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IdentificationPharmacologyInteractionsReferencesTrialsEconomicsPropertiesSpectraTaxonomyMethylprednisolone
Identification
- Name
- Methylprednisolone
- Accession Number
- DB00959 (APRD00342)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Vet approved
- Description
Methylprednisolone is a prednisolone derivative glucocorticoid with higher potency than prednisone.9 It was first described in the literature in the late 1950s.9,10
Methylprednisolone was granted FDA approval on 24 October 1957.12 In the outbreak of COVID-19, low dose methylprednisolone-based therapy was successful in treating COVID-19-associated pneumonia in one patient with long-term immunosuppression.11 The efficacy of methylprednisolone in novel coronavirus pneumonia is being investigated further in clinical trials.15
- Structure
Structure for Methylprednisolone (DB00959)
- Synonyms
- (6α,11β)-11,17,21-trihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
- 1-dehydro-6α-methylhydrocortisone
- 6α-methyl-11β,17α,21-triol-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
- delta(1)-6alpha-Methylhydrocortisone
- Methylprednisolon
- Methylprednisolone
- Methylprednisolonum
- Metilprednisolona
- External IDs
- J3.872E / NSC-19987
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Methylprednisolone acetate 43502P7F0P 53-36-1 PLBHSZGDDKCEHR-LFYFAGGJSA-N - Product Images
- Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Unlock Additional DataDepo-Medrol Injection, suspension 80 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue Pharmacia and Upjohn Company LLC 1959-05-28 Not applicable US 
Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 40 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue A-S Medication Solutions 1959-05-28 Not applicable US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 80 mg/1mL Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue A-S Medication Solutions 1959-05-28 2017-09-30 US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 40 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue A-S Medication Solutions 1959-05-28 Not applicable US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 40 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue Pharmacia and Upjohn Company LLC 1959-05-28 Not applicable US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 20 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue Pharmacia and Upjohn Company LLC 1959-05-28 Not applicable US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 40 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue Rebel Distributors 1959-05-28 Not applicable US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 40 mg/1mL Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue Remedy Repack 2016-06-15 2017-02-24 US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 40 mg/1mL Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue Remedy Repack 2015-05-07 2016-06-09 US Depo-Medrol Injection, suspension 80 mg/1mL Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue Pharmacia and Upjohn Company LLC 1959-05-28 Not applicable US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication Number
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct Code
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Learn more
- Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Unlock Additional DatamedPREDkit Plus Kit 4 mg/1 Medarbor Llc 2018-01-24 2018-02-20 US Methylpred DP Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral Direct_Rx 2019-06-26 Not applicable US Methylprednisolone Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral Nucare Pharmaceuticals,inc. 1997-10-31 Not applicable US Methylprednisolone Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral Proficient Rx LP 2016-05-26 Not applicable US Methylprednisolone Tablet 32 mg/1 Oral Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. 2018-05-01 Not applicable US Methylprednisolone Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral SunGen Pharma LLC 2019-06-28 Not applicable US MethylPREDNISolone Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral A S Medication Solutions 1998-12-22 Not applicable US 
Methylprednisolone Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral Nucare Pharmaceuticals,inc. 2018-05-14 Not applicable US Methylprednisolone Tablet 16 mg/1 Oral Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. 2018-05-01 Not applicable US Methylprednisolone Tablet 4 mg/1 Oral BluePoint Laboratories 2013-08-02 Not applicable US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication Number
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct Code
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Learn more
- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Depo-medrol With Lidocaine Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg) Suspension Intra-articular; Intrabursal Pfizer Canada Ulc 1973-12-31 Not applicable Canada 
