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IdentificationPharmacologyInteractionsReferencesTrialsEconomicsPropertiesSpectraTaxonomyIdentification
- Name
- Verapamil
- Accession Number
- DB00661 (APRD00335)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Description
A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.
- Structure
Structure for DB00661 (Verapamil)
- Synonyms
- Iproveratril
- Vérapamil
- Verapamil
- Verapamilo
- Verapamilum
- External IDs
- CP-16,533-1 / D-365
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Verapamil hydrochloride V3888OEY5R 152-11-4 DOQPXTMNIUCOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Product Images
- Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Calan Tablet, film coated 80 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1984-09-10 Not applicable US 
Calan Tablet, film coated 120 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1984-09-10 Not applicable US Calan SR Tablet, film coated, extended release 120 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1991-03-06 Not applicable US Calan SR Tablet, film coated, extended release 240 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1986-12-16 Not applicable US 
Calan SR Tablet, film coated, extended release 180 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1989-12-15 Not applicable US Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 180 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1996-02-26 2016-10-13 US Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 240 mg Oral Pfizer 1997-11-13 2013-02-15 Canada 
Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 240 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1996-02-26 2016-10-13 US Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 180 mg Oral Pfizer 1997-11-13 2013-02-15 Canada Isoptin Inj 2.5mg/ml Liquid 2.5 mg Intravenous Abbott 1984-12-31 2007-07-31 Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Alti-verapamil - 120mg Tablet 120 mg Oral Altimed Pharma Inc. 1990-12-31 2004-08-03 Canada Alti-verapamil - 80mg Tablet 80 mg Oral Altimed Pharma Inc. 1990-12-31 2004-08-03 Canada Apo-verap SR Tablet, extended release 180 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2003-04-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap SR Tablet, extended release 120 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2003-04-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap SR Tablet, extended release 240 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2003-04-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap Tab 80mg Tablet 80 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1989-12-31 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap Tablet 120mg Tablet 120 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1989-12-31 Not applicable Canada Dom-verapamil SR 240mg Tablets Tablet, extended release 240 mg Oral Dominion Pharmacal 1999-12-16 Not applicable Canada Mylan-verapamil Tablet 80 mg Oral Mylan Pharmaceuticals 1998-05-25 Not applicable Canada Mylan-verapamil Tablet 120 mg Oral Mylan Pharmaceuticals 1998-05-11 Not applicable Canada - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (180 mg) + Trandolapril (2 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Abbott 2002-07-15 2010-11-12 Canada Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2005-05-27 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (4 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Abbvie 1996-10-22 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (180 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2009-01-01 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg) + Trandolapril (2 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Bgp Pharma Ulc 2002-07-15 Not applicable Canada Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (180 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Abbvie 1996-10-22 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg) + Trandolapril (4 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Bgp Pharma Ulc 2002-07-15 Not applicable Canada Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Abbvie 1996-10-22 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (4 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2009-06-25 Not applicable US 
Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg) + Trandolapril (1 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Abbott 2002-07-15 2010-11-12 Canada - International/Other Brands
- Bosoptin (Bosnalijek) / Isoptin (Abbott) / Verisop (Gerard) / Vermin (Ratiopharm) / Vermine (Pharmasant) / Verogalid (Ivax) / Verogalid ER (Ivax) / Verpamil (Mylan) / Vertab (Trinity-Chiesi) / Vetrimil (CCPC) / Zolvera (Rosemont)
- Categories
- ACE Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists
- Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists
- Adrenergic Antagonists
- Agents Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin System
- Amines
- Antiarrhythmic agents
- BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors
- Bradycardia-Causing Agents
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Calcium Channel Blockers (Nondihydropyridine)
- Calcium Channel Blockers, Dihydropyridine and Nondihydropyridine
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Cardiovascular System
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors (weak)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Ethylamines
- Hypotensive Agents
- Membrane Transport Modulators
- Miscellaneous Calcium-channel Blocking Agents
- P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inducers
- P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates
- Phenethylamines
- Phenylalkylamine Derivatives
- Selective Calcium Channel Blockers With Direct Cardiac Effects
- Vasodilating Agents
- Verapamil
- UNII
- CJ0O37KU29
- CAS number
- 52-53-9
- Weight
- Average: 454.6016
Monoisotopic: 454.283157714 - Chemical Formula
- C27H38N2O4
- InChI Key
- SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C27H38N2O4/c1-20(2)27(19-28,22-10-12-24(31-5)26(18-22)33-7)14-8-15-29(3)16-13-21-9-11-23(30-4)25(17-21)32-6/h9-12,17-18,20H,8,13-16H2,1-7H3
- IUPAC Name
- 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
- SMILES
- COC1=C(OC)C=C(CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2)C=C1
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of hypertension, angina, and cluster headache prophylaxis.
- Associated Conditions
- Pharmacodynamics
Verapamil is an L-type calcium channel blocker that also has antiarrythmic activity. The R-enantiomer is more effective at reducing blood pressure compared to the S-enantiomer. However, the S-enantiomer is 20 times more potent than the R-enantiomer at prolonging the PR interval in treating arrhythmias.
- Mechanism of action
Verapamil inhibits voltage-dependent calcium channels. Specifically, its effect on L-type calcium channels in the heart causes a reduction in ionotropy and chronotropy, thuis reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Verapamil's mechanism of effect in cluster headache is thought to be linked to its calcium-channel blocker effect, but which channel subtypes are involved is presently not known.
- Absorption
90%
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
90%
- Metabolism
- Route of elimination
Approximately 70% of an administered dose is excreted as metabolites in the urine and 16% or more in the feces within 5 days. About 3% to 4% is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug.
- Half life
2.8-7.4 hours
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Toxicity
LD50=8 mg/kg (i.v. in mice)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
Pathway Category Verapamil Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Interacting Gene/Enzyme Allele name Genotype(s) Defining Change(s) Type(s) Description Details Beta-1 adrenergic receptor --- (G;G) / (C;G) G > C Effect Directly Studied Patients with this genotype require a lower dosage of verapamil to achieve a favourable rate-control response when treating atrial fibrillation. Details
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction Drug group (1S,6R)-3-{[3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-5,6-DIHYDRO[1,2,4]TRIAZOLO[4,3-A]PYRAZIN-7(8H)-YL]CARBONYL}-6-(2,4,5-TRIFLUOROPHENYL)CYCLOHEX-3-EN-1-AMINE The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with (1S,6R)-3-{[3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-5,6-DIHYDRO[1,2,4]TRIAZOLO[4,3-A]PYRAZIN-7(8H)-YL]CARBONYL}-6-(2,4,5-TRIFLUOROPHENYL)CYCLOHEX-3-EN-1-AMINE. Experimental 1,10-Phenanthroline The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with 1,10-Phenanthroline. Experimental 2-HYDROXY-1,4-NAPHTHOQUINONE The therapeutic efficacy of 2-HYDROXY-1,4-NAPHTHOQUINONE can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental 2-mercaptobenzothiazole The therapeutic efficacy of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved 3,4-Dichloroisocoumarin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with 3,4-Dichloroisocoumarin. Experimental 4-(2-Aminoethyl)Benzenesulfonyl Fluoride The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with 4-(2-Aminoethyl)Benzenesulfonyl Fluoride. Experimental 4-Methoxyamphetamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of 4-Methoxyamphetamine. Experimental, Illicit Abemaciclib The metabolism of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Abiraterone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. Approved Acebutolol Acebutolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Acenocoumarol The metabolism of Acenocoumarol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Acepromazine Acepromazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Acetaminophen The metabolism of Acetaminophen can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Acetyl sulfisoxazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Acetyl sulfisoxazole. Approved, Vet Approved Acetyldigitoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Acetyldigitoxin. Approved Acetyldigoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Acetyldigoxin. Experimental Acetylsalicylic acid Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acetylsalicylic acid. Approved, Vet Approved Adinazolam The metabolism of Adinazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Adrafinil Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Adrafinil. Withdrawn Afatinib The serum concentration of Afatinib can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Agmatine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Agmatine. Experimental, Investigational Albendazole The metabolism of Albendazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Alclometasone The metabolism of Alclometasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Aldesleukin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Verapamil. Approved Alfentanil The metabolism of Alfentanil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Alfuzosin Alfuzosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Aliskiren The serum concentration of Aliskiren can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Allylestrenol The metabolism of Allylestrenol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Almotriptan The metabolism of Almotriptan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Alogliptin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Alogliptin. Approved Alosetron The metabolism of Alosetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Aloxiprin Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Aloxiprin. Experimental Alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor. Approved alpha-Tocopherol acetate The metabolism of alpha-Tocopherol acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Alprazolam The metabolism of Alprazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Alprenolol Alprenolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Ambrisentan The metabolism of Ambrisentan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ambroxol The metabolism of Ambroxol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amibegron Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Amibegron. Investigational Amifostine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amifostine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amiloride The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amiloride is combined with Verapamil. Approved Aminophenazone The metabolism of Aminophenazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Aminophylline The metabolism of Aminophylline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Aminosalicylic Acid Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Aminosalicylic Acid. Approved Amiodarone The risk or severity of bradycardia can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Amiodarone. Approved, Investigational Amitraz Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Amitraz. Vet Approved Amitriptyline Amitriptyline may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Amlodipine The metabolism of Amlodipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Amobarbital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Amobarbital. Approved, Illicit Amorolfine The therapeutic efficacy of Amorolfine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amoxapine Amoxapine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Amphotericin B The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amphotericin B is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amprenavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Amprenavir. Approved, Investigational Amrinone The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Amrinone. Approved Amyl Nitrite The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Amyl Nitrite. Approved Anidulafungin The therapeutic efficacy of Anidulafungin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Anisodamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Anisodamine. Investigational Antipyrine The metabolism of Antipyrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Antithrombin III human The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Antithrombin III human. Approved Apalutamide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Apalutamide. Approved, Investigational Apixaban The serum concentration of Apixaban can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Apomorphine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Apomorphine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Apraclonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Apraclonidine. Approved Apremilast The metabolism of Apremilast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Aprepitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Aprepitant. Approved, Investigational Aprotinin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Aprotinin. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Aranidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Aranidipine. Approved, Investigational Arbutamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Arbutamine. Approved Arformoterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Arformoterol. Approved, Investigational Argatroban The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Argatroban. Approved, Investigational Aripiprazole The serum concentration of Aripiprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Armodafinil The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Armodafinil. Approved, Investigational Arotinolol The risk or severity of hypotension, conduction block, and bradycardia can be increased when Arotinolol is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Arsenic trioxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Arsenic trioxide is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Artemether The metabolism of Artemether can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Asenapine Asenapine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Astemizole The metabolism of Astemizole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Asunaprevir The serum concentration of Asunaprevir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Atazanavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Atazanavir. Approved, Investigational Atenolol Atenolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Atomoxetine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Atomoxetine. Approved Atorvastatin Atorvastatin can cause a decrease in the absorption of Verapamil resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Approved Avanafil The serum concentration of Avanafil can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Avatrombopag The metabolism of Avatrombopag can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Axitinib The metabolism of Axitinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Azelastine The metabolism of Azelastine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Azelnidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Azelnidipine. Approved, Investigational Azilsartan medoxomil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Azilsartan medoxomil. Approved, Investigational Azimilide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Azimilide. Investigational Azithromycin The metabolism of Azithromycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Bafilomycin A1 The therapeutic efficacy of Bafilomycin A1 can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Balsalazide Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Balsalazide. Approved, Investigational Bambuterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Bambuterol. Approved, Investigational Banoxantrone The metabolism of Banoxantrone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Barbexaclone The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Barbexaclone. Experimental Barbital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Barbital. Illicit Baricitinib The metabolism of Baricitinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Barnidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Barnidipine is combined with Verapamil. Approved Batimastat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Batimastat. Experimental Bedaquiline The metabolism of Bedaquiline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Befunolol Befunolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Benazepril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Benazepril. Approved, Investigational Bencyclane The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Bencyclane. Experimental Bendroflumethiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bendroflumethiazide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Benidipine The metabolism of Benidipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Benzamidine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Benzamidine. Experimental Benzoic Acid The therapeutic efficacy of Benzoic Acid can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Benzphetamine The metabolism of Benzphetamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Benzyl alcohol The metabolism of Benzyl alcohol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Bepridil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bepridil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Beractant Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Beractant. Approved Betaxolol Betaxolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bevantolol Bevantolol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Bexarotene The metabolism of Bexarotene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bezafibrate The metabolism of Bezafibrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bicalutamide The metabolism of Bicalutamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Bictegravir The metabolism of Bictegravir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bifonazole The therapeutic efficacy of Bifonazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bioallethrin The metabolism of Bioallethrin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Experimental Bisoprolol Bisoprolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Bitolterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Bitolterol. Withdrawn Bivalirudin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Bivalirudin. Approved, Investigational Blonanserin The metabolism of Blonanserin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Boceprevir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Boceprevir. Approved, Withdrawn Bopindolol Bopindolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Bortezomib The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Bortezomib. Approved, Investigational Bosentan The serum concentration of Bosentan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bosutinib The serum concentration of Bosutinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Brefeldin A The therapeutic efficacy of Brefeldin A can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Brentuximab vedotin The serum concentration of Brentuximab vedotin can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bretylium Bretylium may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved Brexpiprazole The serum concentration of Brexpiprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Brigatinib The metabolism of Brigatinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Brimonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Brimonidine is combined with Verapamil. Approved Brinzolamide The metabolism of Brinzolamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Brivaracetam The metabolism of Brivaracetam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bromazepam The metabolism of Bromazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Bromocriptine The metabolism of Bromocriptine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Brompheniramine The metabolism of Brompheniramine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Bucindolol Bucindolol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Budesonide The serum concentration of Budesonide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Bufuralol Bufuralol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational Bumetanide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Bumetanide. Approved Bunazosin Bunazosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Bupivacaine The metabolism of Bupivacaine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bupranolol Bupranolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Buprenorphine The metabolism of Buprenorphine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet Approved Bupropion The metabolism of Bupropion can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Buspirone The metabolism of Buspirone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Busulfan The metabolism of Busulfan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Butenafine The therapeutic efficacy of Butenafine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Butoconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Butoconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Cabazitaxel The metabolism of Cabazitaxel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cabergoline The metabolism of Cabergoline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cabozantinib The metabolism of Cabozantinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Caffeine The metabolism of Caffeine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Calcitriol The metabolism of Calcitriol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Calcium Acetate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Acetate. Approved, Investigational Calcium Carbonate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Carbonate. Approved, Investigational Calcium Chloride The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Chloride. Approved Calcium Citrate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Citrate. Approved Calcium glubionate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium glubionate. Approved Calcium Gluceptate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Gluceptate. Approved Calcium gluconate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium gluconate. Approved, Vet Approved Calcium lactate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium lactate. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Calcium lactate gluconate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium lactate gluconate. Experimental Calcium levulinate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium levulinate. Approved, Experimental Calcium pangamate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium pangamate. Experimental Calcium Phosphate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Phosphate. Approved Calfactant Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Calfactant. Approved Camostat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Camostat. Experimental Canagliflozin The metabolism of Canagliflozin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Candesartan cilexetil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Candesartan cilexetil. Approved Candicidin The therapeutic efficacy of Candicidin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Withdrawn Candoxatril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Candoxatril. Experimental Candoxatrilat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Candoxatrilat. Experimental Cannabidiol The metabolism of Cannabidiol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Capecitabine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Capecitabine. Approved, Investigational Capric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Capric acid can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Captopril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Captopril. Approved Carbamazepine The serum concentration of Carbamazepine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Carbaspirin calcium Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Carbaspirin calcium. Experimental, Investigational Carbetocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carbetocin is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Carbinoxamine The metabolism of Carbinoxamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Carboxyamidotriazole The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Carboxyamidotriazole. Investigational Cariprazine The metabolism of Cariprazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Caroverine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Caroverine. Experimental Carteolol Carteolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Carvedilol Carvedilol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Casein The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Casein. Approved Caspofungin The therapeutic efficacy of Caspofungin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Celecoxib The metabolism of Celecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Celiprolol Celiprolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cephalexin The metabolism of Cephalexin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Ceritinib Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Ceritinib. Approved Cerivastatin The serum concentration of Cerivastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Cerulenin The therapeutic efficacy of Cerulenin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Cevimeline The metabolism of Cevimeline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Chenodeoxycholic acid The metabolism of Chenodeoxycholic acid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Chloramphenicol The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Chloramphenicol. Approved, Vet Approved Chlordiazepoxide The metabolism of Chlordiazepoxide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Chloroquine The metabolism of Chloroquine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Chlorothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Chlorothiazide. Approved, Vet Approved Chloroxine The therapeutic efficacy of Chloroxine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Chlorphenamine The metabolism of Chlorphenamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Chlorthalidone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorthalidone is combined with Verapamil. Approved Chlorzoxazone The metabolism of Chlorzoxazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cholecalciferol The metabolism of Cholecalciferol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Cholic Acid Verapamil may decrease the excretion rate of Cholic Acid which could result in a higher serum level. Approved Chymostatin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Chymostatin. Experimental Ciclesonide The metabolism of Ciclesonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ciclopirox The therapeutic efficacy of Ciclopirox can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cilastatin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Cilastatin. Approved, Investigational Cilazapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Cilazapril. Approved Cilnidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cilnidipine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cilostazol The serum concentration of Cilostazol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cimetidine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Cimetidine. Approved, Investigational Cinacalcet The metabolism of Cinacalcet can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cinnarizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Cinnarizine. Approved, Investigational Cirazoline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Cirazoline. Experimental Cisapride The metabolism of Cisapride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Citalopram The metabolism of Citalopram can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Clarithromycin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin. Approved Clemastine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Clemastine. Approved, Investigational Clenbuterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Clenbuterol. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Clevidipine Clevidipine may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Clindamycin The metabolism of Clindamycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Clobazam The metabolism of Clobazam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clofarabine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Clofazimine The metabolism of Clofazimine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Clofibrate The metabolism of Clofibrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational clomethiazole The metabolism of clomethiazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Clomipramine The metabolism of Clomipramine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Clonazepam The metabolism of Clonazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clonidine Clonidine may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Verapamil. Approved Clopidogrel The therapeutic efficacy of Clopidogrel can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Cloranolol Cloranolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Clorazepate The metabolism of Clorazepate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clotiazepam The metabolism of Clotiazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clotrimazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Clotrimazole. Approved, Vet Approved Clozapine Clozapine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Cobicistat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Cobicistat. Approved Cobimetinib The serum concentration of Cobimetinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cocaine The metabolism of Cocaine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Codeine The metabolism of Codeine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Colchicine The serum concentration of Colchicine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Conivaptan The serum concentration of Conivaptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Conjugated estrogens The metabolism of Conjugated estrogens can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Copanlisib The metabolism of Copanlisib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cordycepin The therapeutic efficacy of Cordycepin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Cortisone acetate The metabolism of Cortisone acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Crisaborole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Crisaborole. Approved, Investigational Crizotinib The metabolism of Crizotinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Curcumin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Curcumin. Approved, Investigational Cyclandelate The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Cyclandelate. Approved Cyclobenzaprine The metabolism of Cyclobenzaprine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cyclophosphamide The metabolism of Cyclophosphamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cyclosporine The metabolism of Cyclosporine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Cymarin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Cymarin. Experimental Cyproterone acetate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Cyproterone acetate. Approved, Investigational Cytarabine The metabolism of Cytarabine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dabigatran etexilate The serum concentration of Dabigatran etexilate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Dabrafenib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Dabrafenib. Approved, Investigational Daclatasvir The metabolism of Daclatasvir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dantrolene Dantrolene may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dantrolene The metabolism of Dantrolene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dapagliflozin The metabolism of Dapagliflozin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dapiprazole Dapiprazole may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Dapoxetine The serum concentration of Dapoxetine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Dapsone The metabolism of Dapsone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Darexaban The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Darexaban. Investigational Darifenacin The metabolism of Darifenacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Darodipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Darodipine. Experimental Darunavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Darunavir. Approved Dasabuvir The metabolism of Dasabuvir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dasatinib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Dasatinib. Approved, Investigational Daunorubicin The metabolism of Daunorubicin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Deferasirox The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Deferasirox. Approved, Investigational Deflazacort The metabolism of Deflazacort can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Delamanid The metabolism of Delamanid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Delanzomib The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Delanzomib. Investigational Delapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Delapril. Experimental Delavirdine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Delavirdine. Approved Dersalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dersalazine. Investigational Desflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Desflurane is combined with Verapamil. Approved Desipramine Desipramine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Deslanoside Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Deslanoside. Approved Desvenlafaxine The metabolism of Desvenlafaxine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Detomidine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Detomidine. Vet Approved Deutetrabenazine The metabolism of Deutetrabenazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dexamethasone The metabolism of Dexamethasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Dexchlorpheniramine maleate The metabolism of Dexchlorpheniramine maleate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dexlansoprazole The metabolism of Dexlansoprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dexmedetomidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dexmedetomidine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Dextroamphetamine Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Dextroamphetamine. Approved, Illicit Dextromethorphan The metabolism of Dextromethorphan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dextropropoxyphene The metabolism of Dextropropoxyphene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Withdrawn Diazepam The metabolism of Diazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet Approved Dichlorophene The therapeutic efficacy of Dichlorophene can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Diclofenac The metabolism of Diclofenac can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Diclofenamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Diclofenamide. Approved, Investigational Dienogest The metabolism of Dienogest can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Diflunisal Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Diflunisal. Approved, Investigational Digitoxin The metabolism of Digitoxin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Digoxin The metabolism of Digoxin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine) Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine). Approved Dihydro-alpha-ergocryptine The metabolism of Dihydro-alpha-ergocryptine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dihydrocodeine The metabolism of Dihydrocodeine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Dihydroergotamine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Dihydroergotamine. Approved, Investigational Diltiazem The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Diltiazem. Approved, Investigational Dinutuximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Dinutuximab. Approved, Investigational Dipivefrin Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Dipivefrin. Approved Dipyridamole Dipyridamole may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Disopyramide The risk or severity of sinus node depression can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Disopyramide. Approved Disulfiram The metabolism of Disulfiram can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved DL-Methylephedrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of DL-Methylephedrine. Approved Dobutamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Dobutamine. Approved Docetaxel The metabolism of Docetaxel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dofetilide The serum concentration of Dofetilide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dolasetron The metabolism of Dolasetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Domperidone The serum concentration of Domperidone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Donepezil The metabolism of Donepezil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dopexamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Dopexamine. Approved, Investigational Dorzolamide The metabolism of Dorzolamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dosulepin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Dosulepin. Approved Dotarizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Dotarizine. Investigational Doxazosin Doxazosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Doxepin Doxepin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Doxofylline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Doxofylline. Approved, Investigational Doxorubicin The serum concentration of Doxorubicin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Doxorubicin The metabolism of Doxorubicin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Doxycycline The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Doxycycline. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Dronabinol The serum concentration of Dronabinol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Dronedarone Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Dronedarone. Approved Droperidol Droperidol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Droxidopa Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Droxidopa. Approved, Investigational Duloxetine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Duloxetine. Approved Dutasteride The metabolism of Dutasteride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ecabet The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ecabet. Approved, Investigational Econazole The therapeutic efficacy of Econazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Edoxaban The serum concentration of Edoxaban can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Efavirenz The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Efavirenz. Approved, Investigational Efinaconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Efinaconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Efonidipine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Efonidipine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Elafin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Elafin. Investigational Elbasvir The metabolism of Elbasvir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Eletriptan The serum concentration of Eletriptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Eliglustat The serum concentration of Eliglustat can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Elvitegravir The metabolism of Elvitegravir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Empagliflozin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Empagliflozin. Approved Enalapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Enalapril. Approved, Vet Approved Enalaprilat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Enalaprilat. Approved Enalkiren The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Enalkiren. Experimental Enasidenib The metabolism of Enasidenib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Enzalutamide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Enzalutamide. Approved Epanolol Epanolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Eperisone The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Eperisone. Approved, Investigational Ephedra Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Ephedra. Approved, Nutraceutical, Withdrawn Ephedrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Ephedrine. Approved Epinastine The metabolism of Epinastine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Epinephrine Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Epinephrine. Approved, Vet Approved Eplerenone The serum concentration of Eplerenone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Epoprostenol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epoprostenol is combined with Verapamil. Approved Eprosartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Eprosartan. Approved Ergocalciferol The metabolism of Ergocalciferol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Ergoloid mesylate The metabolism of Ergoloid mesylate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ergonovine The metabolism of Ergonovine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ergotamine The metabolism of Ergotamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Erlotinib The metabolism of Erlotinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Erythromycin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Erythromycin. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Esatenolol Esatenolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Escitalopram Escitalopram may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Eslicarbazepine acetate The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Eslicarbazepine acetate. Approved Esmolol Esmolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Esomeprazole The metabolism of Esomeprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Estazolam The metabolism of Estazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Estradiol The metabolism of Estradiol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol acetate The metabolism of Estradiol acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol benzoate The metabolism of Estradiol benzoate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol cypionate The metabolism of Estradiol cypionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol dienanthate The metabolism of Estradiol dienanthate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol valerate The metabolism of Estradiol valerate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estramustine The metabolism of Estramustine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Estrogens, esterified The metabolism of Estrogens, esterified can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Estrone The metabolism of Estrone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Estrone sulfate The metabolism of Estrone sulfate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Eszopiclone The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Etacrynic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Etacrynic acid. Approved, Investigational Etafedrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Etafedrine. Approved Ethanol The serum concentration of Ethanol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ethinyl Estradiol The metabolism of Ethinyl Estradiol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ethosuximide The metabolism of Ethosuximide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ethylmorphine The metabolism of Ethylmorphine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Etilefrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Etilefrine. Withdrawn Etizolam The metabolism of Etizolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Etomidate Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Etomidate. Approved Etonogestrel The metabolism of Etonogestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Etoposide The metabolism of Etoposide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Etoricoxib The metabolism of Etoricoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Etravirine The metabolism of Etravirine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Everolimus The serum concentration of Everolimus can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Exemestane The metabolism of Exemestane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Faldaprevir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Faldaprevir. Investigational Famciclovir The metabolism of Famciclovir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Felbamate The metabolism of Felbamate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Felodipine The metabolism of Felodipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fendiline The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fendiline. Withdrawn Fenofibrate The metabolism of Fenofibrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fenoldopam The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fenoldopam is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fenoterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Fenoterol. Approved, Investigational Fentanyl The serum concentration of Fentanyl can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet Approved Fenticonazole The therapeutic efficacy of Fenticonazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Fesoterodine The serum concentration of the active metabolites of Fesoterodine can be increased when Fesoterodine is used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Fexofenadine The serum concentration of Fexofenadine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fimasartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fimasartan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Finasteride The metabolism of Finasteride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fingolimod The risk or severity of bradycardia can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fingolimod. Approved, Investigational Fish oil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fish oil. Approved, Nutraceutical Flecainide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Flecainide. Approved, Withdrawn Flibanserin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Flibanserin. Approved, Investigational Floxuridine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Floxuridine. Approved Fluconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fluconazole. Approved, Investigational Flucytosine The therapeutic efficacy of Flucytosine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Flunarizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Flunarizine. Approved Flunisolide The metabolism of Flunisolide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Flunitrazepam The metabolism of Flunitrazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Fluorometholone The metabolism of Fluorometholone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fluorouracil The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fluorouracil. Approved Fluoxetine The metabolism of Fluoxetine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Flupentixol Flupentixol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Flurazepam The metabolism of Flurazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Fluspirilene The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fluspirilene. Approved, Investigational Flutamide The metabolism of Flutamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fluticasone furoate The metabolism of Fluticasone furoate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fluticasone propionate The metabolism of Fluticasone propionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Flutrimazole The therapeutic efficacy of Flutrimazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Fluvastatin The serum concentration of Fluvastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fluvoxamine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fluvoxamine. Approved, Investigational Formoterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Formoterol. Approved, Investigational Fosamprenavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fosamprenavir. Approved Fosaprepitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fosaprepitant. Approved Fosinopril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fosinopril. Approved Fosnetupitant The metabolism of Fosnetupitant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fosphenytoin The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Fosphenytoin. Approved, Investigational Fostamatinib Fostamatinib may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fulvestrant The metabolism of Fulvestrant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Furosemide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Furosemide. Approved, Vet Approved Fusidic Acid The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fusidic Acid. Approved, Investigational Gabapentin The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Gabapentin. Approved, Investigational Gabexate The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Gabexate. Investigational Galantamine The metabolism of Galantamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Gallopamil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Gallopamil. Investigational Gefitinib The metabolism of Gefitinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Geldanamycin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Geldanamycin. Experimental, Investigational Gemfibrozil The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Gemfibrozil. Approved Gitoformate Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Gitoformate. Experimental Glipizide The metabolism of Glipizide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Glyburide The metabolism of Glyburide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Glyphosate The therapeutic efficacy of Glyphosate can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental GM6001 The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with GM6001. Experimental Granisetron The metabolism of Granisetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Grazoprevir The metabolism of Grazoprevir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Grepafloxacin The metabolism of Grepafloxacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Griseofulvin The therapeutic efficacy of Griseofulvin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Guacetisal Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Guacetisal. Experimental Guanabenz Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Guanabenz. Approved, Investigational Guanfacine The metabolism of Guanfacine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Hachimycin The therapeutic efficacy of Hachimycin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Halofantrine The serum concentration of Halofantrine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Haloperidol The metabolism of Haloperidol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Haloprogin The therapeutic efficacy of Haloprogin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Halothane The metabolism of Halothane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hemoglobin crosfumaril Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Hemoglobin crosfumaril. Experimental Hexetidine The therapeutic efficacy of Hexetidine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Hexobarbital The metabolism of Hexobarbital can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Hexoprenaline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Hexoprenaline. Approved, Withdrawn Higenamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Higenamine. Investigational Histamine The metabolism of Histamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Hydralazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Hydralazine. Approved Hydrochlorothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Hydrochlorothiazide. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocodone The serum concentration of Hydrocodone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Hydrocortisone The metabolism of Hydrocortisone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydroflumethiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroflumethiazide is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Hydromorphone The metabolism of Hydromorphone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Hydroxyprogesterone caproate The metabolism of Hydroxyprogesterone caproate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ibrutinib The serum concentration of Ibrutinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Icotinib The metabolism of Icotinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Idelalisib The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Idelalisib. Approved Idraparinux The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Idraparinux. Investigational Ifosfamide The serum concentration of the active metabolites of Ifosfamide can be reduced when Ifosfamide is used in combination with Verapamil resulting in a loss in efficacy. Approved Iloperidone Iloperidone may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Iloprost The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Iloprost is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Imatinib The serum concentration of Imatinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Imidafenacin The metabolism of Imidafenacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Imidapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Imidapril. Investigational Imipramine Imipramine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Imiquimod The metabolism of Imiquimod can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Indacaterol The metabolism of Indacaterol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Indapamide The metabolism of Indapamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Indenolol Indenolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Indinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Indinavir. Approved Indoramin Indoramin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Ipecac The metabolism of Ipecac can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Ipratropium The metabolism of Ipratropium bromide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Irbesartan The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Irbesartan. Approved, Investigational Irinotecan The metabolism of Irinotecan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Isavuconazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Isavuconazole. Approved, Investigational Isavuconazonium The metabolism of Isavuconazonium can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Isocarboxazid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isocarboxazid is combined with Verapamil. Approved Isoconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Isoconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Isoetarine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isoetarine. Approved Isoflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoflurane is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Isoflurophate The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Isoflurophate. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Isometheptene Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isometheptene. Approved Isoniazid The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Isoniazid. Approved, Investigational Isoprenaline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isoprenaline. Approved, Investigational Isosorbide Dinitrate The metabolism of Isosorbide Dinitrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Isosorbide Mononitrate The metabolism of Isosorbide Mononitrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Isoxsuprine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Isoxsuprine. Approved, Withdrawn Isradipine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Isradipine. Approved, Investigational Itraconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Itraconazole. Approved, Investigational Ivabradine The serum concentration of Ivabradine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ivacaftor The serum concentration of Ivacaftor can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ivermectin The metabolism of Ivermectin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Ixabepilone The metabolism of Ixabepilone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ixazomib The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ixazomib. Approved, Investigational Ketamine The metabolism of Ketamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Ketazolam The metabolism of Ketazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ketobemidone The metabolism of Ketobemidone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ketoconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ketoconazole. Approved, Investigational Labetalol Labetalol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Lacidipine Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Lacidipine. Approved, Investigational Lacosamide Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Lacosamide. Approved Lamotrigine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lamotrigine. Approved, Investigational Lanatoside C Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Lanatoside C. Experimental Landiolol Landiolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Lanreotide Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Lanreotide. Approved Lansoprazole The metabolism of Lansoprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lapatinib The metabolism of Lapatinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Laquinimod The metabolism of Laquinimod can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Ledipasvir The serum concentration of Ledipasvir can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ledipasvir The serum concentration of Ledipasvir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Leflunomide The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Leflunomide. Approved, Investigational Lenvatinib The metabolism of Lenvatinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lepirudin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Lepirudin. Approved Lercanidipine The metabolism of Lercanidipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Letaxaban The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Letaxaban. Investigational Letrozole The metabolism of Letrozole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levetiracetam The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Levetiracetam. Approved, Investigational Levobetaxolol Levobetaxolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levobunolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Levobunolol. Approved Levobupivacaine The metabolism of Levobupivacaine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levocetirizine The metabolism of Levocetirizine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Levodopa Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Levodopa. Approved Levomethadyl Acetate The metabolism of Levomethadyl Acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levomilnacipran The metabolism of Levomilnacipran can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levonorgestrel The metabolism of Levonorgestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levosalbutamol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Levosalbutamol. Approved, Investigational Levosimendan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levosimendan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levothyroxine The metabolism of Levothyroxine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lidocaine The metabolism of Lidocaine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Lidoflazine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lidoflazine. Experimental Linagliptin The serum concentration of Linagliptin can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Lisdexamfetamine Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Lisdexamfetamine. Approved, Investigational Lisinopril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Lisinopril. Approved, Investigational Lisuride The metabolism of Lisuride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lithium Verapamil may increase the neurotoxic activities of Lithium. Approved Lobeglitazone The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Lobeglitazone. Approved, Investigational Lofexidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lofexidine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lomitapide The serum concentration of Lomitapide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Loperamide The metabolism of Loperamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lopinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Lopinavir. Approved Loratadine The metabolism of Loratadine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lorcaserin The metabolism of Lorcaserin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lorpiprazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Lorpiprazole. Approved Losartan The metabolism of Losartan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lovastatin The serum concentration of Lovastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lucinactant Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Lucinactant. Approved, Investigational Luliconazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Luliconazole. Approved Lumacaftor The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Lumacaftor. Approved Lumefantrine The metabolism of Lumefantrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lurasidone The serum concentration of Lurasidone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Macimorelin The metabolism of Macimorelin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Macitentan The metabolism of Macitentan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Magnesium hydroxide The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium hydroxide. Approved, Investigational Magnesium oxide The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium oxide. Approved Magnesium salicylate The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium salicylate. Approved Magnesium sulfate The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium sulfate. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Manidipine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Manidipine. Approved, Investigational Mannitol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Mannitol. Approved, Investigational Maraviroc The metabolism of Maraviroc can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mebendazole The metabolism of Mebendazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Mecamylamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mecamylamine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Medetomidine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Medetomidine. Vet Approved Medical Cannabis The metabolism of Medical Cannabis can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational Medroxyprogesterone acetate The metabolism of Medroxyprogesterone acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mefloquine The metabolism of Mefloquine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Melagatran The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Melagatran. Experimental Meloxicam The metabolism of Meloxicam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Menthol The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Menthol. Approved Mepartricin The therapeutic efficacy of Mepartricin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Mephentermine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Mephentermine. Approved Mepindolol Mepindolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Mesalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Mesalazine. Approved Metaraminol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Metaraminol. Approved, Investigational Metformin The therapeutic efficacy of Metformin can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Methadone The metabolism of Methadone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Methamphetamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Methamphetamine. Approved, Illicit Methaqualone The metabolism of Methaqualone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Illicit, Withdrawn Methazolamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Methazolamide. Approved Methohexital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Methohexital. Approved Methotrimeprazine Methotrimeprazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Methoxamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Methoxamine. Approved, Investigational Methoxsalen The metabolism of Methoxsalen can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Methoxyflurane The metabolism of Methoxyflurane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Methoxyphenamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Methoxyphenamine. Experimental Methsuximide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Methsuximide. Approved Methyclothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methyclothiazide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Methyl salicylate Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Methyl salicylate. Approved, Vet Approved Methyldopa The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Methyldopa. Approved Methylphenobarbital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Methylphenobarbital. Approved Methylprednisolone The metabolism of Methylprednisolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Methyltestosterone The metabolism of Methyltestosterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Metildigoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Metildigoxin. Experimental Metipranolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Metipranolol. Approved Metolazone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metolazone is combined with Verapamil. Approved Metoprolol The serum concentration of Metoprolol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Metronidazole The metabolism of Metronidazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Mevastatin The serum concentration of Mevastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Mexiletine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Mexiletine. Approved, Investigational Mianserin The metabolism of Mianserin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mibefradil The metabolism of Mibefradil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational, Withdrawn Micafungin The therapeutic efficacy of Micafungin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Miconazole The metabolism of Miconazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Midazolam The metabolism of Midazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Midecamycin The metabolism of Midecamycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Midodrine Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Midodrine. Approved Midostaurin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Midostaurin. Approved, Investigational Mifepristone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Mifepristone. Approved, Investigational Miltefosine The therapeutic efficacy of Miltefosine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Minoxidil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Minoxidil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mirabegron The metabolism of Mirabegron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Mirodenafil Mirodenafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Mirtazapine The metabolism of Mirtazapine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Mitotane The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Mitotane. Approved Moclobemide The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Moclobemide. Approved, Investigational Modafinil The metabolism of Modafinil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Moexipril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Moexipril. Approved Monensin The therapeutic efficacy of Monensin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Montelukast The metabolism of Montelukast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Morphine The metabolism of Morphine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Moxonidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Moxonidine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mycophenolate mofetil The metabolism of Mycophenolate mofetil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Myxothiazol The therapeutic efficacy of Myxothiazol can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental N-(3-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-Carbonyl)-Isoleucyl-Proline The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with N-(3-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-Carbonyl)-Isoleucyl-Proline. Experimental Nabilone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nabilone is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nabiximols The metabolism of Nabiximols can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nadolol Nadolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Nafamostat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Nafamostat. Approved, Investigational Nafcillin The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Nafcillin. Approved, Investigational Naftifine The therapeutic efficacy of Naftifine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Naftopidil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Naftopidil. Investigational Naloxegol The serum concentration of Naloxegol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Naloxone The metabolism of Naloxone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Naphazoline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Naphazoline. Approved Natamycin The therapeutic efficacy of Natamycin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Nateglinide The metabolism of Nateglinide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nebivolol Nebivolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nefazodone Nefazodone may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Nelfinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Nelfinavir. Approved Neratinib The metabolism of Neratinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nesiritide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nesiritide. Approved, Investigational Netupitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Netupitant. Approved, Investigational Nevirapine The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Nevirapine. Approved Nicardipine Nicardipine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nicergoline Nicergoline may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nicorandil Nicorandil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nicotine The metabolism of Nicotine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nifedipine The metabolism of Nifedipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nifuratel The therapeutic efficacy of Nifuratel can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Niguldipine Niguldipine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Nikkomycin Z The therapeutic efficacy of Nikkomycin Z can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Nilotinib The metabolism of Nilotinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Niludipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Niludipine. Experimental Nilvadipine The metabolism of Nilvadipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nimesulide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nimesulide. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Nimodipine The serum concentration of Nimodipine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nintedanib The serum concentration of Nintedanib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Nisoldipine The metabolism of Nisoldipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nitrazepam The metabolism of Nitrazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nitrendipine The metabolism of Nitrendipine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nitric Oxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitric Oxide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Nitroaspirin Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Nitroaspirin. Investigational Nitroglycerin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nitroglycerin. Approved, Investigational Nitroprusside Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Nitroprusside. Approved, Investigational Nitrous acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitrous acid is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nitroxoline The therapeutic efficacy of Nitroxoline can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Norepinephrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Norepinephrine. Approved Norethisterone The metabolism of Norethisterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Norfenefrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Norfenefrine. Experimental Norgestrel The metabolism of Norgestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nortriptyline Nortriptyline may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Nylidrin Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Nylidrin. Approved Nystatin The therapeutic efficacy of Nystatin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Obinutuzumab is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Octopamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Octopamine. Experimental Octreotide Octreotide may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Odanacatib The metabolism of Odanacatib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Olanzapine Olanzapine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Olaparib The serum concentration of Olaparib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Oleandrin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Oleandrin. Experimental, Investigational Olmesartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Olmesartan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Olodaterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Olodaterol. Approved Olopatadine The metabolism of Olopatadine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Olsalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Olsalazine. Approved Omapatrilat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Omapatrilat. Investigational Omeprazole The metabolism of Omeprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Omoconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Omoconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Ondansetron The metabolism of Ondansetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Opium The metabolism of Opium can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Orciprenaline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Orciprenaline. Approved Orphenadrine The metabolism of Orphenadrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Osimertinib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Osimertinib. Approved Ospemifene The metabolism of Ospemifene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Otamixaban The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Otamixaban. Investigational Otilonium The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Otilonium. Experimental, Investigational Ouabain Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Ouabain. Approved Oxazepam The metabolism of Oxazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Oxiconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Oxiconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Oxprenolol Oxprenolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Oxybutynin The metabolism of Oxybutynin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Oxycodone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Oxycodone. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Oxyfedrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Oxyfedrine. Experimental Oxymetazoline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Oxymetazoline. Approved, Investigational Oxymorphone The metabolism of Oxymorphone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Paclitaxel The metabolism of Paclitaxel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Pafuramidine The therapeutic efficacy of Pafuramidine can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Palbociclib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Palbociclib. Approved, Investigational Paliperidone Paliperidone may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Palonosetron The metabolism of Palonosetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Panobinostat The metabolism of Panobinostat can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pantoprazole The metabolism of Pantoprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Papaverine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Paramethadione The metabolism of Paramethadione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Paramethasone The metabolism of Paramethasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Parecoxib The metabolism of Parecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Paricalcitol The metabolism of Paricalcitol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Paritaprevir The metabolism of Paritaprevir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Paroxetine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Paroxetine. Approved, Investigational Pasireotide Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Pasireotide. Approved Pazopanib The serum concentration of Pazopanib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Peginterferon alfa-2b The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. Approved Penbutolol Penbutolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pentamidine The metabolism of Pentamidine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pentobarbital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Pentobarbital. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Pentoxifylline Pentoxifylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Perampanel The metabolism of Perampanel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pergolide The metabolism of Pergolide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Perhexiline The metabolism of Perhexiline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Perindopril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Perindopril. Approved Permethrin The metabolism of Permethrin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Perospirone The metabolism of Perospirone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Perphenazine The metabolism of Perphenazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Peruvoside Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Peruvoside. Experimental Pethidine The metabolism of Pethidine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Phenacetin The metabolism of Phenacetin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Withdrawn Phendimetrazine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Phendimetrazine. Approved, Illicit Phenelzine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Phenelzine is combined with Verapamil. Approved Phenobarbital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Phenobarbital. Approved, Investigational Phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Phenprocoumon The metabolism of Phenprocoumon can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Phentolamine Phentolamine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Phenyl aminosalicylate Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Phenyl aminosalicylate. Approved Phenylephrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Phenylephrine. Approved Phenylpropanolamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Phenylpropanolamine. Approved, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Phenytoin The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Phenytoin. Approved, Vet Approved Phosphoramidon The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Phosphoramidon. Experimental Pilocarpine The metabolism of Pilocarpine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pimecrolimus The metabolism of Pimecrolimus can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pimozide The serum concentration of Pimozide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Pinacidil The metabolism of Pinacidil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pinaverium The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Pinaverium. Approved Pindolol Pindolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pioglitazone The metabolism of Pioglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pipamperone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pipamperone is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Piperaquine The metabolism of Piperaquine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pipotiazine The metabolism of Pipotiazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pirbuterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Pirbuterol. Approved Pitavastatin The serum concentration of Pitavastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Pitolisant The serum concentration of Pitolisant can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pizotifen Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Pizotifen. Approved Platelet Activating Factor Platelet Activating Factor may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Podofilox The metabolism of Podofilox can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pomalidomide The metabolism of Pomalidomide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ponatinib The metabolism of Ponatinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Poractant alfa Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Poractant alfa. Approved Posaconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Posaconazole. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Practolol Practolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Pramipexole The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pramipexole is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Prasterone The metabolism of Prasterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Prasugrel The metabolism of Prasugrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pravastatin The serum concentration of Pravastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Prazepam The metabolism of Prazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Praziquantel The metabolism of Praziquantel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Prazosin Prazosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Prednisolone The metabolism of Prednisolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Prednisone The metabolism of Prednisone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Prenalterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Prenalterol. Experimental Prenylamine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Prenylamine. Withdrawn Primaquine The metabolism of Primaquine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Primidone The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Primidone. Approved, Vet Approved Prinomastat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Prinomastat. Investigational Procaterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Procaterol. Approved, Investigational Prochlorperazine The metabolism of Prochlorperazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Progesterone The metabolism of Progesterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Proguanil The metabolism of Proguanil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Promazine Promazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Propafenone The serum concentration of Propafenone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Propericiazine Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Propericiazine. Approved, Investigational Propiomazine Propiomazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Propiverine Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Propiverine. Approved, Investigational Propofol The metabolism of Propofol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Propranolol Propranolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Proscillaridin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Proscillaridin. Experimental Protokylol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Protokylol. Approved, Vet Approved Prucalopride The serum concentration of Prucalopride can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Pseudoephedrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Pseudoephedrine. Approved Pyrazinamide The metabolism of Pyrazinamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pyrimethamine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Pyrimethamine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Pyrrolnitrin The therapeutic efficacy of Pyrrolnitrin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Quazepam The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Quazepam. Approved, Illicit Quetiapine Quetiapine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Quinacrine The metabolism of Quinacrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Quinapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Quinapril. Approved, Investigational Quinidine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Quinidine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Quinine The metabolism of Quinine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Rabeprazole The metabolism of Rabeprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Racecadotril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Racecadotril. Investigational Racepinephrine Verapamil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Racepinephrine. Approved Ractopamine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Ractopamine. Vet Approved Radicicol The therapeutic efficacy of Radicicol can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Raloxifene The metabolism of Raloxifene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ramelteon The metabolism of Ramelteon can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ramipril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ramipril. Approved Ranolazine The serum concentration of Ranolazine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rasagiline The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rasagiline is combined with Verapamil. Approved Reboxetine The metabolism of Reboxetine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Regorafenib