Taurocholic acid

Identification

Generic Name
Taurocholic acid
DrugBank Accession Number
DB04348
Background

The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Experimental
Structure
Weight
Average: 515.703
Monoisotopic: 515.291673489
Chemical Formula
C26H45NO7S
Synonyms
Not Available

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
UBile salt-activated lipaseNot AvailableHumans
UBile acid receptorNot AvailableHumans
UGastrotropin
ligand
Humans
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Zellweger SyndromeDisease
Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type IIDisease
27-Hydroxylase DeficiencyDisease
Bile Acid BiosynthesisMetabolic
Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX)Disease
Familial Hypercholanemia (FHCA)Disease
Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type IIIDisease
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbciximabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Abciximab is combined with Taurocholic acid.
AbemaciclibTaurocholic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Abemaciclib which could result in a higher serum level.
AcamprosateThe excretion of Acamprosate can be decreased when combined with Taurocholic acid.
AcenocoumarolThe risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Acenocoumarol is combined with Taurocholic acid.
AcetazolamideThe excretion of Taurocholic acid can be decreased when combined with Acetazolamide.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Sodium taurocholateM6N3TH81NO145-42-6JAJWGJBVLPIOOH-IZYKLYLVSA-M
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AcidobylSodium taurocholate (120 mg) + Dehydrocholic acid (120 mg) + Docusate sodium (60 mg) + Homatropine methylbromide (0.5 mg)TabletOralDesbergers LtÉe, Division Of Technilab Inc.1951-12-311999-09-17Canada flag
Aid-lax TabSodium taurocholate (60 mg / tab) + Alloin (12 mg / tab) + Frangula purshiana bark (30 mg / tab) + Phenolphthalein (100 mg / tab)TabletOralNobel Pharm Enr.1989-12-311997-07-31Canada flag
AlsilineSodium taurocholate (60 mg / tab) + Alloin (12 mg / tab) + Frangula purshiana bark (30 mg / tab) + Phenolphthalein (100 mg / tab)TabletOralAlsi Cie Ltee1978-12-311997-08-08Canada flag
Bicholate LilasSodium taurocholate (60 mg) + Aloe vera leaf (12 mg) + Bisacodyl (5 mg) + Frangula purshiana bark (30 mg)TabletOralSabex Inc1998-10-282009-11-24Canada flag
Bicholate Lilas TabSodium taurocholate (60 mg) + Alloin (12 mg) + Frangula purshiana bark (30 mg) + Phenolphthalein (100 mg)TabletOralSabex Inc1991-12-311997-10-10Canada flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as trihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives. These are prenol lipids structurally characterized by a bile acid or alcohol which bears three hydroxyl groups.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Steroids and steroid derivatives
Sub Class
Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
Direct Parent
Trihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
Alternative Parents
7-hydroxysteroids / 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids / 12-hydroxysteroids / Sulfonyls / Organosulfonic acids / Alkanesulfonic acids / Secondary alcohols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives / Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds / Polyols
show 5 more
Substituents
12-hydroxysteroid / 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid / 3-hydroxysteroid / 7-hydroxysteroid / Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Alkanesulfonic acid / Carboximidic acid / Carboximidic acid derivative / Cyclic alcohol
show 18 more
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
amino sulfonic acid, bile acid taurine conjugate (CHEBI:28865) / Taurine conjugates (LMST05040001)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
5E090O0G3Z
CAS number
81-24-3
InChI Key
WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-HZAMXZRMSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C26H45NO7S/c1-15(4-7-23(31)27-10-11-35(32,33)34)18-5-6-19-24-20(14-22(30)26(18,19)3)25(2)9-8-17(28)12-16(25)13-21(24)29/h15-22,24,28-30H,4-14H2,1-3H3,(H,27,31)(H,32,33,34)/t15-,16+,17-,18-,19+,20+,21-,22+,24+,25+,26-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
2-[(4R)-4-[(1R,3aS,3bR,4R,5aS,7R,9aS,9bS,11S,11aR)-4,7,11-trihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]pentanamido]ethane-1-sulfonic acid
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])[C@H](O)C[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@H](O)[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O

References

General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0000036
KEGG Compound
C05122
PubChem Compound
6675
PubChem Substance
46508273
ChemSpider
6423
BindingDB
50375594
ChEBI
28865
ChEMBL
CHEMBL224867
ZINC
ZINC000008214684
PDBe Ligand
TCH
Wikipedia
Taurocholic_acid
PDB Entries
1aql / 1o1v / 2azz / 2dr0 / 3hgy / 3qqa / 3zux / 3zuy / 6p4k / 6pxa
show 5 more

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Tablet, delayed releaseOral
TabletOral
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)125 dec °CPhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0771 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.79ALOGPS
logP-0.24Chemaxon
