Apomorphine

Targets (15)Biointeractions (15)

Identification

Name
Apomorphine
Accession Number
DB00714  (APRD00531, DB05816)
Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Description

A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.

Structure
Thumb
3D
Similar Structures
Synonyms
  • (−)-10,11-dihydroxyaporphine
  • (6aR)-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol
  • (R)-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-6-methyl-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol
  • Apomorfina
  • Apomorphin
  • R-(−)-apomorphine
External IDs
APL-130277 / VR-040 / VR-400 / VR040
Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Apomorphine hydrochlorideF39049Y06841372-20-7CXWQXGNFZLHLHQ-DPFCLETOSA-N
Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing End
ApokynInjection30 mg/3mLSubcutaneousTercica2004-07-022011-10-31Us
ApokynLiquid10 mg/1mLSubcutaneousVernalis Pharmaceuticals Inc2006-09-192006-09-19Us
ApokynInjection30 mg/3mLSubcutaneousUs World Meds, Llc2004-07-02Not applicableUs
MovapoSolution10 mgSubcutaneousPaladin Labs Inc2017-09-07Not applicableCanada
MovapoSolution10 mgSubcutaneousPaladin Labs IncNot applicableNot applicableCanada
International/Other Brands
Ixense (Takeda (discontinued)) / Spontane / Uprima (Abbott (discontinued))
Categories
UNII
N21FAR7B4S
CAS number
58-00-4
Weight
Average: 267.3224
Monoisotopic: 267.125928793
Chemical Formula
C17H17NO2
InChI Key
VMWNQDUVQKEIOC-CYBMUJFWSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C17H17NO2/c1-18-8-7-10-3-2-4-12-15(10)13(18)9-11-5-6-14(19)17(20)16(11)12/h2-6,13,19-20H,7-9H2,1H3/t13-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(9R)-10-methyl-10-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(16),2(7),3,5,13(17),14-hexaene-3,4-diol
SMILES
[H][C@]12CC3=C(C(O)=C(O)C=C3)C3=CC=CC(CCN1C)=C23

Pharmacology

Indication

For the acute, intermittent treatment of hypomobility, off episodes (end-of-dose wearing off and unpredictable on/off episodes) associated with advanced Parkinson's disease.

Associated Conditions
Pharmacodynamics

Apomorphine is a type of dopaminergic agonist, a morphine derivative which primarily affects the hypothalamic region of the brain. Drugs containing this substance are sometimes used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease or erectile dysfunction. In higher doses it is a highly effective emetic.

Mechanism of action

The precise mechanism of action of apomorphine as a treatment for Parkinson's disease is unknown, although it is believed to be due to stimulation of post-synaptic dopamine D2-type receptors within the brain. Apomorphine has been shown to improve motor function in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. In particular, apomorphine attenuates the motor deficits induced by lesions in the ascending nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway with the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in primates.

TargetActionsOrganism
AD(3) dopamine receptor
agonist
Humans
AD(4) dopamine receptor
agonist
Humans
AD(2) dopamine receptor
agonist
Humans
UAlpha-2C adrenergic receptor
agonist
Humans
UAlpha-2B adrenergic receptor
agonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
agonist
Humans
UD(1B) dopamine receptor
agonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A
agonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
agonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B
agonist
Humans
UAlpha-2A adrenergic receptor
agonist
Humans
UD(1A) dopamine receptor
agonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D
agonist
Humans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B
agonist
Humans
UNeuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon
agonist
Humans
Absorption

100% following subcutaneous administration

Volume of distribution
  • 123 to 404 L
Protein binding

~50%-albumin

Metabolism

Hepatic

Route of elimination
Not Available
Half life

40 minutes (range 30 - 60 minutes)

Clearance
  • 223 L/hr
Toxicity

LD50=0.6 mmoles/kg (mice, intraperitoneal)

Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
DrugInteraction
(R)-warfarinThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with (R)-warfarin.
(S)-WarfarinThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with (S)-Warfarin.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamineThe risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamineThe risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine.
3,4-MethylenedioxyamphetamineThe risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine.
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamineThe risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine.
4-hydroxycoumarinThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 4-hydroxycoumarin.
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamineThe risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine.
7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolineThe risk or severity of serotonin syndrome can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with 7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline.
AbexinostatThe risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with Abexinostat.
Food Interactions
Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Narayanasamy Gurusamy, "Process for Making Apomorphine and Apocodeine." U.S. Patent US20100228032, issued September 09, 2010.

