Aciclovir - DrugBank

ID Pharmacology Interactions References Trials Economics Properties Spectra Taxonomy

Targets (3)Enzymes (1)Transporters (6)

Targets (3)Enzymes (1)Transporters (6)Biointeractions (11)

Identification

Name

Aciclovir

Accession Number

DB00787 (APRD00567, EXPT00406, DB05347)

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved

Description

A guanosine analog antiviral drug that acts as an antimetabolite. Aciclovir is used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, varicella zoster (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles).

Aciclovir has also been investigated for the treatment of herpes labialis applied using an iontophoretic device. Currently approved drugs for the treatment of herpes labialis (cold sores) exhibit low levels of efficacy due to the limited ability of the drugs to penetrate the skin to the site where the herpes virus is replicating. Iontophoresis uses electric current to enhance the delivery of drugs through the skin.

Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Aciclovirum

Acycloguanosine

Acyclovir

External IDs

Not Available

Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key	Details
Aciclovir Sodium	927L42J563	69657-51-8	RMLUKZWYIKEASN-UHFFFAOYSA-M	Details

Approved Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Sanis Health Inc	2010-04-05	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Sanis Health Inc	2010-04-05	2014-08-01	Canada
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Actavis Pharma Company	2014-04-11	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Oceanside Pharmaceuticals	2012-10-03	2016-06-30	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Renaissance Pharma, Inc.	2014-09-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Sanis Health Inc	2010-04-05	2014-08-01	Canada
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Rebel Distributors	1998-10-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir Sodium for Injection	Powder, for solution	500 mg	Intravenous	Abbott	1998-02-11	2007-07-31	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium for Injection	Powder, for solution	1 g	Intravenous	Novopharm Limited	1998-02-04	2005-08-10	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium for Injection	Powder, for solution	1 g	Intravenous	Abbott	1998-02-11	2007-07-31	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium for Injection	Powder, for solution	500 mg	Intravenous	Novopharm Limited	1998-02-04	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium Injection	Solution	25 mg	Intravenous	Ivax Pharmaceuticals Incorporated	Not applicable	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium Injection	Solution	50 mg	Intravenous	Sterimax Inc	Not applicable	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium Injection	Solution	50 mg	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi	1998-05-08	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium Injection	Solution	50 mg	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi	1998-05-08	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir Sodium Injection	Solution	25 mg	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	1998-03-18	Not applicable	Canada
Acyclovir-200	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Pro Doc Limitee	1998-06-02	2010-07-13	Canada
Acyclovir-400	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Pro Doc Limitee	1998-06-02	2010-07-13	Canada
Acyclovir-800	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Pro Doc Limitee	1998-06-02	2010-07-13	Canada
Alti-acyclovir - 400mg	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Altimed Pharma Inc.	1997-01-02	2001-09-05	Canada
Alti-acyclovir - 800mg	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Altimed Pharma Inc.	1997-01-07	2005-05-27	Canada
Alti-acyclovir - Tab 200mg	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Altimed Pharma Inc.	1997-01-02	2001-09-05	Canada
Mylan-acyclovir	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Mylan Pharmaceuticals	2000-09-14	Not applicable	Canada
Mylan-acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Mylan Pharmaceuticals	2000-06-30	Not applicable	Canada
Mylan-acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Mylan Pharmaceuticals	2000-06-30	Not applicable	Canada
Ntp-acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Teva	Not applicable	Not applicable	Canada
Ntp-acyclovir	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Teva	Not applicable	Not applicable	Canada
Ntp-acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Teva	Not applicable	Not applicable	Canada
Nu-acyclovir - Tab 200mg	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Nu Pharm Inc	1996-12-31	2012-09-04	Canada
Nu-acyclovir - Tab 400mg	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Nu Pharm Inc	1996-12-31	2012-09-04	Canada
Nu-acyclovir - Tab 800mg	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Nu Pharm Inc	1996-12-31	2012-09-04	Canada
Ratio-acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Teva	1994-12-31	Not applicable	Canada
Ratio-acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Teva	1994-12-31	Not applicable	Canada
Ratio-acyclovir	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Teva	1994-12-31	Not applicable	Canada
Sitavig	Tablet, delayed release	50 mg/1	Buccal	Cipher Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2014-03-20	Not applicable	US
Teva-acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Teva	2006-10-23	Not applicable	Canada
Teva-acyclovir	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Teva	2006-10-23	Not applicable	Canada
Teva-acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Teva	2006-10-23	Not applicable	Canada
Zovirax	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2014-11-10	2016-04-05	US
Zovirax	Cream	50 mg/g	Topical	Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America	2002-12-30	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1991-05-07	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Prestium Pharma, Inc.	2014-02-07	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Ointment	5 %	Topical	Valeant Canada Lp Valeant Canada S.E.C.	1982-12-31	Not applicable	Canada
Zovirax	Cream	5 %	Topical	Valeant Canada Lp Valeant Canada S.E.C.	1993-12-31	Not applicable	Canada
Zovirax	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America	1982-03-29	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Prestium Pharma, Inc.	2014-02-07	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Prestium Pharma, Inc.	2014-02-07	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Powder, for solution	1 g	Intravenous	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1992-12-31	2002-10-08	Canada
Zovirax	Cream	50 mg/g	Topical	Rebel Distributors	2004-10-29	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Powder, for solution	500 mg	Intravenous	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1983-12-31	2002-10-08	Canada
Zovirax	Suspension	200 mg	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1991-12-31	Not applicable	Canada
Zovirax	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Prestium Pharma, Inc.	2014-02-07	Not applicable	US
Zovirax	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2015-02-13	Not applicable	US
Zovirax 400	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1991-12-31	2014-02-20	Canada
Zovirax 800	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1991-12-31	2011-08-03	Canada
Zovirax Cap 200mg	Capsule	200 mg	Oral	Glaxo Wellcome	1990-12-31	1997-08-13	Canada
Zovirax Tab 200mg	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Glaxosmithkline Inc	1986-12-31	2016-01-11	Canada

