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IdentificationPharmacologyInteractionsReferencesTrialsEconomicsPropertiesSpectraTaxonomyPentoxifylline
Identification
- Name
- Pentoxifylline
- Accession Number
- DB00806 (APRD00121)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Description
A methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production. [PubChem]
- Structure
Structure for DB00806 (Pentoxifylline)
- Synonyms
- Oxpentifylline
- Pentoxifilina
- Pentoxifyllin
- Pentoxifylline
- Pentoxifyllinum
- External IDs
- BL 191 / BL-191 / C04AD03 / PTX
- Product Images
- Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Pentoxifylline SR Tablet, extended release 400 mg Oral Aa Pharma Inc 1997-01-14 Not applicable Canada 
Trental Tablet, extended release 400 mg Oral Sanofi Aventis 1996-10-23 2013-03-01 Canada Trental Srt 400mg Tablet, extended release 400 mg Oral Hoechst Roussel Canada Inc. 1993-12-31 1998-08-12 Canada Trental Tab 400mg Tablet, extended release 400 mg Oral Hoechst Canada Inc. 1984-12-31 1996-08-29 Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Nu-pentoxifylline-SR 400 mg Tablet, extended release 400 mg Oral Nu Pharm Inc 1998-03-18 2012-09-04 Canada Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Teva 1998-07-31 Not applicable US 
Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Golden State Medical Supply 2001-06-18 Not applicable US Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Aidarex Pharmaceuticals LLC 1999-06-10 Not applicable US Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral A S Medication Solutions 1998-07-31 2017-06-20 US Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2003-03-25 Not applicable US 
Pentoxifylline Tablet, film coated, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral State of Florida DOH Central Pharmacy 2009-07-01 Not applicable US Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Remedy Repack 2018-07-06 Not applicable US Pentoxifylline Tablet, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Lake Erie Medical Dba Quality Care Produts Llc 1999-06-10 2018-03-22 US Pentoxifylline Tablet, film coated, extended release 400 mg/1 Oral Cardinal Health 2010-07-23 2018-06-26 US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Gapeam Budibac Pentoxifylline + Amantadine hydrochloride + Baclofen + Bupivacaine hydrochloride + Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride + Diclofenac sodium + Gabapentin Kit Topical Alvix Laboratories 2014-12-05 2018-03-14 US - International/Other Brands
- Agapurin (Zentiva) / Agapurin SR (Zentiva) / An Ruo Ning (Nanjing Yaoda Bio-Pharmaceutical) / Angiopent (Helcor) / Ao Le Ni (C & O Pharmaceuticals) / Ao Nuo Hong (AosaiKang Pharmaceutical) / Aotong (Treeful Pharmaceutical) / Azupentat / Behrifil (Sanofi-Aventis) / Bo Shu Te (Jisheng Pharmaceutical) / Claudicat (Nycomed) / Durapental (Mylan dura) / Elorgan (Sanofi Aventis) / Endopentoksas (Endokriniai) / Pentilin (Krka) / Pentilin Retard (Krka) / Pentoflux (Bouchara-Recordati) / Pentofyllin (Sopharma) / Pentoksifilin (Panfarma) / Pentolab (Lamsa) / Pentomer (ratiopharm) / Pentoxil (Upsher-Smith) / Rentylin (Amdipharm) / Torental (Sanofi-Aventis) / Trental / Trentilin Retard (Santa-Farma)
- Categories
- Alkaloids
- Antioxidants
- Antiplatelet agents
- Blood Viscosity Reducer
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Cardiovascular System
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Drugs for Obstructive Airway Diseases
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Free Radical Scavengers
- Hematologic Agents
- Hemorrheologic Agents
- Peripheral Vasodilators
- Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors
- Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
- Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
- Protective Agents
- Purine Derivatives
- Purines
- Purinones
- Radiation-Protective Agents
- Theobromine
- Vasodilating Agents
- Xanthine derivatives
- UNII
- SD6QCT3TSU
- CAS number
- 6493-05-6
- Weight
- Average: 278.307
Monoisotopic: 278.137890462 - Chemical Formula
- C13H18N4O3
- InChI Key
- BYPFEZZEUUWMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C13H18N4O3/c1-9(18)6-4-5-7-17-12(19)10-11(14-8-15(10)2)16(3)13(17)20/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3
- IUPAC Name
- 3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
- SMILES
- CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(CCCCC(C)=O)C(=O)N2C
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of patients with intermittent lameness or immobility arising from chronic occlusive arterial disease of the limbs.
