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IdentificationPharmacologyInteractionsReferencesTrialsEconomicsPropertiesSpectraTaxonomyIdentification
- Name
- Verapamil
- Accession Number
- DB00661 (APRD00335)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Description
A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.
- Structure
Structure for DB00661 (Verapamil)
- Synonyms
- Iproveratril
- Vérapamil
- Verapamil
- Verapamilo
- Verapamilum
- External IDs
- CP-16,533-1 / D-365
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Verapamil hydrochloride V3888OEY5R 152-11-4 DOQPXTMNIUCOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Product Images
- Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Calan Tablet, film coated 80 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1984-09-10 Not applicable US 
Calan Tablet, film coated 120 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1984-09-10 Not applicable US Calan SR Tablet, film coated, extended release 120 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1991-03-06 Not applicable US Calan SR Tablet, film coated, extended release 240 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1986-12-16 Not applicable US 
Calan SR Tablet, film coated, extended release 180 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1989-12-15 Not applicable US Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 180 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1996-02-26 2016-10-13 US Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 240 mg Oral Pfizer 1997-11-13 2013-02-15 Canada 
Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 240 mg/1 Oral G.D. Searle LLC Division of Pfizer Inc 1996-02-26 2016-10-13 US Covera-HS Tablet, extended release 180 mg Oral Pfizer 1997-11-13 2013-02-15 Canada Isoptin Inj 2.5mg/ml Liquid 2.5 mg Intravenous Abbott 1984-12-31 2007-07-31 Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Alti-verapamil - 120mg Tablet 120 mg Oral Altimed Pharma Inc. 1990-12-31 2004-08-03 Canada Alti-verapamil - 80mg Tablet 80 mg Oral Altimed Pharma Inc. 1990-12-31 2004-08-03 Canada Apo-verap SR Tablet, extended release 180 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2003-04-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap SR Tablet, extended release 120 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2003-04-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap SR Tablet, extended release 240 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2003-04-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap Tab 80mg Tablet 80 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1989-12-31 Not applicable Canada Apo-verap Tablet 120mg Tablet 120 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1989-12-31 Not applicable Canada Dom-verapamil SR 240mg Tablets Tablet, extended release 240 mg Oral Dominion Pharmacal 1999-12-16 Not applicable Canada Mylan-verapamil Tablet 80 mg Oral Mylan Pharmaceuticals 1998-05-25 Not applicable Canada Mylan-verapamil Tablet 120 mg Oral Mylan Pharmaceuticals 1998-05-11 Not applicable Canada - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2005-05-27 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (180 mg) + Trandolapril (2 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Abbott 2002-07-15 2010-11-12 Canada Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (4 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Abbvie 1996-10-22 Not applicable US 
Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (180 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2009-01-01 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (180 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Abbvie 1996-10-22 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg) + Trandolapril (2 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Bgp Pharma Ulc 2002-07-15 Not applicable Canada Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg) + Trandolapril (4 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Bgp Pharma Ulc 2002-07-15 Not applicable Canada Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (2 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Abbvie 1996-10-22 Not applicable US Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg/1) + Trandolapril (4 mg/1) Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2009-06-25 Not applicable US 
Tarka Verapamil hydrochloride (240 mg) + Trandolapril (1 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Abbott 2002-07-15 2010-11-12 Canada - International/Other Brands
- Bosoptin (Bosnalijek) / Isoptin (Abbott) / Verisop (Gerard) / Vermin (Ratiopharm) / Vermine (Pharmasant) / Verogalid (Ivax) / Verogalid ER (Ivax) / Verpamil (Mylan) / Vertab (Trinity-Chiesi) / Vetrimil (CCPC) / Zolvera (Rosemont)
- Categories
- ACE Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists
- Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists
- Adrenergic Antagonists
- Amines
- Antiarrhythmic agents
- BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors
- Bradycardia-Causing Agents
- BSEP/ABCB11 Inhibitors
- BSEP/ABCB11 Substrates
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Calcium Channel Blockers (Nondihydropyridine)
- Calcium Channel Blockers, Dihydropyridine and Nondihydropyridine
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Cardiovascular System
- Combined Inhibitors of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein (Moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors (weak)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Ethylamines
- Hypotensive Agents
- Membrane Transport Modulators
- Miscellaneous Calcium-channel Blocking Agents
- OATP1B1/SLCO1B1 Inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inducers
- P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates
- Phenethylamines
- Phenylalkylamine Derivatives
- Selective Calcium Channel Blockers With Direct Cardiac Effects
- Vasodilating Agents
- Verapamil
- UNII
- CJ0O37KU29
- CAS number
- 52-53-9
- Weight
- Average: 454.6016
Monoisotopic: 454.283157714 - Chemical Formula
- C27H38N2O4
- InChI Key
- SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C27H38N2O4/c1-20(2)27(19-28,22-10-12-24(31-5)26(18-22)33-7)14-8-15-29(3)16-13-21-9-11-23(30-4)25(17-21)32-6/h9-12,17-18,20H,8,13-16H2,1-7H3
- IUPAC Name
- 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
- SMILES
- COC1=C(OC)C=C(CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2)C=C1
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of hypertension, angina, and cluster headache prophylaxis.
- Associated Conditions
- Pharmacodynamics
Verapamil is an L-type calcium channel blocker that also has antiarrythmic activity. The R-enantiomer is more effective at reducing blood pressure compared to the S-enantiomer. However, the S-enantiomer is 20 times more potent than the R-enantiomer at prolonging the PR interval in treating arrhythmias.
- Mechanism of action
Verapamil inhibits voltage-dependent calcium channels. Specifically, its effect on L-type calcium channels in the heart causes a reduction in ionotropy and chronotropy, thuis reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Verapamil's mechanism of effect in cluster headache is thought to be linked to its calcium-channel blocker effect, but which channel subtypes are involved is presently not known.
- Absorption
90%
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
90%
- Metabolism
- Route of elimination
Approximately 70% of an administered dose is excreted as metabolites in the urine and 16% or more in the feces within 5 days. About 3% to 4% is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug.
- Half life
2.8-7.4 hours
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Toxicity
LD50=8 mg/kg (i.v. in mice)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
Pathway Category Verapamil Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Interacting Gene/Enzyme Allele name Genotype(s) Defining Change(s) Type(s) Description Details Beta-1 adrenergic receptor --- (G;G) / (C;G) G > C Effect Directly Studied Patients with this genotype require a lower dosage of verapamil to achieve a favourable rate-control response when treating atrial fibrillation. Details
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction Drug group (R)-warfarin The metabolism of (R)-warfarin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental (S)-Warfarin The metabolism of (S)-Warfarin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational 16-Bromoepiandrosterone The metabolism of 16-Bromoepiandrosterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid The metabolism of 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational 4-hydroxycoumarin The metabolism of 4-hydroxycoumarin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental 4-Methoxyamphetamine The therapeutic efficacy of 4-Methoxyamphetamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental, Illicit 5-androstenedione The metabolism of 5-androstenedione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Illicit 6-O-benzylguanine The metabolism of 6-O-benzylguanine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Abafungin The therapeutic efficacy of Abafungin can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Abediterol The therapeutic efficacy of Abediterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Abemaciclib The serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Abiraterone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. Approved Acebutolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. Approved, Investigational Acenocoumarol The metabolism of Acenocoumarol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Acepromazine Acepromazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Acetaminophen The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Acetaminophen. Approved Acetyldigitoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Acetyldigitoxin. Approved Acetyldigoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Acetyldigoxin. Experimental Acetylsalicylic acid Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acetylsalicylic acid. Approved, Vet Approved Adinazolam The metabolism of Adinazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Adrafinil The therapeutic efficacy of Adrafinil can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Withdrawn Afatinib The serum concentration of Afatinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Agmatine The therapeutic efficacy of Agmatine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational Albaconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Albaconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Albendazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Albendazole. Approved, Vet Approved Alclometasone The metabolism of Alclometasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Alcuronium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Alcuronium. Experimental Aldesleukin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Verapamil. Approved Aldosterone The serum concentration of Aldosterone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational Alectinib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Alectinib. Approved, Investigational Alfentanil The metabolism of Alfentanil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Alfuzosin Alfuzosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Aliskiren The serum concentration of Aliskiren can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Alitretinoin The serum concentration of Alitretinoin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Allylestrenol The metabolism of Allylestrenol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Almotriptan The metabolism of Almotriptan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Alogliptin The metabolism of Alogliptin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Alosetron The metabolism of Alosetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Aloxiprin Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Aloxiprin. Experimental alpha-Tocopherol acetate The metabolism of alpha-Tocopherol acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Alprazolam The metabolism of Alprazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Alprenolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Alprenolol. Approved, Withdrawn Ambrisentan The serum concentration of Ambrisentan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ambroxol The metabolism of Ambroxol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amcinonide The metabolism of Amcinonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Amibegron The therapeutic efficacy of Amibegron can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Amifostine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amifostine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amiloride The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amiloride is combined with Verapamil. Approved Aminophenazone The metabolism of Aminophenazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Aminophylline The metabolism of Aminophylline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Aminosalicylic Acid Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Aminosalicylic Acid. Approved Amiodarone The risk or severity of bradycardia can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Amiodarone. Approved, Investigational Amitraz The therapeutic efficacy of Amitraz can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Amitriptyline Amitriptyline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Amlodipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Amlodipine. Approved Amobarbital Amobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Amodiaquine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Amodiaquine. Approved, Investigational Amoxapine Amoxapine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Amphotericin B Verapamil may decrease the nephrotoxic activities of Amphotericin B. Approved, Investigational Amprenavir The serum concentration of Amprenavir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Amsacrine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Amsacrine. Approved, Investigational Amyl Nitrite The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Amyl Nitrite. Approved Androstenedione The metabolism of Androstenedione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Illicit Anisodamine Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Anisodamine. Investigational Annamycin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Annamycin. Investigational Antipyrine The metabolism of Antipyrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Apalutamide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Apalutamide. Approved, Investigational Apomorphine The therapeutic efficacy of Apomorphine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Apraclonidine The therapeutic efficacy of Apraclonidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Apremilast The metabolism of Apremilast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Aprepitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Aprepitant. Approved, Investigational Aranidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Aranidipine. Approved, Investigational Arbutamine The therapeutic efficacy of Arbutamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Arformoterol The therapeutic efficacy of Arformoterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Argatroban The metabolism of Argatroban can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Aripiprazole The serum concentration of Aripiprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Arotinolol The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Arotinolol is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Arsenic trioxide The serum concentration of Arsenic trioxide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Artemether The metabolism of Artemether can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ascorbic acid The serum concentration of Ascorbic acid can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Asenapine Asenapine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Astemizole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Astemizole. Approved, Withdrawn Asunaprevir The serum concentration of Asunaprevir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Atazanavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Atazanavir. Approved, Investigational Atenolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Atenolol. Approved Atorvastatin Atorvastatin can cause a decrease in the absorption of Verapamil resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Approved Atovaquone The metabolism of Atovaquone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Atracurium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Atracurium. Approved, Experimental, Investigational Atracurium besylate Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Atracurium besylate. Approved Avanafil The serum concentration of Avanafil can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Avatrombopag The serum concentration of Avatrombopag can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Axitinib The serum concentration of Axitinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Azelastine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Azelastine. Approved Azelnidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Azelnidipine. Approved, Investigational Azilsartan medoxomil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Azilsartan medoxomil. Approved, Investigational Azithromycin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Azithromycin. Approved Bafilomycin A1 The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Bafilomycin A1. Experimental Bafilomycin B1 The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Bafilomycin B1. Experimental Balaglitazone The metabolism of Balaglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Balsalazide Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Balsalazide. Approved, Investigational Bambuterol The therapeutic efficacy of Bambuterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Banoxantrone The metabolism of Banoxantrone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Barbexaclone Barbexaclone may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Barbital Barbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Illicit Baricitinib The serum concentration of Baricitinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Barnidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Barnidipine. Approved Beclomethasone dipropionate The metabolism of Beclomethasone dipropionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bedaquiline The metabolism of Bedaquiline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Befunolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Befunolol. Experimental Belinostat The serum concentration of Belinostat can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Benazepril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benazepril is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bencyclane The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Bencyclane. Experimental Bendroflumethiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bendroflumethiazide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Benidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Benidipine. Approved, Investigational Benmoxin Benmoxin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Benzphetamine The therapeutic efficacy of Benzphetamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Benzquinamide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Benzquinamide. Withdrawn Benzyl alcohol The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Benzyl alcohol. Approved Bepridil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Bepridil. Approved, Withdrawn Beractant Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Beractant. Approved Betamethasone The serum concentration of Betamethasone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Betaxolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Betaxolol. Approved, Investigational Bethanidine The therapeutic efficacy of Bethanidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Bevantolol Bevantolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Bexarotene The metabolism of Bexarotene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bezafibrate The metabolism of Bezafibrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bicalutamide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Bicalutamide. Approved Bictegravir The metabolism of Bictegravir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bifonazole The therapeutic efficacy of Bifonazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bioallethrin The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Bioallethrin. Approved, Experimental Biricodar dicitrate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Biricodar dicitrate. Investigational Bisacodyl The therapeutic efficacy of Bisacodyl can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Bisoprolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Bisoprolol. Approved Bisoxatin The therapeutic efficacy of Bisoxatin can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Bitolterol The therapeutic efficacy of Bitolterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Withdrawn Blonanserin The metabolism of Blonanserin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Boceprevir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Boceprevir. Approved, Withdrawn Bopindolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Bopindolol. Approved Bortezomib The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bortezomib is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bosentan The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Bosentan. Approved, Investigational Bosutinib The serum concentration of Bosutinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Brefeldin A The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Brefeldin A. Experimental Brentuximab vedotin The serum concentration of Brentuximab vedotin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bretylium Bretylium may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved Brexpiprazole The serum concentration of Brexpiprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Brigatinib The metabolism of Brigatinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Brimonidine The therapeutic efficacy of Brimonidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Brinzolamide The metabolism of Brinzolamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Brivaracetam The metabolism of Brivaracetam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bromazepam The metabolism of Bromazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Bromocriptine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Bromocriptine. Approved, Investigational Bromperidol The serum concentration of Bromperidol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Brompheniramine The metabolism of Brompheniramine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Bucindolol Bucindolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Budesonide The serum concentration of Budesonide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Bufuralol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Bufuralol. Experimental, Investigational Bumetanide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Bumetanide. Approved Bunazosin Bunazosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Bupivacaine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bupivacaine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Bupranolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Bupranolol. Approved Buprenorphine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Buprenorphine. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet Approved Bupropion The metabolism of Bupropion can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Buspirone The metabolism of Buspirone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Busulfan The metabolism of Busulfan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Butoconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Butoconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Cabazitaxel The serum concentration of Cabazitaxel can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Cabergoline The metabolism of Cabergoline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cabozantinib The metabolism of Cabozantinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Caffeine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Caffeine. Approved Calcitriol The metabolism of Calcitriol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Calcium Acetate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Acetate. Approved, Investigational Calcium Carbonate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Carbonate. Approved, Investigational Calcium Chloride The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Chloride. Approved Calcium Citrate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Citrate. Approved Calcium glubionate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium glubionate. Approved Calcium Gluceptate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Gluceptate. Approved Calcium gluconate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium gluconate. Approved, Vet Approved Calcium lactate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium lactate. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Calcium lactate gluconate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium lactate gluconate. Experimental Calcium levulinate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium levulinate. Approved, Experimental Calcium pangamate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium pangamate. Experimental Calcium Phosphate The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium Phosphate. Approved Calfactant Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Calfactant. Approved Camptothecin The serum concentration of Camptothecin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Canagliflozin The serum concentration of Canagliflozin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Candesartan cilexetil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Candesartan cilexetil. Approved Cannabidiol The metabolism of Cannabidiol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Captopril The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Captopril. Approved Carbamazepine The serum concentration of Carbamazepine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Carbaspirin calcium Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Carbaspirin calcium. Experimental, Investigational Carbetocin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Carbetocin is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Carbinoxamine The metabolism of Carbinoxamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Carboxyamidotriazole The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Carboxyamidotriazole. Investigational Carboxymethylcellulose The therapeutic efficacy of Carboxymethylcellulose can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Carfilzomib The serum concentration of Carfilzomib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cariprazine The metabolism of Cariprazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Caroverine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Caroverine. Experimental Caroxazone Caroxazone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Carteolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Carteolol. Approved Carvedilol Carvedilol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Castor oil The therapeutic efficacy of Castor oil can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical, Vet Approved Cefoperazone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Cefoperazone. Approved, Investigational Ceftriaxone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Ceftriaxone. Approved Celecoxib The metabolism of Celecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Celiprolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Celiprolol. Approved, Investigational Cephalexin The metabolism of Cephalexin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Ceritinib Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Ceritinib. Approved Cerivastatin The serum concentration of Cerivastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Cerliponase alfa The serum concentration of Cerliponase alfa can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cevimeline The metabolism of Cevimeline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Chenodeoxycholic acid The metabolism of Chenodeoxycholic acid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Chlorambucil The serum concentration of Chlorambucil can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Chlordiazepoxide The metabolism of Chlordiazepoxide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Chlormadinone The metabolism of Chlormadinone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Chloroform The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Chloroform. Vet Approved Chloroquine The serum concentration of Chloroquine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Chlorothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Chlorothiazide. Approved, Vet Approved Chlorphenamine The metabolism of Chlorphenamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Chlorprothixene The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Chlorprothixene. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Chlorthalidone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorthalidone is combined with Verapamil. Approved Chlorzoxazone The metabolism of Chlorzoxazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cholecalciferol The metabolism of Cholecalciferol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Ciclesonide The metabolism of Ciclesonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ciglitazone The metabolism of Ciglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Cilazapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Cilazapril. Approved Cilnidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Cilnidipine. Approved, Investigational Cilostazol The serum concentration of Cilostazol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cimetidine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Cimetidine. Approved, Investigational Cinacalcet The metabolism of Cinacalcet can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cinnarizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Cinnarizine. Approved, Investigational Ciprofloxacin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ciprofloxacin. Approved, Investigational Cirazoline The therapeutic efficacy of Cirazoline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Cisapride The metabolism of Cisapride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Cisatracurium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Cisatracurium. Approved Cisplatin The serum concentration of Cisplatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Citalopram The serum concentration of Citalopram can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Clarithromycin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Clarithromycin. Approved Clenbuterol The therapeutic efficacy of Clenbuterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Clevidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Clevidipine. Approved, Investigational Clindamycin The metabolism of Clindamycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Clobazam The serum concentration of Clobazam can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clobetasol The metabolism of Clobetasol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Clobetasol propionate The metabolism of Clobetasol propionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Clobetasone The metabolism of Clobetasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Clofarabine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clofarabine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Clofazimine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Clofazimine. Approved, Investigational Clofibrate The metabolism of Clofibrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational clomethiazole The metabolism of clomethiazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Clomipramine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Clomipramine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Clonazepam The metabolism of Clonazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clonidine Clonidine may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Verapamil. Approved Clopidogrel The therapeutic efficacy of Clopidogrel can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Cloranolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Cloranolol. Experimental Clorazepate The metabolism of Clorazepate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clorindione The metabolism of Clorindione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Clotiazepam The metabolism of Clotiazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Clotrimazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Clotrimazole. Approved, Vet Approved Clozapine Clozapine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Cobicistat The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Cobicistat. Approved Cobimetinib The serum concentration of Cobimetinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cocaine The metabolism of Cocaine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Codeine The metabolism of Codeine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Colchicine The serum concentration of Colchicine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Concanamycin A The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Concanamycin A. Experimental Conivaptan The serum concentration of Conivaptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Conjugated estrogens The serum concentration of Conjugated estrogens can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Copanlisib The serum concentration of Copanlisib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Corticosterone The metabolism of Corticosterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Corticotropin The metabolism of Corticotropin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Cortisone acetate The metabolism of Cortisone acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Crizotinib The serum concentration of Crizotinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Curcumin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Curcumin. Approved, Investigational Cyclandelate The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Cyclandelate. Approved Cyclobenzaprine The metabolism of Cyclobenzaprine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Cyclophosphamide The metabolism of Cyclophosphamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Cyclosporine The metabolism of Cyclosporine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Cymarin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Cymarin. Experimental Cyproterone acetate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Cyproterone acetate. Approved, Investigational Cytarabine The serum concentration of Cytarabine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dabigatran etexilate The serum concentration of Dabigatran etexilate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Dabrafenib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Dabrafenib. Approved, Investigational Daclatasvir The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Daclatasvir. Approved, Investigational Dactinomycin The serum concentration of Dactinomycin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Danazol The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Danazol. Approved Danthron The therapeutic efficacy of Danthron can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Dantrolene Dantrolene may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dapagliflozin The serum concentration of Dapagliflozin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Dapiprazole Dapiprazole may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Dapoxetine The serum concentration of Dapoxetine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Dapsone The metabolism of Dapsone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Darifenacin The metabolism of Darifenacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Darodipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Darodipine. Experimental Darunavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Darunavir. Approved Dasabuvir The serum concentration of Dasabuvir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Daunorubicin The serum concentration of Daunorubicin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Debrisoquin The serum concentration of Debrisoquin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Deferasirox The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Deferasirox. Approved, Investigational Deflazacort The metabolism of Deflazacort can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Delamanid The metabolism of Delamanid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Delavirdine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Delavirdine. Approved Demegestone The metabolism of Demegestone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dersalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dersalazine. Investigational Desflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Desflurane is combined with Verapamil. Approved Desipramine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Desipramine. Approved, Investigational Deslanoside Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Deslanoside. Approved Desmethylsertraline The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Desmethylsertraline. Experimental Desogestrel The metabolism of Desogestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Desonide The metabolism of Desonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Desoxycorticosterone acetate The metabolism of Desoxycorticosterone acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate The metabolism of Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Vet Approved Desvenlafaxine The metabolism of Desvenlafaxine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Detomidine The therapeutic efficacy of Detomidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Deutetrabenazine The metabolism of Deutetrabenazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dexamethasone The serum concentration of Dexamethasone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Dexamethasone isonicotinate The metabolism of Dexamethasone isonicotinate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Vet Approved Dexchlorpheniramine maleate The metabolism of Dexchlorpheniramine maleate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dexlansoprazole The metabolism of Dexlansoprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dexmedetomidine The therapeutic efficacy of Dexmedetomidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Dexniguldipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Dexniguldipine. Experimental Dexrabeprazole The metabolism of Dexrabeprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Dextromethorphan The metabolism of Dextromethorphan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dextropropoxyphene The metabolism of Dextropropoxyphene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Withdrawn Dexverapamil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Dexverapamil. Experimental Diazepam The serum concentration of Diazepam can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet Approved Diclofenac The metabolism of Diclofenac can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Diclofenamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Diclofenamide. Approved, Investigational Dicoumarol The metabolism of Dicoumarol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dienogest The metabolism of Dienogest can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Diethyl ether The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Diethyl ether. Experimental Diethylstilbestrol The serum concentration of Diethylstilbestrol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Diflunisal Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Diflunisal. Approved, Investigational Difluocortolone The metabolism of Difluocortolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Difluprednate The metabolism of Difluprednate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Digitoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Digitoxin. Approved, Investigational Digoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Digoxin. Approved Dihydro-alpha-ergocryptine The metabolism of Dihydro-alpha-ergocryptine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dihydrocodeine The metabolism of Dihydrocodeine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Dihydroergocornine The metabolism of Dihydroergocornine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dihydroergocristine The metabolism of Dihydroergocristine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Experimental Dihydroergocryptine The metabolism of Dihydroergocryptine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Dihydroergotamine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Dihydroergotamine. Approved, Investigational Diltiazem The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Diltiazem. Approved, Investigational Dinutuximab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Dinutuximab. Approved, Investigational Diphenadione The metabolism of Diphenadione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Dipivefrin The therapeutic efficacy of Dipivefrin can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Dipyridamole The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Dipyridamole is combined with Verapamil. Approved Disopyramide The risk or severity of sinus node depression can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Disopyramide. Approved Disulfiram The metabolism of Disulfiram can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved DL-Methylephedrine The therapeutic efficacy of DL-Methylephedrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Dobutamine The therapeutic efficacy of Dobutamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Docetaxel The serum concentration of Docetaxel can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Docusate The therapeutic efficacy of Docusate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Dofequidar The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Dofequidar. Experimental, Investigational Dofetilide The serum concentration of Dofetilide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dolasetron The metabolism of Dolasetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dolutegravir The serum concentration of Dolutegravir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Domperidone The serum concentration of Domperidone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Donepezil The metabolism of Donepezil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dopexamine The therapeutic efficacy of Dopexamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dorzolamide The metabolism of Dorzolamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Dosulepin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Dosulepin. Approved Dotarizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Dotarizine. Investigational Dovitinib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Dovitinib. Investigational Doxacurium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Doxacurium. Approved Doxazosin Doxazosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Doxepin Doxepin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Doxofylline The therapeutic efficacy of Doxofylline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Doxorubicin The serum concentration of Doxorubicin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Doxycycline The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Doxycycline. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Droperidol Droperidol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Drospirenone The metabolism of Drospirenone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Droxidopa The therapeutic efficacy of Droxidopa can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Duloxetine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Duloxetine. Approved Dutasteride The metabolism of Dutasteride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Dydrogesterone The metabolism of Dydrogesterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Econazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Econazole. Approved Edoxaban The serum concentration of Edoxaban can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Efavirenz The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Efavirenz. Approved, Investigational Efinaconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Efinaconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Efonidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Efonidipine. Approved, Investigational Elacridar The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Elacridar. Investigational Elagolix The serum concentration of Elagolix can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Elbasvir The serum concentration of Elbasvir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Eletriptan The serum concentration of Eletriptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Eliglustat The serum concentration of Eliglustat can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Elvitegravir The metabolism of Elvitegravir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Emopamil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Emopamil. Experimental Empagliflozin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Empagliflozin. Approved Enalapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Enalapril is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Enalaprilat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Enalaprilat is combined with Verapamil. Approved Enasidenib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Enasidenib. Approved, Investigational Encorafenib The metabolism of Encorafenib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Enoxacin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Enoxacin. Approved, Investigational Enzalutamide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Enzalutamide. Approved Epanolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Epanolol. Experimental Eperisone The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Eperisone. Approved, Investigational Ephedra The therapeutic efficacy of Ephedra can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical, Withdrawn Ephedrine The therapeutic efficacy of Ephedrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Epinastine The serum concentration of Epinastine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Epinephrine The therapeutic efficacy of Epinephrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Eplerenone The serum concentration of Eplerenone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Epoprostenol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Epoprostenol is combined with Verapamil. Approved Eprosartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Eprosartan. Approved Equilenin The metabolism of Equilenin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Equilin The metabolism of Equilin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ergocalciferol The metabolism of Ergocalciferol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Nutraceutical Ergoloid mesylate The metabolism of Ergoloid mesylate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ergonovine The metabolism of Ergonovine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ergotamine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Ergotamine. Approved Erlotinib The serum concentration of Erlotinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ertugliflozin The serum concentration of Ertugliflozin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Erythromycin The serum concentration of Erythromycin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Esatenolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Esatenolol. Experimental Escitalopram The metabolism of Escitalopram can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Esmolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Esmolol. Approved Esomeprazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Esomeprazole. Approved, Investigational Estazolam The metabolism of Estazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Estradiol The serum concentration of Estradiol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol acetate The serum concentration of Estradiol acetate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol benzoate The serum concentration of Estradiol benzoate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol cypionate The serum concentration of Estradiol cypionate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol dienanthate The serum concentration of Estradiol dienanthate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estradiol valerate The serum concentration of Estradiol valerate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estramustine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Estramustine. Approved, Investigational Estriol The serum concentration of Estriol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Estrogens, esterified The metabolism of Estrogens, esterified can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Estrone The serum concentration of Estrone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Estrone sulfate The metabolism of Estrone sulfate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Eszopiclone The metabolism of Eszopiclone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Etacrynic acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Etacrynic acid. Approved, Investigational Etafedrine The therapeutic efficacy of Etafedrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Ethanol The serum concentration of Ethanol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ethinyl Estradiol The serum concentration of Ethinyl Estradiol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ethosuximide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Ethosuximide. Approved Ethyl biscoumacetate The metabolism of Ethyl biscoumacetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Withdrawn Ethylmorphine The metabolism of Ethylmorphine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Ethynodiol The metabolism of Ethynodiol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Ethynodiol diacetate The metabolism of Ethynodiol diacetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Etilefrine The therapeutic efficacy of Etilefrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Withdrawn Etizolam The metabolism of Etizolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Etomidate The therapeutic efficacy of Etomidate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Etonogestrel The metabolism of Etonogestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Etoposide The serum concentration of Etoposide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Etoricoxib The metabolism of Etoricoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Etravirine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Etravirine. Approved Everolimus The serum concentration of Everolimus can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Exemestane The metabolism of Exemestane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ezetimibe The serum concentration of Ezetimibe can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Famciclovir The metabolism of Famciclovir can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Felbamate The metabolism of Felbamate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Felodipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Felodipine. Approved, Investigational Fendiline The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fendiline. Withdrawn Fenofibrate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fenofibrate. Approved Fenoldopam The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fenoldopam is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fenoterol The therapeutic efficacy of Fenoterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fentanyl The serum concentration of Fentanyl can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet Approved Fenticonazole The therapeutic efficacy of Fenticonazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Fesoterodine The serum concentration of the active metabolites of Fesoterodine can be increased when Fesoterodine is used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Fidaxomicin The serum concentration of Fidaxomicin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fimasartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fimasartan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Finasteride The metabolism of Finasteride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fingolimod The risk or severity of bradycardia can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fingolimod. Approved, Investigational Fish oil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fish oil. Approved, Nutraceutical Flecainide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Flecainide. Approved, Withdrawn Flibanserin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Flibanserin. Approved, Investigational Fluciclovine (18F) The serum concentration of Fluciclovine (18F) can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fluconazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fluconazole. Approved, Investigational Fludrocortisone The metabolism of Fludrocortisone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fluindione The metabolism of Fluindione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Flumethasone The metabolism of Flumethasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Flunarizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Flunarizine. Approved Flunisolide The metabolism of Flunisolide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Flunitrazepam The metabolism of Flunitrazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Fluocinolone Acetonide The metabolism of Fluocinolone Acetonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Fluocinonide The metabolism of Fluocinonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fluocortolone The metabolism of Fluocortolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Fluorometholone The metabolism of Fluorometholone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fluoxetine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fluoxetine. Approved, Vet Approved Flupentixol Flupentixol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Fluphenazine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fluphenazine. Approved Fluprednidene The metabolism of Fluprednidene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Fluprednisolone The metabolism of Fluprednisolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Flurandrenolide The metabolism of Flurandrenolide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Flurazepam The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Flurazepam. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Fluspirilene The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Fluspirilene. Approved, Investigational Flutamide The metabolism of Flutamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fluticasone The serum concentration of Fluticasone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Experimental, Investigational Fluticasone furoate The serum concentration of Fluticasone furoate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fluticasone propionate The serum concentration of Fluticasone propionate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Flutrimazole The therapeutic efficacy of Flutrimazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Fluvastatin The metabolism of Fluvastatin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fluvoxamine The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fluvoxamine. Approved, Investigational Formoterol The therapeutic efficacy of Formoterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fosamprenavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Fosamprenavir. Approved Fosaprepitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fosaprepitant. Approved Fosinopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fosinopril is combined with Verapamil. Approved Fosnetupitant The metabolism of Fosnetupitant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Fosphenytoin The serum concentration of Fosphenytoin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fostamatinib The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Fostamatinib is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Fulvestrant The metabolism of Fulvestrant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Furazolidone Furazolidone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Furosemide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Furosemide. Approved, Vet Approved Fusidic Acid The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Fusidic Acid. Approved, Investigational Gabapentin The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Gabapentin. Approved, Investigational Galantamine The metabolism of Galantamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Gallamine Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Gallamine. Experimental Gallamine Triethiodide Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Gallamine Triethiodide. Approved Gallopamil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Gallopamil. Investigational Gefitinib The serum concentration of Gefitinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Gemfibrozil The metabolism of Gemfibrozil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Genistein The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Genistein. Investigational Gestodene The metabolism of Gestodene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Gestrinone The metabolism of Gestrinone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Gitoformate Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Gitoformate. Experimental Glecaprevir The serum concentration of Glecaprevir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Glipizide The metabolism of Glipizide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Glyburide The serum concentration of Glyburide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Glycerin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Glycerin. Approved, Investigational Gramicidin D The serum concentration of Gramicidin D can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Granisetron The metabolism of Granisetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Grazoprevir The serum concentration of Grazoprevir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Grepafloxacin The serum concentration of Grepafloxacin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Guacetisal Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Guacetisal. Experimental Guanabenz The therapeutic efficacy of Guanabenz can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Guanfacine The therapeutic efficacy of Guanfacine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Halcinonide The metabolism of Halcinonide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Halofantrine The serum concentration of Halofantrine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Haloperidol The metabolism of Haloperidol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Halothane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Halothane is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Harmaline Harmaline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental HE3286 The metabolism of HE3286 can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Hexobarbital Hexobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Hexoprenaline The therapeutic efficacy of Hexoprenaline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Higenamine The therapeutic efficacy of Higenamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Histamine The metabolism of Histamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational HM-30181 The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with HM-30181. Experimental Hycanthone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Hycanthone. Approved, Investigational Hydracarbazine Hydracarbazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Hydralazine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Hydralazine. Approved Hydrochlorothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Hydrochlorothiazide. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocodone The metabolism of Hydrocodone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Hydrocortisone The serum concentration of Hydrocortisone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone aceponate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone aceponate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone acetate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone butyrate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone butyrate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone cypionate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone cypionate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone phosphate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone phosphate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone probutate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone probutate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydrocortisone succinate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone succinate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Hydrocortisone valerate The metabolism of Hydrocortisone valerate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Hydroflumethiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroflumethiazide is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Hydromorphone The metabolism of Hydromorphone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Hydroxychloroquine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Hydroxychloroquine. Approved Hydroxyprogesterone The metabolism of Hydroxyprogesterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Hydroxyprogesterone caproate The metabolism of Hydroxyprogesterone caproate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Hydroxyurea The serum concentration of Hydroxyurea can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ibrutinib The serum concentration of Ibrutinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ibuprofen The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Ibuprofen. Approved Icotinib The metabolism of Icotinib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Idelalisib The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Idelalisib. Approved Ifosfamide The serum concentration of the active metabolites of Ifosfamide can be reduced when Ifosfamide is used in combination with Verapamil resulting in a loss in efficacy. Approved Iloperidone Iloperidone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Iloprost The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Iloprost is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Imidafenacin The metabolism of Imidafenacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Imidapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Imidapril is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Imipramine Imipramine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Imiquimod The metabolism of Imiquimod can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Indacaterol The therapeutic efficacy of Indacaterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Indapamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Indapamide. Approved Indenolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Indenolol. Withdrawn Indinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Indinavir. Approved Indomethacin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Indomethacin. Approved, Investigational Indoramin Indoramin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Inotuzumab ozogamicin The serum concentration of Inotuzumab ozogamicin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ipecac The metabolism of Ipecac can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Ipratropium The metabolism of Ipratropium can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Iproniazid Iproniazid may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Irbesartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Irbesartan. Approved, Investigational Irinotecan The serum concentration of Irinotecan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Isavuconazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Isavuconazole. Approved, Investigational Isavuconazonium The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Isavuconazonium. Approved, Investigational Isocarboxazid Isocarboxazid may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Isoconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Isoconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Isoetarine The therapeutic efficacy of Isoetarine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Isoflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoflurane is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Isometheptene The therapeutic efficacy of Isometheptene can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Isoniazid The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Isoniazid. Approved, Investigational Isoprenaline The therapeutic efficacy of Isoprenaline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Isosorbide Dinitrate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Isosorbide Dinitrate. Approved, Investigational Isosorbide Mononitrate The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate. Approved Isoxsuprine The therapeutic efficacy of Isoxsuprine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Isradipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Isradipine. Approved, Investigational Itraconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Itraconazole. Approved, Investigational Ivabradine The serum concentration of Ivabradine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ivacaftor The serum concentration of Ivacaftor can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ivermectin The serum concentration of Ivermectin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Ivosidenib The serum concentration of Ivosidenib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ixabepilone The metabolism of Ixabepilone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ixazomib The metabolism of Ixazomib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ketamine The metabolism of Ketamine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Ketazolam The serum concentration of Ketazolam can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ketobemidone The metabolism of Ketobemidone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ketoconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ketoconazole. Approved, Investigational Labetalol Labetalol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Lacidipine Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Lacidipine. Approved, Investigational Lacosamide Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Lacosamide. Approved Lactitol The therapeutic efficacy of Lactitol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Lactulose The therapeutic efficacy of Lactulose can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Lamivudine The serum concentration of Lamivudine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lamotrigine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lamotrigine. Approved, Investigational Lanatoside C Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Lanatoside C. Experimental Landiolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Landiolol. Investigational Laniquidar The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Laniquidar. Investigational Lanreotide Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Lanreotide. Approved Lansoprazole The serum concentration of Lansoprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lapatinib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Lapatinib. Approved, Investigational Laquinimod The metabolism of Laquinimod can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Ledipasvir The serum concentration of Ledipasvir can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Lenalidomide The serum concentration of Lenalidomide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Lenvatinib The serum concentration of Lenvatinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lercanidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lercanidipine. Approved, Investigational Letermovir The serum concentration of Letermovir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Letrozole The metabolism of Letrozole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Leuprolide The metabolism of Leuprolide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levetiracetam The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Levetiracetam. Approved, Investigational Levobetaxolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Levobetaxolol. Approved, Investigational Levobunolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Levobunolol. Approved Levobupivacaine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levobupivacaine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levocetirizine The metabolism of Levocetirizine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Levodopa Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Levodopa. Approved Levofloxacin The serum concentration of Levofloxacin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levomethadyl Acetate The metabolism of Levomethadyl Acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levomilnacipran The serum concentration of Levomilnacipran can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levonorgestrel The metabolism of Levonorgestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levosalbutamol The therapeutic efficacy of Levosalbutamol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levosimendan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levosimendan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Levothyroxine The metabolism of Levothyroxine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lidocaine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Lidocaine. Approved, Vet Approved Lidoflazine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lidoflazine. Experimental Linaclotide The therapeutic efficacy of Linaclotide can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Linagliptin The serum concentration of Linagliptin can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Linezolid Linezolid may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Liothyronine