Calcium citrate

Identification

Summary

Calcium citrate is an ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins.

Brand Names
Citranatal B-calm Kit, Citranatal Harmony
Generic Name
Calcium citrate
DrugBank Accession Number
DB11093
Background

Calcium citrate is a salt typically used as a source of calcium in a variety of over the counter supplements.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 498.432
Monoisotopic: 497.8948277
Chemical Formula
C12H10Ca3O14
Synonyms
  • tricalcium citrate
External IDs
  • E-333(III)
  • INS NO.333(III)
  • INS-333(III)

Pharmacology

Indication

For use as an over the counter calcium supplement.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to treatCalcium deficiencyCombination Product in combination with: Cholecalciferol (DB00169)••••••••••••••••••• ••• ••••••••
Used in combination to preventCalcium deficiencyCombination Product in combination with: Cholecalciferol (DB00169), Folic acid (DB00158)•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••
Used in combination to treatCalcium deficiencyCombination Product in combination with: Folic acid (DB00158), Cholecalciferol (DB00169)•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••
Used in combination to treatCalcium deficiencyCombination Product in combination with: Cholecalciferol (DB00169)••• •••••••••• ••••••
Used in combination to treatDeficiency, vitamin dCombination Product in combination with: Cholecalciferol (DB00169)••••••••••••••••••• ••• ••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Increases plasma calcium levels leading to a decrease in calcium flux and increase in calcium deposition into bone 3

Mechanism of action

Calcium citrate increases plasma calcium levels. This reduces calcium flux from osteocyte activity by reducing the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) 3. Calcium does this by stimulating a G-protein coupled calcium receptor on the surface of parathyroid cells. The reduction in calcium flux increases the amount of calcium deposited in bone resulting in an increase in bone mineral density. The reduction in PTH secretion also reduces the amount of vitamin D metabolized to its active form, calcidiol. Since calcidiol increases the expression of calcium dependent ATPases and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 (TRPV6) both of which are involved in calcium uptake from the gut, a reduction in calcidiol results in less calcium absorption. Additionally, TRPV5, the channel responsible for calcium reabsorption in the kidney, is downregulated when PTH secretion is reduced thus increasing calcium excretion via the kidneys. Another hormone, calitonin, is likely involved in the reduction of bone resorption during periods of high plasma calcium.

TargetActionsOrganism
AExtracellular calcium-sensing receptor
agonist
Humans
NCalreticulin
ligand
Humans
UCalcium and integrin-binding protein 1
ligand
Humans
UProgrammed cell death protein 6
agonist
Humans
USorcin
ligand
Humans
UCalcineurin B homologous protein 1
agonist
Humans
NSPARC
ligand
Humans
NCalnexin
ligand
Humans
NFibrillin-2
ligand
Humans
NProtein S100-B
ligand
Humans
NCalsequestrin-2
ligand
Humans
NRegucalcin
ligand
Humans
NPeflin
ligand
Humans
UProtein S100-A6
ligand
Humans
NTranslationally-controlled tumor protein
ligand
Humans
UCalcium and integrin-binding family member 2
ligand
Humans
NProtein S100-A13
ligand
Humans
NCalsequestrin-1
ligand
Humans
UNucleobindin-1
ligand
Humans
UNucleobindin-2
ligand
Humans
UCalmodulin
agonist
Humans
UFibrillin-3
ligand
Humans
UGrancalcin
ligand
Humans
UCalcium-dependent secretion activator 1
agonist
Humans
UCalmodulin-2
agonist
Humans
UCalmodulin-3
agonist
Humans
UProtein S100-A16
ligand
Humans
UCalretinin
ligand
Humans
UCalcyphosin
ligand
Humans
UCalcium-dependent secretion activator 2
agonist
Humans
UCalreticulin-3
ligand
Humans
UNeurexin-1
agonist
Humans
UNeuronal calcium sensor 1
ligand
Humans
Absorption

The percentage of calcium absorbed varies inversely with intake 1. Tmax of about 3.5-5h varying with formulation 2.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

About 46.4% of calcium is bound to plasma proteins 3.