- Associated Conditions
- Pharmacodynamics
Pentoxifylline, a synthetic dimethylxanthine derivative structurally related to theophylline and caffeine, is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.
- Mechanism of action
Pentoxifylline inhibits erythrocyte phosphodiesterase, resulting in an increase in erythrocyte cAMP activity. Subsequently, the erythrocyte membrane becomes more resistant to deformity. Along with erythrocyte activity, pentoxifylline also decreases blood viscosity by reducing plasma fibrinogen concentrations and increasing fibrinolytic activity. It is also a non selective adenosine receptor antagonist.
Target Actions Organism AcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitorHuman AAdenosine receptor A1 antagonistHuman AcGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase inhibitorHuman AcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A inhibitorHuman AAdenosine receptor A2a antagonistHuman U5'-nucleotidase inhibitorHuman - Absorption
- Not Available
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
70%
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Excretion is almost totally urinary; the main biotransformation product is Metabolite V. Essentially no parent drug is found in the urine.
- Half life
0.4-0.8 hours
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Toxicity
LD50=1385 mg/kg(orally in mice)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction Drug group Abciximab Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Abciximab. Approved Abiraterone The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. Approved Acebutolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. Approved, Investigational Acenocoumarol Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acenocoumarol. Approved, Investigational Acepromazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Acepromazine. Approved, Vet Approved Acetylsalicylic acid Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Acetylsalicylic acid. Approved, Vet Approved Adenosine The therapeutic efficacy of Adenosine can be decreased when used in combination with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Alfuzosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Alfuzosin. Approved, Investigational Aliskiren Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Aliskiren. Approved, Investigational Aloxiprin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Aloxiprin. Experimental Alprenolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Alprenolol. Approved, Withdrawn Alprostadil Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Alprostadil. Approved, Investigational Alteplase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Alteplase. Approved Ambrisentan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Ambrisentan. Approved, Investigational Ambroxol acefyllinate The serum concentration of Ambroxol acefyllinate can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Experimental, Investigational Aminophylline The serum concentration of Aminophylline can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Aminosalicylic Acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Aminosalicylic Acid. Approved Amitriptyline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Amitriptyline. Approved Amoxapine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Amoxapine. Approved Amyl Nitrite Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Amyl Nitrite. Approved Anagrelide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Anagrelide. Approved Ancrod Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Ancrod. Approved, Investigational Andrographolide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Andrographolide. Investigational Anistreplase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Anistreplase. Approved Antithrombin III human Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Antithrombin III human. Approved Apixaban The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Apixaban. Approved Ardeparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Ardeparin. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Argatroban Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Argatroban. Approved, Investigational Aripiprazole Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Aripiprazole. Approved, Investigational Asenapine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Asenapine. Approved Astaxanthin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Astaxanthin. Investigational Atenolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Atenolol. Approved Avanafil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Avanafil is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Azelastine Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Azelastine. Approved Azithromycin The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Azithromycin. Approved Balsalazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Balsalazide. Approved, Investigational Batroxobin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Batroxobin. Experimental Becaplermin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Becaplermin. Approved, Investigational Bemiparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bemiparin. Approved, Investigational Benazepril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Benazepril. Approved, Investigational Bendroflumethiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bendroflumethiazide. Approved Benzphetamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benzphetamine is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Illicit Beraprost Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Beraprost. Investigational Betaxolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Betaxolol. Approved, Investigational Bethanidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bethanidine. Approved Bevantolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bevantolol. Approved Bietaserpine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bietaserpine. Experimental Bimatoprost Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bimatoprost. Approved, Investigational Bisoprolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bisoprolol. Approved Bivalirudin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin. Approved, Investigational Bortezomib The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Bortezomib. Approved, Investigational Bosentan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bosentan. Approved, Investigational BQ-123 Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of BQ-123. Investigational Bretylium Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bretylium. Approved Brexpiprazole Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Brexpiprazole. Approved, Investigational Brimonidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Brimonidine. Approved Brinase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Brinase. Experimental Bucindolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bucindolol. Investigational Buflomedil Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Buflomedil. Experimental Bunazosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bunazosin. Investigational Bupranolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bupranolol. Approved