logS-3.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)-0.88Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.053Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count7Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count5Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area144.16 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count7Chemaxon
Refractivity132.19 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability57.35 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings4Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9774
Blood Brain Barrier+0.8416
Caco-2 permeable-0.8957
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.5136
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.6229
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.7598
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8476
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7519
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.7972
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.654
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.7814
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8625
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8685
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8426
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8612
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.7175
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.6103
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.5359
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.972
Rat acute toxicity2.0310 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.706
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Inhibitor0.5549
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0000090000-911b2f8adf5d8a253a26
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0000090000-229891181661857b574b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0000090000-e3b432e2a36b91fb1106
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0000090000-afa59839c0e5c1b1f875
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0000090000-b29692cfc9f66c4205c5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0gvk-0019610000-6cd348047dc06e3abb7e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0010390000-b424218e255bf3091fda
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0191200000-4fddfc0190213d6555ee
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-08i9-0590000000-c210cb519c7e4192622e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0w29-0900000000-42467048740170d1f693
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0000940000-6c3a6cb6cef0d74f2139
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00l2-0000950000-8d9fe0c6be9a731263bb
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0gc1-3263930000-dda1eaa4d617094c7a89
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0000190000-be855dd1cc0e844845f0
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03e9-7200690000-39e880c307ef444d79e2
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0gx1-2889400000-55d4bc2eab6ec0633525
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-9506400000-e159da0a94e5874136df
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-221.779288
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-216.95654
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+219.560288
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+218.68025
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+219.602288
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+225.00923
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Triglyceride lipase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes fat and vitamin absorption. Acts in concert with pancreatic lipase and colipase for the complete digestion of dietary triglycerides.
Gene Name
CEL
Uniprot ID
P19835
Uniprot Name
Bile salt-activated lipase
Molecular Weight
79320.93 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor for bile acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid. Represses the transcription of the cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxyla...
Gene Name
NR1H4
Uniprot ID
Q96RI1
Uniprot Name
Bile acid receptor
Molecular Weight
55913.915 Da
References
  1. Dullens SP, Mensink RP, Mariman EC, Plat J: Differentiated CaCo-2 cells as an in-vitro model to evaluate de-novo apolipoprotein A-I production in the small intestine. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Jun;21(6):642-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
Curator comments
Gastrotropin, or ileal bile acid-binding protein (IBABP), binds bile acids and is involved in the trans-enterocyte shuttle of bile acids.
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Ileal protein which stimulates gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion. Seems to be able to bind to bile salts and bilirubins. Isoform 2 is essential for the survival of colon cancer cells to bile ac...
Gene Name
FABP6
Uniprot ID
P51161
Uniprot Name
Gastrotropin
Molecular Weight
14371.245 Da
References
  1. Ethanic M, Stanimirov B, Pavlovic N, Golocorbin-Kon S, Al-Salami H, Stankov K, Mikov M: Pharmacological Applications of Bile Acids and Their Derivatives in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Dec 3;9:1382. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01382. eCollection 2018. [Article]