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Cleared via the kidneys but largely reabsorbed (98-99%) under normal conditions 3.

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Patients taking more than 4g of calcium a day are at risk of hypercalcemia and metabolic alkalosis 4. Chronic intake of calcium supplements is associated with adverse gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation and flatulence 4 1.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AcebutololThe therapeutic efficacy of Acebutolol can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium citrate.
AcetyldigitoxinCalcium citrate may increase the arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic activities of Acetyldigitoxin.
Alendronic acidThe serum concentration of Alendronic acid can be decreased when it is combined with Calcium citrate.
AlfacalcidolThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alfacalcidol is combined with Calcium citrate.
AtenololThe therapeutic efficacy of Atenolol can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium citrate.
Food Interactions
  • Take with or without food.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Calcium citrate malate4BBS3A53GJ142606-53-9YQUQVRHWPYWQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-F
Calcium citrate tetrahydrateMLM29U2X855785-44-4LNIZKKFWMDARJV-UHFFFAOYSA-H
Active Moieties
NameKindUNIICASInChI Key
CalciumunknownSY7Q814VUP7440-70-2OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Calcium cationionic2M83C4R6ZB14127-61-8BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Product Images
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Bakanasan Calcium Citrate PowderPowder63.4 mg / gOralRheingold Food International Ltd.1995-12-311999-08-03Canada flag
Bodysmarts With CalciumTablet30 mgOralCadbury Adams Canada Inc.2001-02-192005-07-28Canada flag
Cal-citrusTablet200 mgOralSterimax Inc1996-09-102006-10-20Canada flag
Calcium 350 Mg (calcium Citrate) - CapletTablet350 mgOralVita Health Products Inc1996-10-112007-07-30Canada flag
Calcium 350 Mg (calcium Citrate) CapletTablet350 mgOralPurity Life Health Products A Division Of Sunopta Inc.2002-06-012008-07-07Canada flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Cal-mag (one To One) With Potass & ZincCalcium citrate (250 mg / tab) + Magnesium oxide (250 mg / tab) + Potassium citrate (20 mg / tab) + Zinc citrate (5 mg / tab)TabletOralGahler Enterprises Ltd.1988-12-311999-01-27Canada flag
Cal-mag Complete With Zinc, C and DCalcium citrate (250 mg) + Ascorbic acid (150 mg) + Cholecalciferol (100 unit) + Magnesium oxide (250 mg) + Zinc citrate (10 mg)TabletOralQuest Vitamins A Div Of Purity Life Health Products1992-12-312009-07-14Canada flag
Cal-mag With Vitamin DCalcium citrate (100 mg) + Magnesium oxide (50 mg) + Vitamin D (70 unit)TabletOralAlbi Imports Ltd.1990-12-312005-09-20Canada flag
CALCIBON D SOYA FORTE TABLETASCalcium citrate tetrahydrate (950 mg) + Cholecalciferol (400 IU) + Magnesium oxide (50 mg) + Soy isoflavones (50 mg)TabletOralALTEA FARMACEUTICA S.A.2012-10-12Not applicableColombia flag
CALCIBON D® 315 MGCalcium citrate tetrahydrate (315 mg) + Cholecalciferol (200 IU)Tablet, coatedOral2006-11-10Not applicableColombia flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
CitraNatal 90 DHACalcium citrate tetrahydrate (160 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (120 mg/1) + Cupric oxide (2 mg/1) + Docusate sodium (50 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Iron (90 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (20 mg/1) + Potassium triiodide (150 ug/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (20 mg/1) + Riboprine (3.4 mg/1) + Thiamine chloride (3 mg/1) + Vitamin D (400 [iU]/1) + Zinc oxide (25 mg/1) + alpha-Tocopherol acetate (30 [iU]/1)TabletOralMission Pharmacal2010-02-01Not applicableUS flag
