| DB00345 | Aminohippuric acid | Used to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and to determine the functional capacity of the tubular excretory mechanism. |
| DB03553 | Glutaric Acid | Not Available |
| DB00787 | Acyclovir | For the treatment and management of herpes zoster (shingles), genital herpes, and chickenpox. |
| DB00917 | Dinoprostone | For the termination of pregnancy during the second trimester (from the 12th through the 20th gestational week as calculated from the first day of the last normal menstrual period), as well as for evacuation of the uterine contents in the management of missed abortion or intrauterine fetal death up to 28 weeks of gestational age as calculated from the first day of the last normal menstrual period. Also used in the management of nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease (benign hydatidiform mole). Other indications include improving the cervical inducibility (cervical "ripening") in pregnant women at or near term with a medical or obstetrical need for labor induction, and the management of postpartum hemorrhage. |
| DB01327 | Cefazolin | Mainly used to treat bacterial infections of the skin. It can also be used to treat moderately severe bacterial infections involving the lung, bone, joint, stomach, blood, heart valve, and urinary tract. It is clinically effective against infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci species of Gram positive bacteria. May be used for surgical prophylaxis; if required metronidazole may be added to cover B. fragilis. |
| DB00563 | Methotrexate | Methotrexate is indicated in the treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma, chorioadenoma destruens and hydatidiform mole. In acute lymphocytic leukemia, methotrexate is indicated in the prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia and is used in maintenance therapy in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Methotrexate is also indicated in the treatment of meningeal leukemia. Methotrexate is used alone or in combination with other anticancer agents in the treatment of breast cancer, epidermoid cancers of the head and neck, advanced mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma), and lung cancer, particularly squamous cell and small cell types. Methotrexate is also used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of advanced stage non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Methotrexate is indicated in the symptomatic control of severe, recalcitrant, disabling psoriasis. Methotrexate is indicated in the management of selected adults with severe, active rheumatoid arthritis (ACR criteria), or children with active polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. |
| DB00567 | Cephalexin | Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of certain infections caused by susceptible bacteria.[Label,L6550,L6553] These infections include respiratory tract infections, otitis media, skin and skin structure infections, bone infections, and genitourinary tract infections.[Label,L6550,L6553] |
| DB04348 | Taurocholic Acid | Not Available |
| DB00286 | Conjugated estrogens | The conjugated estrogens are indicated for several different conditions including:
- Treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms due to menopause.
- Treatment of moderate to severe symptoms of vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause.
- Treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration or primary ovarian failure.
- Palliative treatment of breast cancer in appropriately selected patients with metastatic disease.
- Palliative treatment of androgen-dependent carcinoma of the prostate.
- Preventive therapy of postmenopausal osteoporosis.[A38238] |
| DB02527 | Cyclic adenosine monophosphate | Not Available |
| DB01414 | Cefacetrile | Cefacetrile is a broad-spectrum first generation cephalosporin antibiotic effective in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections. |
| DB00300 | Tenofovir disoproxil | Tenofovir is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the management of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. It is also indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older [FDA label]. This drug is also a component of multiple products used for the management of HIV-1 infection [F3418], [F3421].
Safety and effectiveness of tenofovir disoproxil in pediatric patients younger than 2 years of age has not been established to this date [FDA label]. |
| DB00501 | Cimetidine | For the treatment and the management of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, heartburn, and acid indigestion. |
| DB01053 | Benzylpenicillin | For use in the treatment of severe infections caused by penicillin G-susceptible microorganisms when rapid and high penicillin levels are required such as in the treatment of septicemia, meningitis, pericarditis, endocarditis and severe pneumonia. |
| DB00655 | Estrone | For management of perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms. |
| DB00175 | Pravastatin | Pravastatin is indicated for primary prevention of coronary events hypercholesterolemic patients without clinical evidence of coronary heart disease. Its use includes the reduction of risk on myocardial infarction, undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures and cardiovascular mortality.[T274]
As well, pravastatin can be used as a secondary prevention agent for cardiovascular events in patients with clinically evident coronary heart disease. This indication includes the reduction of risk of total mortality by reducing coronary death, myocardial infarction, undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures, stroke, and stroke/transient ischemic attack as well as to slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.[T274]
The term cardiovascular events correspond to all the incidents that can produce damage to the heart muscle including the interruption of blood flow.[L6028]
As adjunctive therapy to diet, pravastatin is used in:
- Patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemias including hyperlipidemia type IIa and IIb.
- Patients with elevated serum triglycerides including type IV hyperlipidemia.
- Patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in patients over 8 years of age with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol higher than 190 mg/dl after diet modifications or LDL levels higher than 160 mg/dl and familial history of premature cardiovascular diseases or at least two cardiovascular risk factors.[T274]
In patients that do not respond adequately to diet, pravastatin is used to treat patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (type III hyperlipidemia).[T274]
Dyslipidemia is defined as an elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides or both as well as to the presence of low levels of high-density lipoprotein. This condition represents an increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis.[L6025] |
| DB00887 | Bumetanide | For the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic and renal disease including the nephrotic syndrome. |
| DB01197 | Captopril | For the treatment of essential or renovascular hypertension (usually administered with other drugs, particularly thiazide diuretics). May be used to treat congestive heart failure in combination with other drugs (e.g. cardiac glycosides, diuretics, β-adrenergic blockers). May improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction. May be used to treat nephropathy, including diabetic nephropathy. |
| DB00833 | Cefaclor | For the treatment of certain infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia and ear, lung, skin, throat, and urinary tract infections. |
| DB00535 | Cefdinir | For the treatment of the respiratory, skin, soft tissue, and ENT infections caused by H. influenzae (including b-lactamase producing strains), H. parainfluenzae (including b-lactamase producing strains), S. pneumoniae (penicillin-susceptible strains), S. pyogenes, S. aureus (including b-lactamase producing strains), and M. catarrhalis. |
| DB00229 | Cefotiam | For treatment of severe infections caused by susceptible bacteria. |
| DB01415 | Ceftibuten | Indicated for the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB), acute bacterial otitis media, pharyngitis, and tonsilitis. |
| DB01332 | Ceftizoxime | For the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of microorganisms. |
| DB09008 | Cefaloridine | Not Available |
| DB02659 | Cholic Acid | Oral cholic acid is indicated for: treatment of bile acid synthesis disorders due to single enzyme defects; and as adjunctive treatment of peroxisomal disorders including Zellweger spectrum disorders in patients who exhibit manifestations of liver disease, steatorrhea or complications from decreased fat soluble vitamin absorption. |
| DB00741 | Hydrocortisone | For the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Also used to treat endocrine (hormonal) disorders (adrenal insufficiency, Addisons disease). It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders, such as arthritis, lupus, severe psoriasis, severe asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. |
| DB12243 | Edaravone | Indicated for improving neurological symptoms and damage from acute ischemic stroke and delaying disease progression of ALS. |
| DB00783 | Estradiol | Estradiol is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms and vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause, for the treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration, or primary ovarian failure, and for the prevention of post-menopausal osteoarthritis. It is also used for the treatment of breast cancer (for palliation only) in appropriately selected women and men with metastatic disease, and for the treatment of advanced androgen-dependent carcinoma of the prostate (for palliation only). |
| DB00927 | Famotidine | For the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). |
| DB00950 | Fexofenadine | For management of Seasonal allergic rhinitis |
| DB00650 | Leucovorin | For the treatment of osteosarcoma (after high dose methotrexate therapy). Used to diminish the toxicity and counteract the effects of impaired methotrexate elimination and of inadvertent overdosages of folic acid antagonists, and to treat megaloblastic anemias due to folic acid deficiency. Also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil to prolong survival in the palliative treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. |
| DB00881 | Quinapril | For the treatment of hypertension and as adjunct therapy in the treatment of congestive heart failure. May also be used to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy. |
| DB00863 | Ranitidine | This drug is used alone or with concomitant antacids for the following conditions [FDA label]:
**Duodenal ulcer**
Treatment of active duodenal ulcer (short-term), maintenance therapy of duodenal ulcers after healing (reduced dose)
**Pathological hypersecretion of gastric acid**
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, systemic mastocytosis, and other conditions causing gastric acid hypersecretion
**Gastric ulcer**
Short term treatment of active gastric ulcer (benign), maintenance of healing after gastric acid ulcer therapy (reduced dose)
**Other conditions**:
Treatment of GERD symptoms (symptoms usually improve within 24 hours), treatment of erosive esophagitis (endoscopically diagnosed) and maintenance of healing [FDA label]
|
| DB01098 | Rosuvastatin | Used as an adjunct to dietary therapy to treat primary hyperlipidemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial), mixed dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Also indicated for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering therapies or when other such therapies are not available. Furthermore, it is used to slow the progression of atherosclerosis and for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. |
| DB01261 | Sitagliptin | Sitagliptin is indicated for the management of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus along with diet and exercise[Label]. |
| DB00759 | Tetracycline | Used to treat bacterial infections such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, tick fevers, Q fever, rickettsialpox and Brill-Zinsser disease. May be used to treat infections caused by Chlamydiae spp., B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease), and upper respiratory infections caused by typical (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis) and atypical organisms (C. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila). May also be used to treat acne. Tetracycline may be an alternative drug for people who are allergic to penicillin. |
| DB00577 | Valaciclovir | Valacyclovir is a nucleoside analog DNA polymerase inhibitor indicated for [FDA label]:
**Adults**
• Cold Sores (Herpes Labialis)
• Genital Herpes
• Treatment of genital herpes lesions in immunocompetent patients (initial or recurrent episode)
• Suppression of genital herpes lesions in immunocompetent or HIV-infected patients
• Reduction of viral transmission
• Herpes Zoster
**Pediatric Patients**
• Cold Sores (Herpes Labialis)
• Chickenpox
**Limitations of use** [FDA label]
The efficacy and safety of valacyclovir have not been established in immunocompromised patients other than for the suppression of genital herpes in HIV-infected patients.
