasopressor medication for patients with critical hypotension. |
| DB00373 | Timolol | The oral form is used to treat high blood pressure and prevent heart attacks, and occasionally to prevent migraine headaches. Ophthalmic timolol is indicated for the treamtnet of open-angle and occasionally secondary glaucoma. |
| DB00388 | Phenylephrine | Phenylephrine is mainly used to treat nasal congestion, but may also be useful in treating hypotension and shock, hypotension during spinal anaesthesia, prolongation of spinal anaesthesia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, symptomatic relief of external or internal hemorrhoids, and to increase blood pressure as an aid in the diagnosis of heart murmurs. |
| DB00397 | Phenylpropanolamine | For the treatment of nasal congestion, control of urinary incontinence, priapism and obesity. |
| DB00411 | Carbamoylcholine | Primarily used in the treatment of glaucoma, but is also used during ophthalmic surgery. |
| DB00449 | Dipivefrin | Dipivefrin is a prodrug which is used as initial therapy for the control of intraocular pressure in chronic open-angle glaucoma. |
| DB00489 | Sotalol | Sotalol is indicated to treat life threatening ventricular arrhytmias and maintain normal sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter.[Label] There are also oral solutions and intravenous injections indicated for patients requiring sotalol, but for whom a tablet would not be appropriate.[Label,L6373,L6376] |
| DB00521 | Carteolol | For the treatment of intraocular hypertension and chronic open-angle glaucoma |
| DB00571 | Propranolol | For the prophylaxis of migraine. |
| DB00598 | Labetalol | For the management of hypertension (alone or in combination with other classes of antihypertensive agents), as well as chronic stable angina pectoris and sympathetic overactivity syndrome associated with severe tetanus. Labetalol is used parenterally for immediate reduction in blood pressure in severe hypertension or in hypertensive crises when considered an emergency, for the control of blood pressure in patients with pheochromocytoma and pregnant women with preeclampsia, and to produce controlled hypotension during anesthesia to reduce bleeding resulting from surgical procedures. |
| DB00610 | Metaraminol | For the treatment and prevention of hypotension due to hemorrhage, spinal anesthesia, and shock associated with brain damage |
| DB00612 | Bisoprolol | For management of heart failure, angina pectoris, and mild to moderate hypertension and for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI). |
| DB00723 | Methoxamine | Indicated for the treatment and management of hypotension. |
| DB00816 | Orciprenaline | For the treatment of bronchospasm, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema. |
| DB00852 | Pseudoephedrine | For the treatment of nasal congestion, sinus congestion, Eustachian tube congestion, and vasomotor rhinitis, and as an adjunct to other agents in the optimum treatment of allergic rhinitis, croup, sinusitis, otitis media, and tracheobronchitis. Also used as first-line therapy of priapism. |
| DB00866 | Alprenolol | For the treatment of hypertension, angina, and arrhythmia |
| DB00867 | Ritodrine | For the treatment and prophylaxis of premature labour |
| DB00871 | Terbutaline | For the prevention and reversal of bronchospasm in patients 12 years of age and older with reversible, obstructive airway disease, as well as symptomatic management of reversible bronchospasm associated with bronchitis and emphysema. Also used acute IV and sub-Q therapy in selected women to inhibit uterine contractions in preterm labor (tocolysis) and prolong gestation when beneficial. |
| DB00901 | Bitolterol | Used to dilate air passages in the lungs that have become narrowed as a result of disease or inflammation. It is used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). |
| DB00938 | Salmeterol | For the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). |
| DB00960 | Pindolol | For the management of hypertension, edema, ventricular tachycardias, and atrial fibrillation. |
| DB00983 | Formoterol | For use as long-term maintenance treatment of asthma in patients 6 years of age and older with reversible obstructive airways disease, including patients with symptoms of nocturnal asthma, who are using optimal corticosteroid treatment and experiencing regular or frequent breakthrough symptoms requiring use of a short-acting bronchodilator. Not indicated for asthma that can be successfully managed with occasional use of an inhaled, short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist. Also used for the prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm, as well as long-term treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD. |