The metabolism of Liothyronine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Liotrix The metabolism of Liotrix can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lisinopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lisinopril. Approved, Investigational Lisuride The metabolism of Lisuride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lithium cation Verapamil may increase the neurotoxic activities of Lithium cation. Experimental Lobeglitazone The metabolism of Lobeglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lofexidine The therapeutic efficacy of Lofexidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lomerizine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lomerizine. Experimental Lomitapide The serum concentration of Lomitapide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lonafarnib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Lonafarnib. Investigational Loperamide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Loperamide. Approved Lopinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Lopinavir. Approved Loratadine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Loratadine. Approved, Investigational Lorcaserin The metabolism of Lorcaserin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lorpiprazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Lorpiprazole. Approved Losartan The serum concentration of Losartan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Loteprednol The metabolism of Loteprednol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lovastatin The risk or severity of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Lovastatin. Approved, Investigational Loxapine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Loxapine. Approved Lubiprostone The therapeutic efficacy of Lubiprostone can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lucinactant Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Lucinactant. Approved, Investigational Luliconazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Luliconazole. Approved Lumacaftor The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Lumacaftor. Approved Lumefantrine The metabolism of Lumefantrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Lurasidone The serum concentration of Lurasidone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lusutrombopag The serum concentration of Lusutrombopag can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lynestrenol The metabolism of Lynestrenol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Lysergic Acid Diethylamide The metabolism of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Illicit, Investigational, Withdrawn Macimorelin The metabolism of Macimorelin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Macitentan The metabolism of Macitentan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Magnesium carbonate The therapeutic efficacy of Magnesium carbonate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Magnesium citrate The therapeutic efficacy of Magnesium citrate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Magnesium hydroxide The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium hydroxide. Approved, Investigational Magnesium oxide The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium oxide. Approved Magnesium peroxide The therapeutic efficacy of Magnesium peroxide can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Magnesium salicylate The risk or severity of hypotension and neuromuscular blockade can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium salicylate. Approved Magnesium sulfate The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Magnesium sulfate. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Manidipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Manidipine. Approved, Investigational Mannitol The therapeutic efficacy of Mannitol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Maraviroc The metabolism of Maraviroc can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mebanazine Mebanazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Mebendazole The metabolism of Mebendazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Mecamylamine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mecamylamine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Medetomidine The therapeutic efficacy of Medetomidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Medical Cannabis The metabolism of Medical Cannabis can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational Medrogestone The metabolism of Medrogestone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Medroxyprogesterone acetate The metabolism of Medroxyprogesterone acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Medrysone The metabolism of Medrysone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Mefloquine The serum concentration of Mefloquine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Megestrol acetate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Megestrol acetate. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Melengestrol The metabolism of Melengestrol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Vet Approved Meloxicam The metabolism of Meloxicam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Melphalan The serum concentration of Melphalan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Menthol The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Menthol. Approved Mephentermine The therapeutic efficacy of Mephentermine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Mepindolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Mepindolol. Experimental Meprednisone The metabolism of Meprednisone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mesalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Mesalazine. Approved Mestranol The metabolism of Mestranol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Metaraminol The therapeutic efficacy of Metaraminol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Metergoline The metabolism of Metergoline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Metformin The therapeutic efficacy of Metformin can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Methadone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Methadone. Approved Methamphetamine The therapeutic efficacy of Methamphetamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Methaqualone The metabolism of Methaqualone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Illicit, Withdrawn Methazolamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Methazolamide. Approved Methohexital Methohexital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Methotrexate The serum concentration of Methotrexate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Methotrimeprazine Methotrimeprazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Methoxamine The therapeutic efficacy of Methoxamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Methoxsalen The metabolism of Methoxsalen can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Methoxyflurane The metabolism of Methoxyflurane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Methoxyphenamine The therapeutic efficacy of Methoxyphenamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Methsuximide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Methsuximide. Approved Methyclothiazide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Methyclothiazide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Methyl cellulose The therapeutic efficacy of Methyl cellulose can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Methyl salicylate Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Methyl salicylate. Approved, Vet Approved Methyldopa The therapeutic efficacy of Methyldopa can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Methylene blue Methylene blue may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Methylergometrine The metabolism of Methylergometrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Methylphenobarbital Methylphenobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Methylprednisolone The serum concentration of Methylprednisolone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Methyltestosterone The metabolism of Methyltestosterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Methysergide The metabolism of Methysergide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Metildigoxin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Metildigoxin. Experimental Metipranolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Metipranolol. Approved Metocurine Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Metocurine. Approved Metocurine Iodide Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Metocurine Iodide. Approved, Withdrawn Metolazone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metolazone is combined with Verapamil. Approved Metoprolol The serum concentration of Metoprolol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Metronidazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Metronidazole. Approved Mexiletine The metabolism of Mexiletine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mianserin The metabolism of Mianserin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mibefradil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Mibefradil. Investigational, Withdrawn Miconazole The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Miconazole. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Midazolam The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Midazolam. Approved, Illicit Midecamycin The metabolism of Midecamycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Midodrine Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Midodrine. Approved Midostaurin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Midostaurin. Approved, Investigational Mifepristone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Mifepristone. Approved, Investigational Minaprine Minaprine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Mineral oil The therapeutic efficacy of Mineral oil can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Minoxidil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Minoxidil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mirabegron The therapeutic efficacy of Mirabegron can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Mirodenafil The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Mirodenafil is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Mirtazapine The metabolism of Mirtazapine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Mitomycin The serum concentration of Mitomycin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Mitotane The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Mitotane. Approved Mitoxantrone The serum concentration of Mitoxantrone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mivacurium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Mivacurium. Approved Moclobemide Moclobemide may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Modafinil The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Modafinil. Approved, Investigational Moexipril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Moexipril. Approved Mometasone The metabolism of Mometasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Mometasone furoate The metabolism of Mometasone furoate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Monensin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Monensin. Vet Approved Montelukast The metabolism of Montelukast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Morphine The serum concentration of Morphine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Moxidectin The serum concentration of Moxidectin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Moxonidine The therapeutic efficacy of Moxonidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Mycophenolate mofetil The serum concentration of Mycophenolate mofetil can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nabilone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nabilone is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nabiximols The metabolism of Nabiximols can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nadolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Nadolol. Approved Nafcillin The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Nafcillin. Approved, Investigational Naftopidil The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Naftopidil. Investigational Naloxegol The serum concentration of Naloxegol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Naloxone The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Naloxone. Approved, Vet Approved Naltrexone The metabolism of Naltrexone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Naphazoline The therapeutic efficacy of Naphazoline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Nateglinide The metabolism of Nateglinide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nebivolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Nebivolol. Approved, Investigational Nefazodone Nefazodone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Nelfinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Nelfinavir. Approved Neostigmine The serum concentration of Neostigmine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Neratinib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Neratinib. Approved, Investigational Nesiritide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nesiritide. Approved, Investigational Netoglitazone The metabolism of Netoglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Netupitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Netupitant. Approved, Investigational Nevirapine The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Nevirapine. Approved Nialamide Nialamide may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Nicardipine Nicardipine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nicergoline Nicergoline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nicorandil Nicorandil may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nicotine The metabolism of Nicotine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nifedipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nifedipine. Approved Nigericin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Nigericin. Experimental Niguldipine Niguldipine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Nilotinib The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Nilotinib. Approved, Investigational Niludipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Niludipine. Experimental Nilvadipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nilvadipine. Approved, Investigational Nimesulide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nimesulide. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Nimodipine The serum concentration of Nimodipine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nintedanib The serum concentration of Nintedanib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Nisoldipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nisoldipine. Approved Nitrazepam The metabolism of Nitrazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nitrendipine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nitrendipine. Approved, Investigational Nitric Oxide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitric Oxide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Nitroaspirin Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Nitroaspirin. Investigational Nitroglycerin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Nitroglycerin. Approved, Investigational Nitroprusside Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Nitroprusside. Approved, Investigational Nitrous acid The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitrous acid is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Nizatidine The serum concentration of Nizatidine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Nomegestrol The metabolism of Nomegestrol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Nomegestrol acetate The metabolism of Nomegestrol acetate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Norelgestromin The metabolism of Norelgestromin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Norepinephrine The therapeutic efficacy of Norepinephrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Norethisterone The metabolism of Norethisterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Norethynodrel The metabolism of Norethynodrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Norfenefrine The therapeutic efficacy of Norfenefrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Norgestimate The metabolism of Norgestimate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Norgestrel The metabolism of Norgestrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Norgestrienone The metabolism of Norgestrienone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Nortriptyline Nortriptyline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Nylidrin The therapeutic efficacy of Nylidrin can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Obinutuzumab The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Obinutuzumab is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Octamoxin Octamoxin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Octopamine The therapeutic efficacy of Octopamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Octreotide The serum concentration of Octreotide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Odanacatib The serum concentration of Odanacatib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Olanzapine Olanzapine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Olaparib The serum concentration of Olaparib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Oleandrin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Oleandrin. Experimental, Investigational Olmesartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Olmesartan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Olodaterol The therapeutic efficacy of Olodaterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Olopatadine The metabolism of Olopatadine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Olsalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Olsalazine. Approved Ombitasvir The serum concentration of Ombitasvir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Omeprazole The serum concentration of Omeprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Omoconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Omoconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Ondansetron The serum concentration of Ondansetron can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved ONT-093 The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with ONT-093. Investigational Opium The metabolism of Opium can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Orciprenaline The therapeutic efficacy of Orciprenaline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Orphenadrine The metabolism of Orphenadrine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ospemifene The metabolism of Ospemifene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Otilonium The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Otilonium. Experimental, Investigational Ouabain Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Ouabain. Approved Oxazepam The metabolism of Oxazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Oxiconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Oxiconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Oxprenolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Oxprenolol. Approved Oxybutynin The metabolism of Oxybutynin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Oxycodone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Oxycodone. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Oxyfedrine The therapeutic efficacy of Oxyfedrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Oxymetazoline The therapeutic efficacy of Oxymetazoline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Oxymorphone The metabolism of Oxymorphone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Oxyphenisatin The therapeutic efficacy of Oxyphenisatin can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational, Withdrawn Paclitaxel The serum concentration of Paclitaxel can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Palbociclib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Palbociclib. Approved, Investigational Paliperidone The serum concentration of Paliperidone can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Palonosetron The metabolism of Palonosetron can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pancuronium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Pancuronium. Approved Panobinostat The serum concentration of Panobinostat can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pantoprazole The serum concentration of Pantoprazole can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Papaverine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Papaverine. Approved, Investigational Paramethadione The metabolism of Paramethadione can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Paramethasone The metabolism of Paramethasone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Parecoxib The metabolism of Parecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pargyline Pargyline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Paricalcitol The metabolism of Paricalcitol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Paritaprevir The serum concentration of Paritaprevir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Paroxetine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Paroxetine. Approved, Investigational Pasireotide Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Pasireotide. Approved Patent Blue The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Patent Blue. Approved Pazopanib The serum concentration of Pazopanib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Peginterferon alfa-2b The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b. Approved Penbutolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Penbutolol. Approved, Investigational Penfluridol The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Penfluridol. Experimental Pentaerithrityl The therapeutic efficacy of Pentaerithrityl can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Pentamidine The metabolism of Pentamidine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pentazocine The serum concentration of Pentazocine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Pentobarbital Pentobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Pentoxifylline The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Pentoxifylline is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Perampanel The metabolism of Perampanel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pergolide The metabolism of Pergolide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Perhexiline The metabolism of Perhexiline can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Perindopril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Perindopril. Approved Permethrin The metabolism of Permethrin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Perospirone The metabolism of Perospirone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Perphenazine The metabolism of Perphenazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Peruvoside Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Peruvoside. Experimental Pethidine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Pethidine. Approved PF-00610355 The therapeutic efficacy of PF-00610355 can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Phenacetin The metabolism of Phenacetin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Withdrawn Phendimetrazine