Butylphthalide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Butylphthalide. Investigational Cadralazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cadralazine. Experimental Cafedrine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cafedrine. Investigational Caffeine The serum concentration of Caffeine can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Candesartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Candesartan. Experimental Candesartan cilexetil Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Candesartan cilexetil. Approved Candoxatril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Candoxatril. Experimental Cangrelor Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Cangrelor. Approved Caplacizumab Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Caplacizumab. Investigational Captopril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Captopril. Approved Carbamazepine The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when it is combined with Carbamazepine. Approved, Investigational Carbaspirin calcium The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Carbaspirin calcium. Experimental, Investigational Carteolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Carteolol. Approved Celiprolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Celiprolol. Approved, Investigational Certoparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Certoparin. Approved, Investigational Chlorothiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Chlorothiazide. Approved, Vet Approved Chlorpromazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Chlorpromazine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Chlorthalidone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Chlorthalidone. Approved Cicletanine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cicletanine. Investigational Cilazapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cilazapril. Approved Cilostazol Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Cilostazol. Approved, Investigational Cimetidine The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Cimetidine. Approved, Investigational Ciprofloxacin The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Ciprofloxacin. Approved, Investigational Citalopram The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Citalopram. Approved Clonidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Clonidine. Approved Clopidogrel Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Clopidogrel. Approved Cloranolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cloranolol. Experimental Cloricromen Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Cloricromen. Experimental Clorindione Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Clorindione. Experimental Clozapine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Clozapine. Approved Collagenase clostridium histolyticum The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Collagenase clostridium histolyticum. Approved, Investigational Cryptenamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cryptenamine. Approved Curcumin The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Curcumin. Approved, Investigational Cyclopenthiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cyclopenthiazide. Experimental Cyclothiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Cyclothiazide. Approved Cyproterone acetate The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when it is combined with Cyproterone acetate. Approved, Investigational Dabigatran etexilate Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dabigatran etexilate. Approved Dalteparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dalteparin. Approved Danaparoid Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Danaparoid. Approved, Withdrawn Dapiprazole Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Dapiprazole. Approved Dapoxetine Dapoxetine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Pentoxifylline. Investigational Darexaban Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Darexaban. Investigational Dasatinib Dasatinib may increase the anticoagulant activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Debrisoquin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Debrisoquin. Approved, Investigational Deferasirox The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Deferasirox. Approved, Investigational Defibrotide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Defibrotide. Approved, Investigational Delapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Delapril. Investigational Deoxycholic Acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Deoxycholic Acid. Approved Dersalazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Dersalazine. Investigational Deserpidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Deserpidine. Approved Desirudin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Desirudin. Approved Desmoteplase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Desmoteplase. Investigational Desvenlafaxine Desvenlafaxine may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Dextran Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dextran. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Dextroamphetamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Dextroamphetamine. Approved, Illicit Diazoxide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Diazoxide. Approved Dicoumarol Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dicoumarol. Approved Diethylnorspermine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Diethylnorspermine. Investigational Diethylpropion The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Diethylpropion is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Illicit Diflunisal The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Diflunisal. Approved, Investigational Dihydralazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Dihydralazine. Approved, Investigational Diphenadione Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Diphenadione. Experimental Dipyridamole Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Dipyridamole. Approved Ditazole Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Ditazole. Approved, Withdrawn Dorzolamide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Dorzolamide. Approved Dosulepin The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Dosulepin. Approved Doxepin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Doxepin. Approved, Investigational Dronedarone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Dronedarone. Approved Droperidol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Droperidol. Approved, Vet Approved Drotrecogin alfa Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Drotrecogin alfa. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Dyphylline The serum concentration of Dyphylline can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Edetic Acid Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Edetic Acid. Approved, Vet Approved Edoxaban Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Edoxaban. Approved Enalapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Enalapril. Approved, Vet Approved Enalaprilat Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Enalaprilat. Approved Endralazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Endralazine. Experimental Enoxaparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Enoxaparin. Approved Epanolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Epanolol. Experimental Epinastine Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Epinastine. Approved, Investigational Epinephrine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Epinephrine. Approved, Vet Approved Eplivanserin Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Eplivanserin. Investigational Epoprostenol Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Epoprostenol. Approved Eprosartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Eprosartan. Approved Eptifibatide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Eptifibatide. Approved, Investigational Erythrityl Tetranitrate Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Erythrityl Tetranitrate. Approved, Investigational Escitalopram Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Escitalopram. Approved, Investigational Estradiol The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Estradiol. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Ethanol Ethanol may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved Ethinyl Estradiol The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Ethinyl Estradiol. Approved Ethosuximide Ethosuximide may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved Ethyl biscoumacetate Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Ethyl biscoumacetate. Withdrawn Etravirine The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when it is combined with Etravirine. Approved Everolimus The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Everolimus. Approved Fenoldopam Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Fenoldopam. Approved Ferulic acid Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Ferulic acid. Experimental Fibrinolysin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Fibrinolysin. Investigational Fluindione Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Fluindione. Approved, Investigational Flunarizine Flunarizine may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved Fluoxetine Fluoxetine may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Vet Approved Flupentixol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Flupentixol. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Fluvoxamine The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Fluvoxamine. Approved, Investigational Fondaparinux Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Fondaparinux sodium. Approved, Investigational Fostamatinib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Fostamatinib. Approved, Investigational Gabapentin Gabapentin may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Investigational Gabexate Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Gabexate. Investigational Ganciclovir The serum concentration of Ganciclovir can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Glucosamine Glucosamine may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Guacetisal The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Guacetisal. Experimental Guanabenz Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanabenz. Approved, Investigational Guanadrel Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanadrel. Approved Guanazodine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanazodine. Experimental Guanethidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanethidine. Approved Guanoclor Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanoclor. Experimental Guanoxabenz Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanoxabenz. Experimental Guanoxan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Guanoxan. Experimental Hemoglobin crosfumaril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Hemoglobin crosfumaril. Experimental Heparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Heparin. Approved, Investigational Hexamethonium Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Hexamethonium. Experimental Higenamine Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Higenamine. Investigational Hydralazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Hydralazine. Approved Hydroflumethiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Hydroflumethiazide. Approved, Investigational Hydroxytyrosol Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Hydroxytyrosol. Investigational Ibritumomab tiuxetan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Ibritumomab tiuxetan. Approved, Investigational Ibrutinib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ibrutinib is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Ibudilast Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ibudilast. Approved, Investigational Icosapent ethyl Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Icosapent ethyl. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Idraparinux Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Idraparinux. Investigational Ifenprodil Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ifenprodil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Ifetroban Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ifetroban. Investigational Iloperidone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Iloperidone. Approved Iloprost Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Iloprost. Approved, Investigational Imidapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Imidapril. Investigational Imipramine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Imipramine. Approved Indapamide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Indapamide. Approved Indenolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Indenolol. Withdrawn Indobufen Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Indobufen. Investigational Indoramin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Indoramin. Withdrawn Irbesartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Irbesartan. Approved, Investigational Isosorbide Dinitrate The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Isosorbide Dinitrate. Approved, Investigational Isosorbide Mononitrate Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Isosorbide Mononitrate. Approved Ketanserin Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ketanserin. Investigational Ketorolac The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ketorolac is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Labetalol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Labetalol. Approved Lamotrigine Lamotrigine may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Investigational Lepirudin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin. Approved Letaxaban Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Letaxaban. Investigational Levetiracetam Levetiracetam may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Investigational Lidocaine The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Lidocaine. Approved, Vet Approved Limaprost Limaprost may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Linsidomine Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Linsidomine. Experimental Lisdexamfetamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Lisdexamfetamine. Approved, Investigational