  2. Kurz M, Brachvogel V, Matter H, Stengelin S, Thuring H, Kramer W: Insights into the bile acid transportation system: the human ileal lipid-binding protein-cholyltaurine complex and its comparison with homologous structures. Proteins. 2003 Feb 1;50(2):312-28. [Article]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inducer
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
Gene Name
ABCB11
Uniprot ID
O95342
Uniprot Name
Bile salt export pump
Molecular Weight
146405.83 Da
References
  1. Hartmann G, Cheung AK, Piquette-Miller M: Inflammatory cytokines, but not bile acids, regulate expression of murine hepatic anion transporters in endotoxemia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):273-81. [Article]
  2. Wolters H, Elzinga BM, Baller JF, Boverhof R, Schwarz M, Stieger B, Verkade HJ, Kuipers F: Effects of bile salt flux variations on the expression of hepatic bile salt transporters in vivo in mice. J Hepatol. 2002 Nov;37(5):556-63. [Article]
  3. Byrne JA, Strautnieks SS, Mieli-Vergani G, Higgins CF, Linton KJ, Thompson RJ: The human bile salt export pump: characterization of substrate specificity and identification of inhibitors. Gastroenterology. 2002 Nov;123(5):1649-58. [Article]
  4. Noe J, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ, St-Pierre MV: Characterization of the mouse bile salt export pump overexpressed in the baculovirus system. Hepatology. 2001 May;33(5):1223-31. [Article]
  5. Mendoza ME, Monte MJ, Serrano MA, Pastor-Anglada M, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Medarde M, Marin JJ: Physiological characteristics of allo-cholic acid. J Lipid Res. 2003 Jan;44(1):84-92. [Article]
  6. Green RM, Hoda F, Ward KL: Molecular cloning and characterization of the murine bile salt export pump. Gene. 2000 Jan 4;241(1):117-23. [Article]
  7. Lecureur V, Sun D, Hargrove P, Schuetz EG, Kim RB, Lan LB, Schuetz JD: Cloning and expression of murine sister of P-glycoprotein reveals a more discriminating transporter than MDR1/P-glycoprotein. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Jan;57(1):24-35. [Article]
  8. Gerloff T, Stieger B, Hagenbuch B, Madon J, Landmann L, Roth J, Hofmann AF, Meier PJ: The sister of P-glycoprotein represents the canalicular bile salt export pump of mammalian liver. J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 17;273(16):10046-50. [Article]
  9. Funk C, Pantze M, Jehle L, Ponelle C, Scheuermann G, Lazendic M, Gasser R: Troglitazone-induced intrahepatic cholestasis by an interference with the hepatobiliary export of bile acids in male and female rats. Correlation with the gender difference in troglitazone sulfate formation and the inhibition of the canalicular bile salt export pump (Bsep) by troglitazone and troglitazone sulfate. Toxicology. 2001 Oct 5;167(1):83-98. [Article]
  10. Akita H, Suzuki H, Ito K, Kinoshita S, Sato N, Takikawa H, Sugiyama Y: Characterization of bile acid transport mediated by multidrug resistance associated protein 2 and bile salt export pump. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Mar 9;1511(1):7-16. [Article]
  11. Madon J, Hagenbuch B, Landmann L, Meier PJ, Stieger B: Transport function and hepatocellular localization of mrp6 in rat liver. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Mar;57(3):634-41. [Article]
  12. Mita S, Suzuki H, Akita H, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Hofmann AF, Sugiyama Y: Vectorial transport of bile salts across MDCK cells expressing both rat Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide and rat bile salt export pump. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Jan;288(1):G159-67. Epub 2004 Aug 5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
Inducer
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
Gene Name
ABCC1
Uniprot ID
P33527
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Molecular Weight
171589.5 Da
References
  1. Hartmann G, Cheung AK, Piquette-Miller M: Inflammatory cytokines, but not bile acids, regulate expression of murine hepatic anion transporters in endotoxemia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):273-81. [Article]
  2. Heijn M, Hooijberg JH, Scheffer GL, Szabo G, Westerhoff HV, Lankelma J: Anthracyclines modulate multidrug resistance protein (MRP) mediated organic anion transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 May 22;1326(1):12-22. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
Inducer
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibit...
Gene Name
SLCO1A2
Uniprot ID
P46721
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
Molecular Weight
74144.105 Da
References
  1. Hartmann G, Cheung AK, Piquette-Miller M: Inflammatory cytokines, but not bile acids, regulate expression of murine hepatic anion transporters in endotoxemia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):273-81. [Article]
  2. Wolters H, Elzinga BM, Baller JF, Boverhof R, Schwarz M, Stieger B, Verkade HJ, Kuipers F: Effects of bile salt flux variations on the expression of hepatic bile salt transporters in vivo in mice. J Hepatol. 2002 Nov;37(5):556-63. [Article]
  3. van Montfoort JE, Muller M, Groothuis GM, Meijer DK, Koepsell H, Meier PJ: Comparison of "type I" and "type II" organic cation transport by organic cation transporters and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):110-5. [Article]