| DB01001 | Salbutamol | Salbutamol is indicated for (i) the symptomatic relief and prevention of bronchospasm due to bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, reversible obstructive airway disease, and other chronic bronchopulmonary disorders in which bronchospasm is a complicating factor, and/or (ii) the acute prophylaxis against exercise-induced bronchospasm and other stimuli known to induce bronchospasm [FDA Label, F3265, F3268]. |
| DB01036 | Tolterodine | For the treatment of overactive bladder (with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, or urge incontinence). |
| DB01064 | Isoprenaline | For the treatment of mild or transient episodes of heart block that do not require electric shock or pacemaker therapy also used in management of asthma and chronic bronchitis |
| DB01136 | Carvedilol | For the treatment of mild or moderate (NYHA class II or III) heart failure of ischemic or cardiomyopathic origin. |
| DB01193 | Acebutolol | For the management of hypertension and ventricular premature beats in adults. |
| DB01203 | Nadolol | Used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. |
| DB01210 | Levobunolol | For lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and may be used in patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. |
| DB01214 | Metipranolol | Indicated in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma. |
| DB01274 | Arformoterol | A bronchodilator used for the long term, symptomatic treatment of reversible bronchoconstriction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. |
| DB01288 | Fenoterol | Fenoterol is used for the treatment of asthma. |
| DB01291 | Pirbuterol | For the prevention and reversal of bronchospasm in patients 12 years of age and older with reversible bronchospasm including asthma. |
| DB01295 | Bevantolol | For the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. |
| DB01297 | Practolol | Used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. |
| DB01303 | Oxtriphylline | Used to treat the symptoms of asthma, bronchitis, COPD, and emphysema. |
| DB01359 | Penbutolol | Penbutolol is indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate arterial hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, especially thiazide-type diuretics.Penbutolol is contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia, second and third degree atrioventricular conduction block, bronchial asthma, and those with known hypersensitivity. |
| DB01364 | Ephedrine | Ephedrine commonly used as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, concentration aid, decongestant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia. |
| DB01366 | Procaterol | For the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). |
| DB01401 | Choline magnesium trisalicylate | Choline magnesium trisalicylate is used to reduce pain and inflammation caused by conditions such as arthritis. This medication is also used to treat fever in adults. |
| DB01407 | Clenbuterol | Used as a bronchodilator in the treatment of asthma patients. |
| DB01408 | Bambuterol | For the prevention and reversal of bronchospasm in patients 12 years of age and older with asthma and reversible bronchospasm associated with bronchitis and emphysema. |
| DB01486 | Cathine | Used to decrease appetite. |
| DB01580 | Oxprenolol | Used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety. |
| DB01738 | Phosphorylcolamine | Not Available |
| DB02261 | Platelet Activating Factor | Not Available |
| DB03203 | Sphingosine | Not Available |
| DB03811 | Histidinol | Not Available |
| DB03945 | N,N,N-Trimethyl-2-(phosphonooxy)ethanaminium | Not Available |
| DB03994 | Ethanolamine | Not Available |
| DB04250 | Butyrylthiocholine | Not Available |
| DB04837 | Clofedanol | Used in the treatment of dry cough. |
| DB04846 | Celiprolol | Celiprolol is indicated for the management of mild to moderate hypertension and effort-induced angina pectoris. |
| DB04861 | Nebivolol | For the treatment of essential hypertension. |
| DB06152 | Nylidrin | Nylidrin is mainly indicated in conditions like arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, Raynaud's disease, thrombo-angitis obliterans, and thrombophlebitis [L2285]. It may sometimes be used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders in addition premature labor (however, the drug is not approved for premature labor)[A32531]. |
| DB06262 | Droxidopa | For treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH) associated with various disorders including Multiple System Atrophy, Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy, hemodialysis induced hypotension and Parkinson's Disease. Also investigated for use/treatment in neurologic disorders, nephropathy, blood (blood forming organ disorders, unspecified), and dizzy/fainting spells. |
| DB06641 | Perifosine | Investigated for use/treatment in solid tumors, multiple myeloma, leukemia (unspecified), lung cancer, and brain cancer. |
| DB06707 | Levonordefrin | Used as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor in dentistry. |