Regorafenib may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved Remifentanil Remifentanil may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved Remikiren The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Remikiren. Approved Repaglinide The metabolism of Repaglinide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Reproterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Reproterol. Investigational Reserpine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Reserpine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Retapamulin The metabolism of Retapamulin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Rifabutin The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rifabutin. Approved, Investigational Rifampicin The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rifampicin. Approved Rifapentine The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rifapentine. Approved, Investigational Rifaximin The serum concentration of Rifaximin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rilmenidine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Rilmenidine. Approved, Investigational Rilpivirine The serum concentration of Rilpivirine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Rimiterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Rimiterol. Experimental Rimonabant The metabolism of Rimonabant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Riociguat The metabolism of Riociguat can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Risperidone The serum concentration of Risperidone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ritobegron Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Ritobegron. Investigational Ritodrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Ritodrine. Approved, Investigational Ritonavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ritonavir. Approved, Investigational Rivaroxaban The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Rivaroxaban. Approved Rivastigmine Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Rivastigmine. Approved, Investigational Rofecoxib The metabolism of Rofecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Rolapitant The metabolism of Rolapitant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Romidepsin The metabolism of Romidepsin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Romifidine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Romifidine. Vet Approved Ropinirole The metabolism of Ropinirole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ropivacaine The metabolism of Ropivacaine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Rosiglitazone The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Rosiglitazone. Approved, Investigational Rosuvastatin The serum concentration of Rosuvastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Rotigotine The metabolism of Rotigotine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Roxithromycin The metabolism of Roxithromycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Rucaparib The metabolism of Rucaparib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rupatadine The metabolism of Rupatadine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ruxolitinib Ruxolitinib may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved S-3304 The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with S-3304. Investigational Sacubitril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sacubitril is combined with Verapamil. Approved Safinamide The metabolism of Safinamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Salbutamol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Salbutamol. Approved, Vet Approved Salicylhydroxamic Acid The therapeutic efficacy of Salicylhydroxamic Acid can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Salicylic acid The therapeutic efficacy of Salicylic acid can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Salmeterol The serum concentration of Salmeterol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Saquinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Saquinavir. Approved, Investigational Sarilumab The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Sarilumab. Approved, Investigational Saxagliptin The serum concentration of Saxagliptin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Secobarbital The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Secobarbital. Approved, Vet Approved Selegiline The metabolism of Selegiline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Seletracetam The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Seletracetam. Investigational Selexipag The metabolism of Selexipag can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Seratrodast The metabolism of Seratrodast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sertaconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Sertaconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sertindole The metabolism of Sertindole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Sertraline The metabolism of Sertraline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sevoflurane The metabolism of Sevoflurane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Sibutramine The metabolism of Sibutramine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Withdrawn Sildenafil Sildenafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Silodosin The serum concentration of Silodosin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Siltuximab The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Siltuximab. Approved, Investigational Simeprevir The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Simeprevir. Approved Simvastatin The risk or severity of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Simvastatin. Approved Sinefungin The therapeutic efficacy of Sinefungin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Sirolimus The metabolism of Sirolimus can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sitagliptin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Sitagliptin. Approved, Investigational Sivelestat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Sivelestat. Investigational Sofosbuvir The serum concentration of Sofosbuvir can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Solabegron Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Solabegron. Investigational Solifenacin The metabolism of Solifenacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sonidegib The serum concentration of Sonidegib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sorafenib The metabolism of Sorafenib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sotalol Sotalol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Spiramycin The metabolism of Spiramycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Spirapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Spirapril. Approved Spironolactone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spironolactone is combined with Verapamil. Approved St. John's Wort The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with St. John's Wort. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Stiripentol The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Stiripentol. Approved Streptokinase The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptokinase is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sufentanil The metabolism of Sufentanil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sulconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Sulconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Sulfadiazine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Sulfadiazine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Sulfamethoxazole The metabolism of Sulfamethoxazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sulfinpyrazone The metabolism of Sulfinpyrazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sulfisoxazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Sulfisoxazole. Approved, Vet Approved Sunitinib The metabolism of Sunitinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Suvorexant The serum concentration of Suvorexant can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Synephrine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Synephrine. Experimental Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A The metabolism of Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B The metabolism of Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tacrolimus The metabolism of Tacrolimus can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tadalafil Tadalafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Talinolol Talinolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Tamoxifen The metabolism of Tamoxifen can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tamsulosin Tamsulosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tasosartan The metabolism of Tasosartan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Taurochenodeoxycholic acid The metabolism of Taurochenodeoxycholic acid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Tavaborole The therapeutic efficacy of Tavaborole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Telaprevir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Telaprevir. Approved, Withdrawn Telithromycin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Telithromycin. Approved Telmisartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Telmisartan. Approved, Investigational Temazepam The metabolism of Temazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Temocapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Temocapril. Experimental, Investigational Temsirolimus The metabolism of Temsirolimus can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Teniposide The metabolism of Teniposide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tenofovir disoproxil The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Tenofovir disoproxil. Approved, Investigational Terazosin Terazosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Terbinafine The metabolism of Terbinafine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Terbutaline Terbutaline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Terconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Terconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Terfenadine The metabolism of Terfenadine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Teriflunomide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Teriflunomide. Approved Terodiline The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Terodiline. Experimental Tertatolol Tertatolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Tesmilifene The metabolism of Tesmilifene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Testosterone The metabolism of Testosterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Testosterone cypionate The metabolism of Testosterone cypionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Testosterone enanthate The metabolism of Testosterone enanthate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Testosterone propionate The metabolism of Testosterone propionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Testosterone undecanoate The metabolism of Testosterone undecanoate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tetracycline The metabolism of Tetracycline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Tetrahydropalmatine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tetrahydropalmatine. Investigational Tetryzoline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Tetryzoline. Approved Tezacaftor The metabolism of Tezacaftor can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Thalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Thalidomide is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Theophylline Theophylline may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Thiamylal The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Thiamylal. Approved, Vet Approved Thiopental The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Thiopental. Approved, Vet Approved Thioproperazine Thioproperazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Thioridazine The serum concentration of Thioridazine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Thiorphan The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Thiorphan. Experimental Thiotepa The metabolism of Thiotepa can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Thymol The therapeutic efficacy of Thymol can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Tiagabine The metabolism of Tiagabine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ticagrelor The metabolism of Ticagrelor can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ticlopidine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ticlopidine. Approved Timolol Timolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Tinidazole The metabolism of Tinidazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tioconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Tioconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Tiotropium The metabolism of Tiotropium can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tipranavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Tipranavir. Approved, Investigational Tizanidine The serum concentration of Tizanidine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tocilizumab The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Tocilizumab. Approved Tocofersolan The metabolism of Tocofersolan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tocopherol The metabolism of Tocopherol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tofacitinib Tofacitinib may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tolazoline Tolazoline may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Tolbutamide The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Tolbutamide. Approved, Investigational Tolcapone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tolcapone is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Tolciclate The therapeutic efficacy of Tolciclate can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Tolfenamic Acid The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tolfenamic Acid. Approved, Investigational Tolnaftate The therapeutic efficacy of Tolnaftate can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Tolterodine The metabolism of Tolterodine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tolvaptan The serum concentration of Tolvaptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Topiramate The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Topiramate. Approved Topiroxostat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Topiroxostat. Approved, Investigational Topotecan The serum concentration of Topotecan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Torasemide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Torasemide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Toremifene The metabolism of Toremifene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trabectedin The metabolism of Trabectedin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tramadol The metabolism of Tramadol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trandolapril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Trandolapril. Approved Tranilast The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tranilast. Approved, Investigational Tranylcypromine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Tranylcypromine. Approved, Investigational Trastuzumab emtansine The metabolism of Trastuzumab emtansine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trazodone Trazodone may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tretinoin The metabolism of Tretinoin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Tretoquinol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Tretoquinol. Experimental Triamcinolone The metabolism of Triamcinolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Triamterene The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamterene is combined with Verapamil. Approved Triazolam The metabolism of Triazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trifluoperazine Trifluoperazine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trimazosin Trimazosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Trimebutine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Trimebutine. Approved Trimethadione The metabolism of Trimethadione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Trimethoprim The metabolism of Trimethoprim can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Trimetrexate The therapeutic efficacy of Trimetrexate can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trimipramine Trimipramine may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Troglitazone The metabolism of Troglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational, Withdrawn Trolamine salicylate Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Trolamine salicylate. Approved Troleandomycin The metabolism of Troleandomycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tulobuterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Tulobuterol. Investigational Ubenimex The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ubenimex. Experimental, Investigational Udenafil Udenafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ulinastatin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ulinastatin. Investigational Ulipristal The serum concentration of Ulipristal can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Urapidil Urapidil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Valbenazine The metabolism of Valbenazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Valdecoxib The metabolism of Valdecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Valproic Acid The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Valproic Acid. Approved, Investigational Valsartan The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Valsartan. Approved, Investigational Vandetanib The metabolism of Vandetanib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Vanoxerine The metabolism of Vanoxerine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Vardenafil Vardenafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Velpatasvir The metabolism of Velpatasvir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vemurafenib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Vemurafenib. Approved Venetoclax The metabolism of Venetoclax can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Venlafaxine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Venlafaxine. Approved Vicriviroc The metabolism of Vicriviroc can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Vilanterol The metabolism of Vilanterol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Vilazodone The serum concentration of Vilazodone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Vildagliptin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Vildagliptin. Approved, Investigational Vinblastine The metabolism of Vinblastine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Vincristine The serum concentration of Vincristine can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vincristine The metabolism of Vincristine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vindesine The serum concentration of Vindesine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vinflunine The metabolism of Vinflunine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vinorelbine The metabolism of Vinorelbine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vinpocetine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Vinpocetine. Investigational Vismodegib The metabolism of Vismodegib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Voriconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Voriconazole. Approved, Investigational Vortioxetine The metabolism of Vortioxetine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Voxilaprevir The metabolism of Voxilaprevir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Warfarin The metabolism of Warfarin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved WIN 55212-2 The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with WIN 55212-2. Experimental Wortmannin The therapeutic efficacy of Wortmannin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Xamoterol Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Xamoterol. Experimental Ximelagatran The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ximelagatran. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Xylazine Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Xylazine. Vet Approved Xylometazoline Verapamil may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Xylometazoline. Approved, Investigational Yohimbine The metabolism of Yohimbine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone. Experimental Zafirlukast The metabolism of Zafirlukast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Zalcitabine The metabolism of Zalcitabine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Zaleplon The metabolism of Zaleplon can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Ziconotide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Ziconotide. Approved Zidovudine The metabolism of Zidovudine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Zileuton The metabolism of Zileuton can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Ziprasidone Ziprasidone may increase the antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Zofenopril The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Zofenopril. Experimental Zolpidem The metabolism of Zolpidem can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Zomepirac The metabolism of Zomepirac can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Withdrawn Zonisamide The metabolism of Zonisamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Zopiclone The serum concentration of Zopiclone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Zotepine The metabolism of Zotepine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Zucapsaicin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Zucapsaicin. Approved, Investigational Zuclopenthixol The serum concentration of Zuclopenthixol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational - Food Interactions
- Avoid alcohol.