Lido-mp40 Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) Kit Infiltration Burke Therapeutics, LLC 2015-06-18 2015-09-14 US medPREDkit Methylprednisolone (4 mg/1) + Omeprazole (20 mg/1) + Sodium bicarbonate (1100 mg/1) Kit Medarbor Llc 2017-12-25 2018-01-15 US Medrol Acne Lotion Methylprednisolone acetate (2.5 mg) + Aluminum chlorohydrate (100 mg) + Octasulfur (50 mg) Lotion Topical Pfizer Canada Ulc 1973-12-31 2014-04-04 Canada Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate for Injection, USP Methylprednisolone (1 g) + Water (20 ml) Powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Hospira Healthcare Ulc 1998-03-12 2019-04-05 Canada Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate for Injection, USP Methylprednisolone (500 mg) + Water (10 ml) Powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Hospira Healthcare Ulc 1998-03-12 2019-04-05 Canada Multi-Specialty Kit Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) Kit Topical Proficient Rx LP 2014-02-06 Not applicable US Neo-medrol Methylprednisolone acetate (2.5 mg) + Neomycin sulfate (5 mg) Cream Topical Pfizer Canada Ulc 1960-12-31 2006-08-02 Canada Neo-medrol Acne Lotion Methylprednisolone acetate (2.5 mg) + Aluminum chlorohydrate (100 mg) + Neomycin sulfate (2.5 mg) + Octasulfur (50 mg) Lotion Topical Pfizer Canada Ulc 1965-12-31 Not applicable Canada P-Care D40 Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL) Topical RX PHARMA-PACK, INC. 2017-06-16 Not applicable US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Dyural 40 Kit Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (2.5 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL) Kit Epidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Soft tissue; Subcutaneous; Topical Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2014-07-25 Not applicable US Dyural 80 Kit Methylprednisolone acetate (80 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (2.5 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL) Kit Epidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Soft tissue; Subcutaneous; Topical Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2014-08-01 Not applicable US Dyural L Kit Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL) Kit Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue; Topical Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2014-08-15 Not applicable US Dyural LM Kit Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (2.5 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL) Kit Epidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue; Topical Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2014-08-21 Not applicable US Hybrisil Methylprednisolone acetate (10 mg/1g) Gel Topical BioZone Laboratories, Inc. 2010-05-05 Not applicable US Medroloan II SUIK Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2016-06-29 Not applicable US Medroloan SUIK Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2016-06-29 Not applicable US Multi-Specialty Kit Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 mg/1mL) Kit Topical Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2014-02-06 Not applicable US Physicians EZ Use M-pred Methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (5 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1g) Kit Topical Asclemed Usa, Inc. 2013-05-30 Not applicable US - International/Other Brands
- Medrate / Medrone / Meprolone / Solomet / Urbason
- Categories
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones
- Adrenals
- Anti-Acne Preparations
- Anti-Acne Preparations for Topical Use
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Antiemetics
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Autonomic Agents
- Central Nervous System Agents
- Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
- Corticosteroid Hormone Receptor Agonists
- Corticosteroids
- Corticosteroids for Systemic Use
- Corticosteroids for Systemic Use, Plain
- Corticosteroids, Dermatological Preparations
- Corticosteroids, Weak (Group I)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Dermatologicals
- Experimental Unapproved Treatments for COVID-19
- Fused-Ring Compounds
- Gastrointestinal Agents
- Hormones
- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
- Hyperglycemia-Associated Agents
- Immunosuppressive Agents
- Neuroprotective Agents
- Ophthalmologicals
- P-glycoprotein inducers
- P-glycoprotein substrates
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Pregnadienes
- Pregnadienetriols
- Pregnanes
- Protective Agents
- Sensory Organs
- Steroids
- Systemic Hormonal Preparations, Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins
- UNII
- X4W7ZR7023
- CAS number
- 83-43-2
- Weight
- Average: 374.4706
Monoisotopic: 374.20932407 - Chemical Formula
- C22H30O5
- InChI Key