| DB06708 | Lumefantrine | Lumefantrine and artemether combination therapy is indicated for the treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, including malaria acquired in chloroquine-resistant areas. May also be used to treat uncomplicated malaria when the Plasmodium species has not been identified. Indicated for use in adults and children greater than 5 kg. |
| DB06726 | Bufuralol | Not Available |
| DB06814 | Protokylol | Not Available |
| DB08807 | Bopindolol | For the management of hypertension, edema, ventricular tachycardias, and atrial fibrillation. |
| DB08808 | Bupranolol | Used to manage hypertension and tachycardia. Also used to treat glaucoma. |
| DB08868 | Fingolimod | Fingolimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis to reduce the frequency of clinical exacerbations and to delay the accumulation of physical disability. |
| DB08941 | Isoxsuprine | Not Available |
| DB08952 | Indenolol | Not Available |
| DB08985 | Etilefrine | Not Available |
| DB09013 | Befunolol | Used in the management of open angle glaucoma. PMID: 12480285. |
| DB09031 | Miltefosine | For the treatment of mucosal (caused by Leishmania braziliensis), cutaneous (caused by L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis, and L. panamensis), and visceral leishmaniasis (caused by L. donovani). In comparing Leishmania drug susceptibility, it has been found that L. donovani is the most susceptible to miltefosine while L. major is the least susceptible. Off-label use includes treatment of free-living amebae (FLA) infections (unlabeled use; CDC, 2013). |
| DB09203 | Synephrine | Not Available |
| DB09204 | Arotinolol | Artinolol was introduced to be used as an antihypertensive agent since 1986.[T88] It has been studied for other functions like tremor control for patients with Parkinson disease and it is currently in clinical trials for its use in the control of blood pressure and heart rate.[L1168] |
| DB11124 | Racepinephrine | Indicated for temporary relief of mild symptoms of intermittent asthma. |
| DB11587 | Etafedrine | Conditions characterized by bronchial congestion and bronchospasm when an expectorant or bronchodilator action is required, such as acute bronchitis, acute episodes of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma [L2565], [L2566]. |
| DB11610 | Oxilofrine | Used in combination with [DB11609] as an antitussive [FDA Label]. |
| DB11770 | Talinolol | Not Available |
| DB11924 | Safingol | Not Available |
| DB12248 | Tulobuterol | Not Available |
| DB12608 | Emixustat | Not Available |
| DB12752 | Bucindolol | Not Available |
| DB12803 | Dichloroisoproterenol | Not Available |
| DB12846 | Reproterol | Not Available |
| DB12926 | Cafedrine | Not Available |
| DB12927 | Theodrenaline | Not Available |
| DB13139 | Levosalbutamol | Indicated for the management of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, also known as chronic obstructive lung disease) and asthma. |
| DB13206 | Bamethan | Not Available |
| DB13251 | Octopamine | Not Available |
| DB13297 | Idrocilamide | Not Available |
| DB13316 | Ibopamine | Not Available |
| DB13340 | Suloctidil | Not Available |
| DB13352 | Deanol | Not Available |
| DB13353 | Viminol | Not Available |
| DB13378 | Norfenefrine | Not Available |
| DB13394 | Adrenalone | Not Available |
| DB13398 | Oxyfedrine | Not Available |
| DB13494 | Dimetofrine | Not Available |
| DB13508 | Cloranolol | Not Available |
| DB13530 | Mepindolol | Not Available |
| DB13574 | Heptaminol | Not Available |
| DB13625 | Carbuterol | Not Available |
| DB13719 | Trolnitrate | Not Available |
| DB13747 | Trolamine | Trolamine is used as an alkalizing agent, surfactant, and counter-ion in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations [A27174]. It is not considered to be an active pharmacological ingredient and so has no official indication. |
| DB13757 | Epanolol | Not Available |
| DB13775 | Tertatolol | Not Available |
| DB13777 | Prenalterol | Not Available |
| DB13781 | Xamoterol | Not Available |
| DB13917 | Deoxyepinephrine | Not Available |
| DB14006 | Choline salicylate | The oral gel is indicated for the relief of pain and discomfort of common mouth ulcers, cold sores, denture sore spots, infant teething and mouth ulcers, and sore spots due to orthodontic devices in children [L2135].
|
| DB14018 | Bromotheophylline | Bromotheophylline is used as a diuretic and also, in combination with [DB00316], it is used for the relief of temporary water weight gain, bloating, swelling and full feeling associated with the premenstrual and menstrual periods.[L2737] |
| DB14043 | Palmidrol | Not Available |
| DB14119 | Phytosphingosine | Not Available |
| DB03322 | Dexpropranolol | Not Available |
| DB12153 | Citicoline | Not Available |
| DB00404 | Alprazolam | Alprazolam is indicated for the management of anxiety disorder, anxiety associated with depression, panic disorder, and panic disorder with agoraphobia.[Label] Alprazolam may also be prescribed off label for insomnia, premenstrual syndrome, and depression.[A177973] |