- Avoid excessive quantities of coffee or tea (Caffeine).
- Avoid natural licorice.
- Avoid taking with grapefruit juice.
- Take with food.
References
- Synthesis Reference
Philippe Baudier, Arthur De Boeck, Jacques Fossion, "Novel galenic forms of verapamil, their preparation and medicines containing said novel galenic forms." U.S. Patent US4859469, issued April, 1987.
US4859469- General References
- Bellamy WT: P-glycoproteins and multidrug resistance. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1996;36:161-83. [PubMed:8725386]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0001850
- KEGG Drug
- D02356
- KEGG Compound
- C07188
- PubChem Compound
- 2520
- PubChem Substance
- 46508158
- ChemSpider
- 2425
- BindingDB
- 81939
- ChEBI
- 77733
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL6966
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000040
- PharmGKB
- PA451868
- IUPHAR
- 2406
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Verapamil
- ATC Codes
- C08DA51 — Verapamil, combinations
- C08DA — Phenylalkylamine derivatives
- C08D — SELECTIVE CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS WITH DIRECT CARDIAC EFFECTS
- C08 — CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- C09BB — ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers
- C09B — ACE INHIBITORS, COMBINATIONS
- C09 — AGENTS ACTING ON THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- AHFS Codes
- 24:28.92 — Miscellaneous Calcium-channel Blocking Agents
- FDA label
- Download (1.9 MB)
- MSDS
- Download (73.5 KB)
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- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 80 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 180 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 180 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 240 mg/1 Tablet Oral 120 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 120 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 240 mg Tablet, extended release Oral Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Capsule, extended release Oral 120 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 180 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 240 mg/1 Injection Intravenous 2.5 mg/mL Injection, solution Intravenous 2.5 mg/mL Tablet Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet Oral 240 mg/1 Tablet Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet Oral 80 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 240 mg/301 Tablet, film coated Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 80 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 180 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 240 mg/1 Liquid Intravenous 2.5 mg Solution Intravenous 2.5 mg Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 120 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 180 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 240 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 360 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 120 mg Capsule, extended release Oral 180 mg Capsule, extended release Oral 240 mg Capsule, extended release Oral 100 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 200 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 300 mg/1 - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Verelan 360 mg 24 Hour Capsule 6.82USD capsule Verelan 360 mg cap pellet 6.73USD pellet Verelan pm 300 mg cap pellet 5.87USD pellet Verelan 240 mg 24 Hour Capsule 4.76USD capsule Verelan 240 mg cap pellet 4.58USD pellet Verelan 180 mg 24 Hour Capsule 4.22USD capsule Verelan 180 mg cap pellet 4.06USD pellet Verelan pm 200 mg cap pellet 4.04USD pellet Verelan 120 mg cap pellet 3.87USD pellet Verapamil HCl CR 300 mg 24 Hour Capsule 3.82USD capsule Isoptin sr 240 mg tablet 3.32USD tablet Verapamil hcl powder 3.24USD g Calan SR 240 mg Controlled Release Tabs 3.15USD tab Isoptin SR 240 mg Controlled Release Tabs 3.14USD tab Verelan pm 100 mg cap pellet 3.13USD pellet Calan sr 240 mg caplet 3.09USD caplet Covera-HS 240 mg 24 Hour tablet 3.09USD tablet Covera-hs 240 mg tablet sa 2.97USD tablet Isoptin sr 180 mg tablet 2.9USD tablet Calan SR 180 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.8USD tab Isoptin SR 180 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.74USD tab Calan sr 180 mg caplet 2.7USD caplet Verapamil HCl CR 200 mg 24 Hour Capsule 2.62USD capsule Isoptin sr 120 mg tablet 2.29USD tablet Calan SR 120 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.27USD tab Covera-HS 180 mg 24 Hour tablet 2.2USD tablet Isoptin SR 120 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.16USD tab Calan sr 120 mg caplet 2.13USD caplet Covera-hs 180 mg tablet sa 2.11USD tablet Verapamil HCl CR 360 mg 24 Hour Capsule 2.1USD capsule Verapamil HCl CR 100 mg 24 Hour Capsule 2.04USD capsule Isoptin Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 2.03USD tablet Calan sr 240 mg caplet sa 1.77USD caplet Verapamil HCl CR 240 mg 24 Hour Capsule 1.69USD capsule Verapamil HCl CR 240 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.6USD tab Calan 120 mg tablet 1.56USD tablet Isoptin Sr 180 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 1.52USD tablet Verapamil HCl CR 180 mg 24 Hour Capsule 1.5USD capsule Calan sr 180 mg caplet sa 1.46USD caplet Verapamil HCl CR 120 mg 24 Hour Capsule 1.43USD capsule Verapamil HCl CR 180 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.41USD tab Isoptin Sr 120 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 1.34USD tablet Calan 80 mg tablet 1.25USD tablet Verapamil 2.5 mg/ml vial 1.18USD ml Verapamil HCl CR 120 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.12USD tab Apo-Verap Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Novo-Veramil Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Pms-Verapamil Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Calan 40 mg tablet 0.76USD tablet Apo-Verap Sr 120 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.72USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil Sr 120 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.72USD tablet Verapamil HCl 120 mg tablet 0.71USD tablet Apo-Verap Sr 180 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.69USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil Sr 180 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.69USD tablet Verapamil HCl 80 mg tablet 0.56USD tablet Apo-Verap 120 mg Tablet 0.45USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil 120 mg Tablet 0.45USD tablet Nu-Verap 120 mg Tablet 0.45USD tablet Verapamil 120 mg tablet 0.39USD tablet Verapamil 80 mg tablet 0.31USD tablet Verapamil HCl 40 mg tablet 0.29USD tablet Apo-Verap 80 mg Tablet 0.29USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil 80 mg Tablet 0.29USD tablet Nu-Verap 80 mg Tablet 0.29USD tablet Verapamil 40 mg tablet 0.28USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) US5785994 No 1992-10-22 2009-10-22 US US6096339 No 1997-04-04 2017-04-04 US
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) < 25 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 243-246 °C at 1.00E-02 mm Hg PhysProp water solubility 4.47 mg/L Not Available logP 3.79 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) Caco2 permeability -4.58 ADME Research, USCD pKa 8.92 SANGSTER (1994) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.00394 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 5.23 ALOGPS logP 5.04 ChemAxon logS -5.1 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.68 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 6 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 63.95 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 13 ChemAxon Refractivity 132.65 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 51.7 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 2 ChemAxon Bioavailability 0 ChemAxon Rule of Five No ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9371 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.6323 Caco-2 permeable + 0.738 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.7874 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.9056 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Inhibitor 0.855 Renal organic cation transporter Inhibitor 0.6259 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8029 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8706 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.7657 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9553 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9026 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.796 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9181 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.8393 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.6463 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 1.0 Rat acute toxicity 3.4137 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.7687 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.8188
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylbutylamines. These are compounds containing a phenylbutylamine moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the fourth carbon by an butan-1-amine.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Phenylbutylamines
- Direct Parent
- Phenylbutylamines
- Alternative Parents
- Dimethoxybenzenes / Phenylpropanes / Phenethylamines / Phenoxy compounds / Anisoles / Aralkylamines / Alkyl aryl ethers / Trialkylamines / Nitriles / Organopnictogen compounds show 1 more
- Substituents
- Phenylbutylamine / Dimethoxybenzene / O-dimethoxybenzene / Phenethylamine / Phenylpropane / Anisole / Phenol ether / Phenoxy compound / Methoxybenzene / Alkyl aryl ether show 14 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- tertiary amino compound, aromatic ether, nitrile, polyether (CHEBI:77733)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1C
- Uniprot ID
- Q13936
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C
- Molecular Weight
- 248974.1 Da
References
- Dilmac N, Hilliard N, Hockerman GH: Molecular determinants of frequency dependence and Ca2+ potentiation of verapamil block in the pore region of Cav1.2. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Nov;66(5):1236-47. Epub 2004 Jul 30. [PubMed:15286207]
- Morel N, Buryi V, Feron O, Gomez JP, Christen MO, Godfraind T: The action of calcium channel blockers on recombinant L-type calcium channel alpha1-subunits. Br J Pharmacol. 1998 Nov;125(5):1005-12. [PubMed:9846638]
- Patel MK, Clunn GF, Lymn JS, Austin O, Hughes AD: Effect of serum withdrawal on the contribution of L-type calcium channels (CaV1.2) to intracellular Ca2+ responses and chemotaxis in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 Jul;145(6):811-7. [PubMed:15880143]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved sa node cell action potential
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1D
- Uniprot ID
- Q01668
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D
- Molecular Weight
- 245138.75 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1F
- Uniprot ID
- O60840
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F
- Molecular Weight
- 220675.9 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1S
- Uniprot ID
- Q13698
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S
- Molecular Weight
- 212348.1 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB1
- Uniprot ID
- Q02641
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1
- Molecular Weight
- 65712.995 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB2
- Uniprot ID
- Q08289
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2
- Molecular Weight
- 73579.925 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB3
- Uniprot ID
- P54284
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3
- Molecular Weight
- 54531.425 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB4
- Uniprot ID
- O00305
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4
- Molecular Weight
- 58168.625 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1I
- Uniprot ID
- Q9P0X4
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I
- Molecular Weight
- 245100.8 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Scaffold protein binding
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1G
- Uniprot ID
- O43497
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G
- Molecular Weight
- 262468.62 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Freeze BS, McNulty MM, Hanck DA: State-dependent verapamil block of the cloned human Ca(v)3.1 T-type Ca(2+) channel. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Aug;70(2):718-26. Epub 2006 May 12. [PubMed:16699084]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1B
- Uniprot ID
- Q00975
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B
- Molecular Weight
- 262493.84 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1A
- Uniprot ID
- O00555
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A
- Molecular Weight
- 282362.39 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization
- Specific Function
- Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. Mediates the rapidly activating component of the ...