The therapeutic efficacy of Phendimetrazine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Phenelzine Phenelzine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Pheniprazine Pheniprazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Phenobarbital Phenobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Phenolphthalein The therapeutic efficacy of Phenolphthalein can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Phenothiazine The serum concentration of Phenothiazine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Vet Approved Phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Phenoxypropazine Phenoxypropazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Phenprocoumon The metabolism of Phenprocoumon can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Phentolamine Phentolamine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Phenyl aminosalicylate Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Phenyl aminosalicylate. Approved Phenylephrine The therapeutic efficacy of Phenylephrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Phenylpropanolamine The therapeutic efficacy of Phenylpropanolamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Phenytoin The serum concentration of Phenytoin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Pibrentasvir The serum concentration of Pibrentasvir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Picosulfuric acid The therapeutic efficacy of Picosulfuric acid can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Pilocarpine The metabolism of Pilocarpine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pimecrolimus The metabolism of Pimecrolimus can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pimozide The serum concentration of Pimozide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Pinacidil The metabolism of Pinacidil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pinaverium The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Pinaverium. Approved Pindolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Pindolol. Approved, Investigational Pioglitazone The metabolism of Pioglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pipamperone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pipamperone is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pipecuronium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Pipecuronium. Approved Piperaquine The metabolism of Piperaquine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pipotiazine The metabolism of Pipotiazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pirbuterol The therapeutic efficacy of Pirbuterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Pirlindole Pirlindole may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Pitavastatin The serum concentration of Pitavastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Pitolisant The serum concentration of Pitolisant can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Pivhydrazine Pivhydrazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Pizotifen Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Pizotifen. Approved Plantago seed The therapeutic efficacy of Plantago seed can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Plecanatide The therapeutic efficacy of Plecanatide can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Podofilox The metabolism of Podofilox can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Polycarbophil The therapeutic efficacy of Polycarbophil can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Polyethylene glycol The therapeutic efficacy of Polyethylene glycol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Pomalidomide The serum concentration of Pomalidomide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ponatinib The serum concentration of Ponatinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Poractant alfa Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Poractant alfa. Approved Posaconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Posaconazole. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Potassium acetate The therapeutic efficacy of Potassium acetate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Practolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Practolol. Approved Pramipexole The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Pramipexole is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Prasterone The metabolism of Prasterone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Prasugrel The metabolism of Prasugrel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Pravastatin The serum concentration of Pravastatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Prazepam The metabolism of Prazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Praziquantel The metabolism of Praziquantel can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Prazosin Prazosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Prednicarbate The metabolism of Prednicarbate can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Prednisolone The serum concentration of Prednisolone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Prednisone The serum concentration of Prednisone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Prednylidene The metabolism of Prednylidene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Pregabalin The metabolism of Pregabalin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Pregnenolone The metabolism of Pregnenolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Experimental, Investigational Prenalterol The therapeutic efficacy of Prenalterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Prenylamine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Prenylamine. Withdrawn Primaquine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Primaquine. Approved Primidone Primidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Procaterol The therapeutic efficacy of Procaterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Prochlorperazine The metabolism of Prochlorperazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Progesterone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Progesterone. Approved, Vet Approved Proguanil The metabolism of Proguanil can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Promazine Promazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Promegestone The metabolism of Promegestone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Promethazine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Promethazine. Approved, Investigational Propafenone The serum concentration of Propafenone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Propericiazine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Propericiazine. Approved, Investigational Propiomazine Propiomazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Propiverine Verapamil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Propiverine. Approved, Investigational Propofol The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Propofol. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Propranolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Propranolol. Approved, Investigational Proscillaridin Verapamil may increase the atrioventricular blocking (AV block) activities of Proscillaridin. Experimental Protokylol The therapeutic efficacy of Protokylol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Protriptyline The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Protriptyline. Approved Prucalopride The serum concentration of Prucalopride can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Pseudoephedrine The therapeutic efficacy of Pseudoephedrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Pyrazinamide The metabolism of Pyrazinamide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Quazepam The metabolism of Quazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit Quercetin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Quercetin. Experimental, Investigational Quetiapine Quetiapine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Quinacrine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Quinacrine. Approved, Investigational Quinapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Quinapril. Approved, Investigational Quingestanol The metabolism of Quingestanol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Quinidine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Quinidine is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Quinine The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Quinine. Approved Rabeprazole The metabolism of Rabeprazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Racepinephrine The therapeutic efficacy of Racepinephrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Ractopamine The therapeutic efficacy of Ractopamine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Raloxifene The metabolism of Raloxifene can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ramelteon The metabolism of Ramelteon can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ramipril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ramipril is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ranitidine The serum concentration of Ranitidine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ranolazine The serum concentration of Ranolazine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rapacuronium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Rapacuronium. Withdrawn Rasagiline Rasagiline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Ravuconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Ravuconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Reboxetine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Reboxetine. Approved, Investigational Regorafenib Regorafenib may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved Remifentanil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Remifentanil is combined with Verapamil. Approved Repaglinide The metabolism of Repaglinide can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Reproterol The therapeutic efficacy of Reproterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Reserpine The serum concentration of Reserpine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Retapamulin The metabolism of Retapamulin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Reversin 121 The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Reversin 121. Experimental Rhodamine 6G The serum concentration of Rhodamine 6G can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Rifabutin The metabolism of Rifabutin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rifampicin The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rifampicin. Approved Rifamycin The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rifamycin. Investigational Rifapentine The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rifapentine. Approved, Investigational Rifaximin The serum concentration of Rifaximin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rilmenidine The therapeutic efficacy of Rilmenidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rimexolone The metabolism of Verapamil can be increased when combined with Rimexolone. Approved Rimiterol The therapeutic efficacy of Rimiterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Rimonabant The metabolism of Rimonabant can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Riociguat The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Riociguat. Approved Risperidone The serum concentration of Risperidone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ritobegron The therapeutic efficacy of Ritobegron can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Ritodrine The therapeutic efficacy of Ritodrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ritonavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Ritonavir. Approved, Investigational Rivaroxaban The serum concentration of Rivaroxaban can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Rivastigmine Verapamil may increase the bradycardic activities of Rivastigmine. Approved, Investigational Rivoglitazone The metabolism of Rivoglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental, Investigational Rocuronium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Rocuronium. Approved Rofecoxib The metabolism of Rofecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Rolapitant The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Rolapitant. Approved, Investigational Romidepsin The serum concentration of Romidepsin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Romifidine The therapeutic efficacy of Romifidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Ropinirole The therapeutic efficacy of Ropinirole can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ropivacaine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ropivacaine is combined with Verapamil. Approved Rosiglitazone The metabolism of Rosiglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rosuvastatin The metabolism of Rosuvastatin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Rotigotine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rotigotine is combined with Verapamil. Approved Roxithromycin The metabolism of Roxithromycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Rucaparib The serum concentration of Rucaparib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Rupatadine The metabolism of Rupatadine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Ruxolitinib Ruxolitinib may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved Sacubitril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sacubitril is combined with Verapamil. Approved Safinamide Safinamide may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Safrazine Safrazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Withdrawn Salbutamol The therapeutic efficacy of Salbutamol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Salicylic acid Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Salicylic acid. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Salinomycin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Salinomycin. Vet Approved Salmeterol The serum concentration of Salmeterol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Saquinavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Saquinavir. Approved, Investigational Sarilumab The therapeutic efficacy of Verapamil can be decreased when used in combination with Sarilumab. Approved, Investigational Saxagliptin The serum concentration of Saxagliptin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Secobarbital Secobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Selegiline Selegiline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Seletracetam The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Seletracetam. Investigational Selexipag The serum concentration of Selexipag can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Sennosides The therapeutic efficacy of Sennosides can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Seratrodast The metabolism of Seratrodast can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sertaconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Sertaconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sertindole The metabolism of Sertindole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Sertraline The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Sertraline. Approved Sevoflurane The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sevoflurane is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Sibutramine The metabolism of Sibutramine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Withdrawn Sildenafil The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Sildenafil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Silodosin The serum concentration of Silodosin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Siltuximab The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Siltuximab. Approved, Investigational Simeprevir The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Simeprevir. Approved Simvastatin The risk or severity of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Simvastatin. Approved Sirolimus The serum concentration of Sirolimus can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sitagliptin The serum concentration of Sitagliptin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sodium phosphate, monobasic The therapeutic efficacy of Sodium phosphate, monobasic can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Sodium sulfate The therapeutic efficacy of Sodium sulfate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Sodium tartrate The therapeutic efficacy of Sodium tartrate can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Sofosbuvir The serum concentration of Sofosbuvir can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Solabegron The therapeutic efficacy of Solabegron can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Solifenacin The metabolism of Solifenacin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Somatostatin The serum concentration of Somatostatin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sonidegib The serum concentration of Sonidegib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sorafenib The serum concentration of Sorafenib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sorbitol The therapeutic efficacy of Sorbitol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Sotalol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Sotalol. Approved Sparfloxacin The serum concentration of Sparfloxacin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sphingosine The serum concentration of Sphingosine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Spiramycin The metabolism of Spiramycin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Spironolactone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Spironolactone is combined with Verapamil. Approved St. John's Wort The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with St. John's Wort. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Stanolone The serum concentration of Stanolone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Illicit, Investigational Stanolone acetate The serum concentration of Stanolone acetate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Staurosporine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Staurosporine. Experimental Stiripentol The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Stiripentol. Approved Streptokinase The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Streptokinase is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sufentanil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Sufentanil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sulconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Sulconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Sulfadiazine The metabolism of Sulfadiazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Sulfamethoxazole The metabolism of Sulfamethoxazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sulfasalazine Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Sulfasalazine. Approved Sulfinpyrazone The metabolism of Sulfinpyrazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Sumatriptan The serum concentration of Sumatriptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Sunitinib The serum concentration of Sunitinib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Suvorexant The serum concentration of Suvorexant can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Synephrine The therapeutic efficacy of Synephrine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A The metabolism of Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B The metabolism of Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tacrine The serum concentration of Tacrine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Investigational, Withdrawn Tacrolimus The metabolism of Tacrolimus can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tadalafil The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Tadalafil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Talinolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Talinolol. Investigational Tamoxifen The serum concentration of Tamoxifen can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Tamsulosin Tamsulosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tariquidar The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Tariquidar. Investigational Tasosartan The metabolism of Tasosartan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Taurochenodeoxycholic acid The metabolism of Taurochenodeoxycholic acid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Taurocholic Acid The serum concentration of Taurocholic Acid can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Technetium Tc-99m sestamibi The serum concentration of Technetium Tc-99m sestamibi can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tegaserod The therapeutic efficacy of Tegaserod can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Telaprevir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Telaprevir. Approved, Withdrawn Telithromycin The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Telithromycin. Approved Telmisartan The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Telmisartan. Approved, Investigational Temazepam The metabolism of Temazepam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Temsirolimus The serum concentration of Temsirolimus can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Teniposide The serum concentration of Teniposide can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Terazosin Terazosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Terbinafine The metabolism of Terbinafine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Terbutaline The therapeutic efficacy of Terbutaline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Terconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Terconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Terfenadine The serum concentration of Terfenadine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Terguride The metabolism of Terguride can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Experimental Teriflunomide The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Teriflunomide. Approved Terodiline The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Terodiline. Experimental Tertatolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Tertatolol. Experimental Tesmilifene The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Tesmilifene. Investigational Testosterone The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Testosterone. Approved, Investigational Testosterone cypionate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Testosterone cypionate. Approved Testosterone enanthate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Testosterone enanthate. Approved Testosterone propionate The serum concentration of Testosterone propionate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Testosterone undecanoate The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Testosterone undecanoate. Approved, Investigational Tetracycline The serum concentration of Tetracycline can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Tetrahydropalmatine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tetrahydropalmatine. Investigational Tetrandrine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tetrandrine. Experimental Tetryzoline The therapeutic efficacy of Tetryzoline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Tezacaftor The metabolism of Tezacaftor can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Thalidomide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Thalidomide is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Theophylline The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Theophylline is