Approved Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2016-08-31	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Av Kare, Inc.	2013-07-08	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2011-12-07	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Directrx	2014-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-08-01	2016-11-02	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Directrx	2015-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2017-01-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	State of Florida DOH Central Pharmacy	2013-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Mc Kesson Packaging Services A Buisness Unit Of Mc Kesson Corporation	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2013-11-11	2017-04-14	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2017-03-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2012-10-24	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Heritage	2013-08-08	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2011-03-18	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Major	2007-04-19	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2017-04-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Apotheca, Inc.	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-07-13	2017-01-06	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Carlsbad Technology, Inc.	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Northwind Pharmaceuticals	2014-05-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Ranbaxy Inc.	1999-02-08	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	DAVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	1997-11-19	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Rebel Distributors	1998-10-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Aidarex Pharmaceuticals LLC	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Amerincan Health Packaging	2014-01-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Quinn Pharmaceuticals, Llc	2015-02-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2013-11-29	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2013-11-29	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Nivagen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2016-10-15	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	bryant ranch prepack	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Teva	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Amerincan Health Packaging	2014-01-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Zydus Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc.	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Heritage	2013-08-08	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Av Kare, Inc.	2015-02-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Mylan Pharmaceuticals	2010-06-15	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Liberty Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2016-08-30	2017-03-08	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Unit Dose Services	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Clinical Solutions Wholsesale	1997-04-30	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Unit Dose Services	2007-06-09	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Mylan Pharmaceuticals	2010-06-15	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2017-03-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Nivagen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2016-10-15	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2010-03-23	2016-04-05	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Cardinal Health	2007-04-19	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2013-02-21	2017-02-18	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	bryant ranch prepack	1997-04-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	1998-07-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2014-03-11	2017-05-25	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2015-06-02	2017-05-13	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2013-03-26	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2010-07-20	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2015-09-17	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution	500 mg/1	Intravenous	West Ward Pharmaceutical	2016-02-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2015-09-02	2017-10-31	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-01-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	bryant ranch prepack	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2006-03-20	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-07-28	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2015-12-10	2017-04-14	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	State of Florida DOH Central Pharmacy	2013-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	bryant ranch prepack	2011-05-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Apotex Corporation	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-05-09	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Apotex Corporation	2006-03-20	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Av Pak	2014-07-18	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Ranbaxy Inc.	1999-02-08	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	2006-10-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Med Vantx, Inc.	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Stat Rx USA	1998-09-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Aidarex Pharmaceuticals LLC	1997-04-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Injection, solution	50 mg/mL	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi	2000-10-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York Llc	2014-01-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Zydus Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc.	2016-05-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.	2016-12-21	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Major	2010-06-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Aidarex Pharmaceuticals LLC	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Teva	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2012-07-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Avera Mc Kennan Hospital	2015-05-20	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Av Kare, Inc.	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	2012-09-20	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-09-20	2016-11-11	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Directrx	2015-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2017-01-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	State of Florida DOH Central Pharmacy	2013-12-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2012-03-07	2017-05-25	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2013-09-30	2017-03-17	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Avera Mc Kennan Hospital	2015-03-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2011-02-15	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Heritage	2014-06-02	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	1997-04-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Major	2007-02-09	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2010-11-08	2017-08-31	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2010-09-24	2017-04-14	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-07-14	2016-10-28	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Carlsbad Technology, Inc.	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Northwind Pharmaceuticals	2014-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution	50 mg/mL	Intravenous	APP Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2000-10-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Cardinal Health	2011-12-07	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	2009-04-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Rebel Distributors	1998-10-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Rebel Distributors	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Unit Dose Services	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2009-07-01	2017-01-14	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2013-11-29	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2013-11-29	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Nivagen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2016-10-15	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2016-12-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Mylan Institutional	2013-11-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	Mylan Pharmaceuticals	2013-04-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2016-02-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2017-03-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Aphena Pharma Solutions Tennessee, Inc.	2012-09-21	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Av Pak	2013-05-02	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	1998-11-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Apotheca, Inc.	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Camber Pharmaceuticals	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution	1 g/1	Intravenous	West Ward Pharmaceutical	2016-02-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Cardinal Health	2013-05-02	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Avera Mc Kennan Hospital	2016-10-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2011-03-02	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Red Pharm Drug, Inc.	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Nucare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-05-09	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Carlsbad Technology, Inc.	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Hi Tech Pharmacal Co., Inc.	2005-06-07	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Ranbaxy Inc.	1999-02-08	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	DAVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	1997-04-22	2016-10-13	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Atlantic Biologicals Corps.	2005-06-07	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Aidarex Pharmaceuticals LLC	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Amerincan Health Packaging	2014-01-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	DAVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	1997-11-19	2017-03-31	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2013-11-29	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2016-08-25	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Unit Dose Services	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Northwind Pharmaceuticals	2015-03-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Ointment	50 mg/g	Topical	E. Fougera & CO., A division of Fougera Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2016-05-11	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2016-08-18	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	1997-04-23	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Directrx	2014-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Clinical Solutions Wholsesale	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Nucare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Teva	1997-04-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2015-12-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Av Kare, Inc.	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	1997-04-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2016-11-28	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-12-06	2016-12-13	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Lake Erie Medical Dba Quality Care Produts Llc	2006-03-13	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	State of Florida DOH Central Pharmacy	2014-01-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2012-03-08	2017-05-25	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2013-12-10	2017-03-17	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2015-07-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2010-03-11	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	400 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2013-02-27	2016-12-14	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.	2010-11-10	2017-08-31	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2015-02-01	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2011-07-14	2016-10-28	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2015-02-16	2017-03-09	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	H.J. Harkins Company	2011-05-27	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	bryant ranch prepack	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	200 mg/1	Oral	Cardinal Health	1997-04-23	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Zydus Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc.	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Heritage	2010-06-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Rebel Distributors	2009-10-22	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Remedy Repack	2016-04-04	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	1998-11-17	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Stat Rx USA	1998-09-30	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Camber Pharmaceuticals	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Lake Erie Medical Dba Quality Care Produts Llc	2012-09-21	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Cardinal Health	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2006-03-13	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Cadila Pharnmaceuticals	2016-05-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	A S Medication Solutions	2009-10-22	2017-06-20	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Nucare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	2012-09-21	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Suspension	200 mg/5mL	Oral	Actavis Mid Atlantic LLC,	2002-09-03	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Preferreed Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2016-03-14	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Apotex Corporation	2007-06-09	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Mesource Pharmaceuticals	2014-09-10	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Capsule	200 mg/1	Oral	Golden State Medical Supply	1999-01-26	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	400 mg/1	Oral	Av Pak	1999-03-05	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg/1	Oral	Proficient Rx LP	2013-11-29	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir Sodium	Injection, solution	1000 mg/20mL	Intravenous	Auro Medics Pharma Llc	2013-10-11	Not applicable	US
Acyclovir Sodium	Injection, solution	500 mg/10mL	Intravenous	Auro Medics Pharma Llc	2013-10-11	Not applicable	US
Apo-acyclovir	Tablet	800 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1997-08-22	Not applicable	Canada
Apo-acyclovir - Tab 200mg	Tablet	200 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1997-08-22	Not applicable	Canada
Apo-acyclovir - Tab 400mg	Tablet	400 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1997-08-22	Not applicable	Canada