  4. Kullak-Ublick GA, Hagenbuch B, Stieger B, Schteingart CD, Hofmann AF, Wolkoff AW, Meier PJ: Molecular and functional characterization of an organic anion transporting polypeptide cloned from human liver. Gastroenterology. 1995 Oct;109(4):1274-82. [Article]
  5. Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Shitara Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Sekine T, Endou H, Suzuki H, Sugiyama Y: Characterization of the efflux transport of 17beta-estradiol-D-17beta-glucuronide from the brain across the blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):316-22. [Article]
  6. Kullak-Ublick GA, Hagenbuch B, Stieger B, Wolkoff AW, Meier PJ: Functional characterization of the basolateral rat liver organic anion transporting polypeptide. Hepatology. 1994 Aug;20(2):411-6. [Article]
  7. Kanai N, Lu R, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Schuster VL: Transient expression of oatp organic anion transporter in mammalian cells: identification of candidate substrates. Am J Physiol. 1996 Feb;270(2 Pt 2):F319-25. [Article]
  8. Bossuyt X, Muller M, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ: Polyspecific drug and steroid clearance by an organic anion transporter of mammalian liver. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Mar;276(3):891-6. [Article]
  9. Kontaxi M, Echkardt U, Hagenbuch B, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Petzinger E: Uptake of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A in liver cells occurs via the cloned organic anion transporting polypeptide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Dec;279(3):1507-13. [Article]
  10. Li L, Lee TK, Meier PJ, Ballatori N: Identification of glutathione as a driving force and leukotriene C4 as a substrate for oatp1, the hepatic sinusoidal organic solute transporter. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jun 26;273(26):16184-91. [Article]
  11. Pang KS, Wang PJ, Chung AY, Wolkoff AW: The modified dipeptide, enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is transported by the rat liver organic anion transport protein. Hepatology. 1998 Nov;28(5):1341-6. [Article]
  12. van Montfoort JE, Stieger B, Meijer DK, Weinmann HJ, Meier PJ, Fattinger KE: Hepatic uptake of the magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent gadoxetate by the organic anion transporting polypeptide Oatp1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(1):153-7. [Article]
  13. Hsiang B, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Wu Y, Sasseville V, Yang WP, Kirchgessner TG: A novel human hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP2). Identification of a liver-specific human organic anion transporting polypeptide and identification of rat and human hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor transporters. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):37161-8. [Article]
  14. Kullak-Ublick GA, Beuers U, Paumgartner G: Molecular and functional characterization of bile acid transport in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Hepatology. 1996 May;23(5):1053-60. [Article]
  15. Hagenbuch B, Adler ID, Schmid TE: Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the mouse organic-anion-transporting polypeptide 1 (Oatp1) and mapping of the gene to chromosome X. Biochem J. 2000 Jan 1;345 Pt 1:115-20. [Article]
  16. Mendoza ME, Monte MJ, Serrano MA, Pastor-Anglada M, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Medarde M, Marin JJ: Physiological characteristics of allo-cholic acid. J Lipid Res. 2003 Jan;44(1):84-92. [Article]
  17. Lee TK, Koh AS, Cui Z, Pierce RH, Ballatori N: N-glycosylation controls functional activity of Oatp1, an organic anion transporter. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Aug;285(2):G371-81. Epub 2003 Apr 17. [Article]
  18. Hata S, Wang P, Eftychiou N, Ananthanarayanan M, Batta A, Salen G, Pang KS, Wolkoff AW: Substrate specificities of rat oatp1 and ntcp: implications for hepatic organic anion uptake. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Nov;285(5):G829-39. Epub 2003 Jul 3. [Article]
  19. Kanai N, Lu R, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Vore M, Schuster VL: Estradiol 17 beta-D-glucuronide is a high-affinity substrate for oatp organic anion transporter. Am J Physiol. 1996 Feb;270(2 Pt 2):F326-31. [Article]
  20. Satlin LM, Amin V, Wolkoff AW: Organic anion transporting polypeptide mediates organic anion/HCO3- exchange. J Biol Chem. 1997 Oct 17;272(42):26340-5. [Article]
  21. Kouzuki H, Suzuki H, Ito K, Ohashi R, Sugiyama Y: Contribution of organic anion transporting polypeptide to uptake of its possible substrates into rat hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Feb;288(2):627-34. [Article]
  22. Eckhardt U, Schroeder A, Stieger B, Hochli M, Landmann L, Tynes R, Meier PJ, Hagenbuch B: Polyspecific substrate uptake by the hepatic organic anion transporter Oatp1 in stably transfected CHO cells. Am J Physiol. 1999 Apr;276(4 Pt 1):G1037-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inducer
General Function
Bile acid:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function
Plays a critical role in the sodium-dependent reabsorption of bile acids from the lumen of the small intestine. Plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism.