combined with Verapamil. Approved Thiamylal Thiamylal may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Thiopental Thiopental may increase the hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Thioproperazine Thioproperazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Thioridazine The serum concentration of Thioridazine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Thiotepa The metabolism of Thiotepa can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tiagabine The metabolism of Tiagabine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tianeptine The metabolism of Tianeptine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ticagrelor The serum concentration of Ticagrelor can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Ticlopidine The metabolism of Ticlopidine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Timolol Verapamil may increase the hypotensive activities of Timolol. Approved Tinidazole The metabolism of Tinidazole can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tioconazole The therapeutic efficacy of Tioconazole can be increased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Tiotropium The metabolism of Tiotropium can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tipifarnib The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Tipifarnib. Investigational Tipranavir The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Tipranavir. Approved, Investigational Tizanidine The therapeutic efficacy of Tizanidine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tocilizumab The serum concentration of Verapamil can be decreased when it is combined with Tocilizumab. Approved Tocofersolan The metabolism of Tocofersolan can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Tocopherol The metabolism of Tocopherol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tofacitinib Tofacitinib may increase the bradycardic activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tolazoline Tolazoline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Tolcapone The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tolcapone is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Withdrawn Tolfenamic Acid The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tolfenamic Acid. Approved, Investigational Toloxatone Toloxatone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Tolterodine The metabolism of Tolterodine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tolvaptan The serum concentration of Tolvaptan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Topiramate The serum concentration of Topiramate can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Topotecan The serum concentration of Topotecan can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Torasemide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Torasemide is combined with Verapamil. Approved Toremifene The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Toremifene. Approved, Investigational Trabectedin The metabolism of Trabectedin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tramadol The metabolism of Tramadol can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trandolapril The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Trandolapril is combined with Verapamil. Approved Tranilast The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Tranilast. Approved, Investigational Tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trastuzumab emtansine The serum concentration of Trastuzumab emtansine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trazodone Trazodone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Tretinoin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Tretinoin is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Tretoquinol The therapeutic efficacy of Tretoquinol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Triamcinolone The metabolism of Triamcinolone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Vet Approved Triamterene The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Triamterene is combined with Verapamil. Approved Triazolam The metabolism of Triazolam can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Trifluoperazine Trifluoperazine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Triflupromazine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Triflupromazine. Approved, Vet Approved Trilostane The metabolism of Trilostane can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved, Withdrawn Trimazosin Trimazosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Experimental Trimebutine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Trimebutine. Approved Trimethadione The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Trimethadione. Approved Trimethoprim The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Trimethoprim. Approved, Vet Approved Trimipramine Trimipramine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Troglitazone The metabolism of Troglitazone can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational, Withdrawn Trolamine salicylate Verapamil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Trolamine salicylate. Approved Troleandomycin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Troleandomycin. Approved Tubocurarine Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Tubocurarine. Approved Tulobuterol The therapeutic efficacy of Tulobuterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Investigational Ubidecarenone The serum concentration of Ubidecarenone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Udenafil The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Udenafil is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Ulipristal The serum concentration of Ulipristal can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Umeclidinium The serum concentration of Umeclidinium can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Urapidil Urapidil may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Investigational Valbenazine The metabolism of Valbenazine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Valdecoxib The metabolism of Valdecoxib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Valinomycin The serum concentration of Valinomycin can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Experimental Valproic Acid The metabolism of Valproic Acid can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Valsartan The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valsartan is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Valspodar The serum concentration of Valspodar can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Investigational Vandetanib The metabolism of Vandetanib can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Vanoxerine The metabolism of Vanoxerine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Vardenafil The risk or severity of hypotension, dyspepsia, and headache can be increased when Vardenafil is combined with Verapamil. Approved Vecuronium Verapamil may increase the neuromuscular blocking activities of Vecuronium. Approved Velpatasvir The serum concentration of Velpatasvir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vemurafenib The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Vemurafenib is combined with Verapamil. Approved Venetoclax The serum concentration of Venetoclax can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Venlafaxine The serum concentration of Venlafaxine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Vicriviroc The metabolism of Vicriviroc can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Investigational Vilanterol The therapeutic efficacy of Vilanterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved Vilazodone The serum concentration of Vilazodone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Vinblastine The serum concentration of Vinblastine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Vincristine The serum concentration of Vincristine can be decreased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vindesine The serum concentration of Vindesine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vinflunine The serum concentration of Vinflunine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vinorelbine The serum concentration of Vinorelbine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Vinpocetine The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Vinpocetine. Investigational Vismodegib The serum concentration of Vismodegib can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Voacamine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Voacamine. Approved, Investigational Vorapaxar The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Vorapaxar. Approved Voriconazole The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Voriconazole. Approved, Investigational Vortioxetine The metabolism of Vortioxetine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Voxilaprevir The serum concentration of Voxilaprevir can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Warfarin The metabolism of Warfarin can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved WIN 55212-2 The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with WIN 55212-2. Experimental Xamoterol The therapeutic efficacy of Xamoterol can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Experimental Xylazine The therapeutic efficacy of Xylazine can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Vet Approved Xylometazoline The therapeutic efficacy of Xylometazoline can be decreased when used in combination with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Yohimbine The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Yohimbine. Approved, Investigational, Vet Approved Zafirlukast The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Zafirlukast. Approved, Investigational Zalcitabine The metabolism of Zalcitabine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational Zaleplon The metabolism of Zaleplon can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Illicit, Investigational Ziconotide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Ziconotide. Approved Zidovudine The serum concentration of Zidovudine can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Zileuton The metabolism of Zileuton can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Ziprasidone Ziprasidone may increase the orthostatic hypotensive, hypotensive, and antihypertensive activities of Verapamil. Approved Zolpidem The metabolism of Zolpidem can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved Zomepirac The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Zomepirac. Withdrawn Zonisamide The risk or severity of hypotension can be increased when Verapamil is combined with Zonisamide. Approved, Investigational Zopiclone The serum concentration of Zopiclone can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved Zosuquidar The serum concentration of Verapamil can be increased when it is combined with Zosuquidar. Investigational Zotepine The metabolism of Zotepine can be decreased when combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Zucapsaicin The metabolism of Verapamil can be decreased when combined with Zucapsaicin. Approved, Investigational Zuclopenthixol The serum concentration of Zuclopenthixol can be increased when it is combined with Verapamil. Approved, Investigational - Food Interactions
- Avoid alcohol.
- Avoid excessive quantities of coffee or tea (Caffeine).
- Avoid natural licorice.
- Avoid taking with grapefruit juice.
- Take with food.
References
- Synthesis Reference
Philippe Baudier, Arthur De Boeck, Jacques Fossion, "Novel galenic forms of verapamil, their preparation and medicines containing said novel galenic forms." U.S. Patent US4859469, issued April, 1987.
US4859469- General References
- Bellamy WT: P-glycoproteins and multidrug resistance. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1996;36:161-83. [PubMed:8725386]
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- Verapamil
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- C08DA51 — Verapamil, combinations
- C08DA — Phenylalkylamine derivatives
- C08D — SELECTIVE CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS WITH DIRECT CARDIAC EFFECTS
- C08 — CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
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- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 80 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 180 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 180 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 240 mg/1 Tablet Oral 120 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 120 mg Tablet, extended release Oral 240 mg Tablet, extended release Oral Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Capsule, extended release Oral 120 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 180 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 240 mg/1 Injection Intravenous 2.5 mg/mL Injection, solution Intravenous 2.5 mg/mL Tablet Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet Oral 240 mg/1 Tablet Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet Oral 80 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 240 mg/301 Tablet, film coated Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 80 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 120 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 180 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 240 mg/1 Liquid Intravenous 2.5 mg Solution Intravenous 2.5 mg Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 120 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 180 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 240 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 360 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 120 mg Capsule, extended release Oral 180 mg Capsule, extended release Oral 240 mg Capsule, extended release Oral 100 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 200 mg/1 Capsule, extended release Oral 300 mg/1 - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Verelan 360 mg 24 Hour Capsule 6.82USD capsule Verelan 360 mg cap pellet 6.73USD pellet Verelan pm 300 mg cap pellet 5.87USD pellet Verelan 240 mg 24 Hour Capsule 4.76USD capsule Verelan 240 mg cap pellet 4.58USD pellet Verelan 180 mg 24 Hour Capsule 4.22USD capsule Verelan 180 mg cap pellet 4.06USD pellet Verelan pm 200 mg cap pellet 4.04USD pellet Verelan 120 mg cap pellet 3.87USD pellet Verapamil HCl CR 300 mg 24 Hour Capsule 3.82USD capsule Isoptin sr 240 mg tablet 3.32USD tablet Verapamil hcl powder 3.24USD g Calan SR 240 mg Controlled Release Tabs 3.15USD tab Isoptin SR 240 mg Controlled Release Tabs 3.14USD tab Verelan pm 100 mg cap pellet 3.13USD pellet Calan sr 240 mg caplet 3.09USD caplet Covera-HS 240 mg 24 Hour tablet 3.09USD tablet Covera-hs 240 mg tablet sa 2.97USD tablet Isoptin sr 180 mg tablet 2.9USD tablet Calan SR 180 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.8USD tab Isoptin SR 180 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.74USD tab Calan sr 180 mg caplet 2.7USD caplet Verapamil HCl CR 200 mg 24 Hour Capsule 2.62USD capsule Isoptin sr 120 mg tablet 2.29USD tablet Calan SR 120 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.27USD tab Covera-HS 180 mg 24 Hour tablet 2.2USD tablet Isoptin SR 120 mg Controlled Release Tabs 2.16USD tab Calan sr 120 mg caplet 2.13USD caplet Covera-hs 180 mg tablet sa 2.11USD tablet Verapamil HCl CR 360 mg 24 Hour Capsule 2.1USD capsule Verapamil HCl CR 100 mg 24 Hour Capsule 2.04USD capsule Isoptin Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 2.03USD tablet Calan sr 240 mg caplet sa 1.77USD caplet Verapamil HCl CR 240 mg 24 Hour Capsule 1.69USD capsule Verapamil HCl CR 240 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.6USD tab Calan 120 mg tablet 1.56USD tablet Isoptin Sr 180 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 1.52USD tablet Verapamil HCl CR 180 mg 24 Hour Capsule 1.5USD capsule Calan sr 180 mg caplet sa 1.46USD caplet Verapamil HCl CR 120 mg 24 Hour Capsule 1.43USD capsule Verapamil HCl CR 180 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.41USD tab Isoptin Sr 120 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 1.34USD tablet Calan 80 mg tablet 1.25USD tablet Verapamil 2.5 mg/ml vial 1.18USD ml Verapamil HCl CR 120 mg Controlled Release Tabs 1.12USD tab Apo-Verap Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Novo-Veramil Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Pms-Verapamil Sr 240 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.91USD tablet Calan 40 mg tablet 0.76USD tablet Apo-Verap Sr 120 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.72USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil Sr 120 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.72USD tablet Verapamil HCl 120 mg tablet 0.71USD tablet Apo-Verap Sr 180 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.69USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil Sr 180 mg Sustained-Release Tablet 0.69USD tablet Verapamil HCl 80 mg tablet 0.56USD tablet Apo-Verap 120 mg Tablet 0.45USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil 120 mg Tablet 0.45USD tablet Nu-Verap 120 mg Tablet 0.45USD tablet Verapamil 120 mg tablet 0.39USD tablet Verapamil 80 mg tablet 0.31USD tablet Verapamil HCl 40 mg tablet 0.29USD tablet Apo-Verap 80 mg Tablet 0.29USD tablet Mylan-Verapamil 80 mg Tablet 0.29USD tablet Nu-Verap 80 mg Tablet 0.29USD tablet Verapamil 40 mg tablet 0.28USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) US5785994 No 1992-10-22 2009-10-22 US US6096339 No 1997-04-04 2017-04-04 US
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) < 25 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 243-246 °C at 1.00E-02 mm Hg PhysProp water solubility 4.47 mg/L Not Available logP 3.79 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) Caco2 permeability -4.58 ADME Research, USCD pKa 8.92 SANGSTER (1994) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.00394 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 5.23 ALOGPS logP 5.04 ChemAxon logS -5.1 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.68 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 6 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 63.95 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 13 ChemAxon Refractivity 132.65 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 51.7 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 2 ChemAxon Bioavailability 0 ChemAxon Rule of Five No ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9371 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.6323 Caco-2 permeable + 0.738 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.7874 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.9056 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Inhibitor 0.855 Renal organic cation transporter Inhibitor 0.6259 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8029 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8706 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.7657 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9553 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9026 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.796 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9181 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.8393 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.6463 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 1.0 Rat acute toxicity 3.4137 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.7687 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.8188
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylbutylamines. These are compounds containing a phenylbutylamine moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the fourth carbon by an butan-1-amine.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Phenylbutylamines
- Direct Parent
- Phenylbutylamines
- Alternative Parents
- Dimethoxybenzenes / Phenylpropanes / Phenethylamines / Phenoxy compounds / Anisoles / Aralkylamines / Alkyl aryl ethers / Trialkylamines / Nitriles / Organopnictogen compounds show 1 more
- Substituents
- Phenylbutylamine / Dimethoxybenzene / O-dimethoxybenzene / Phenethylamine / Phenylpropane / Anisole / Phenol ether / Phenoxy compound / Methoxybenzene / Alkyl aryl ether show 14 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- tertiary amino compound, aromatic ether, nitrile, polyether (CHEBI:77733)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1C
- Uniprot ID
- Q13936
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C
- Molecular Weight
- 248974.1 Da
References
- Dilmac N, Hilliard N, Hockerman GH: Molecular determinants of frequency dependence and Ca2+ potentiation of verapamil block in the pore region of Cav1.2. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Nov;66(5):1236-47. Epub 2004 Jul 30. [PubMed:15286207]
- Morel N, Buryi V, Feron O, Gomez JP, Christen MO, Godfraind T: The action of calcium channel blockers on recombinant L-type calcium channel alpha1-subunits. Br J Pharmacol. 1998 Nov;125(5):1005-12. [PubMed:9846638]
- Patel MK, Clunn GF, Lymn JS, Austin O, Hughes AD: Effect of serum withdrawal on the contribution of L-type calcium channels (CaV1.2) to intracellular Ca2+ responses and chemotaxis in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 Jul;145(6):811-7. [PubMed:15880143]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved sa node cell action potential
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1D
- Uniprot ID
- Q01668
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D
- Molecular Weight
- 245138.75 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1F
- Uniprot ID
- O60840
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F
- Molecular Weight
- 220675.9 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1S
- Uniprot ID
- Q13698
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S
- Molecular Weight
- 212348.1 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB1
- Uniprot ID
- Q02641
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1
- Molecular Weight
- 65712.995 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB2
- Uniprot ID
- Q08289
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2
- Molecular Weight
- 73579.925 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB3
- Uniprot ID
- P54284
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3
- Molecular Weight
- 54531.425 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
- Gene Name
- CACNB4
- Uniprot ID
- O00305
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4
- Molecular Weight
- 58168.625 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1I
- Uniprot ID
- Q9P0X4
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I
- Molecular Weight
- 245100.8 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Scaffold protein binding
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1G
- Uniprot ID
- O43497
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G
- Molecular Weight
- 262468.62 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Freeze BS, McNulty MM, Hanck DA: State-dependent verapamil block of the cloned human Ca(v)3.1 T-type Ca(2+) channel. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Aug;70(2):718-26. Epub 2006 May 12. [PubMed:16699084]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1B
- Uniprot ID
- Q00975
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B
- Molecular Weight
- 262493.84 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
- Specific Function
- Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
- Gene Name
- CACNA1A
- Uniprot ID
- O00555
- Uniprot Name
- Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A
- Molecular Weight
- 282362.39 Da
References
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization
- Specific Function
- Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. Mediates the rapidly activating component of the ...