- VHRSUDSXCMQTMA-PJHHCJLFSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C22H30O5/c1-12-8-14-15-5-7-22(27,18(26)11-23)21(15,3)10-17(25)19(14)20(2)6-4-13(24)9-16(12)20/h4,6,9,12,14-15,17,19,23,25,27H,5,7-8,10-11H2,1-3H3/t12-,14-,15-,17-,19+,20-,21-,22-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (1R,3aS,3bS,5S,9aR,9bS,10S,11aS)-1,10-dihydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-5,9a,11a-trimethyl-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,7H,9aH,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
- SMILES
- [H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])C[C@H](C)C2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C
Pharmacology
- Indication
Oral and intramuscular methylprednisolone are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, gastrointestinal, nervous system, and other disorders.12,13 Intra-articular and soft tissue injections are indicated for short term treatment of acute gouty arthritis, acute and subactute bursitis, acute nonspecific tenosynovitis, epicondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and synovitis of osteoarthritis.13 Intralesional injections are indicated for alopecia areata, discoid lupus erythematosus, keloids, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus and psoriatic plaques, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, and localized hypertrophic infiltrated inflammatory lesions of granuloma annulare.13
- Associated Conditions
- Acne Rosacea
- Acute Gouty Arthritis
- Adrenal cortical hypofunctions
- Adrenocortical Hyperfunction
- Allergic corneal marginal ulcers
- Alopecia Areata (AA)
- Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)
- Anterior Segment Inflammation
- Aspiration Pneumonitis
- Asthma
- Atopic Dermatitis (AD)
- Berylliosis
- Bronchial Asthma
- Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis
- Bursitis
- Chorioretinitis
- Choroiditis
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
- Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia
- Conjunctivitis, Seasonal Allergic
- Corneal Inflammation
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Dermatitis exfoliative generalised
- Dermatitis, Contact
- Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)
- Drug hypersensitivity reaction
- Edema
- Edema of the cerebrum
- Epicondylitis
- Erythroblastopenia
- Eye inflammation
- Hypercalcemia
- Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Inflammatory Reaction
- Iridocyclitis
- Iritis
- Keloid Scars
- Leukemia, Acute
- Lichen Planus (LP)
- Lichen simplex chronicus
- Loeffler's syndrome
- Malignant Lymphomas
- Multiple sclerosis exacerbation
- Mycosis Fungoides (MF)
- Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum
- Ophthalmia, Sympathetic
- Optic Neuritis
- Pemphigus
- Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR)
- Polymyositis
- Post-traumatic Osteoarthritis
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Psoriatic plaque
- Pure Red Cell Aplasia
- Regional Enteritis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile
- Sarcoidosis
- Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR)
- Secondary thrombocytopenia
- Serum Sickness
- Severe Allergic Asthma
- Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Synovitis
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Temporal Arteritis
- Transfusion Reactions
- Trichinosis
- Tuberculosis Infection
- Tuberculosis Meningitis
- Tumors Metastatic to Brain
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Uveitis
- Acquired immune hemolytic anemia
- Acute nonspecific tenosynovitis
- Acute rheumatic carditis
- Cystic tumors of aponeurosis
- Cystic tumors of tendon
- Idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias
- Localized Hypertrophic, Inflammatory, Infiltrated granuloma annulare lesions
- Non-suppurative Thyroiditis
- Severe Psoriasis
- Systemic Dermatomyositis
- Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis
- Pharmacodynamics
Corticosteroids bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, inhibiting pro-inflammatory signals, and promoting anti-inflammatory signals.5 Corticosteroids have a wide therapeutic window as patients may require doses that are multiples of what the body naturally produces.5 Patients taking corticosteroids should be counselled regarding the risk of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression and increased susceptibility to infections.5
- Mechanism of action
The short term effects of corticosteroids are decreased vasodilation and permeability of capillaries, as well as decreased leukocyte migration to sites of inflammation.5 Corticosteroids binding to the glucocorticoid receptor mediates changes in gene expression that lead to multiple downstream effects over hours to days.5
Glucocorticoids inhibit neutrophil apoptosis and demargination; they inhibit phospholipase A2, which decreases the formation of arachidonic acid derivatives; they inhibit NF-Kappa B and other inflammatory transcription factors; they promote anti-inflammatory genes like interleukin-10.5
Lower doses of corticosteroids provide an anti-inflammatory effect, while higher doses are immunosuppressive.5 High doses of glucocorticoids for an extended period bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor, raising sodium levels and decreasing potassium levels.5