Gene Name
SLC10A2
Uniprot ID
Q12908
Uniprot Name
Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter
Molecular Weight
37713.405 Da
References
  1. Wolters H, Elzinga BM, Baller JF, Boverhof R, Schwarz M, Stieger B, Verkade HJ, Kuipers F: Effects of bile salt flux variations on the expression of hepatic bile salt transporters in vivo in mice. J Hepatol. 2002 Nov;37(5):556-63. [Article]
  2. Hallen S, Bjorquist A, Ostlund-Lindqvist AM, Sachs G: Identification of a region of the ileal-type sodium/bile acid cotransporter interacting with a competitive bile acid transport inhibitor. Biochemistry. 2002 Dec 17;41(50):14916-24. [Article]
  3. Nozawa T, Imai K, Nezu J, Tsuji A, Tamai I: Functional characterization of pH-sensitive organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B in human. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Feb;308(2):438-45. Epub 2003 Nov 10. [Article]
  4. Craddock AL, Love MW, Daniel RW, Kirby LC, Walters HC, Wong MH, Dawson PA: Expression and transport properties of the human ileal and renal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. Am J Physiol. 1998 Jan;274(1 Pt 1):G157-69. [Article]
  5. Saeki T, Matoba K, Furukawa H, Kirifuji K, Kanamoto R, Iwami K: Characterization, cDNA cloning, and functional expression of mouse ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. J Biochem. 1999 Apr;125(4):846-51. [Article]
  6. Saeki T, Takahashi N, Kanamoto R, Iwami K: Characterization of cloned mouse Na+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide by transient expression in COS-7 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2002 May;66(5):1116-8. [Article]
  7. Lazaridis KN, Tietz P, Wu T, Kip S, Dawson PA, LaRusso NF: Alternative splicing of the rat sodium/bile acid transporter changes its cellular localization and transport properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Sep 26;97(20):11092-7. [Article]
  8. Walters HC, Craddock AL, Fusegawa H, Willingham MC, Dawson PA: Expression, transport properties, and chromosomal location of organic anion transporter subtype 3. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2000 Dec;279(6):G1188-200. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter.
Gene Name
ABCC2
Uniprot ID
Q92887
Uniprot Name
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
Molecular Weight
174205.64 Da
References
  1. Hartmann G, Cheung AK, Piquette-Miller M: Inflammatory cytokines, but not bile acids, regulate expression of murine hepatic anion transporters in endotoxemia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):273-81. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
Inducer
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostagland...
Gene Name
SLCO1B1
Uniprot ID
Q9Y6L6
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
Molecular Weight
76447.99 Da
References
  1. Hartmann G, Cheung AK, Piquette-Miller M: Inflammatory cytokines, but not bile acids, regulate expression of murine hepatic anion transporters in endotoxemia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):273-81. [Article]
  2. Nozawa T, Tamai I, Sai Y, Nezu J, Tsuji A: Contribution of organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-C to hepatic elimination of the opioid pentapeptide analogue [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]-enkephalin. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2003 Jul;55(7):1013-20. [Article]
  3. Hsiang B, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Wu Y, Sasseville V, Yang WP, Kirchgessner TG: A novel human hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP2). Identification of a liver-specific human organic anion transporting polypeptide and identification of rat and human hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor transporters. J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):37161-8. [Article]
  4. Cui Y, Konig J, Leier I, Buchholz U, Keppler D: Hepatic uptake of bilirubin and its conjugates by the human organic anion transporter SLC21A6. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):9626-30. Epub 2000 Dec 27. [Article]
  5. Abe T, Kakyo M, Tokui T, Nakagomi R, Nishio T, Nakai D, Nomura H, Unno M, Suzuki M, Naitoh T, Matsuno S, Yawo H: Identification of a novel gene family encoding human liver-specific organic anion transporter LST-1. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):17159-63. [Article]
  6. Kullak-Ublick GA, Ismair MG, Stieger B, Landmann L, Huber R, Pizzagalli F, Fattinger K, Meier PJ, Hagenbuch B: Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
May act as an inducible transporter in the biliary and intestinal excretion of organic anions. Acts as an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocyte...
Gene Name
ABCC3
Uniprot ID
O15438
Uniprot Name
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2
Molecular Weight
169341.14 Da
References
  1. Zeng H, Chen ZS, Belinsky MG, Rea PA, Kruh GD: Transport of methotrexate (MTX) and folates by multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 3 and MRP1: effect of polyglutamylation on MTX transport. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7225-32. [Article]
  2. Zelcer N, Saeki T, Bot I, Kuil A, Borst P: Transport of bile acids in multidrug-resistance-protein 3-overexpressing cells co-transfected with the ileal Na+-dependent bile-acid transporter. Biochem J. 2003 Jan 1;369(Pt 1):23-30. [Article]
  3. Zhang DW, Gu HM, Vasa M, Muredda M, Cole SP, Deeley RG: Characterization of the role of polar amino acid residues within predicted transmembrane helix 17 in determining the substrate specificity of multidrug resistance protein 3. Biochemistry. 2003 Aug 26;42(33):9989-10000. [Article]
  4. Hirohashi T, Suzuki H, Takikawa H, Sugiyama Y: ATP-dependent transport of bile salts by rat multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (Mrp3). J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 28;275(4):2905-10. [Article]
  5. Li T, Ito K, Horie T: Transport of fluorescein methotrexate by multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 in IEC-6 cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Sep;285(3):G602-10. [Article]
  6. Akita H, Suzuki H, Hirohashi T, Takikawa H, Sugiyama Y: Transport activity of human MRP3 expressed in Sf9 cells: comparative studies with rat MRP3. Pharm Res. 2002 Jan;19(1):34-41. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
Specific Function
May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification.