Approved Over the Counter Products

Not Available

Unapproved/Other Products

Not Available

International Brands

Name	Company
Zovir	Not Available

Brand mixtures

Name	Labeller	Ingredients
Xerese	Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America	Aciclovir Hydrocortisone

Categories

UNII

X4HES1O11F

CAS number

59277-89-3

Weight

Average: 225.2046
Monoisotopic: 225.086189243

Chemical Formula

C₈H₁₁N₅O₃

InChI Key

MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C8H11N5O3/c9-8-11-6-5(7(15)12-8)10-3-13(6)4-16-2-1-14/h3,14H,1-2,4H2,(H3,9,11,12,15)

IUPAC Name

2-amino-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6,9-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one

SMILES

NC1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(COCCO)C=N2

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment and management of herpes zoster (shingles), genital herpes, and chickenpox.

Structured Indications

Pharmacodynamics

Aciclovir (INN) or acyclovir (USAN, former BAN) is a synthetic deoxyguanosine analog and it is the prototype antiviral agent that is activated by viral thymidine kinase. The selective activity of aciclovir is due to its affinity for the thymidine kinase enzyme encoded by HSV and VZV. EC50 value of acyclovir against clinical herpes virus isolates was 1.3 μM (range: < 0.56 to 3.3 μM).