CitraNatal 90 DHACalcium citrate tetrahydrate (159 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (120 mg/1) + Cupric oxide (2 mg/1) + Docusate sodium (50 mg/1) + Ferrous gluconate dihydrate (5 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Iron (85 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (20 mg/1) + Potassium Iodide (150 ug/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (20 mg/1) + Riboflavin (3.4 mg/1) + Thiamine chloride (3 mg/1) + Thiamine mononitrate (4.54 mg/1) + Vitamin D (400 [iU]/1) + Zinc oxide (25 mg/1) + alpha-Tocopherol acetate (30 [iU]/1)TabletOralMission Pharmacal Company2014-04-11Not applicableUS flag
CitraNatal AssureCalcium citrate tetrahydrate (124 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (120 mg/1) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1) + Copper (2 mg/1) + Doconexent (300 mg/1) + Docusate sodium (50 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Icosapent (0.75 mg/1) + Iodine (150 ug/1) + Iron (35 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (20 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg/1) + Riboflavin (3.4 mg/1) + Thiamine chloride (3 mg/1) + Vitamin E (30 [iU]/1) + Zinc (25 mg/1)Capsule; Kit; Tablet, coatedOralMission Pharmacal Company2014-04-30Not applicableUS flag
CitraNatal AssureCalcium citrate tetrahydrate (125 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (120 mg/1) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1) + Copper (2 mg/1) + Doconexent (300 mg/1) + Docusate sodium (50 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Icosapent (0.75 mg/1) + Iodine (150 ug/1) + Iron (35 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (20 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg/1) + Riboflavin (3.4 mg/1) + Thiamine chloride (3 mg/1) + Vitamin E (30 [iU]/1) + Zinc (25 mg/1)KitOralMission Pharmacal2008-11-19Not applicableUS flag
Citranatal B-calmCalcium citrate tetrahydrate (120 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (120 mg/1) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Iron (20 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg/1)Kit; Tablet; Tablet, film coatedOralMission Pharmacal Company2012-06-18Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
A12AA13 — Calcium citrateA11GB01 — Ascorbic acid (vit c) and calcium
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tricarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are carboxylic acids containing exactly three carboxyl groups.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic acids and derivatives
Class
Carboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub Class
Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
Direct Parent
Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Tertiary alcohols / Carboxylic acid salts / Organic calcium salts / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
Substituents
Alcohol / Aliphatic acyclic compound / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid salt / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic calcium salt / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organic salt
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
86117BWO7P
CAS number
813-94-5
InChI Key
FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H
InChI
InChI=1S/2C6H8O7.3Ca/c2*7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h2*13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;;3*+2/p-6
IUPAC Name
tricalcium bis(2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate)
SMILES
[Ca++].[Ca++].[Ca++].OC(CC([O-])=O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.OC(CC([O-])=O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O