Gene Name
ABCC4
Uniprot ID
O15439
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
Molecular Weight
149525.33 Da
References
  1. Zelcer N, Reid G, Wielinga P, Kuil A, van der Heijden I, Schuetz JD, Borst P: Steroid and bile acid conjugates are substrates of human multidrug-resistance protein (MRP) 4 (ATP-binding cassette C4). Biochem J. 2003 Apr 15;371(Pt 2):361-7. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
Specific Function
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
Gene Name
ABCB1
Uniprot ID
P08183
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance protein 1
Molecular Weight
141477.255 Da
References
  1. Mazzanti R, Fantappie O, Kamimoto Y, Gatmaitan Z, Gentilini P, Arias IM: Bile acid inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport in multidrug-resistant cells and rat liver canalicular membrane vesicles. Hepatology. 1994 Jul;20(1 Pt 1):170-6. [Article]
  2. Lecureur V, Sun D, Hargrove P, Schuetz EG, Kim RB, Lan LB, Schuetz JD: Cloning and expression of murine sister of P-glycoprotein reveals a more discriminating transporter than MDR1/P-glycoprotein. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Jan;57(1):24-35. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
Gene Name
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID
Q4U2R8
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 6
Molecular Weight
61815.78 Da
References
  1. Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Shitara Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Sekine T, Endou H, Suzuki H, Sugiyama Y: Characterization of the efflux transport of 17beta-estradiol-D-17beta-glucuronide from the brain across the blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):316-22. [Article]
  2. Sweet DH, Miller DS, Pritchard JB, Fujiwara Y, Beier DR, Nigam SK: Impaired organic anion transport in kidney and choroid plexus of organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3 (Slc22a8)) knockout mice. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jul 26;277(30):26934-43. Epub 2002 May 13. [Article]
  3. Sekine T, Watanabe N, Hosoyamada M, Kanai Y, Endou H: Expression cloning and characterization of a novel multispecific organic anion transporter. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jul 25;272(30):18526-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
Specific Function
ATP-dependent transporter probably involved in cellular detoxification through lipophilic anion extrusion.
Gene Name
ABCC10
Uniprot ID
Q5T3U5
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7
Molecular Weight
161627.375 Da
References
  1. Chen ZS, Hopper-Borge E, Belinsky MG, Shchaveleva I, Kotova E, Kruh GD: Characterization of the transport properties of human multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7, ABCC10). Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;63(2):351-8. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenad...
Gene Name
SLC22A8
Uniprot ID
Q8TCC7
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 8
Molecular Weight
59855.585 Da
References
  1. Cha SH, Sekine T, Fukushima JI, Kanai Y, Kobayashi Y, Goya T, Endou H: Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86. [Article]
  2. Ohtsuki S, Kikkawa T, Mori S, Hori S, Takanaga H, Otagiri M, Terasaki T: Mouse reduced in osteosclerosis transporter functions as an organic anion transporter 3 and is localized at abluminal membrane of blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Jun;309(3):1273-81. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [Article]
  3. Kusuhara H, Sekine T, Utsunomiya-Tate N, Tsuda M, Kojima R, Cha SH, Sugiyama Y, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and characterization of a new multispecific organic anion transporter from rat brain. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 7;274(19):13675-80. [Article]
  4. Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Shitara Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Sekine T, Endou H, Suzuki H, Sugiyama Y: Characterization of the efflux transport of 17beta-estradiol-D-17beta-glucuronide from the brain across the blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):316-22. [Article]
  5. Sweet DH, Miller DS, Pritchard JB, Fujiwara Y, Beier DR, Nigam SK: Impaired organic anion transport in kidney and choroid plexus of organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3 (Slc22a8)) knockout mice. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jul 26;277(30):26934-43. Epub 2002 May 13. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as the thyroid hormones T3 (triiodo-L-thyronine), T4 (thyroxine) and rT3, and of estrone-3-sulfate and taurocholate.