US20100228032
General References
  1. Matsumoto K, Yoshida M, Andersson KE, Hedlund P: Effects in vitro and in vivo by apomorphine in the rat corpus cavernosum. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 Sep;146(2):259-67. [PubMed:16025145]
  2. SCHWAB RS, AMADOR LV, LETTVIN JY: Apomorphine in Parkinson's disease. Trans Am Neurol Assoc. 1951;56:251-3. [PubMed:14913646]
  3. Cotzias GC, Papavasiliou PS, Fehling C, Kaufman B, Mena I: Similarities between neurologic effects of L-dipa and of apomorphine. N Engl J Med. 1970 Jan 1;282(1):31-3. [PubMed:4901383]
  4. Corsini GU, Del Zompo M, Gessa GL, Mangoni A: Therapeutic efficacy of apomorphine combined with an extracerebral inhibitor of dopamine receptors in Parkinson's disease. Lancet. 1979 May 5;1(8123):954-6. [PubMed:87620]
  5. Chaudhuri KR, Clough C: Subcutaneous apomorphine in Parkinson's disease. BMJ. 1998 Feb 28;316(7132):641. [PubMed:9522772]
External Links
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014852
KEGG Drug
D07460
PubChem Compound
6005
PubChem Substance
46508653
ChemSpider
5783
BindingDB
50001955
ChEBI
48538
ChEMBL
CHEMBL53
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000281
PharmGKB
PA164781163
IUPHAR
33
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Apomorphine
ATC Codes
G04BE07 — ApomorphineN04BC07 — Apomorphine
AHFS Codes
  • 28:36.20.08 — Nonergot-derivative Dopamine Receptor Agonists
  • 28:08.08 — Opiate Agonists
FDA label
Download (513 KB)
MSDS
Download (25.8 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
0CompletedBasic ScienceHealthy Volunteers1
2CompletedTreatmentOff Episodes of Parkinson Disease / Parkinson's Disease (PD)1
2CompletedTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)5
2RecruitingTreatmentApomorphine-induced Skin Reactions / Parkinson's Disease (PD)1
2RecruitingTreatmentDisorders of Consciousness1
2RecruitingTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)1
2RecruitingTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD) / Visual Hallucinations1
2SuspendedTreatmentBrain Injury1
2Unknown StatusBasic ScienceAlcohol Dependence1
2WithdrawnTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)1
2, 3CompletedTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)1
3Active Not RecruitingTreatmentIdiopathic Parkinson's Disease1
3Active Not RecruitingTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)1
3CompletedBasic ScienceParkinson's Disease (PD)1
3CompletedTreatmentIdiopathic Parkinson's Disease1
3CompletedTreatmentParkinson Disease, Off Episodes / Parkinson's Disease (PD)1
3CompletedTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)3
3RecruitingTreatmentMotor OFF Episodes Associated With Parkinson's Disease1
3RecruitingTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)2
4CompletedTreatmentAkinesia / Delayed Levadopa Onset / Delayed Levodopa Onset / Mobility decreased / Motor Symptoms / Parkinson's Disease (PD)1
4CompletedTreatmentBack Pain Lower Back Chronic1
4RecruitingTreatmentParkinson's Disease (PD)2
4TerminatedSupportive CareMotor Symptoms / Parkinson's Disease (PD)1
Not AvailableCompletedBasic ScienceParkinson's Disease (PD)1
Not AvailableNot Yet RecruitingOtherParkinson's Disease (PD)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Ipsen biopharm ltd
Packagers
  • Ipsen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Tercica Inc.
  • Vetter Pharma Fertigung GmbH and Co. KG
Dosage forms
FormRouteStrength
InjectionSubcutaneous30 mg/3mL
LiquidSubcutaneous10 mg/1mL
SolutionSubcutaneous10 mg
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
water solubility1.66E+004 mg/LNot Available
logP3.1Not Available
pKa8.92Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.51 mg/mLALOGPS
logP2.51ALOGPS
logP2.87ChemAxon
logS-2.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)6.58ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)13.25ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area43.7 Å2ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity79.99 m3·mol-1ChemAxon
Polarizability29.7 Å3ChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted ADMET features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9816
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9401
Caco-2 permeable+0.777
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.8501
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.8781
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.964
Renal organic cation transporterInhibitor0.6477
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7577
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.7039
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.9107
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9146
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9084
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8718
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9156
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9262
Ames testAMES toxic0.6775
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9736
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.8928
Rat acute toxicity2.6446 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.6544
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Inhibitor0.7734
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014r-0090000000-29608efdadd8efd375a6
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0090000000-052772c02bbf103a3ef5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00kr-0290000000-1e831a8078d43cfbdb51
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0090000000-49baaafc781fbd1a40ea
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0090000000-b2abd157ce4880c73d0b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0090000000-b747e9bb748f801c3f50
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0090000000-1a55345a571167f3fca6