Target Actions Organism AGlucocorticoid receptor agonistHumans UAnnexin A1 agonistHumans - Absorption
Oral methylprednisolone has 89.9% the bioavailability of oral methylprednisolone acetate, while rectal methylprednisolone has 14.2% the bioavailability.6 Intravitreal methylprednisolone has a Tmax of 2.5h.7 Approximately 1/10 of an oral or IV dose of methylprednisolone will reach the vitreous humor.7 Further data regarding the absorption of methylprednisolone are not readily available.12,13
- Volume of distribution
The average volume of distribution of methylprednisolone is 1.38L/kg.1
- Protein binding
Methylprednisolone is 76.8% protein bound in plasma and does not significantly bind to corticosteroid binding protein.1 Methylprednisolone is bound to human serum albumin in plasma.2
- Metabolism
The metabolism of methylprednisolone is thought to be mostly mediated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and 20-ketosteroid reductases.1
- Route of elimination
Methylprednisolone and its metabolites have been collected in urine in humans.3 A study in dogs showed 25-31% elimination in urine and 44-52% elimination in feces.4
- Half life
- Clearance
The average plasma clearance of methylprednisolone is 336mL/h/kg.1
- Toxicity
The oral LD50 in rats is >4g/kg.14 The intraperitoneal LD50 in mice is 2292mg/kg and in rats is 100mg/kg.14
Data regarding acute overdoses of glucocorticoids are rare.12,13 Chronic high doses of glucocorticoids can lead to the development of cataract, glaucoma, hypertension, water retention, hyperlipidemia, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, myopathy, osteoporosis, mood changes, psychosis, dermal atrophy, allergy, acne, hypertrichosis, immune suppression, decreased resistance to infection, moon face, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, metabolic acidosis, growth suppression, and secondary adrenal insufficiency.8 Treat acute overdoses with symptomatic and supportive therapy, while chronic overdoses will require temporarily reduced dosages.8,13
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Unlock Additional Data
Additional Data Available
Adverse Effects
Comprehensive structured data on known drug adverse effects with statistical prevalence. MedDRA and ICD10 ids are provided for adverse effect conditions and symptoms.
Learn more Additional Data Available
Contraindications
Structured data covering drug contraindications. Each contraindication describes a scenario in which the drug is not to be used. Includes restrictions on co-administration, contraindicated populations, and more.
Learn more Additional Data Available
Blackbox Warnings
Structured data representing warnings from the black box section of drug labels. These warnings cover important and dangerous risks, contraindications, or adverse effects.
Learn moreInteractions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Unlock Additional Data(R)-warfarin The metabolism of (R)-warfarin can be increased when combined with Methylprednisolone. (S)-Warfarin The metabolism of (S)-Warfarin can be increased when combined with Methylprednisolone. 1-Testosterone The risk or severity of edema formation can be increased when 1-Testosterone is combined with Methylprednisolone. 1,10-Phenanthroline The therapeutic efficacy of 1,10-Phenanthroline can be decreased when used in combination with Methylprednisolone. 16-Bromoepiandrosterone The risk or severity of edema formation can be increased when 16-Bromoepiandrosterone is combined with Methylprednisolone. 19-norandrostenedione The risk or severity of edema formation can be increased when 19-norandrostenedione is combined with Methylprednisolone. 1alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D5 The therapeutic efficacy of 1alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D5 can be decreased when used in combination with Methylprednisolone. 1alpha,24S-Dihydroxyvitamin D2 The therapeutic efficacy of 1alpha,24S-Dihydroxyvitamin D2 can be decreased when used in combination with Methylprednisolone. 2-Methoxyethanol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methylprednisolone is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol. 2,4-thiazolidinedione The risk or severity of hyperglycemia can be increased when Methylprednisolone is combined with 2,4-thiazolidinedione. Additional Data Available- Extended DescriptionExtended Description
Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.
Learn more - Severity
- Evidence Level
- ActionAction
An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.
Learn more
- Food Interactions
- Avoid alcohol.
- Take with food. Food reduces GI irritation.
References
- Synthesis Reference
Klaus Annen, Karl Petzoldt, Henry Laurent, Rudolf Wiechert, Helmut Hofmeister, "Novel 6.alpha.-methylprednisolone derivatives, their preparation, and their use." U.S. Patent US4587236, issued March, 1973.