Gene Name
SLCO4A1
Uniprot ID
Q96BD0
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1
Molecular Weight
77192.505 Da
References
  1. Fujiwara K, Adachi H, Nishio T, Unno M, Tokui T, Okabe M, Onogawa T, Suzuki T, Asano N, Tanemoto M, Seki M, Shiiba K, Suzuki M, Kondo Y, Nunoki K, Shimosegawa T, Iinuma K, Ito S, Matsuno S, Abe T: Identification of thyroid hormone transporters in humans: different molecules are involved in a tissue-specific manner. Endocrinology. 2001 May;142(5):2005-12. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Participates in physiological processes involving bile acids, conjugated steroids and cyclic nucleotides. Enhances the cellular extrusion of cAMP and cGMP. Stimulates the ATP-dependent uptake of a ...
Gene Name
ABCC11
Uniprot ID
Q96J66
Uniprot Name
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11
Molecular Weight
154299.625 Da
References
  1. Chen ZS, Guo Y, Belinsky MG, Kotova E, Kruh GD: Transport of bile acids, sulfated steroids, estradiol 17-beta-D-glucuronide, and leukotriene C4 by human multidrug resistance protein 8 (ABCC11). Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Feb;67(2):545-57. Epub 2004 Nov 10. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent high affinity transport of organic anions such as the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and rT3. Other potential substrates, such as triiodothyronine (T3), 17-beta-gluc...
Gene Name
SLCO1C1
Uniprot ID
Q9NYB5
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1
Molecular Weight
78695.625 Da
References
  1. Tohyama K, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y: Involvement of multispecific organic anion transporter, Oatp14 (Slc21a14), in the transport of thyroxine across the blood-brain barrier. Endocrinology. 2004 Sep;145(9):4384-91. Epub 2004 May 27. [Article]
  2. Pizzagalli F, Hagenbuch B, Stieger B, Klenk U, Folkers G, Meier PJ: Identification of a novel human organic anion transporting polypeptide as a high affinity thyroxine transporter. Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Oct;16(10):2283-96. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as estrone-3-sulfate (PubMed:10873595). Mediates transport of prostaglandins (PG) E1 and E2, thyroxine (T4), deltorphin II, BQ-123 an...
Gene Name
SLCO3A1
Uniprot ID
Q9UIG8
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1
Molecular Weight
76552.135 Da
References
  1. Adachi H, Suzuki T, Abe M, Asano N, Mizutamari H, Tanemoto M, Nishio T, Onogawa T, Toyohara T, Kasai S, Satoh F, Suzuki M, Tokui T, Unno M, Shimosegawa T, Matsuno S, Ito S, Abe T: Molecular characterization of human and rat organic anion transporter OATP-D. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Dec;285(6):F1188-97. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
Specific Function
High-capacity urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. Plays a role in porphyrin homeostasis as it is able to mediates the export of protoporhyrin IX (PPIX) both fro...
Gene Name
ABCG2
Uniprot ID
Q9UNQ0
Uniprot Name
ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2
Molecular Weight
72313.47 Da
References
  1. Imai Y, Asada S, Tsukahara S, Ishikawa E, Tsuruo T, Sugimoto Y: Breast cancer resistance protein exports sulfated estrogens but not free estrogens. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;64(3):610-8. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.
Gene Name
SLCO2B1
Uniprot ID
O94956
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
Molecular Weight
76709.98 Da
References
  1. Nozawa T, Imai K, Nezu J, Tsuji A, Tamai I: Functional characterization of pH-sensitive organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B in human. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Feb;308(2):438-45. Epub 2003 Nov 10. [Article]
  2. Satoh H, Yamashita F, Tsujimoto M, Murakami H, Koyabu N, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Citrus juices inhibit the function of human organic anion-transporting polypeptide OATP-B. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):518-23. Epub 2005 Jan 7. [Article]
  3. Nishio T, Adachi H, Nakagomi R, Tokui T, Sato E, Tanemoto M, Fujiwara K, Okabe M, Onogawa T, Suzuki T, Nakai D, Shiiba K, Suzuki M, Ohtani H, Kondo Y, Unno M, Ito S, Iinuma K, Nunoki K, Matsuno S, Abe T: Molecular identification of a rat novel organic anion transporter moat1, which transports prostaglandin D(2), leukotriene C(4), and taurocholate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Sep 7;275(3):831-8. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Symporter activity
Specific Function
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucin...
Gene Name
SLC16A1
Uniprot ID
P53985
Uniprot Name
Monocarboxylate transporter 1
Molecular Weight
53943.685 Da
References
  1. Tamai I, Sai Y, Ono A, Kido Y, Yabuuchi H, Takanaga H, Satoh E, Ogihara T, Amano O, Izeki S, Tsuji A: Immunohistochemical and functional characterization of pH-dependent intestinal absorption of weak organic acids by the monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT1. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;51(10):1113-21. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Virus receptor activity
Specific Function
The hepatic sodium/bile acid uptake system exhibits broad substrate specificity and transports various non-bile acid organic compounds as well. It is strictly dependent on the extracellular presenc...