- Gene Name
- KCNH2
- Uniprot ID
- Q12809
- Uniprot Name
- Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 126653.52 Da
References
- Duan JJ, Ma JH, Zhang PH, Wang XP, Zou AR, Tu DN: Verapamil blocks HERG channel by the helix residue Y652 and F656 in the S6 transmembrane domain. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2007 Jul;28(7):959-67. [PubMed:17588331]
- Cheng HC, Incardona J, McCullough B: Isolated perfused and paced guinea pig heart to test for drug-induced changes of the QT interval. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2006 Nov-Dec;54(3):278-87. Epub 2006 Feb 28. [PubMed:16507347]
- Schneider J, Hauser R, Andreas JO, Linz K, Jahnel U: Differential effects of human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) blocking agents on QT duration variability in conscious dogs. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 4;512(1):53-60. [PubMed:15814090]
- Ridley JM, Dooley PC, Milnes JT, Witchel HJ, Hancox JC: Lidoflazine is a high affinity blocker of the HERG K(+)channel. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004 May;36(5):701-5. [PubMed:15135665]
- Shimizu W, Aiba T, Antzelevitch C: Specific therapy based on the genotype and cellular mechanism in inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(12):1561-72. [PubMed:15892662]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Other
- General Function
- Voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in sa node cell action potential
- Specific Function
- This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the pr...
- Gene Name
- SCN5A
- Uniprot ID
- Q14524
- Uniprot Name
- Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha
- Molecular Weight
- 226937.475 Da
References
- Milberg P, Reinsch N, Osada N, Wasmer K, Monnig G, Stypmann J, Breithardt G, Haverkamp W, Eckardt L: Verapamil prevents torsade de pointes by reduction of transmural dispersion of repolarization and suppression of early afterdepolarizations in an intact heart model of LQT3. Basic Res Cardiol. 2005 Jul;100(4):365-71. Epub 2005 Jun 10. [PubMed:15944809]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated potassium channel activity
- Specific Function
- This receptor is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage ...
- Gene Name
- KCNJ11
- Uniprot ID
- Q14654
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11
- Molecular Weight
- 43540.375 Da
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Yamada S, Kane GC, Behfar A, Liu XK, Dyer RB, Faustino RS, Miki T, Seino S, Terzic A: Protection conferred by myocardial ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pressure overload-induced congestive heart failure revealed in KCNJ11 Kir6.2-null mutant. J Physiol. 2006 Dec 15;577(Pt 3):1053-65. Epub 2006 Oct 12. [PubMed:17038430]
- Shigeto M, Katsura M, Matsuda M, Ohkuma S, Kaku K: Nateglinide and mitiglinide, but not sulfonylureas, induce insulin secretion through a mechanism mediated by calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jul;322(1):1-7. Epub 2007 Apr 4. [PubMed:17409272]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Other/unknown
- General Function
- Serotonin:sodium symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into t...
- Gene Name
- SLC6A4
- Uniprot ID
- P31645
- Uniprot Name
- Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter
- Molecular Weight
- 70324.165 Da
References
- Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [PubMed:9537821]
- Brown NL, Sirugue O, Worcel M: The effects of some slow channel blocking drugs on high affinity serotonin uptake by rat brain synaptosomes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1986 Apr 9;123(1):161-5. [PubMed:2940099]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- Curator comments
- Inhibits receptor activity but shows little competition for binding. Likely an allosteric modulator.
- General Function
- Protein heterodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
- Gene Name
- ADRA1A
- Uniprot ID
- P35348
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 51486.005 Da
References
- Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G: Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors. Circulation. 1998 Apr 7;97(13):1227-30. [PubMed:9570190]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- Curator comments
- Inhibits receptor activity but shows little competition for binding. Likely an allosteric modulator.
- General Function
- Protein heterodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
- Gene Name
- ADRA1B
- Uniprot ID
- P35368
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 56835.375 Da
References
- Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G: Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors. Circulation. 1998 Apr 7;97(13):1227-30. [PubMed:9570190]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- Curator comments
- Inhibits receptor activity but shows little competition for binding. Likely an allosteric modulator.
- General Function
- Alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity
- Specific Function
- This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its effect through the influx of extracellular calcium.
- Gene Name
- ADRA1D
- Uniprot ID
- P25100
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 60462.205 Da
References
- Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G: Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors. Circulation. 1998 Apr 7;97(13):1227-30. [PubMed:9570190]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Ekins S, Bravi G, Wikel JH, Wrighton SA: Three-dimensional-quantitative structure activity relationship analysis of cytochrome P-450 3A4 substrates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Oct;291(1):424-33. [PubMed:10490933]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID
- P20815
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A5
- Molecular Weight
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Flockhart Table - Indiana University [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A7
- Uniprot ID
- P24462
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A7
- Molecular Weight
- 57525.03 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Flockhart Table - Indiana University [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C18
- Uniprot ID
- P33260
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C18
- Molecular Weight
- 55710.075 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID
- P20813
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2B6
- Molecular Weight
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitorInducer
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Perloff MD, von Moltke LL, Fahey JM, Daily JP, Greenblatt DJ: Induction of P-glycoprotein expression by HIV protease inhibitors in cell culture. AIDS. 2000 Jun 16;14(9):1287-9. [PubMed:10894301]
- Romiti N, Tramonti G, Chieli E: Influence of different chemicals on MDR-1 P-glycoprotein expression and activity in the HK-2 proximal tubular cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002 Sep 1;183(2):83-91. [PubMed:12387747]
- Choo EF, Leake B, Wandel C, Imamura H, Wood AJ, Wilkinson GR, Kim RB: Pharmacological inhibition of P-glycoprotein transport enhances the distribution of HIV-1 protease inhibitors into brain and testes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Jun;28(6):655-60. [PubMed:10820137]
- Kawahara I, Kato Y, Suzuki H, Achira M, Ito K, Crespi CL, Sugiyama Y: Selective inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A4 by N-[2(R)-hydroxy-1(S)-indanyl]-5-[2(S)-(1, 1-dimethylethylaminocarbonyl)-4-[(furo[2, 3-b]pyridin-5-yl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4(S)-hydroxy-2(R)-phenylmethy lpentanamide and P-glycoprotein by valspodar in gene transfectant systems. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Oct;28(10):1238-43. [PubMed:10997946]
- Fujita R, Ishikawa M, Takayanagi M, Takayanagi Y, Sasaki K: Enhancement of doxorubicin activity in multidrug-resistant cells by mefloquine. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jun;22(5):281-4. [PubMed:11031728]
- Gao J, Murase O, Schowen RL, Aube J, Borchardt RT: A functional assay for quantitation of the apparent affinities of ligands of P-glycoprotein in Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res. 2001 Feb;18(2):171-6. [PubMed:11405287]
- Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Active transport of fluorescent P-glycoprotein substrates: evaluation as markers and interaction with inhibitors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Nov 30;289(2):580-5. [PubMed:11716514]
- Leonessa F, Kim JH, Ghiorghis A, Kulawiec RJ, Hammer C, Talebian A, Clarke R: C-7 analogues of progesterone as potent inhibitors of the P-glycoprotein efflux pump. J Med Chem. 2002 Jan 17;45(2):390-8. [PubMed:11784143]
- Tang F, Horie K, Borchardt RT: Are MDCK cells transfected with the human MDR1 gene a good model of the human intestinal mucosa? Pharm Res. 2002 Jun;19(6):765-72. [PubMed:12134945]
- Zhang S, Morris ME: Effects of the flavonoids biochanin A, morin, phloretin, and silymarin on P-glycoprotein-mediated transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Mar;304(3):1258-67. [PubMed:12604704]
- Horie K, Tang F, Borchardt RT: Isolation and characterization of Caco-2 subclones expressing high levels of multidrug resistance protein efflux transporter. Pharm Res. 2003 Feb;20(2):161-8. [PubMed:12636153]
- Schwab D, Fischer H, Tabatabaei A, Poli S, Huwyler J: Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery. J Med Chem. 2003 Apr 24;46(9):1716-25. [PubMed:12699389]
- van der Sandt IC, Blom-Roosemalen MC, de Boer AG, Breimer DD: Specificity of doxorubicin versus rhodamine-123 in assessing P-glycoprotein functionality in the LLC-PK1, LLC-PK1:MDR1 and Caco-2 cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000 Sep;11(3):207-14. [PubMed:11042226]
- Ibrahim S, Peggins J, Knapton A, Licht T, Aszalos A: Influence of antipsychotic, antiemetic, and Ca(2+) channel blocker drugs on the cellular accumulation of the anticancer drug daunorubicin: P-glycoprotein modulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Dec;295(3):1276-83. [PubMed:11082465]
- Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Evaluation of the interaction of loratadine and desloratadine with P-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Aug;29(8):1080-3. [PubMed:11454724]
- Weiss J, Dormann SM, Martin-Facklam M, Kerpen CJ, Ketabi-Kiyanvash N, Haefeli WE: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by newer antidepressants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Apr;305(1):197-204. [PubMed:12649369]
- Wils P, Phung-Ba V, Warnery A, Lechardeur D, Raeissi S, Hidalgo IJ, Scherman D: Polarized transport of docetaxel and vinblastine mediated by P-glycoprotein in human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Oct 7;48(7):1528-30. [PubMed:7945455]
- Hait WN, Gesmonde JF, Murren JR, Yang JM, Chen HX, Reiss M: Terfenadine (Seldane): a new drug for restoring sensitivity to multidrug resistant cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jan 26;45(2):401-6. [PubMed:8094615]
- Pouliot JF, L'Heureux F, Liu Z, Prichard RK, Georges E: Reversal of P-glycoprotein-associated multidrug resistance by ivermectin. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Jan 10;53(1):17-25. [PubMed:8960059]
- Kuhnel JM, Perrot JY, Faussat AM, Marie JP, Schwaller MA: Functional assay of multidrug resistant cells using JC-1, a carbocyanine fluorescent probe. Leukemia. 1997 Jul;11(7):1147-55. [PubMed:9205004]
- Kim AE, Dintaman JM, Waddell DS, Silverman JA: Saquinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor, is transported by P-glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Sep;286(3):1439-45. [PubMed:9732409]
- Bebawy M, Morris MB, Roufogalis BD: A continuous fluorescence assay for the study of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux using inside-out membrane vesicles. Anal Biochem. 1999 Mar 15;268(2):270-7. [PubMed:10075817]
- Golstein PE, Boom A, van Geffel J, Jacobs P, Masereel B, Beauwens R: P-glycoprotein inhibition by glibenclamide and related compounds. Pflugers Arch. 1999 Apr;437(5):652-60. [PubMed:10087141]
- Jonsson O, Behnam-Motlagh P, Persson M, Henriksson R, Grankvist K: Increase in doxorubicin cytotoxicity by carvedilol inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Dec 1;58(11):1801-6. [PubMed:10571255]
- Eagling VA, Profit L, Back DJ: Inhibition of the CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor saquinavir by grapefruit juice components. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;48(4):543-52. [PubMed:10583025]
- Choi CH, Kim JH, Kim SH: Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR by 5,7,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone and SAR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Jul 30;320(3):672-9. [PubMed:15240100]