References

General References
  1. Reid IR, Bristow SM, Bolland MJ: Calcium supplements: benefits and risks. J Intern Med. 2015 Oct;278(4):354-68. doi: 10.1111/joim.12394. Epub 2015 Jul 14. [Article]
  2. Heller HJ, Stewart A, Haynes S, Pak CY: Pharmacokinetics of calcium absorption from two commercial calcium supplements. J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;39(11):1151-4. [Article]
  3. 21. (2012). In Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology (24th ed., pp. 377-385). McGraw Hill. [ISBN:978-0-07-17803-2]
  4. HSDB: Calcium Compounds [Link]
PubChem Compound
13136
PubChem Substance
347827894
ChemSpider
12584
RxNav
47613
ChEMBL
CHEMBL2106123
Wikipedia
Calcium_citrate
FDA label
Download (457 KB)
MSDS
Download (77.2 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4Active Not RecruitingTreatmentSarcoidosis / Vitamin D Insufficiency1
4CompletedTreatmentChronic Hypoparathyroidism1
4CompletedTreatmentRheumatoid Arthritis1
4Not Yet RecruitingTreatmentCalcium Carbonate Absorption / Calcium Citrate Absorption1
3CompletedTreatmentOsteoporosis1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Bar, chewableOral
PowderOral63.4 mg / g
PowderOral
TabletOral30 mg
TabletOral200 mg
TabletOral300 mg
TabletOral350 mg
SuspensionOral14.250 g
Tablet, coatedOral1500 mg
LiquidOral
Tablet, effervescentOral500 mg / evt
TabletOral
Capsule; kit; tablet, coatedOral
KitOral
Kit; tablet; tablet, film coatedOral
Capsule, gelatin coatedOral
Tablet, coatedOral
Powder, for solutionOral
Capsule, gelatin coated; kit; tabletOral
Capsule, liquid filledOral
Tablet, chewableBuccal
TabletOral250 mg
Tablet, film coatedOral
CapsuleOral
TabletOral950 mg
Tablet, film coated948 mg
Tablet, film coated950 mg
Tablet, film coated1188 mg
Tablet, coatedOral950 mg
TabletOral1188 mg
Tablet, film coated
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility4.12 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.13ALOGPS
logP-1.3Chemaxon
logS-2.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.05Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.2Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count7Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area140.62 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count10Chemaxon
Refractivity68.14 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability14.23 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
Not Available
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-156.18419
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+158.58672
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+164.95047
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.
Learn more
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
Specific Function
Senses changes in the extracellular concentration of calcium ions. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.
Gene Name
CASR
Uniprot ID
P41180
Uniprot Name
Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor
Molecular Weight
120672.385 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently wit...
Gene Name
CALR
Uniprot ID
P27797
Uniprot Name
Calreticulin
Molecular Weight
48141.2 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calreticulin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, such as cell differentiation, cell division, cell proliferation, cell migration, thrombosis, angiogenesis, cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis. Involved in bone marrow megakaryocyte differentiation by negatively regulating thrombopoietin-mediated signaling pathway. Participates in the endomitotic cell cycle of megakaryocyte, a form of mitosis in which both karyokinesis and cytokinesis are interrupted. Plays a role in integrin signaling by negatively regulating alpha-IIb/beta3 activation in thrombin-stimulated megakaryocytes preventing platelet aggregation. Up-regulates PTK2/FAK1 activity, and is also needed for the recruitment of PTK2/FAK1 to focal adhesions; it thus appears to play an important role in focal adhesion formation. Positively regulates cell migration on fibronectin in a CDC42-dependent manner, the effect being negatively regulated by PAK1. Functions as a negative regulator of stress activated MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Down-regulates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-dependent calcium signaling. Involved in sphingosine kinase SPHK1 translocation to the plasma membrane in a N-myristoylation-dependent manner preventing TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Regulates serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 activity for proper completion of cell division progression. Plays a role in microtubule (MT) dynamics during neuronal development; disrupts the MT depolymerization activity of STMN2 attenuating NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and the MT reorganization at the edge of lamellipodia. Promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via activation of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Stimulates calcineurin PPP3R1 activity by mediating its anchoring to the sarcolemma. In ischemia-induced (pathological or adaptive) angiogenesis, stimulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration and microvessel formation by activating the PAK1 and ERK1/ERK2 signaling pathway. Promotes also cancer cell survival and proliferation. May regulate cell cycle and differentiation of spermatogenic germ cells, and/or differentiation of supporting Sertoli cells.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CIB1
Uniprot ID
Q99828
Uniprot Name
Calcium and integrin-binding protein 1
Molecular Weight
21703.07 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Protein dimerization activity
Specific Function
Calcium-binding protein required for T-cell receptor-, Fas-, and glucocorticoid-induced cell death. May mediate Ca(2+)-regulated signals along the death pathway (By similarity). Calcium-dependent a...
Gene Name
PDCD6