US4587236- General References
- Szefler SJ, Ebling WF, Georgitis JW, Jusko WJ: Methylprednisolone versus prednisolone pharmacokinetics in relation to dose in adults. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;30(3):323-9. doi: 10.1007/bf00541537. [PubMed:3732369]
- Abboud R, Akil M, Charcosset C, Greige-Gerges H: Interaction of glucocorticoids and progesterone derivatives with human serum albumin. Chem Phys Lipids. 2017 Oct;207(Pt B):271-278. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.04.007. Epub 2017 Apr 21. [PubMed:28435101]
- Matabosch X, Pozo OJ, Monfort N, Perez-Mana C, Farre M, Marcos J, Segura J, Ventura R: Urinary profile of methylprednisolone and its metabolites after oral and topical administrations. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2013 Nov;138:214-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.05.019. Epub 2013 Jun 20. [PubMed:23792784]
- BUHLER DR, THOMAS RC Jr, SCHLAGEL CA: ABSORPTION, METABOLISM AND EXCRETION OF 6-ALPHA-METHYL-PREDNISOLONE-3H,21-ACETATE FOLLOWING ORAL AND INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATIONS IN THE DOG. Endocrinology. 1965 May;76:852-64. doi: 10.1210/endo-76-5-852. [PubMed:14294877]
- Yasir M, Sonthalia S: Corticosteroid Adverse Effects . [PubMed:30285357]
- Garg DC, Wagner JG, Sakmar E, Weidler DJ, Albert KS: Rectal and oral absorption of methylprednisolone acetate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1979 Aug;26(2):232-9. doi: 10.1002/cpt1979262232. [PubMed:455892]
- Behar-Cohen FF, Gauthier S, El Aouni A, Chapon P, Parel JM, Renard G, Chauvaud D: Methylprednisolone concentrations in the vitreous and the serum after pulse therapy. Retina. 2001;21(1):48-53. doi: 10.1097/00006982-200102000-00008. [PubMed:11217929]
- Ciriaco M, Ventrice P, Russo G, Scicchitano M, Mazzitello G, Scicchitano F, Russo E: Corticosteroid-related central nervous system side effects. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013 Dec;4(Suppl 1):S94-8. doi: 10.4103/0976-500X.120975. [PubMed:24347992]
- FEINBERG SM, FEINBERG AR, PRUZANSKY J, FISHERMAN EW: Methylprednisolone (medrol), a potent new anti-inflammatory steroid; therapeutic results in allergic diseases. J Am Med Assoc. 1957 Nov 23;165(12):1560-2. doi: 10.1001/jama.1957.72980300006009b. [PubMed:13475063]
- BOLAND EW, LIDDLE GW: Metabolic and antirheumatic activities of 6-methylprednisolone (medrol). Ann Rheum Dis. 1957 Sep;16(3):297-306. doi: 10.1136/ard.16.3.297. [PubMed:13470731]
- Zhu L, Xu X, Ma K, Yang J, Guan H, Chen S, Chen Z, Chen G: Successful recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a renal transplant recipient with long-term immunosuppression. Am J Transplant. 2020 Mar 17. doi: 10.1111/ajt.15869. [PubMed:32181990]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Medrol Methylprednisolone Oral Tablets [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Depo-Medrol Methylprednisolone Acetate Injection [Link]
- Cayman Chemicals: Methylprednisolone MSDS [Link]
- Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroids in COVID-19 [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015094
- KEGG Drug
- D00407
- PubChem Compound
- 6741
- PubChem Substance
- 46504885
- ChemSpider
- 6485
- BindingDB
- 50103616
- RxNav
- 6902
- ChEBI
- 6888
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL650
- ZINC
- ZINC000003875560
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP001040
- PharmGKB
- PA450466
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Methylprednisolone
- ATC Codes
- D10AA02 — Methylprednisolone
- D10AA — Corticosteroids, combinations for treatment of acne
- D10A — ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE
- D10 — ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS
- D — DERMATOLOGICALS
- H02AB — Glucocorticoids
- H02A — CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR SYSTEMIC USE, PLAIN
- H02 — CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- H — SYSTEMIC HORMONAL PREPARATIONS, EXCL. SEX HORMONES AND INSULINS
- H02BX — Corticosteroids for systemic use, combinations
- H02B — CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR SYSTEMIC USE, COMBINATIONS
- H02 — CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- H — SYSTEMIC HORMONAL PREPARATIONS, EXCL. SEX HORMONES AND INSULINS
- D07CA — Corticosteroids, weak, combinations with antibiotics
- D07C — CORTICOSTEROIDS, COMBINATIONS WITH ANTIBIOTICS
- D07 — CORTICOSTEROIDS, DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
- D — DERMATOLOGICALS
- S01CA — Corticosteroids and antiinfectives in combination
- S01C — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENTS AND ANTIINFECTIVES IN COMBINATION
- S01 — OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
- S — SENSORY ORGANS
- AHFS Codes
- 68:04.00 — Adrenals
- 84:06.00 — Anti-inflammatory Agents
- FDA label
- Download (244 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (72.6 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Pharmacia and upjohn co
- Cadista pharmaceuticals inc