|
| DB00495 | Zidovudine | Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections. |
| DB00328 | Indometacin | Oral indometacin is indicated for symptomatic management of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease, moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis, moderate to severe osteoarthritis, acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) and acute gouty arthritis.[A177871,Label]
Intravenous indometacin is indicated to induce closure of a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants weighing between 500 and 1750 g when after 48 hours usual medical management (e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, digitalis, respiratory support, etc.) is ineffective.[F4600] |
| DB00693 | Fluorescein | For diagnostic imaging. Primarily indicated in diagnostic fluorescein angiography or angioscopy of the fundus and of the iris vasculature. |
| DB00432 | Trifluridine | Trifluridine is used for the treatment of primay keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to herpes simplex virus, types 1 and 2 in ophthalmic solutions.
Trifluridine, in combination with tipiracil as oral tablets, is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have been previously treated with fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-VEGF biological therapy, and if RAS wild-type, an anti-EGFR therapy [FDA Label]. |
| DB08846 | Ellagic Acid | Ellagic acid is being investigated for use in follicular lymphoma, brain injury in intrauterine growth restricted babies, obese adolescents, and solar lentigines. |
| DB00155 | L-Citrulline | Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance. |
| DB00770 | Alprostadil | For palliative, not definitive, therapy to temporarily maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus until corrective or palliative surgery can be performed in neonates who have congenital heart defects and who depend upon the patent ductus for survival. Also for the treatment of erectile dysfunction due to neurogenic, vasculogenic, psychogenic, or mixed etiology. |
| DB09298 | Silibinin | Currently being tested as a treatment of severe intoxications with hepatotoxic substances, such as death cap (Amanita phalloides) poisoning. |
| DB00319 | Piperacillin | For the treatment of polymicrobial infections. |
| DB01606 | Tazobactam | Tazobactam is used in combination with piperacillin or ceftolozane to broaden the spectrum of piperacillin antibacterial action, treating susceptible infections. As with any other antibiotic, tazobactam should only be used for infections that are either proven or strongly suspected to be susceptible to the tazobactam containing drug.
**Tazobactam-piperacillin**
When combined with piperacillin, it is used to treat a variety of infections, including those caused by aerobic and facultative gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in addition to gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobes. Some examples of infections treated with piperacillin-tazobactam include cellulitis, diabetic foot infections, appendicitis, and postpartum endometritis infections.[L4417] Certain gram-negative bacilli infections with beta-lactamase producing organisms cannot be treated with piperacillin-tazobactam, due to a gene mutation conferring antibiotic resistance.[A179266]
**Tazobactam-ceftolozane**
Tazobactam-ceftolozane combined with metronidazole is used to treat complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) and complicated intra-abdominal infections, as well as ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia and hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia.[FDA label]. This combination increases efficacy against infections with gram-negative bacilli.[A7657] |
| DB00313 | Valproic Acid | **Indicated** for:[Label]
1) Use as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the management of complex partial seizures and simple or complex absence seizures.
2) Adjunctive therapy in the management of multiple seizure types that include absence seizures.
3) Prophylaxis of migraine headaches.
4) Acute management of mania associated with bipolar disorder.