Lisinopril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Lisinopril. Approved, Investigational Lobeglitazone The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Lobeglitazone. Approved, Investigational Lofexidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Lofexidine. Approved, Investigational Lorcaserin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lorcaserin is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Macitentan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Macitentan. Approved Magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Mecamylamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Mecamylamine. Approved, Investigational Melagatran Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Melagatran. Experimental Mesalazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Mesalazine. Approved Methimazole The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Methimazole. Approved Methoserpidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Methoserpidine. Experimental Methotrimeprazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Methotrimeprazine. Approved, Investigational Methsuximide Methsuximide may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved Methyl salicylate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Methyl salicylate. Approved, Vet Approved Methyldopa Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Methyldopa. Approved Methylpropylpropanediol dinitrate Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Methylpropylpropanediol dinitrate. Experimental Metipranolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Metipranolol. Approved Metolazone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Metolazone. Approved Metyrosine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Metyrosine. Approved Mexiletine The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Mexiletine. Approved, Investigational Midostaurin The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Midostaurin. Approved, Investigational Milrinone Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Milrinone. Approved Mirodenafil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mirodenafil is combined with Pentoxifylline. Investigational Moexipril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Moexipril. Approved Molsidomine Molsidomine may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Moxifloxacin The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Moxifloxacin. Approved, Investigational Moxonidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Moxonidine. Approved, Investigational Muzolimine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Muzolimine. Experimental Nadolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nadolol. Approved Nadroparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Nadroparin. Approved, Investigational Nafamostat Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Nafamostat. Approved, Investigational Naftopidil Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Naftopidil. Investigational Nebivolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nebivolol. Approved, Investigational Nefazodone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nefazodone. Approved, Withdrawn Nevirapine The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Nevirapine. Approved Nicergoline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nicergoline. Approved, Investigational Nicorandil Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nicorandil. Approved, Investigational Nimesulide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Nimesulide. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Nitroaspirin Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Nitroaspirin. Investigational Nitroglycerin Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Nitroglycerin. Approved, Investigational Nitroprusside Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nitroprusside. Approved, Investigational Nortriptyline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Nortriptyline. Approved Nylidrin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nylidrin is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Nystatin The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Nystatin. Approved, Vet Approved Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Obinutuzumab. Approved, Investigational Olanzapine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Olanzapine. Approved, Investigational Olmesartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Olmesartan. Approved, Investigational Olsalazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Olsalazine. Approved Omapatrilat Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Omapatrilat. Investigational Omega-3 fatty acids Omega-3 fatty acids may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Nutraceutical Osimertinib The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when it is combined with Osimertinib. Approved Otamixaban Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Otamixaban. Investigational Oxprenolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Oxprenolol. Approved Oxymetazoline The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Ozagrel Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Ozagrel. Investigational Paliperidone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Paliperidone. Approved Pargyline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Pargyline. Approved Parnaparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Parnaparin. Approved, Investigational Paroxetine Paroxetine may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Peginterferon alfa-2b The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. Approved Penbutolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Penbutolol. Approved, Investigational Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate. Approved Pentolinium Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentolinium. Approved Pentosan Polysulfate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentosan Polysulfate is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Perindopril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Perindopril. Approved Phenindione Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Phenindione. Approved, Investigational Phenobarbital The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when it is combined with Phenobarbital. Approved, Investigational Phenoxybenzamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Phenoxybenzamine. Approved Phenprocoumon Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Phenprocoumon. Approved, Investigational Phentolamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Phentolamine. Approved Phenyl aminosalicylate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Phenyl aminosalicylate. Approved Phenylephrine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenylephrine is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Picotamide Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Picotamide. Experimental Pinacidil Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Pinacidil. Approved Pindolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Pindolol. Approved, Investigational Pizotifen Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Pizotifen. Approved Platelet Activating Factor Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Platelet Activating Factor. Experimental Polythiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Polythiazide. Approved Potassium Citrate Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Potassium Citrate. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Prasugrel Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Prasugrel. Approved Prazosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Prazosin. Approved Pregabalin Pregabalin may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Promazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Promazine. Approved, Vet Approved Propafenone The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Propafenone. Approved Propatyl nitrate Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Propatyl nitrate. Experimental, Investigational Propericiazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Propericiazine. Approved, Investigational Propiomazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Propiomazine. Approved Propiverine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Propiverine. Approved, Investigational Protein C Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Protein C. Approved Protein S human Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Protein S human. Approved Protocatechualdehyde Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Protocatechualdehyde. Approved Pseudoephedrine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pseudoephedrine is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Quetiapine The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Quetiapine. Approved Quinapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Quinapril. Approved, Investigational Quinidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Quinidine. Approved, Investigational Racepinephrine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Racepinephrine. Approved Ramatroban Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ramatroban. Investigational Ramipril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Ramipril. Approved Relcovaptan Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Relcovaptan. Investigational Remikiren Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Remikiren. Approved Rescinnamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Rescinnamine. Approved Reserpine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Reserpine. Approved, Investigational Resveratrol Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Resveratrol. Approved, Experimental, Investigational Reteplase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Reteplase. Approved, Investigational Reviparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Reviparin. Approved, Investigational Ridogrel Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ridogrel. Approved Rifampicin The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be increased when combined with Rifampicin. Approved Rilmenidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Rilmenidine. Approved, Investigational Riociguat Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Riociguat. Approved Risperidone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Risperidone. Approved, Investigational Rivaroxaban Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Rivaroxaban. Approved Ropinirole The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Ropinirole. Approved, Investigational Rucaparib The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Rucaparib. Approved, Investigational Salicylic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Salicylic acid. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Saprisartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Saprisartan. Experimental Sapropterin Sapropterin may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Sarpogrelate Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Sarpogrelate. Investigational Saruplase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Saruplase. Experimental Selexipag Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Selexipag. Approved Sevoflurane Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Sevoflurane. Approved, Vet Approved Sildenafil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sildenafil is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Silodosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Silodosin. Approved Simeprevir The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Simeprevir. Approved Sitaxentan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Sitaxentan. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Sodium Citrate The therapeutic efficacy of Sodium Citrate can be increased when used in combination with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Spirapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Spirapril. Approved SRT501 Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of SRT501. Investigational Streptokinase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Streptokinase. Approved, Investigational Sulfasalazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Sulfasalazine. Approved Sulodexide Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulodexide. Approved, Investigational Tadalafil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tadalafil is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Talinolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Talinolol. Investigational Tamsulosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Tamsulosin. Approved, Investigational Telmisartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Telmisartan. Approved, Investigational Temocapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Temocapril. Experimental, Investigational Tenecteplase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tenecteplase. Approved Tenitramine Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Tenitramine. Experimental Tenofovir disoproxil The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Tenofovir disoproxil. Approved, Investigational Terazosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Terazosin. Approved Teriflunomide The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when it is combined with Teriflunomide. Approved Terlipressin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Terlipressin. Approved, Investigational Tesmilifene Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Tesmilifene. Investigational Theodrenaline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Theodrenaline. Investigational Theophylline The serum concentration of Theophylline can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Thioproperazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Thioproperazine. Approved Thioridazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Thioridazine. Approved, Withdrawn Tibolone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Tibolone. Approved, Investigational Ticagrelor Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ticagrelor. Approved Ticlopidine Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Ticlopidine. Approved Ticrynafen Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Ticrynafen. Withdrawn