- Duramed pharmaceuticals inc sub barr laboratories inc
- Heather drug co inc
- Par pharmaceutical inc
- Sandoz inc
- Vintage pharmaceuticals inc
- Watson laboratories inc
- Abbott laboratories hosp products div
- Hemopharm usa corp
- Hospira inc
- Elkins sinn div ah robins co inc
- Organon usa inc
- Abraxis pharmaceutical products
- App pharmaceuticals llc
- Bedford laboratories
- International medication systems ltd
- Teva parenteral medicines inc
- Packagers
- Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
- Aidarex Pharmacuticals LLC
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Apotheca Inc.
- APP Pharmaceuticals
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
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- Bedford Labs
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- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Injection, suspension Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue 20 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue 40 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue 80 mg/1mL Suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial Suspension Intra-articular; Intrabursal Kit Epidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Soft tissue; Subcutaneous; Topical Kit Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue; Topical Kit Epidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue; Topical Gel Topical 10 mg/1g Kit Infiltration Kit Kit 4 mg/1 Tablet Oral 2 mg/1 Tablet Oral 32 mg/1 Tablet Oral Cream Topical Tablet Oral 16 mg/1 Tablet Oral 4 mg/1 Tablet Oral 8 mg/1 Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue 40 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Parenteral; Soft tissue 40 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Parenteral; Soft tissue 80 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue 40 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Soft tissue 80 mg/1mL Injection, suspension Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue 40 mg/1mL Suspension Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Soft tissue Powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Cream Topical Lotion Topical Kit Topical Kit Epidural; Infiltration Kit; powder Intramuscular; Intravenous 1 g Kit; powder Intramuscular; Intravenous 125 mg Kit; powder Intramuscular; Intravenous 40 mg Kit; powder Intramuscular; Intravenous 500 mg Kit; powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 1 g Kit; powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 125 mg Kit; powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 40 mg Kit; powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 500 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Methylprednisolone powder 96.25USD g Methylprednisolone ac powdr 40.09USD g Methylprednisolone ss 1 gm vial 31.2USD vial Solu-medrol 1 gm vial 24.43USD vial Solu-medrol (pf) 500 mg vial 20.9USD vial MethylPREDNISolone (Pak) 21 4 mg tablet Disp Pack 16.99USD disp Methylprednisolone 500 mg vial 15.6USD vial Solu-medrol 500 mg vial 12.9USD vial Depo-medrol 80 mg/ml vial 11.67USD ml Methylprednisolone 125 mg vial 10.0USD vial Methylprednisolone 80 mg/ml vial 9.12USD ml Depo-medrol 40 mg/ml vial 6.41USD ml Solu-medrol (pf) 125 mg vial 5.83USD vial Methylprednisolone 40 mg/ml vial 5.22USD ml Medrol 32 mg tablet 5.13USD tablet Methylprednisolone 32 mg tablet 4.62USD tablet Depo-medrol 20 mg/ml vial 3.78USD ml Methylprednisolone 16 mg tablet 3.17USD tablet Methylprednisolone 40 mg vial 3.0USD vial A-methapred 40 mg vial 2.36USD vial Medrol 16 mg tablet 2.28USD tablet Medrol 8 mg tablet 2.23USD tablet Methylprednisolone 8 mg tablet 1.74USD tablet Methylprednisolone 4 mg tablet 1.68USD tablet Medrol 4 mg dosepak 1.59USD each Medrol 4 mg tablet 0.99USD tablet Medrol 2 mg tablet 0.84USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 232.5 °C PhysProp water solubility 120 mg/L (at 25 °C) YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logP 1.525 ChemSpider logS -2.99 ADME Research, USCD - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.109 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 2.06 ALOGPS logP 1.56 ChemAxon logS -3.5 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 12.59 ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -2.9 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 94.83 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 ChemAxon Refractivity 103.04 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 40.77 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 4 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9911 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9484 Caco-2 permeable - 0.6404 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.7812 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.7489 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.604 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.769 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8415 