Taxonomy

Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aporphines. These are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system or a dehydrogenated derivative thereof.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Alkaloids and derivatives
Class
Aporphines
Sub Class
Not Available
Direct Parent
Aporphines
Alternative Parents
Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Benzoquinolines / Naphthols and derivatives / Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Aralkylamines / 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Trialkylamines / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds
show 2 more
Substituents
Aporphine / Benzoquinoline / Phenanthrene / 2-naphthol / 1-naphthol / Naphthalene / Quinoline / Tetrahydroisoquinoline / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
show 14 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
isoquinoline alkaloid, isoquinolines (CHEBI:48538)

Targets

Details1. D(3) dopamine receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
G-protein coupled amine receptor activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Promotes cell proliferation.
Gene Name
DRD3
Uniprot ID
P35462
Uniprot Name
D(3) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
44224.335 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
Details2. D(4) dopamine receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Sh3 domain binding
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor responsible for neuronal signaling in the mesolimbic system of the brain, an area of the brain that regulates emotion and complex behavior. Its activity is mediated by G proteins ...
Gene Name
DRD4
Uniprot ID
P21917
Uniprot Name
D(4) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
48359.86 Da
References
  1. Boeckler F, Russig H, Zhang W, Lober S, Schetz J, Hubner H, Ferger B, Gmeiner P, Feldon J: FAUC 213, a highly selective dopamine D4 receptor full antagonist, exhibits atypical antipsychotic properties in behavioural and neurochemical models of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Aug;175(1):7-17. Epub 2004 Mar 6. [PubMed:15007532]
  2. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
  3. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
  4. Mansbach RS, Brooks EW, Sanner MA, Zorn SH: Selective dopamine D4 receptor antagonists reverse apomorphine-induced blockade of prepulse inhibition. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998 Jan;135(2):194-200. [PubMed:9497025]
  5. Melis MR, Succu S, Sanna F, Melis T, Mascia MS, Enguehard-Gueiffier C, Hubner H, Gmeiner P, Gueiffier A, Argiolas A: PIP3EA and PD-168077, two selective dopamine D4 receptor agonists, induce penile erection in male rats: site and mechanism of action in the brain. Eur J Neurosci. 2006 Oct;24(7):2021-30. [PubMed:17067298]
  6. Sanner MA, Chappie TA, Dunaiskis AR, Fliri AF, Desai KA, Zorn SH, Jackson ER, Johnson CG, Morrone JM, Seymour PA, Majchrzak MJ, Faraci WS, Collins JL, Duignan DB, Prete Di CC, Lee JS, Trozzi A: Synthesis, SAR and pharmacology of CP-293,019: a potent, selective dopamine D4 receptor antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Apr 7;8(7):725-30. [PubMed:9871530]
  7. Succu S, Sanna F, Melis T, Boi A, Argiolas A, Melis MR: Stimulation of dopamine receptors in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of male rats induces penile erection and increases extra-cellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens: Involvement of central oxytocin. Neuropharmacology. 2007 Mar;52(3):1034-43. Epub 2006 Dec 11. [PubMed:17164075]
Details3. D(2) dopamine receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Potassium channel regulator activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name
DRD2
Uniprot ID
P14416
Uniprot Name
D(2) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
50618.91 Da
References
  1. Berlin I, de Brettes B, Aymard G, Diquet B, Arnulf I, Puech AJ: Dopaminergic drug response and the genotype (Taq IA polymorphism) of the dopamine D2 receptor. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2000 Mar;3(1):35-43. [PubMed:11343576]
  2. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
  3. Kim HJ, Koh PO, Kang SS, Paik WY, Choi WS: The localization of dopamine D2 receptor mRNA in the human placenta and the anti-angiogenic effect of apomorphine in the chorioallantoic membrane. Life Sci. 2001 Jan 19;68(9):1031-40. [PubMed:11212866]
  4. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
  5. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. [PubMed:10641988]
  6. Lucht MJ, Kuehn KU, Schroeder W, Armbruster J, Abraham G, Schattenberg A, Gaensicke M, Barnow S, Tretzel H, Herrmann FH, Freyberger HJ: Influence of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) exon 8 genotype on efficacy of tiapride and clinical outcome of alcohol withdrawal. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Nov;11(8):647-53. [PubMed:11692072]