Mechanism of action

Viral (HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV) thymidine kinase converts aciclovir to the aciclovir monophosphate, which is then converted to the diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase, and finally to the triphosphate by phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and pyruvate kinase. Aciclovir triphosphate competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase and competes with the natural deoxyguanosine triphosphate, for incorporation into viral DNA. Once incorporated, aciclovir triphosphate inhibits DNA synthesis by acting as a chain terminator. One may consider aciclovir to be a prodrug as it is metabolized to more active compounds. Aciclovir is selective and low in cytotoxicity as the cellular thymidine kinase of normal, uninfected cells does not use aciclovir effectively as a substrate.

Target	Kind	Pharmacological action	Actions	Organism	UniProt ID
DNA polymerase catalytic subunit	Protein	yes	inhibitor	HHV-1	P04293	details
DNA polymerase catalytic subunit	Protein	yes	inhibitor	HHV-3	P09252	details
Thymidine kinase	Protein	yes	potentiator	HHV-1	P03176	details

Absorption

The oral bioavailability is 10% to 20%, and decreases with increasing dose. Food does not affect the absorption of acyclovir. The following are the pharmacokinetic parameters for 50 mg buccal tablet, Sitavig, in the saliva: AUC 0 - 24 hours = 2900±2400 mcg.h/mL; Cmax = 440±241 mcg/mL; Tmax = 7.95 ± 4.08 hours.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

9%-33%

Metabolism

Hepatic, Acyclovir is metabolized to 9-[(carboxymethoxy)methyl]guanine (CMMG) and 8 hydroxy-acyclovir (8-OH-ACV) by oxidation and hydroxylation. It is suggested in studies that acyclovir is first metabolized to acyclovir aldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and then converted to CMMG. The build up of acyclovir aldehyde may be the cause of acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity in the absence of crystalluria.

Substrate	Enzymes	Product
Aciclovir	Not Available	9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine	Details

Route of elimination

Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via active tubular secretion.

Half life

2.5-3.3 hours

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Aciclovir may cause nephrotoxicity (crystallization of aciclovir within renal tubules, elevation of serum creatinine, transient), and neurotoxicity (coma, hallucinations, lethargy, seizures, tremors). Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity usually resolve after cessation of aciclovir therapy. However, there is no well-defined relationship between aciclovir concentrations in the blood and these adverse effects.

Affected organisms

Human Herpes Virus

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Drug	Interaction	Drug group
Teriflunomide	The serum concentration of Aciclovir can be increased when it is combined with Teriflunomide.	Approved
Tizanidine	The serum concentration of Tizanidine can be increased when it is combined with Aciclovir.	Approved

Food Interactions

Increase liquid intake.
Take without regard to meals.

References

Synthesis Reference

"DrugSyn.org":http://www.drugsyn.org/Acyclovir.htm

US4294831

General References

O'Brien JJ, Campoli-Richards DM: Acyclovir. An updated review of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1989 Mar;37(3):233-309. [PubMed:2653790 ]
Gunness P, Aleksa K, Bend J, Koren G: Acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity: the role of the acyclovir aldehyde metabolite. Transl Res. 2011 Nov;158(5):290-301. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Aug 3. [PubMed:22005269 ]
Morrel EM, Spruance SL, Goldberg DI: Topical iontophoretic administration of acyclovir for the episodic treatment of herpes labialis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinic-initiated trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Aug 15;43(4):460-7. Epub 2006 Jul 3. [PubMed:16838235 ]

External Links

Resource	Link
Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)	HMDB14925
KEGG Drug	D00222
KEGG Compound	C06810
PubChem Compound	2022
PubChem Substance	46506002
ChemSpider	1945
BindingDB	50021776
ChEBI	2453
ChEMBL	CHEMBL184
Therapeutic Targets Database	DNC000157
PharmGKB	PA448045
HET	AC2
Drug Product Database	1950
RxList	http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/acyclo.htm
Drugs.com	http://www.drugs.com/acyclovir.html
Wikipedia	Aciclovir

ATC Codes

D06BB53

S01AD03

D06BB03

J05AB01

AHFS Codes

08:18.32
84:04.06

PDB Entries

2KI5

FDA label

Not Available

MSDS

Download (37 KB)