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9115 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.7582 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9473 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.907 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9513 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9026 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8309 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9167 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9337 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9529 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9492 Rat acute toxicity 2.0025 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9459 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.5985
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Lipids and lipid-like molecules
- Class
- Steroids and steroid derivatives
- Sub Class
- Hydroxysteroids
- Direct Parent
- 21-hydroxysteroids
- Alternative Parents
- Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives / 20-oxosteroids / 3-oxo delta-1,4-steroids / 17-hydroxysteroids / 11-beta-hydroxysteroids / Delta-1,4-steroids / Tertiary alcohols / Alpha-hydroxy ketones / Secondary alcohols / Cyclic ketones show 4 more
- Substituents
- Progestogin-skeleton / 21-hydroxysteroid / 20-oxosteroid / Pregnane-skeleton / 3-oxo-delta-1,4-steroid / 3-oxosteroid / Oxosteroid / 11-beta-hydroxysteroid / 11-hydroxysteroid / 17-hydroxysteroid show 15 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- 6-methylprednisolone (CHEBI:6888) / C21 steroids (gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins) and derivatives (LMST02030178)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modula...
- Gene Name
- NR3C1
- Uniprot ID
- P04150
- Uniprot Name
- Glucocorticoid receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 85658.57 Da
References
- Owen HC, Miner JN, Ahmed SF, Farquharson C: The growth plate sparing effects of the selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, AL-438. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2007 Jan 29;264(1-2):164-70. Epub 2006 Dec 19. [PubMed:17182172]
- Juruena MF, Cleare AJ, Papadopoulos AS, Poon L, Lightman S, Pariante CM: Different responses to dexamethasone and prednisolone in the same depressed patients. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Dec;189(2):225-35. Epub 2006 Oct 3. [PubMed:17016711]
- Boivin MA, Ye D, Kennedy JC, Al-Sadi R, Shepela C, Ma TY: Mechanism of glucocorticoid regulation of the intestinal tight junction barrier. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Feb;292(2):G590-8. Epub 2006 Oct 26. [PubMed:17068119]
- Quesnell RR, Han X, Schultz BD: Glucocorticoids stimulate ENaC upregulation in bovine mammary epithelium. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 May;292(5):C1739-45. Epub 2007 Jan 24. [PubMed:17251323]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Structural molecule activity
- Specific Function
- Plays important roles in the innate immune response as effector of glucocorticoid-mediated responses and regulator of the inflammatory process. Has anti-inflammatory activity (PubMed:8425544). Play...
- Gene Name
- ANXA1
- Uniprot ID
- P04083
- Uniprot Name
- Annexin A1
- Molecular Weight
- 38713.855 Da
References
- Serres M, Viac J, Comera C, Schmitt D: Expression of annexin I in freshly isolated human epidermal cells and in cultured keratinocytes. Arch Dermatol Res. 1994;286(5):268-72. [PubMed:8060156]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein group
- Organism
- Humans and other mammals
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts progesterone to its inactive form, 20-alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone (20-alpha-OHP). In the liver and intestine, may have a role in the transport of bile. May have a role in monitoring the in...
Components:
| Name | UniProt ID |
|---|---|
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 | Q04828 |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 | P52895 |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 | P42330 |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 | P17516 |
References
- Malatkova P, Wsol V: Carbonyl reduction pathways in drug metabolism. Drug Metab Rev. 2014 Feb;46(1):96-123. doi: 10.3109/03602532.2013.853078. Epub 2013 Oct 31. [PubMed:24171394]
- Szefler SJ, Ebling WF, Georgitis JW, Jusko WJ: Methylprednisolone versus prednisolone pharmacokinetics in relation to dose in adults. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;30(3):323-9. doi: 10.1007/bf00541537. [PubMed:3732369]
- Kind
- Protein group
- Organism
- Humans and other mammals
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [nad(p)] activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes reversibly the conversion of cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. Catalyzes reversibly the conversion of 7-ketocholesterol to 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol. In intact cells, the rea...