- Honda Y, Ushigome F, Koyabu N, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Effects of grapefruit juice and orange juice components on P-glycoprotein- and MRP2-mediated drug efflux. Br J Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;143(7):856-64. Epub 2004 Oct 25. [PubMed:15504753]
- Hu K, Morris ME: Effects of benzyl-, phenethyl-, and alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanates on P-glycoprotein- and MRP1-mediated transport. J Pharm Sci. 2004 Jul;93(7):1901-11. [PubMed:15176077]
- Lee BH, Lee CO, Kwon MJ, Yi KY, Yoo SE, Choi SU: Differential effects of the optical isomers of KR30031 on cardiotoxicity and on multidrug resistance reversal activity. Anticancer Drugs. 2003 Feb;14(2):175-81. [PubMed:12569305]
- Nagy H, Goda K, Fenyvesi F, Bacso Z, Szilasi M, Kappelmayer J, Lustyik G, Cianfriglia M, Szabo G Jr: Distinct groups of multidrug resistance modulating agents are distinguished by competition of P-glycoprotein-specific antibodies. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Mar 19;315(4):942-9. [PubMed:14985103]
- Petri N, Tannergren C, Rungstad D, Lennernas H: Transport characteristics of fexofenadine in the Caco-2 cell model. Pharm Res. 2004 Aug;21(8):1398-404. [PubMed:15359574]
- Baltes S, Gastens AM, Fedrowitz M, Potschka H, Kaever V, Loscher W: Differences in the transport of the antiepileptic drugs phenytoin, levetiracetam and carbamazepine by human and mouse P-glycoprotein. Neuropharmacology. 2007 Feb;52(2):333-46. Epub 2006 Oct 10. [PubMed:17045309]
- Santoni-Rugiu E, Silverman JA: Functional characterization of the rat mdr1b encoded P-glycoprotein: not all inducing agents are substrates. Carcinogenesis. 1997 Nov;18(11):2255-63. [PubMed:9395229]
- Sieczkowski E, Lehner C, Ambros PF, Hohenegger M: Double impact on p-glycoprotein by statins enhances doxorubicin cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2010 May 1;126(9):2025-35. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24885. [PubMed:19739078]
- Chiu LY, Ko JL, Lee YJ, Yang TY, Tee YT, Sheu GT: L-type calcium channel blockers reverse docetaxel and vincristine-induced multidrug resistance independent of ABCB1 expression in human lung cancer cell lines. Toxicol Lett. 2010 Feb 15;192(3):408-18. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.11.018. Epub 2009 Nov 26. [PubMed:19944135]
- Karlsson JE, Heddle C, Rozkov A, Rotticci-Mulder J, Tuvesson O, Hilgendorf C, Andersson TB: High-activity p-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance protein 2, and breast cancer resistance protein membrane vesicles prepared from transiently transfected human embryonic kidney 293-epstein-barr virus nuclear antigen cells. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Apr;38(4):705-14. doi: 10.1124/dmd.109.028886. Epub 2010 Jan 13. [PubMed:20071452]
- Jutabha P, Wempe MF, Anzai N, Otomo J, Kadota T, Endou H: Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human P-glycoprotein: probing trans- and cis-inhibitory effects on [3H]vinblastine and [3H]digoxin efflux. Pharmacol Res. 2010 Jan;61(1):76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.07.002. Epub 2009 Jul 21. [PubMed:19631272]
- Kugawa F, Suzuki T, Miyata M, Tomono K, Tamanoi F: Construction of a model cell line for the assay of MDR1 (multi drug resistance gene-1) substrates/inhibitors using HeLa cells. Pharmazie. 2009 May;64(5):296-300. [PubMed:19530439]
- Dahan A, Amidon GL: Small intestinal efflux mediated by MRP2 and BCRP shifts sulfasalazine intestinal permeability from high to low, enabling its colonic targeting. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G371-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00102.2009. Epub 2009 Jun 18. [PubMed:19541926]
- Noguchi K, Kawahara H, Kaji A, Katayama K, Mitsuhashi J, Sugimoto Y: Substrate-dependent bidirectional modulation of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance by erlotinib. Cancer Sci. 2009 Sep;100(9):1701-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01213.x. Epub 2009 May 12. [PubMed:19493273]
- Dahan A, Sabit H, Amidon GL: The H2 receptor antagonist nizatidine is a P-glycoprotein substrate: characterization of its intestinal epithelial cell efflux transport. AAPS J. 2009 Jun;11(2):205-13. doi: 10.1208/s12248-009-9092-5. Epub 2009 Mar 25. [PubMed:19319690]
- Pauli-Magnus C, von Richter O, Burk O, Ziegler A, Mettang T, Eichelbaum M, Fromm MF: Characterization of the major metabolites of verapamil as substrates and inhibitors of P-glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):376-82. [PubMed:10773005]
- Polli JW, Wring SA, Humphreys JE, Huang L, Morgan JB, Webster LO, Serabjit-Singh CS: Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Nov;299(2):620-8. [PubMed:11602674]
- Adachi Y, Suzuki H, Sugiyama Y: Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8. [PubMed:11785684]
- Troutman MD, Thakker DR: Novel experimental parameters to quantify the modulation of absorptive and secretory transport of compounds by P-glycoprotein in cell culture models of intestinal epithelium. Pharm Res. 2003 Aug;20(8):1210-24. [PubMed:12948019]
- Faassen F, Vogel G, Spanings H, Vromans H: Caco-2 permeability, P-glycoprotein transport ratios and brain penetration of heterocyclic drugs. Int J Pharm. 2003 Sep 16;263(1-2):113-22. [PubMed:12954186]
- Dagenais C, Graff CL, Pollack GM: Variable modulation of opioid brain uptake by P-glycoprotein in mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 15;67(2):269-76. [PubMed:14698039]
- Borgnia MJ, Eytan GD, Assaraf YG: Competition of hydrophobic peptides, cytotoxic drugs, and chemosensitizers on a common P-glycoprotein pharmacophore as revealed by its ATPase activity. J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 9;271(6):3163-71. [PubMed:8621716]
- Collett A, Tanianis-Hughes J, Hallifax D, Warhurst G: Predicting P-glycoprotein effects on oral absorption: correlation of transport in Caco-2 with drug pharmacokinetics in wild-type and mdr1a(-/-) mice in vivo. Pharm Res. 2004 May;21(5):819-26. [PubMed:15180340]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnico...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A1
- Uniprot ID
- O15245
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 61153.345 Da
References
- Zhang L, Dresser MJ, Gray AT, Yost SC, Terashita S, Giacomini KM: Cloning and functional expression of a human liver organic cation transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;51(6):913-21. [PubMed:9187257]
- Zhang L, Schaner ME, Giacomini KM: Functional characterization of an organic cation transporter (hOCT1) in a transiently transfected human cell line (HeLa). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Jul;286(1):354-61. [PubMed:9655880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- May act as an inducible transporter in the biliary and intestinal excretion of organic anions. Acts as an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocyte...
- Gene Name
- ABCC3
- Uniprot ID
- O15438
- Uniprot Name
- Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2
- Molecular Weight
- 169341.14 Da
References
- Zeng H, Chen ZS, Belinsky MG, Rea PA, Kruh GD: Transport of methotrexate (MTX) and folates by multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 3 and MRP1: effect of polyglutamylation on MTX transport. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7225-32. [PubMed:11585759]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
- Specific Function
- May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification.
- Gene Name
- ABCC4
- Uniprot ID
- O15439
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
- Molecular Weight
- 149525.33 Da
References
- Chen ZS, Lee K, Walther S, Raftogianis RB, Kuwano M, Zeng H, Kruh GD: Analysis of methotrexate and folate transport by multidrug resistance protein 4 (ABCC4): MRP4 is a component of the methotrexate efflux system. Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 1;62(11):3144-50. [PubMed:12036927]
- Bai J, Lai L, Yeo HC, Goh BC, Tan TM: Multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) mediates efflux of bimane-glutathione. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Feb;36(2):247-57. [PubMed:14643890]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A5
- Uniprot ID
- O76082
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 5
- Molecular Weight
- 62751.08 Da
References
- Ohashi R, Tamai I, Yabuuchi H, Nezu JI, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84. [PubMed:10525100]
- Ohashi R, Tamai I, Nezu Ji J, Nikaido H, Hashimoto N, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Molecular and physiological evidence for multifunctionality of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN2. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;59(2):358-66. [PubMed:11160873]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
- Gene Name
- ABCC1
- Uniprot ID
- P33527
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 171589.5 Da
References
- Lespine A, Dupuy J, Orlowski S, Nagy T, Glavinas H, Krajcsi P, Alvinerie M: Interaction of ivermectin with multidrug resistance proteins (MRP1, 2 and 3). Chem Biol Interact. 2006 Feb 25;159(3):169-79. Epub 2005 Dec 27. [PubMed:16384552]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibit...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P46721
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 74144.105 Da
References
- Cvetkovic M, Leake B, Fromm MF, Wilkinson GR, Kim RB: OATP and P-glycoprotein transporters mediate the cellular uptake and excretion of fexofenadine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Aug;27(8):866-71. [PubMed:10421612]
- Shitara Y, Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Kato Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Itoh T, Sugiyama Y: Comparative inhibitory effects of different compounds on rat oatpl (slc21a1)- and Oatp2 (Slc21a5)-mediated transport. Pharm Res. 2002 Feb;19(2):147-53. [PubMed:11883641]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
- Specific Function
- ATP-dependent transporter probably involved in cellular detoxification through lipophilic anion extrusion.
- Gene Name
- ABCC10
- Uniprot ID
- Q5T3U5
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7
- Molecular Weight
- 161627.375 Da
References
- Chen ZS, Hopper-Borge E, Belinsky MG, Shchaveleva I, Kotova E, Kruh GD: Characterization of the transport properties of human multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7, ABCC10). Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;63(2):351-8. [PubMed:12527806]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter.
- Gene Name
- ABCC2
- Uniprot ID
- Q92887
- Uniprot Name
- Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
- Molecular Weight
- 174205.64 Da
References
- Tang F, Horie K, Borchardt RT: Are MDCK cells transfected with the human MRP2 gene a good model of the human intestinal mucosa? Pharm Res. 2002 Jun;19(6):773-9. [PubMed:12134946]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, low affinity carnitine transporter. Probably transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A4
- Uniprot ID
- Q9H015
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 4
- Molecular Weight
- 62154.48 Da
References
- Yabuuchi H, Tamai I, Nezu J, Sakamoto K, Oku A, Shimane M, Sai Y, Tsuji A: Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 May;289(2):768-73. [PubMed:10215651]
- Wu X, George RL, Huang W, Wang H, Conway SJ, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V: Structural and functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of rat OCTN1, an organic cation transporter, cloned from placenta. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jun 1;1466(1-2):315-27. [PubMed:10825452]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- High-capacity urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. Plays a role in porphyrin homeostasis as it is able to mediates the export of protoporhyrin IX (PPIX) both fro...
- Gene Name
- ABCG2
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UNQ0
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 72313.47 Da
References
- Ozvegy-Laczka C, Hegedus T, Varady G, Ujhelly O, Schuetz JD, Varadi A, Keri G, Orfi L, Nemet K, Sarkadi B: High-affinity interaction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with the ABCG2 multidrug transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Jun;65(6):1485-95. [PubMed:15155841]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostagland...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1B1
- Uniprot ID
- Q9Y6L6
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
- Molecular Weight
- 76447.99 Da
References
- Oostendorp RL, van de Steeg E, van der Kruijssen CM, Beijnen JH, Kenworthy KE, Schinkel AH, Schellens JH: Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 mediates transport of Gimatecan and BNP1350 and can be inhibited by several classic ATP-binding cassette (ABC) B1 and/or ABCG2 inhibitors. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Apr;37(4):917-23. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.024901. Epub 2009 Jan 12. [PubMed:19139163]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on June 24, 2018 20:22