Timolol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Timolol. Approved Tinzaparin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tinzaparin. Approved Tioclomarol Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tioclomarol. Experimental Tipranavir Tipranavir may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Tirofiban Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Tirofiban. Approved Tizanidine The serum concentration of Tizanidine can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Tolazoline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Tolazoline. Approved, Vet Approved Tolonidine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Tolonidine. Experimental Topiramate Topiramate may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved Torasemide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Torasemide. Approved Tositumomab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Tositumomab. Approved, Investigational Trandolapril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trandolapril. Approved Tranilast Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Tranilast. Approved, Investigational Trapidil Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Trapidil. Approved Travoprost Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Travoprost. Approved Trazodone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trazodone. Approved, Investigational Treprostinil Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Treprostinil. Approved, Investigational Trichlormethiazide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trichlormethiazide. Approved, Vet Approved Trifluoperazine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trifluoperazine. Approved, Investigational Triflusal Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Triflusal. Approved, Investigational Trimazosin Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trimazosin. Experimental Trimethadione Trimethadione may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved Trimethaphan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trimethaphan. Approved, Investigational Trimipramine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Trimipramine. Approved Trolamine salicylate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Trolamine salicylate. Approved Trolnitrate Pentoxifylline may increase the vasodilatory activities of Trolnitrate. Experimental Troxerutin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Troxerutin. Investigational Udenafil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Udenafil is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Unoprostone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Unoprostone. Approved, Investigational Urapidil Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Urapidil. Investigational Urokinase Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Urokinase. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Valaciclovir The serum concentration of Valaciclovir can be increased when it is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved, Investigational Valproic Acid Valproic Acid may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Investigational Valsartan Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Valsartan. Approved, Investigational Vardenafil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Vardenafil is combined with Pentoxifylline. Approved Vemurafenib The serum concentration of Pentoxifylline can be increased when it is combined with Vemurafenib. Approved Venlafaxine Venlafaxine may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved Verapamil The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Verapamil. Approved Vincamine Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Vincamine. Experimental Vinpocetine Vinpocetine may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Investigational Vitamin E Vitamin E may increase the antiplatelet activities of Pentoxifylline. Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet Approved Vorapaxar Pentoxifylline may increase the antiplatelet activities of Vorapaxar. Approved Warfarin Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Warfarin. Approved Ximelagatran Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant activities of Ximelagatran. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Xipamide Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Xipamide. Experimental Xylometazoline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Xylometazoline. Approved, Investigational Ziprasidone Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Ziprasidone. Approved Zofenopril Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Zofenopril. Experimental Zonisamide Zonisamide may increase the excretion rate of Pentoxifylline which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Approved, Investigational Zucapsaicin The metabolism of Pentoxifylline can be decreased when combined with Zucapsaicin. Approved, Investigational Zuclopenthixol Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Zuclopenthixol. Approved, Investigational - Food Interactions
- Take with food to reduce irritation. Limit caffeine intake.
References
- General References
- Authors unspecified: European Pentoxifylline Multi-Infarct Dementia Study. Eur Neurol. 1996;36(5):315-21. [PubMed:8864715]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014944
- KEGG Drug
- D00501
- KEGG Compound
- C07424
- PubChem Compound
- 4740
- PubChem Substance
- 46505940
- ChemSpider
- 4578
- BindingDB
- 10850
- ChEBI
- 7986
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL628
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000048
- PharmGKB
- PA450864
- HET
- PNX
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Pentoxifylline
- ATC Codes
- R03DA20 — Combinations of xanthines
- R03DA — Xanthines
- R03D — OTHER SYSTEMIC DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- AHFS Codes
- 20:24.00 — Hemorrheologic Agents
- PDB Entries
- 2a3c / 3arr / 3aru / 3tvx
- FDA label
- Download (51.7 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (73.9 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Actavis elizabeth llc
- Apotex inc
- Biovail laboratories inc
- Heritage pharmaceuticals inc
- Impax laboratories inc
- Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
- Pliva inc
- Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
- Watson laboratories inc
- Upsher smith laboratories inc
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Packagers
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Amneal Pharmaceuticals
- Apotex Inc.
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
- Biovail Pharmaceuticals
- Cardinal Health
- Dept Health Central Pharmacy
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- Gallipot
- Golden State Medical Supply Inc.
- Heartland Repack Services LLC
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Mckesson Corp.
- Merrell Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mylan
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Pliva Inc.
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Remedy Repack
- Sandhills Packaging Inc.
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Torpharm Inc.
- Tya Pharmaceuticals
- UDL Laboratories
- Upsher Smith Laboratories
- Va Cmop Dallas
- Vangard Labs Inc.
- Zoetica Pharmaceutical Corp.
- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Kit Topical Tablet, extended release Oral 400 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 400 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 400 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit TRENtal 400 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.4USD tab Trental er 400 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Pentoxifylline powder 0.91USD g Trental 400 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.88USD tablet Pentoxifylline 400 mg tablet sa 0.71USD tablet Pentoxifylline CR 400 mg Controlled Release Tabs 0.62USD tab Pentoxil 400 mg Controlled Release Tabs 0.62USD tab Pentoxil er 400 mg tablet 0.62USD tablet Pentoxifylline er 400 mg tablet 0.6USD tablet Apo-Pentoxifylline Sr 400 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.4USD tablet Nu-Pentoxifylline-Sr 400 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.4USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 105 °C Not Available water solubility 7.7E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C) MERCK INDEX (1996) logP 0.29 BIOBYTE (1995) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 5.17 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 0.08 ALOGPS logP 0.23 ChemAxon logS -1.7 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 19.64 ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -0.93 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 75.51 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 5 ChemAxon Refractivity 73.52 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 29.27 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 2 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 1.0 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9851 Caco-2 permeable - 0.5056 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.595 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.6905 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Inhibitor 0.7157 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.7023 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.7897 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9117 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6511 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.9107 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9518 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.943 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9313 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9827 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.901 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.7131 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.8965 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.7457 Rat acute toxicity 2.4070 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.6463 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8734
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive LC-MS/MS Not Available MS/MS Spectrum - , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0059-1890000000-c9be2fe26b2862cba4f5 MS/MS Spectrum - , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-001r-2900000000-d54457aaede5317cef72 LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0059-2970000000-95d1edcd63b61b13b22e
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthines. These are purine derivatives with a ketone group conjugated at carbons 2 and 6 of the purine moiety.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Imidazopyrimidines
- Sub Class
- Purines and purine derivatives
- Direct Parent
- Xanthines
- Alternative Parents
- 6-oxopurines / Alkaloids and derivatives / Pyrimidones / N-substituted imidazoles / Vinylogous amides / Heteroaromatic compounds / Ureas / Lactams / Ketones / Azacyclic compounds show 4 more
- Substituents
- Xanthine / 6-oxopurine / Purinone / Alkaloid or derivatives / Pyrimidone / N-substituted imidazole / Pyrimidine / Azole / Imidazole / Heteroaromatic compound show 14 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- oxopurine (CHEBI:7986)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in mediating central nervous system effects of therapeutic agents ranging f...
- Gene Name
- PDE4B
- Uniprot ID
- Q07343
- Uniprot Name
- cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B
- Molecular Weight
- 83342.695 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Purine nucleoside binding
- Specific Function
- Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.
- Gene Name
- ADORA1
- Uniprot ID
- P30542
- Uniprot Name
- Adenosine receptor A1
- Molecular Weight
- 36511.325 Da
References
- Daly JW, Jacobson KA, Ukena D: Adenosine receptors: development of selective agonists and antagonists. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1987;230:41-63. [PubMed:3588607]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. This phosphodiesterase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of cGMP to 5'-GMP (PubMed:9714779, ...
- Gene Name
- PDE5A
- Uniprot ID
- O76074
- Uniprot Name
- cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase
- Molecular Weight
- 99984.14 Da
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.
- Gene Name
- PDE4A
- Uniprot ID
- P27815
- Uniprot Name
- cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A
- Molecular Weight
- 98142.155 Da
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Identical protein binding
- Specific Function
- Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
- Gene Name
- ADORA2A
- Uniprot ID
- P29274
- Uniprot Name
- Adenosine receptor A2a
- Molecular Weight
- 44706.925 Da
References
- Kreth S, Ledderose C, Luchting B, Weis F, Thiel M: Immunomodulatory properties of pentoxifylline are mediated via adenosine-dependent pathways. Shock. 2010 Jul;34(1):10-6. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181cdc3e2. [PubMed:19997047]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Nucleotide binding
- Specific Function
- Hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides. Exhibits AMP-, NAD-, and NMN-nucleosidase activities.
- Gene Name
- NT5E
- Uniprot ID
- P21589
- Uniprot Name
- 5'-nucleotidase
- Molecular Weight
- 63367.255 Da
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Ustunsoy H, Sivrikoz MC, Tarakcioglu M, Bakir K, Guldur E, Celkan MA: The effects of pentoxifylline on the myocardial inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Card Surg. 2006 Jan-Feb;21(1):57-61. [PubMed:16426349]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Lee SH, Slattery JT: Cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in lisofylline metabolism to pentoxifylline in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Dec;25(12):1354-8. [PubMed:9394024]
- Zhou SF, Yang LP, Zhou ZW, Liu YH, Chan E: Insights into the substrate specificity, inhibitors, regulation, and polymorphisms and the clinical impact of human cytochrome P450 1A2. AAPS J. 2009 Sep;11(3):481-94. doi: 10.1208/s12248-009-9127-y. Epub 2009 Jul 10. [PubMed:19590965]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on August 15, 2018 09:45