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
1	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	1
1	Completed	Not Available	Infection NOS	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Acute and Chronic Inflammation / Autoimmune Diseases / Disorder of Pleura and Pleural Cavity / Disorder of Synovium / Felty's Syndrome / Rheumatoid Arthritis / Rheumatoid Nodules / Sjogren's Syndrome	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex Virus / Neonatal Sepsis	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
1	Completed	Treatment	Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	1
1	Recruiting	Treatment	Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	1
1, 2	Completed	Treatment	Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia (AUL) / B-cell Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / B-cell Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / L1 Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / L1 Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / L2 Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / L2 Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Philadelphia Chromosome Negative Adult Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Adult Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Childhood Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / T-cell Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / T-cell Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Untreated Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Untreated Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	1
1, 2	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex	1
1, 2	Completed	Treatment	Kidney Diseases / Transplantation, Kidney	1
2	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC)	1
2	Completed	Prevention	Critical Illness	1
2	Completed	Prevention	Herpes simplex of the genitals / Ulcers	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Chickenpox / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Herpes simplex of the genitals / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Herpesvirus 2, Human / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
2	Completed	Treatment	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
2	Recruiting	Supportive Care	Stem Cell Transplant Complications	1
2	Recruiting	Treatment	Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer	1
2	Recruiting	Treatment	Prophylaxis of Herpes simplex of the oral-labial	2
2, 3	Completed	Prevention	HIV-1 and HSV-2 Coinfection / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
2, 3	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections / Ulcers	1
2, 3	Unknown Status	Treatment	Menière's Disease	1
2, 3	Withdrawn	Treatment	Herpes Simplex	1
3	Completed	Not Available	VZV Infection After Bone Marrow Transplantation	1
3	Completed	Prevention	Cytomegalovirus / Transplantation, Bone Marrow	1
3	Completed	Prevention	Herpes simplex of the genitals / HIV Seronegativity / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
3	Completed	Prevention	Herpes Simplex, Genital / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections / Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD)	1
3	Completed	Supportive Care	Cancers	1
3	Completed	Supportive Care	Herpes Simplex	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Chickenpox / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Genital Herpes	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex	4
3	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex / Keratitis, Herpetic / Ocular Herpes Simplex	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections / Infections, Cytomegalovirus	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Prophylaxis of Herpes simplex of the oral-labial	3
3	Recruiting	Treatment	Herpes Zoster	1
3	Unknown Status	Treatment	Herpes Simplex	1
3	Unknown Status	Treatment	Keratitis, Herpetic / Ocular Herpes Simplex	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Not Available	Genital Herpes	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Herpes / HIV Disease	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Genital Herpes	2
4	Completed	Treatment	Genital Herpes / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Healthy Volunteers	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex Infection / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)	1
4	Recruiting	Treatment	Viral Pneumonia	1
4	Unknown Status	Treatment	Herpes Zoster	1
4	Unknown Status	Treatment	Reccurent Herpes Labialis	1
Not Available	Completed	Not Available	Genital Herpes	1
Not Available	Completed	Basic Science	Dermatologic Disorders	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Cytomegalovirus Retinitis / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Facial Paralysis	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Genital Herpes	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Herpes Simplex / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	4
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections / Oral hairy leukoplakia	1
Not Available	Completed	Treatment	Ulcers of Female Genital Organs	1
Not Available	Recruiting	Not Available	Meningitis, Aseptic	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Actavis elizabeth llc
Apotex inc etobicoke site
Belcher pharmaceuticals inc
Dava pharmaceuticals inc
Genpharm inc
Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
Lek pharmaceutical and chemical co dd
Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
Ranbaxy laboratories ltd
Roxane laboratories inc
Stason industrial corp
Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
Teva pharmaceuticals usa
Watson laboratories inc
Glaxosmithkline
Actavis mid atlantic llc
Hi tech pharmacal co inc
Carlsbad technology inc
Mylan laboratories inc
Abbott laboratories
Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care
Apothecon inc div bristol myers squibb
App pharmaceuticals llc
Bedford laboratories div ben venue laboratories inc
Hospira inc
Teva parenteral medicines inc

Packagers

Actavis Group
Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
Amerisource Health Services Corp.
Amneal Pharmaceuticals
Apotex Inc.
Apotheca Inc.
Apothecary Shop Wholesale
APP Pharmaceuticals
AQ Pharmaceuticals Inc.
A-S Medication Solutions LLC
Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
Bedford Labs
Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
Bryant Ranch Prepack
BTA Pharmaceuticals
Cardinal Health
Carlsbad Technology Inc.
Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
Corepharma LLC
DAVA Pharmaceuticals
Direct Dispensing Inc.
Dispensing Solutions
Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
DSM Corp.
East Coast Medical Network Inc.
Eczacibasi Health Products Co.
GlaxoSmithKline Inc.
Goldline Laboratories Inc.
H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
Heritage Pharmaceuticals
Hi Tech Pharmacal Co. Inc.
Hospira Inc.
Ivax Pharmaceuticals
Kaiser Foundation Hospital
Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
Liberty Pharmaceuticals
Major Pharmaceuticals
Mckesson Corp.
Medvantx Inc.
Meridian Medical Technologies Inc.
Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
Mylan
Neuman Distributors Inc.
Novopharm Ltd.
Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Patheon Inc.
PCA LLC
PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
Pharmedix
Pharmpak Inc.
Physicians Total Care Inc.
Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Prepackage Specialists
Prepak Systems Inc.
Ranbaxy Laboratories
Rebel Distributors Corp.
Redpharm Drug
Remedy Repack
Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
Roxane Labs
Southwood Pharmaceuticals
St Mary's Medical Park Pharmacy
Stason Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
UDL Laboratories
Watson Pharmaceuticals
Xactdose Inc.
Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd.