Components:
| Name | UniProt ID |
|---|---|
| Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 | P28845 |
| Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 | P80365 |
References
- Szefler SJ, Ebling WF, Georgitis JW, Jusko WJ: Methylprednisolone versus prednisolone pharmacokinetics in relation to dose in adults. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;30(3):323-9. doi: 10.1007/bf00541537. [PubMed:3732369]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Lee SJ, Jusko WJ, Salaita CG, Calis KA, Jann MW, Spratlin VE, Goldstein JA, Hon YY: Reduced methylprednisolone clearance causing prolonged pharmacodynamics in a healthy subject was not associated with CYP3A5*3 allele or a change in diet composition. J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 May;46(5):515-26. doi: 10.1177/0091270006287588. [PubMed:16638735]
- Usui T, Saitoh Y, Komada F: Induction of CYP3As in HepG2 cells by several drugs. Association between induction of CYP3A4 and expression of glucocorticoid receptor. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Apr;26(4):510-7. doi: 10.1248/bpb.26.510. [PubMed:12673034]
- Pichard L, Fabre I, Daujat M, Domergue J, Joyeux H, Maurel P: Effect of corticosteroids on the expression of cytochromes P450 and on cyclosporin A oxidase activity in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 1992 Jun;41(6):1047-55. [PubMed:1614409]
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Litt J. (2016). Litt's Drug eruption & reaction manual (22nd ed.). CRC Press LLc.
- Kind
- Protein group
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Components:
| Name | UniProt ID |
|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 3A4 | P08684 |
| Cytochrome P450 3A43 | Q9HB55 |
| Cytochrome P450 3A5 | P20815 |
| Cytochrome P450 3A7 | P24462 |
References
- Roberts JK, Moore CD, Romero EG, Ward RM, Yost GS, Reilly CA: Regulation of CYP3A genes by glucocorticoids in human lung cells. F1000Res. 2013 Aug 13;2:173. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.2-173.v2. eCollection 2013. [PubMed:24555085]
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Const...
- Gene Name
- CYP2A6
- Uniprot ID
- P11509
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2A6
- Molecular Weight
- 56501.005 Da
References
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1B1
- Uniprot ID
- Q16678
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1B1
- Molecular Weight
- 60845.33 Da
References
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID
- P20813
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2B6
- Molecular Weight
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Abboud R, Akil M, Charcosset C, Greige-Gerges H: Interaction of glucocorticoids and progesterone derivatives with human serum albumin. Chem Phys Lipids. 2017 Oct;207(Pt B):271-278. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.04.007. Epub 2017 Apr 21. [PubMed:28435101]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Oka A, Oda M, Saitoh H, Nakayama A, Takada M, Aungst BJ: Secretory transport of methylprednisolone possibly mediated by P-glycoprotein in Caco-2 cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Mar;25(3):393-6. [PubMed:11913542]
- Troutman MD, Thakker DR: Novel experimental parameters to quantify the modulation of absorptive and secretory transport of compounds by P-glycoprotein in cell culture models of intestinal epithelium. Pharm Res. 2003 Aug;20(8):1210-24. [PubMed:12948019]
- Yates CR, Chang C, Kearbey JD, Yasuda K, Schuetz EG, Miller DD, Dalton JT, Swaan PW: Structural determinants of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of glucocorticoids. Pharm Res. 2003 Nov;20(11):1794-803. [PubMed:14661924]
- Matoulkova P, Pavek P, Maly J, Vlcek J: Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3):425-35. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703. Epub 2014 Jan 23. [PubMed:24451000]
- Tomita M, Watanabe A, Fujinaga I, Yamakawa T, Hayashi M: Nonlinear absorption of methylprednisolone by absorptive and secretory transporters. Int J Pharm. 2010 Mar 15;387(1-2):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.10.042. Epub 2009 Oct 31. [PubMed:19883743]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on April 07, 2020 20:19
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