- Gene Name
- KCNH2
- Uniprot ID
- Q12809
- Uniprot Name
- Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 126653.52 Da
References
- Duan JJ, Ma JH, Zhang PH, Wang XP, Zou AR, Tu DN: Verapamil blocks HERG channel by the helix residue Y652 and F656 in the S6 transmembrane domain. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2007 Jul;28(7):959-67. [PubMed:17588331]
- Cheng HC, Incardona J, McCullough B: Isolated perfused and paced guinea pig heart to test for drug-induced changes of the QT interval. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2006 Nov-Dec;54(3):278-87. Epub 2006 Feb 28. [PubMed:16507347]
- Schneider J, Hauser R, Andreas JO, Linz K, Jahnel U: Differential effects of human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) blocking agents on QT duration variability in conscious dogs. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 4;512(1):53-60. [PubMed:15814090]
- Ridley JM, Dooley PC, Milnes JT, Witchel HJ, Hancox JC: Lidoflazine is a high affinity blocker of the HERG K(+)channel. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004 May;36(5):701-5. [PubMed:15135665]
- Shimizu W, Aiba T, Antzelevitch C: Specific therapy based on the genotype and cellular mechanism in inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(12):1561-72. [PubMed:15892662]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Other
- General Function
- Voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in sa node cell action potential
- Specific Function
- This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the pr...
- Gene Name
- SCN5A
- Uniprot ID
- Q14524
- Uniprot Name
- Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha
- Molecular Weight
- 226937.475 Da
References
- Milberg P, Reinsch N, Osada N, Wasmer K, Monnig G, Stypmann J, Breithardt G, Haverkamp W, Eckardt L: Verapamil prevents torsade de pointes by reduction of transmural dispersion of repolarization and suppression of early afterdepolarizations in an intact heart model of LQT3. Basic Res Cardiol. 2005 Jul;100(4):365-71. Epub 2005 Jun 10. [PubMed:15944809]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Voltage-gated potassium channel activity
- Specific Function
- This receptor is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage ...
- Gene Name
- KCNJ11
- Uniprot ID
- Q14654
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11
- Molecular Weight
- 43540.375 Da
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352]
- Yamada S, Kane GC, Behfar A, Liu XK, Dyer RB, Faustino RS, Miki T, Seino S, Terzic A: Protection conferred by myocardial ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pressure overload-induced congestive heart failure revealed in KCNJ11 Kir6.2-null mutant. J Physiol. 2006 Dec 15;577(Pt 3):1053-65. Epub 2006 Oct 12. [PubMed:17038430]
- Shigeto M, Katsura M, Matsuda M, Ohkuma S, Kaku K: Nateglinide and mitiglinide, but not sulfonylureas, induce insulin secretion through a mechanism mediated by calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jul;322(1):1-7. Epub 2007 Apr 4. [PubMed:17409272]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Other/unknown
- General Function
- Serotonin:sodium symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into t...
- Gene Name
- SLC6A4
- Uniprot ID
- P31645
- Uniprot Name
- Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter
- Molecular Weight
- 70324.165 Da
References
- Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [PubMed:9537821]
- Brown NL, Sirugue O, Worcel M: The effects of some slow channel blocking drugs on high affinity serotonin uptake by rat brain synaptosomes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1986 Apr 9;123(1):161-5. [PubMed:2940099]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- Curator comments
- Inhibits receptor activity but shows little competition for binding. Likely an allosteric modulator.
- General Function
- Protein heterodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
- Gene Name
- ADRA1A
- Uniprot ID
- P35348
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 51486.005 Da
References
- Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G: Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors. Circulation. 1998 Apr 7;97(13):1227-30. [PubMed:9570190]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- Curator comments
- Inhibits receptor activity but shows little competition for binding. Likely an allosteric modulator.
- General Function
- Protein heterodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
- Gene Name
- ADRA1B
- Uniprot ID
- P35368
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 56835.375 Da
References
- Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G: Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors. Circulation. 1998 Apr 7;97(13):1227-30. [PubMed:9570190]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- Curator comments
- Inhibits receptor activity but shows little competition for binding. Likely an allosteric modulator.
- General Function
- Alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity
- Specific Function
- This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its effect through the influx of extracellular calcium.
- Gene Name
- ADRA1D
- Uniprot ID
- P25100
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 60462.205 Da
References
- Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G: Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors. Circulation. 1998 Apr 7;97(13):1227-30. [PubMed:9570190]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Ekins S, Bravi G, Wikel JH, Wrighton SA: Three-dimensional-quantitative structure activity relationship analysis of cytochrome P-450 3A4 substrates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Oct;291(1):424-33. [PubMed:10490933]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID
- P20815
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A5
- Molecular Weight
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Flockhart Table - Indiana University [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A7
- Uniprot ID
- P24462
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A7
- Molecular Weight
- 57525.03 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Flockhart Table - Indiana University [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C18
- Uniprot ID
- P33260
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C18
- Molecular Weight
- 55710.075 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID
- P20813
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2B6
- Molecular Weight
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitorInducer
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Perloff MD, von Moltke LL, Fahey JM, Daily JP, Greenblatt DJ: Induction of P-glycoprotein expression by HIV protease inhibitors in cell culture. AIDS. 2000 Jun 16;14(9):1287-9. [PubMed:10894301]
- Romiti N, Tramonti G, Chieli E: Influence of different chemicals on MDR-1 P-glycoprotein expression and activity in the HK-2 proximal tubular cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002 Sep 1;183(2):83-91. [PubMed:12387747]
- Choo EF, Leake B, Wandel C, Imamura H, Wood AJ, Wilkinson GR, Kim RB: Pharmacological inhibition of P-glycoprotein transport enhances the distribution of HIV-1 protease inhibitors into brain and testes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Jun;28(6):655-60. [PubMed:10820137]
- Kawahara I, Kato Y, Suzuki H, Achira M, Ito K, Crespi CL, Sugiyama Y: Selective inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A4 by N-[2(R)-hydroxy-1(S)-indanyl]-5-[2(S)-(1, 1-dimethylethylaminocarbonyl)-4-[(furo[2, 3-b]pyridin-5-yl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4(S)-hydroxy-2(R)-phenylmethy lpentanamide and P-glycoprotein by valspodar in gene transfectant systems. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Oct;28(10):1238-43. [PubMed:10997946]
- Fujita R, Ishikawa M, Takayanagi M, Takayanagi Y, Sasaki K: Enhancement of doxorubicin activity in multidrug-resistant cells by mefloquine. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jun;22(5):281-4. [PubMed:11031728]
- Gao J, Murase O, Schowen RL, Aube J, Borchardt RT: A functional assay for quantitation of the apparent affinities of ligands of P-glycoprotein in Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res. 2001 Feb;18(2):171-6. [PubMed:11405287]
- Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Active transport of fluorescent P-glycoprotein substrates: evaluation as markers and interaction with inhibitors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Nov 30;289(2):580-5. [PubMed:11716514]
- Leonessa F, Kim JH, Ghiorghis A, Kulawiec RJ, Hammer C, Talebian A, Clarke R: C-7 analogues of progesterone as potent inhibitors of the P-glycoprotein efflux pump. J Med Chem. 2002 Jan 17;45(2):390-8. [PubMed:11784143]
- Tang F, Horie K, Borchardt RT: Are MDCK cells transfected with the human MDR1 gene a good model of the human intestinal mucosa? Pharm Res. 2002 Jun;19(6):765-72. [PubMed:12134945]
- Zhang S, Morris ME: Effects of the flavonoids biochanin A, morin, phloretin, and silymarin on P-glycoprotein-mediated transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Mar;304(3):1258-67. [PubMed:12604704]
- Horie K, Tang F, Borchardt RT: Isolation and characterization of Caco-2 subclones expressing high levels of multidrug resistance protein efflux transporter. Pharm Res. 2003 Feb;20(2):161-8. [PubMed:12636153]
- Schwab D, Fischer H, Tabatabaei A, Poli S, Huwyler J: Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery. J Med Chem. 2003 Apr 24;46(9):1716-25. [PubMed:12699389]
- van der Sandt IC, Blom-Roosemalen MC, de Boer AG, Breimer DD: Specificity of doxorubicin versus rhodamine-123 in assessing P-glycoprotein functionality in the LLC-PK1, LLC-PK1:MDR1 and Caco-2 cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000 Sep;11(3):207-14. [PubMed:11042226]
- Ibrahim S, Peggins J, Knapton A, Licht T, Aszalos A: Influence of antipsychotic, antiemetic, and Ca(2+) channel blocker drugs on the cellular accumulation of the anticancer drug daunorubicin: P-glycoprotein modulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Dec;295(3):1276-83. [PubMed:11082465]
- Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Evaluation of the interaction of loratadine and desloratadine with P-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Aug;29(8):1080-3. [PubMed:11454724]
- Weiss J, Dormann SM, Martin-Facklam M, Kerpen CJ, Ketabi-Kiyanvash N, Haefeli WE: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by newer antidepressants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Apr;305(1):197-204. [PubMed:12649369]
- Wils P, Phung-Ba V, Warnery A, Lechardeur D, Raeissi S, Hidalgo IJ, Scherman D: Polarized transport of docetaxel and vinblastine mediated by P-glycoprotein in human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Oct 7;48(7):1528-30. [PubMed:7945455]
- Hait WN, Gesmonde JF, Murren JR, Yang JM, Chen HX, Reiss M: Terfenadine (Seldane): a new drug for restoring sensitivity to multidrug resistant cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jan 26;45(2):401-6. [PubMed:8094615]
- Pouliot JF, L'Heureux F, Liu Z, Prichard RK, Georges E: Reversal of P-glycoprotein-associated multidrug resistance by ivermectin. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Jan 10;53(1):17-25. [PubMed:8960059]
- Kuhnel JM, Perrot JY, Faussat AM, Marie JP, Schwaller MA: Functional assay of multidrug resistant cells using JC-1, a carbocyanine fluorescent probe. Leukemia. 1997 Jul;11(7):1147-55. [PubMed:9205004]
- Kim AE, Dintaman JM, Waddell DS, Silverman JA: Saquinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor, is transported by P-glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Sep;286(3):1439-45. [PubMed:9732409]
- Bebawy M, Morris MB, Roufogalis BD: A continuous fluorescence assay for the study of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux using inside-out membrane vesicles. Anal Biochem. 1999 Mar 15;268(2):270-7. [PubMed:10075817]
- Golstein PE, Boom A, van Geffel J, Jacobs P, Masereel B, Beauwens R: P-glycoprotein inhibition by glibenclamide and related compounds. Pflugers Arch. 1999 Apr;437(5):652-60. [PubMed:10087141]
- Jonsson O, Behnam-Motlagh P, Persson M, Henriksson R, Grankvist K: Increase in doxorubicin cytotoxicity by carvedilol inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Dec 1;58(11):1801-6. [PubMed:10571255]
- Eagling VA, Profit L, Back DJ: Inhibition of the CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor saquinavir by grapefruit juice components. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;48(4):543-52. [PubMed:10583025]
- Choi CH, Kim JH, Kim SH: Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR by 5,7,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone and SAR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Jul 30;320(3):672-9. [PubMed:15240100]
- Honda Y, Ushigome F, Koyabu N, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Effects of grapefruit juice and orange juice components on P-glycoprotein- and MRP2-mediated drug efflux. Br J Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;143(7):856-64. Epub 2004 Oct 25. [PubMed:15504753]
- Hu K, Morris ME: Effects of benzyl-, phenethyl-, and alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanates on P-glycoprotein- and MRP1-mediated transport. J Pharm Sci. 2004 Jul;93(7):1901-11. [PubMed:15176077]