Gene Name
SLC10A1
Uniprot ID
Q14973
Uniprot Name
Sodium/bile acid cotransporter
Molecular Weight
38118.64 Da
References
  1. Mendoza ME, Monte MJ, Serrano MA, Pastor-Anglada M, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Medarde M, Marin JJ: Physiological characteristics of allo-cholic acid. J Lipid Res. 2003 Jan;44(1):84-92. [Article]
  2. Hata S, Wang P, Eftychiou N, Ananthanarayanan M, Batta A, Salen G, Pang KS, Wolkoff AW: Substrate specificities of rat oatp1 and ntcp: implications for hepatic organic anion uptake. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Nov;285(5):G829-39. Epub 2003 Jul 3. [Article]
  3. Mita S, Suzuki H, Akita H, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Hofmann AF, Sugiyama Y: Vectorial transport of bile salts across MDCK cells expressing both rat Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide and rat bile salt export pump. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Jan;288(1):G159-67. Epub 2004 Aug 5. [Article]
  4. Boyer JL, Ng OC, Ananthanarayanan M, Hofmann AF, Schteingart CD, Hagenbuch B, Stieger B, Meier PJ: Expression and characterization of a functional rat liver Na+ bile acid cotransport system in COS-7 cells. Am J Physiol. 1994 Mar;266(3 Pt 1):G382-7. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Essential component of the Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex, a heterodimer that acts as the intestinal basolateral transporter responsible for bile acid export from enterocytes into portal blood. Efficie...
Gene Name
SLC51A
Uniprot ID
Q86UW1
Uniprot Name
Organic solute transporter subunit alpha
Molecular Weight
37734.575 Da
References
  1. Seward DJ, Koh AS, Boyer JL, Ballatori N: Functional complementation between a novel mammalian polygenic transport complex and an evolutionarily ancient organic solute transporter, OSTalpha-OSTbeta. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 25;278(30):27473-82. Epub 2003 Apr 28. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Essential component of the Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex, a heterodimer that acts as the intestinal basolateral transporter responsible for bile acid export from enterocytes into portal blood. Efficie...
Gene Name
SLC51B
Uniprot ID
Q86UW2
Uniprot Name
Organic solute transporter subunit beta
Molecular Weight
14346.195 Da
References
  1. Seward DJ, Koh AS, Boyer JL, Ballatori N: Functional complementation between a novel mammalian polygenic transport complex and an evolutionarily ancient organic solute transporter, OSTalpha-OSTbeta. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 25;278(30):27473-82. Epub 2003 Apr 28. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, taurocholate, triiodothyronine (T3), leukotriene C4, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), methotre...
Gene Name
SLCO1B3
Uniprot ID
Q9NPD5
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3
Molecular Weight
77402.175 Da
References
  1. Cui Y, Konig J, Leier I, Buchholz U, Keppler D: Hepatic uptake of bilirubin and its conjugates by the human organic anion transporter SLC21A6. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):9626-30. Epub 2000 Dec 27. [Article]
  2. Kullak-Ublick GA, Ismair MG, Stieger B, Landmann L, Huber R, Pizzagalli F, Fattinger K, Meier PJ, Hagenbuch B: Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33. [Article]
  3. Abe T, Unno M, Onogawa T, Tokui T, Kondo TN, Nakagomi R, Adachi H, Fujiwara K, Okabe M, Suzuki T, Nunoki K, Sato E, Kakyo M, Nishio T, Sugita J, Asano N, Tanemoto M, Seki M, Date F, Ono K, Kondo Y, Shiiba K, Suzuki M, Ohtani H, Shimosegawa T, Iinuma K, Nagura H, Ito S, Matsuno S: LST-2, a human liver-specific organic anion transporter, determines methotrexate sensitivity in gastrointestinal cancers. Gastroenterology. 2001 Jun;120(7):1689-99. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Cystine:glutamate antiporter activity
Specific Function
Sodium-independent, high-affinity exchange of anionic amino acids with high specificity for anionic form of cystine and glutamate.
Gene Name
SLC7A11
Uniprot ID
Q9UPY5
Uniprot Name
Cystine/glutamate transporter
Molecular Weight
55422.44 Da
References
  1. Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ: Molecular cloning, chromosomal localization, and functional characterization of a human liver Na+/bile acid cotransporter. J Clin Invest. 1994 Mar;93(3):1326-31. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52