Dosage forms

Form	Route	Strength
Capsule	Oral	200 mg/1
Capsule	Oral	400 mg/1
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution	Intravenous	1 g/1
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution	Intravenous	50 mg/mL
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution	Intravenous	500 mg/1
Injection, solution	Intravenous	50 mg/mL
Ointment	Topical	50 mg/g
Suspension	Oral	200 mg/5mL
Tablet	Oral	200 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	400 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	800 mg/1
Injection, solution	Intravenous	1000 mg/20mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	500 mg/10mL
Powder, for solution	Intravenous	500 mg
Solution	Intravenous	25 mg
Solution	Intravenous	50 mg
Tablet	Oral	200 mg
Tablet	Oral	400 mg
Tablet	Oral	800 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Buccal	50 mg/1
Cream	Topical
Cream	Topical	5 %
Cream	Topical	50 mg/g
Ointment	Topical	5 %
Powder, for solution	Intravenous	1 g
Suspension	Oral	200 mg
Capsule	Oral	200 mg

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Zovirax 200 mg/5ml Suspension 473ml Bottle	264.95USD	bottle
Zovirax 5% Ointment 15 gm Tube	191.56USD	tube
Zovirax 5% Cream 5 gm Tube	165.07USD	tube
Zovirax 5% Cream 2 gm Tube	69.44USD	tube
Zovirax 5% cream	30.22USD	g
Zovirax 800 mg tablet	11.83USD	tablet
Zovirax 400 mg tablet	6.09USD	tablet
Zovirax 800 mg Tablet	5.71USD	tablet
Acyclovir 800 mg tablet	3.81USD	tablet
Zovirax 200 mg capsule	3.08USD	capsule
Acyclovir 800 mg Tablet	2.99USD	tablet
Apo-Acyclovir 800 mg Tablet	2.99USD	tablet
Mylan-Acyclovir 800 mg Tablet	2.99USD	tablet
Novo-Acyclovir 800 mg Tablet	2.99USD	tablet
Nu-Acyclovir 800 mg Tablet	2.99USD	tablet
Ratio-Acyclovir 800 mg Tablet	2.99USD	tablet
Zovirax 400 mg Tablet	2.9USD	tablet
Acyclovir 400 mg tablet	2.26USD	tablet
Acyclovir 400 mg Tablet	1.63USD	tablet
Apo-Acyclovir 400 mg Tablet	1.63USD	tablet
Mylan-Acyclovir 400 mg Tablet	1.63USD	tablet
Novo-Acyclovir 400 mg Tablet	1.63USD	tablet
Nu-Acyclovir 400 mg Tablet	1.63USD	tablet
Ratio-Acyclovir 400 mg Tablet	1.63USD	tablet
Zovirax 200 mg Tablet	1.44USD	tablet
Acyclovir 200 mg capsule	1.01USD	capsule
Acyclovir 200 mg Tablet	0.81USD	tablet
Apo-Acyclovir 200 mg Tablet	0.81USD	tablet
Mylan-Acyclovir 200 mg Tablet	0.81USD	tablet
Novo-Acyclovir 200 mg Tablet	0.81USD	tablet
Ratio-Acyclovir 200 mg Tablet	0.81USD	tablet
Acyclovir 200 mg/5ml Suspension	0.3USD	ml
Zovirax 40 mg/ml Suspension	0.28USD	ml

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)
CA2098108	No	2001-07-03	2012-01-29	Canada
US6514980	No	1999-01-24	2019-01-24	US
US7223387	No	2001-07-24	2021-07-24	US
US8592434	No	2010-06-16	2030-06-16	US
US8747896	No	2007-06-03	2027-06-03	US
US8791127	No	2007-03-23	2027-03-23	US
USRE39264	No	1996-08-02	2016-08-02	US

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	255 °C	PhysProp
water solubility	2.5 mg/mL at 37°C	FDA label
logP	-1.56	KRISTL,A ET AL. (1993)
Caco2 permeability	-6.15	ADME Research, USCD
pKa	2.27 and 9.25	FDA label

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	9.08 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	-0.95	ALOGPS
logP	-1	ChemAxon
logS	-1.4	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	7.99	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	2.63	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	7	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	114.76 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	4	ChemAxon
Refractivity	54.63 m³·mol^-1	ChemAxon
Polarizability	21.51 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	2	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Predicted ADMET features

Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-00di-0090000000-59599385810ae2952ce5	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-00di-0290000000-9410504409e66bcd08f9	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0uyi-1900000000-0930eb38cecf2a197001	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-05nf-4900000000-10d8c1e33c5d46d6ff80	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-05mo-9600000000-e25ed55283d7d66d80c5	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-004i-0390000000-079dc309c9ffbbde3375	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-201a17a51960fdc3bcef	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-6c63ec4268a52381191c	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-0f79-1900000000-20fdfa17569c6b2f479f	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-000i-2900000000-4f7a822e6652ec471aee	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positive	splash10-0udi-0900000000-69b23ed6f334f4571ecc	View in MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	splash10-0udr-2910100000-2b1624536b0084ca299c	View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	Not Available
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	Not Available

Taxonomy

Description

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hypoxanthines. These are compounds containing the purine derivative 1H-purin-6(9H)-one. Purine is a bicyclic aromatic compound made up of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organoheterocyclic compounds

Class

Imidazopyrimidines

Sub Class

Purines and purine derivatives

Direct Parent

Hypoxanthines

Alternative Parents

6-oxopurines / Pyrimidones / Aminopyrimidines and derivatives / N-substituted imidazoles / Vinylogous amides / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Primary amines / Primary alcohols / Organopnictogen compounds

Substituents

6-oxopurine / Hypoxanthine / Aminopyrimidine / Pyrimidone / N-substituted imidazole / Pyrimidine / Azole / Imidazole / Heteroaromatic compound / Vinylogous amide

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

oxopurine, 2-aminopurines (CHEBI:2453 )

Targets

Details

1. DNA polymerase catalytic subunit

Kind: Protein
Organism: HHV-1
Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: inhibitor

General Function:: Rna-dna hybrid ribonuclease activity
Specific Function:: Replicates viral genomic DNA. The replication complex is composed of six viral proteins: the DNA polymerase, processivity factor, primase, primase-associated factor, helicase, and ssDNA-binding protein. Additionally, the polymerase contains an intrinsic ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that specifically degrades RNA/DNA heteroduplexes or duplex DNA substrates in the 5' to 3' direction. Therefo...
Gene Name:: Not Available
Uniprot ID:: P04293
Molecular Weight:: 136419.66 Da

References

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
Sergerie Y, Boivin G: Hydroxyurea enhances the activity of acyclovir and cidofovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 resistant strains harboring mutations in the thymidine kinase and/or the DNA polymerase genes. Antiviral Res. 2008 Jan;77(1):77-80. Epub 2007 Sep 17. [PubMed:17913252 ]
Suzuki M, Okuda T, Shiraki K: Synergistic antiviral activity of acyclovir and vidarabine against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and varicella-zoster virus. Antiviral Res. 2006 Nov;72(2):157-61. Epub 2006 May 30. [PubMed:16797734 ]
Liu S, Knafels JD, Chang JS, Waszak GA, Baldwin ET, Deibel MR Jr, Thomsen DR, Homa FL, Wells PA, Tory MC, Poorman RA, Gao H, Qiu X, Seddon AP: Crystal structure of the herpes simplex virus 1 DNA polymerase. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jun 30;281(26):18193-200. Epub 2006 Apr 24. [PubMed:16638752 ]

Details

2. DNA polymerase catalytic subunit

Kind: Protein
Organism: HHV-3
Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: inhibitor

General Function:: Rna-dna hybrid ribonuclease activity
Specific Function:: Replicates viral genomic DNA. The replication complex is composed of six viral proteins: the DNA polymerase, processivity factor, primase, primase-associated factor, helicase, and ssDNA-binding protein. Additionally, the polymerase contains an intrinsic ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that specifically degrades RNA/DNA heteroduplexes or duplex DNA substrates in the 5' to 3' direction. Therefo...
Gene Name:: Not Available
Uniprot ID:: P09252
Molecular Weight:: 134046.615 Da

References

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
Sergerie Y, Boivin G: Hydroxyurea enhances the activity of acyclovir and cidofovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 resistant strains harboring mutations in the thymidine kinase and/or the DNA polymerase genes. Antiviral Res. 2008 Jan;77(1):77-80. Epub 2007 Sep 17. [PubMed:17913252 ]
Suzuki M, Okuda T, Shiraki K: Synergistic antiviral activity of acyclovir and vidarabine against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and varicella-zoster virus. Antiviral Res. 2006 Nov;72(2):157-61. Epub 2006 May 30. [PubMed:16797734 ]
Liu S, Knafels JD, Chang JS, Waszak GA, Baldwin ET, Deibel MR Jr, Thomsen DR, Homa FL, Wells PA, Tory MC, Poorman RA, Gao H, Qiu X, Seddon AP: Crystal structure of the herpes simplex virus 1 DNA polymerase. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jun 30;281(26):18193-200. Epub 2006 Apr 24. [PubMed:16638752 ]

Details

3. Thymidine kinase

Kind: Protein
Organism: HHV-1
Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

General Function:: Thymidine kinase activity
Specific Function:: In latent infection, may allow the virus to be reactivated and to grow in cells lacking a high concentration of phosphorylated nucleic acid precursors, such as nerve cells that do not replicate their genome.
Gene Name:: TK
Uniprot ID:: P03176
Molecular Weight:: 40971.555 Da