  7. Yamada S: [Disruption of prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle as an animal model for schizophrenia]. Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2000 Oct;20(4):131-9. [PubMed:11215397]
  8. Yamada S, Harano M, Annoh N, Nakamura K, Tanaka M: Involvement of serotonin 2A receptors in phencyclidine-induced disruption of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle in rats. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Sep 15;46(6):832-8. [PubMed:10494453]
Details4. Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Protein homodimerization activity
Specific Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins.
Gene Name
ADRA2C
Uniprot ID
P18825
Uniprot Name
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
49521.585 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details5. Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Epinephrine binding
Specific Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is clonidine...
Gene Name
ADRA2B
Uniprot ID
P18089
Uniprot Name
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
49565.8 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details6. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including ergot alkaloid derivatives, 1-2,5,-dimethoxy-4-...
Gene Name
HTR2C
Uniprot ID
P28335
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
Molecular Weight
51820.705 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details7. D(1B) dopamine receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
G-protein coupled amine receptor activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name
DRD5
Uniprot ID
P21918
Uniprot Name
D(1B) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
52950.5 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
  2. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details8. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers...
Gene Name
HTR1A
Uniprot ID
P08908
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A
Molecular Weight
46106.335 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details9. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Virus receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodop...
Gene Name
HTR2A
Uniprot ID
P28223
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
Molecular Weight
52602.58 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details10. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various ergot alkaloid derivatives and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation...
Gene Name
HTR2B
Uniprot ID
P41595
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B
Molecular Weight
54297.41 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details11. Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Thioesterase binding
Specific Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazo...
Gene Name
ADRA2A
Uniprot ID
P08913
Uniprot Name
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
48956.275 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details12. D(1A) dopamine receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
G-protein coupled amine receptor activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name
DRD1
Uniprot ID
P21728
Uniprot Name
D(1A) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
49292.765 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
  2. Guo H, Tang Z, Yu Y, Xu L, Jin G, Zhou J: Apomorphine induces trophic factors that support fetal rat mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in cultures. Eur J Neurosci. 2002 Nov;16(10):1861-70. [PubMed:12453049]
  3. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
  4. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. [PubMed:10641988]
Details13. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for ergot alkaloid derivatives, various anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs and other psychoactive subst...
Gene Name
HTR1D
Uniprot ID
P28221
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D
Molecular Weight
41906.38 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details14. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for ergot alkaloid derivatives, various anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs and other psychoactive subst...
Gene Name
HTR1B
Uniprot ID
P28222
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B
Molecular Weight
43567.535 Da
References
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. [PubMed:18691132]
Details15. Neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Clathrin light chain binding
Specific Function
Interacts with clathrin light chain A and stimulates clathrin self-assembly and clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Gene Name
CALY
Uniprot ID
Q9NYX4
Uniprot Name
Neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon
Molecular Weight
23433.49 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 22, 2019 22:55