**Off-label** uses include:
1) Maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder.[A177919]
2) Treatment for acute bipolar depression.[A177928,A177931,A177934]
3) Emergency treatment of status epilepticus.[A177955] |
| DB01033 | Mercaptopurine | For remission induction and maintenance therapy of acute lymphatic leukemia. |
| DB00139 | Succinic acid | For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance |
| DB03902 | Oxalic Acid | Not Available |
| DB00583 | Levocarnitine | For treatment of primary systemic carnitine deficiency, a genetic impairment of normal biosynthesis or utilization of levocarnitine from dietary sources, or for the treatment of secondary carnitine deficiency resulting from an inborn error of metabolism such as glutaric aciduria II, methyl malonic aciduria, propionic acidemia, and medium chain fatty acylCoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias. Parenteral levocarnitine is indicated for the prevention and treatment of carnitine deficiency in patients with end-stage renal disease. |
| DB00437 | Allopurinol | Allopurinol is indicated in [FDA label]:
1) the management of patients with signs and symptoms of primary or secondary gout (acute attacks, tophi, joint destruction, uric acid lithiasis, and/or nephropathy).
2) the management of patients with leukemia, lymphoma and malignancies who are receiving cancer therapy which causes elevations of serum and urinary uric acid levels. Treatment with allopurinol should be discontinued when the potential for overproduction of uric acid is no longer present.
3) the management of patients with recurrent calcium oxalate calculi whose daily uric acid excretion exceeds 800 mg/day in male patients and 750 mg/day in female patients. Therapy in such patients should be carefully assessed initially and reassessed periodically to determine in each case that treatment is beneficial and that the benefits outweigh the risks. |
| DB00198 | Oseltamivir | In general, oseltamivir is indicated for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated illness due to influenza A and B infection in patients 2 weeks of age and older who have been symptomatic for no more than 48 hours [F3094]. In particular, this agent is indicated in adults and children including full-term neonates who present with symptoms typical of influenza when influenza virus is circulating in the community [F3097]. Efficacy has been demonstrated when treatment is initiated within two days of the first onset of symptoms [F3097].
Oseltamivir is also indicated for the prophylaxis of influenza in patients one year and older [F3094]. Specifically, post-exposure prevention in individuals one year of age or older following contact with a clinically diagnosed influenza case when influenza virus is circulating in the community qualifies for such prophylactic therapy [F3097]. Oseltamivir would only be indicated for post-exposure prevention of influenza in infants less than 1 year of age during a pandemic influenza outbreak [F3097]
|
| DB06335 | Saxagliptin | Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control in combination with other agents or as monotherapy. |
| DB09272 | Eluxadoline | For the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). |
| DB09060 | Avibactam | AVYCAZ (ceftazidime-avibactam), in combination with metronidazole, is indicated for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections caused by the following susceptible microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients 18 years or older.
AVYCAZ is also indicated for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis caused by the following susceptible microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter koseri, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients 18 years or older. |
| DB11817 | Baricitinib | Indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in adult patients who have responded inadequately to, or who are intolerant to one or more disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs as monotherapy or in combination with methotrexate. |
| DB00642 | Pemetrexed | Used in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma in adults whose disease is unresectable or who otherwise are not candidates for potentially curative surgery. Also used as a monotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior chemotherapy |
| DB06211 | Doripenem | Doripenem is indicated in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis, caused by designated susceptible bacteria.
|
| DB09299 | Tenofovir alafenamide | Tenofovir alafenamide is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adult patients with compensated liver disease.[L6241]
In combination with [emtricitabine] and other antiretrovirals, it is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in patients with a weight higher than 35 kg. When combined with antiretrovirals other than protease inhibitors that require a CYP3A inhibitor, it can be used in pediatric patients weighing between 25 and 35 kg.[L4388]
In the combination product with emtricitabine and [bictegravir], tenofovir alafenamide is considered as a complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in treatment-naive patients or in patients virologically suppressed for at least 3 months with no history of treatment failure.[L6277]
Additionally, the combination product including [elvitegravir], [cobicistat], emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide and the combination product including emtricitabine, [rilpivirine] and tenofovir alafenamide can be used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection in patients older than 12 years with no previous antiretroviral therapy history or who are virologically suppressed for at least 6 months with no history of treatment failure.[L6280]
Lastly, the combination product including [darunavir], cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults without prior antiretroviral therapy or in patients virologically suppressed for 6 months and no reported resistance to darunavir or tenofovir.[L6283] |
| DB14126 | Tenofovir | Tenofovir has been shown to be effective against HIV, herpes simplex virus-2, and hepatitis B virus.[A178330]
To know more about the specific product indications, please visit the information in the orally available forms of tenofovir, [tenofovir alafenamide] and [tenofovir disoproxil]. |