References

Bennett MS, Wien F, Champness JN, Batuwangala T, Rutherford T, Summers WC, Sun H, Wright G, Sanderson MR: Structure to 1.9 A resolution of a complex with herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase of a novel, non-substrate inhibitor: X-ray crystallographic comparison with binding of aciclovir. FEBS Lett. 1999 Jan 25;443(2):121-5. [PubMed:9989588 ]

Enzymes

Details

1. Cytochrome P450 1A2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: inhibitor

General Function:: Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function:: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N...
Gene Name:: CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:: P05177
Molecular Weight:: 58293.76 Da

Transporters

Details

1. Solute carrier family 22 member 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: inhibitor

General Function:: Secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP), the endogenous compounds choline, guanidine, histamine, epinephrine, adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, and the drugs quinine...
Gene Name:: SLC22A1
Uniprot ID:: O15245
Molecular Weight:: 61153.345 Da

References

Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Kobayashi Y, Yamamoto T, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):918-24. [PubMed:11861798 ]

Details

2. Solute carrier family 22 member 6

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrateinhibitor

General Function:: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) (By similarity). Mediates the sodium-in...
Gene Name:: SLC22A6
Uniprot ID:: Q4U2R8
Molecular Weight:: 61815.78 Da

References

Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Kobayashi Y, Yamamoto T, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):918-24. [PubMed:11861798 ]
Wada S, Tsuda M, Sekine T, Cha SH, Kimura M, Kanai Y, Endou H: Rat multispecific organic anion transporter 1 (rOAT1) transports zidovudine, acyclovir, and other antiviral nucleoside analogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Sep;294(3):844-9. [PubMed:10945832 ]

Details

3. Solute carrier family 22 member 8

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrateinhibitor

General Function:: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenadine. Transports benzylpenicillin (PCG), estrone-3-sulfate (E1S), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), p-amino-hippurate (PAH), acyclovir (ACV) and ochratoxin (OTA).
Gene Name:: SLC22A8
Uniprot ID:: Q8TCC7
Molecular Weight:: 59855.585 Da

References

Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Kobayashi Y, Yamamoto T, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):918-24. [PubMed:11861798 ]
Ohtsuki S, Asaba H, Takanaga H, Deguchi T, Hosoya K, Otagiri M, Terasaki T: Role of blood-brain barrier organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) in the efflux of indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin: its involvement in neurotransmitter metabolite clearance from the brain. J Neurochem. 2002 Oct;83(1):57-66. [PubMed:12358729 ]
Cha SH, Sekine T, Fukushima JI, Kanai Y, Kobayashi Y, Goya T, Endou H: Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86. [PubMed:11306713 ]

Details

4. Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrate

General Function:: Bile acid:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function:: Plays a critical role in the sodium-dependent reabsorption of bile acids from the lumen of the small intestine. Plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism.
Gene Name:: SLC10A2
Uniprot ID:: Q12908
Molecular Weight:: 37713.405 Da

References

Tolle-Sander S, Lentz KA, Maeda DY, Coop A, Polli JE: Increased acyclovir oral bioavailability via a bile acid conjugate. Mol Pharm. 2004 Jan 12;1(1):40-8. [PubMed:15832499 ]

Details

5. Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrate

General Function:: Monovalent cation:proton antiporter activity
Specific Function:: Solute transporter for tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, N-methylnicotinamide (NMN), metformin, creatinine, guanidine, procainamide, topotecan, estrone sulfate, acyclovir, ganciclovir and also the zwitterionic cephalosporin, cephalexin and cephradin. Seems to also play a role in the uptake of oxaliplatin (a new platinum anticancer agent). Able to transport...
Gene Name:: SLC47A1
Uniprot ID:: Q96FL8
Molecular Weight:: 61921.585 Da

References

Nies AT, Damme K, Schaeffeler E, Schwab M: Multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins as transporters of antimicrobial drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012 Dec;8(12):1565-77. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2012.722996. Epub 2012 Sep 13. [PubMed:22970772 ]

Details

6. Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Human
Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: substrate

General Function:: Drug transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Solute transporter for tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, N-methylnicotinamide, metformin, creatinine, guanidine, procainamide, topotecan, estrone sulfate, acyclovir, and ganciclovir. Responsible for the secretion of cationic drugs across the brush border membranes.
Gene Name:: SLC47A2
Uniprot ID:: Q86VL8
Molecular Weight:: 65083.915 Da

References

Nies AT, Damme K, Schaeffeler E, Schwab M: Multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins as transporters of antimicrobial drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012 Dec;8(12):1565-77. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2012.722996. Epub 2012 Sep 13. [PubMed:22970772 ]

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on June 22, 2017 09:59

Get DrugBank to go!

Structure for DB00787 (Aciclovir)

Targets

References

References

References

Enzymes

Transporters

References

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