- Lee BH, Lee CO, Kwon MJ, Yi KY, Yoo SE, Choi SU: Differential effects of the optical isomers of KR30031 on cardiotoxicity and on multidrug resistance reversal activity. Anticancer Drugs. 2003 Feb;14(2):175-81. [PubMed:12569305]
- Nagy H, Goda K, Fenyvesi F, Bacso Z, Szilasi M, Kappelmayer J, Lustyik G, Cianfriglia M, Szabo G Jr: Distinct groups of multidrug resistance modulating agents are distinguished by competition of P-glycoprotein-specific antibodies. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Mar 19;315(4):942-9. [PubMed:14985103]
- Petri N, Tannergren C, Rungstad D, Lennernas H: Transport characteristics of fexofenadine in the Caco-2 cell model. Pharm Res. 2004 Aug;21(8):1398-404. [PubMed:15359574]
- Baltes S, Gastens AM, Fedrowitz M, Potschka H, Kaever V, Loscher W: Differences in the transport of the antiepileptic drugs phenytoin, levetiracetam and carbamazepine by human and mouse P-glycoprotein. Neuropharmacology. 2007 Feb;52(2):333-46. Epub 2006 Oct 10. [PubMed:17045309]
- Santoni-Rugiu E, Silverman JA: Functional characterization of the rat mdr1b encoded P-glycoprotein: not all inducing agents are substrates. Carcinogenesis. 1997 Nov;18(11):2255-63. [PubMed:9395229]
- Sieczkowski E, Lehner C, Ambros PF, Hohenegger M: Double impact on p-glycoprotein by statins enhances doxorubicin cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2010 May 1;126(9):2025-35. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24885. [PubMed:19739078]
- Chiu LY, Ko JL, Lee YJ, Yang TY, Tee YT, Sheu GT: L-type calcium channel blockers reverse docetaxel and vincristine-induced multidrug resistance independent of ABCB1 expression in human lung cancer cell lines. Toxicol Lett. 2010 Feb 15;192(3):408-18. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.11.018. Epub 2009 Nov 26. [PubMed:19944135]
- Karlsson JE, Heddle C, Rozkov A, Rotticci-Mulder J, Tuvesson O, Hilgendorf C, Andersson TB: High-activity p-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance protein 2, and breast cancer resistance protein membrane vesicles prepared from transiently transfected human embryonic kidney 293-epstein-barr virus nuclear antigen cells. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Apr;38(4):705-14. doi: 10.1124/dmd.109.028886. Epub 2010 Jan 13. [PubMed:20071452]
- Jutabha P, Wempe MF, Anzai N, Otomo J, Kadota T, Endou H: Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human P-glycoprotein: probing trans- and cis-inhibitory effects on [3H]vinblastine and [3H]digoxin efflux. Pharmacol Res. 2010 Jan;61(1):76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.07.002. Epub 2009 Jul 21. [PubMed:19631272]
- Kugawa F, Suzuki T, Miyata M, Tomono K, Tamanoi F: Construction of a model cell line for the assay of MDR1 (multi drug resistance gene-1) substrates/inhibitors using HeLa cells. Pharmazie. 2009 May;64(5):296-300. [PubMed:19530439]
- Dahan A, Amidon GL: Small intestinal efflux mediated by MRP2 and BCRP shifts sulfasalazine intestinal permeability from high to low, enabling its colonic targeting. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G371-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00102.2009. Epub 2009 Jun 18. [PubMed:19541926]
- Noguchi K, Kawahara H, Kaji A, Katayama K, Mitsuhashi J, Sugimoto Y: Substrate-dependent bidirectional modulation of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance by erlotinib. Cancer Sci. 2009 Sep;100(9):1701-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01213.x. Epub 2009 May 12. [PubMed:19493273]
- Dahan A, Sabit H, Amidon GL: The H2 receptor antagonist nizatidine is a P-glycoprotein substrate: characterization of its intestinal epithelial cell efflux transport. AAPS J. 2009 Jun;11(2):205-13. doi: 10.1208/s12248-009-9092-5. Epub 2009 Mar 25. [PubMed:19319690]
- Pauli-Magnus C, von Richter O, Burk O, Ziegler A, Mettang T, Eichelbaum M, Fromm MF: Characterization of the major metabolites of verapamil as substrates and inhibitors of P-glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):376-82. [PubMed:10773005]
- Polli JW, Wring SA, Humphreys JE, Huang L, Morgan JB, Webster LO, Serabjit-Singh CS: Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Nov;299(2):620-8. [PubMed:11602674]
- Adachi Y, Suzuki H, Sugiyama Y: Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8. [PubMed:11785684]
- Troutman MD, Thakker DR: Novel experimental parameters to quantify the modulation of absorptive and secretory transport of compounds by P-glycoprotein in cell culture models of intestinal epithelium. Pharm Res. 2003 Aug;20(8):1210-24. [PubMed:12948019]
- Faassen F, Vogel G, Spanings H, Vromans H: Caco-2 permeability, P-glycoprotein transport ratios and brain penetration of heterocyclic drugs. Int J Pharm. 2003 Sep 16;263(1-2):113-22. [PubMed:12954186]
- Dagenais C, Graff CL, Pollack GM: Variable modulation of opioid brain uptake by P-glycoprotein in mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 15;67(2):269-76. [PubMed:14698039]
- Borgnia MJ, Eytan GD, Assaraf YG: Competition of hydrophobic peptides, cytotoxic drugs, and chemosensitizers on a common P-glycoprotein pharmacophore as revealed by its ATPase activity. J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 9;271(6):3163-71. [PubMed:8621716]
- Collett A, Tanianis-Hughes J, Hallifax D, Warhurst G: Predicting P-glycoprotein effects on oral absorption: correlation of transport in Caco-2 with drug pharmacokinetics in wild-type and mdr1a(-/-) mice in vivo. Pharm Res. 2004 May;21(5):819-26. [PubMed:15180340]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, Tfelt-Hansen J: Verapamil for cluster headache. Clinical pharmacology and possible mode of action. Headache. 2009 Jan;49(1):117-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01298.x. [PubMed:19125880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnico...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A1
- Uniprot ID
- O15245
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 61153.345 Da
References
- Zhang L, Dresser MJ, Gray AT, Yost SC, Terashita S, Giacomini KM: Cloning and functional expression of a human liver organic cation transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;51(6):913-21. [PubMed:9187257]
- Zhang L, Schaner ME, Giacomini KM: Functional characterization of an organic cation transporter (hOCT1) in a transiently transfected human cell line (HeLa). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Jul;286(1):354-61. [PubMed:9655880]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- May act as an inducible transporter in the biliary and intestinal excretion of organic anions. Acts as an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocyte...
- Gene Name
- ABCC3
- Uniprot ID
- O15438
- Uniprot Name
- Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2
- Molecular Weight
- 169341.14 Da
References
- Zeng H, Chen ZS, Belinsky MG, Rea PA, Kruh GD: Transport of methotrexate (MTX) and folates by multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 3 and MRP1: effect of polyglutamylation on MTX transport. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7225-32. [PubMed:11585759]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
- Specific Function
- May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification.
- Gene Name
- ABCC4
- Uniprot ID
- O15439
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
- Molecular Weight
- 149525.33 Da
References
- Chen ZS, Lee K, Walther S, Raftogianis RB, Kuwano M, Zeng H, Kruh GD: Analysis of methotrexate and folate transport by multidrug resistance protein 4 (ABCC4): MRP4 is a component of the methotrexate efflux system. Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 1;62(11):3144-50. [PubMed:12036927]
- Bai J, Lai L, Yeo HC, Goh BC, Tan TM: Multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) mediates efflux of bimane-glutathione. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Feb;36(2):247-57. [PubMed:14643890]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A5
- Uniprot ID
- O76082
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 5
- Molecular Weight
- 62751.08 Da
References
- Ohashi R, Tamai I, Yabuuchi H, Nezu JI, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84. [PubMed:10525100]
- Ohashi R, Tamai I, Nezu Ji J, Nikaido H, Hashimoto N, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Molecular and physiological evidence for multifunctionality of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN2. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;59(2):358-66. [PubMed:11160873]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
- Gene Name
- ABCC1
- Uniprot ID
- P33527
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 171589.5 Da
References
- Lespine A, Dupuy J, Orlowski S, Nagy T, Glavinas H, Krajcsi P, Alvinerie M: Interaction of ivermectin with multidrug resistance proteins (MRP1, 2 and 3). Chem Biol Interact. 2006 Feb 25;159(3):169-79. Epub 2005 Dec 27. [PubMed:16384552]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibit...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P46721
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 74144.105 Da
References
- Cvetkovic M, Leake B, Fromm MF, Wilkinson GR, Kim RB: OATP and P-glycoprotein transporters mediate the cellular uptake and excretion of fexofenadine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Aug;27(8):866-71. [PubMed:10421612]
- Shitara Y, Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Kato Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Itoh T, Sugiyama Y: Comparative inhibitory effects of different compounds on rat oatpl (slc21a1)- and Oatp2 (Slc21a5)-mediated transport. Pharm Res. 2002 Feb;19(2):147-53. [PubMed:11883641]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
- Specific Function
- ATP-dependent transporter probably involved in cellular detoxification through lipophilic anion extrusion.
- Gene Name
- ABCC10
- Uniprot ID
- Q5T3U5
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7
- Molecular Weight
- 161627.375 Da
References
- Chen ZS, Hopper-Borge E, Belinsky MG, Shchaveleva I, Kotova E, Kruh GD: Characterization of the transport properties of human multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7, ABCC10). Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;63(2):351-8. [PubMed:12527806]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter.
- Gene Name
- ABCC2
- Uniprot ID
- Q92887
- Uniprot Name
- Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
- Molecular Weight
- 174205.64 Da
References
- Tang F, Horie K, Borchardt RT: Are MDCK cells transfected with the human MRP2 gene a good model of the human intestinal mucosa? Pharm Res. 2002 Jun;19(6):773-9. [PubMed:12134946]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, low affinity carnitine transporter. Probably transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A4
- Uniprot ID
- Q9H015
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 4
- Molecular Weight
- 62154.48 Da
References
- Yabuuchi H, Tamai I, Nezu J, Sakamoto K, Oku A, Shimane M, Sai Y, Tsuji A: Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 May;289(2):768-73. [PubMed:10215651]
- Wu X, George RL, Huang W, Wang H, Conway SJ, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V: Structural and functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of rat OCTN1, an organic cation transporter, cloned from placenta. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jun 1;1466(1-2):315-27. [PubMed:10825452]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- High-capacity urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. Plays a role in porphyrin homeostasis as it is able to mediates the export of protoporhyrin IX (PPIX) both fro...
- Gene Name
- ABCG2
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UNQ0
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 72313.47 Da
References
- Ozvegy-Laczka C, Hegedus T, Varady G, Ujhelly O, Schuetz JD, Varadi A, Keri G, Orfi L, Nemet K, Sarkadi B: High-affinity interaction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with the ABCG2 multidrug transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Jun;65(6):1485-95. [PubMed:15155841]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostagland...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1B1
- Uniprot ID
- Q9Y6L6
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
- Molecular Weight
- 76447.99 Da
References
- Oostendorp RL, van de Steeg E, van der Kruijssen CM, Beijnen JH, Kenworthy KE, Schinkel AH, Schellens JH: Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 mediates transport of Gimatecan and BNP1350 and can be inhibited by several classic ATP-binding cassette (ABC) B1 and/or ABCG2 inhibitors. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Apr;37(4):917-23. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.024901. Epub 2009 Jan 12. [PubMed:19139163]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Human
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
- Gene Name
- ABCB11
- Uniprot ID
- O95342
- Uniprot Name
- Bile salt export pump
- Molecular Weight
- 146405.83 Da
References
- Wilson A. (2016). New horizons in predictive drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. The Royal Society of Chemistry. [ISBN:978-1-84973-828-6]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on August 15, 2018 09:43