Uniprot ID
O75340
Uniprot Name
Programmed cell death protein 6
Molecular Weight
21868.32 Da
References
  1. Uniprot: Programmed cell death protein 6 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein that modulates excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. Contributes to calcium homeostasis in the heart sarcoplasmic reticulum. Modulates the activity of RYR2 calcium channels.
Specific Function
Calcium channel regulator activity
Gene Name
SRI
Uniprot ID
P30626
Uniprot Name
Sorcin
Molecular Weight
21676.245 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Sorcin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Calcium-binding protein involved in different processes such as regulation of vesicular trafficking, plasma membrane Na(+)/H(+) exchanger and gene transcription. Involved in the constitutive exocytic membrane traffic. Mediates the association between microtubules and membrane-bound organelles of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and is also required for the targeting and fusion of transcytotic vesicles (TCV) with the plasma membrane. Functions as an integral cofactor in cell pH regulation by controlling plasma membrane-type Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity. Affects the pH sensitivity of SLC9A1/NHE1 by increasing its sensitivity at acidic pH. Required for the stabilization and localization of SLC9A1/NHE1 at the plasma membrane. Inhibits serum- and GTPase-stimulated Na(+)/H(+) exchange. Plays a role as an inhibitor of ribosomal RNA transcription by repressing the nucleolar UBF1 transcriptional activity. May sequester UBF1 in the nucleoplasm and limit its translocation to the nucleolus. Associates to the ribosomal gene promoter. Acts as a negative regulator of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Inhibits NFAT nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity by suppressing the calcium-dependent calcineurin phosphatase activity. Also negatively regulates the kinase activity of the apoptosis-induced kinase STK17B. Inhibits both STK17B auto- and substrate-phosphorylations in a calcium-dependent manner.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CHP1
Uniprot ID
Q99653
Uniprot Name
Calcineurin B homologous protein 1
Molecular Weight
22455.96 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calcineurin B homologous protein 1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Extracellular matrix binding
Specific Function
Appears to regulate cell growth through interactions with the extracellular matrix and cytokines. Binds calcium and copper, several types of collagen, albumin, thrombospondin, PDGF and cell membran...
Gene Name
SPARC
Uniprot ID
P09486
Uniprot Name
SPARC
Molecular Weight
34631.88 Da
References
  1. UniProt: SPARC [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Poly(a) rna binding
Specific Function
Calcium-binding protein that interacts with newly synthesized glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. It may act in assisting protein assembly and/or in the retention within the ER of unassembl...
Gene Name
CANX
Uniprot ID
P27824
Uniprot Name
Calnexin
Molecular Weight
67567.695 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calnexin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Fibrillin-2: Fibrillins are structural components of 10-12 nm extracellular calcium-binding microfibrils, which occur either in association with elastin or in elastin-free bundles. Fibrillin-2-containing microfibrils regulate the early process of elastic fiber assembly. Regulates osteoblast maturation by controlling TGF-beta bioavailability and calibrating TGF-beta and BMP levels, respectively.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
FBN2
Uniprot ID
P35556
Uniprot Name
Fibrillin-2
Molecular Weight
314772.155 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Fibrillin-2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer. Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonize the b...
Gene Name
S100B
Uniprot ID
P04271
Uniprot Name
Protein S100-B
Molecular Weight
10712.985 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Protein S100-B [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calsequestrin is a high-capacity, moderate affinity, calcium-binding protein and thus acts as an internal calcium store in muscle. Calcium ions are bound by clusters of acidic residues at the protein surface, especially at the interface between subunits. Can bind around 60 Ca(2+) ions. Regulates the release of lumenal Ca(2+) via the calcium release channel RYR2; this plays an important role in triggering muscle contraction. Plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart and in regulating the rate of heart beats.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CASQ2
Uniprot ID
O14958
Uniprot Name
Calsequestrin-2
Molecular Weight
46435.28 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calsequestrin-2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Gluconolactonase with low activity towards other sugar lactones, including gulonolactone and galactonolactone. Can also hydrolyze diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate and phenylacetate (in vitro). Calci...
Gene Name
RGN
Uniprot ID
Q15493
Uniprot Name
Regucalcin
Molecular Weight
33252.53 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Regucalcin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein that acts as an adapter that bridges unrelated proteins or stabilizes weak protein-protein complexes in response to calcium. Together with PDCD6, acts as calcium-dependent adapter for the BCR(KLHL12) complex, a complex involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi transport by regulating the size of COPII coats (PubMed:27716508). In response to cytosolic calcium increase, the heterodimer formed with PDCD6 interacts with, and bridges together the BCR(KLHL12) complex and SEC31 (SEC31A or SEC31B), promoting monoubiquitination of SEC31 and subsequent collagen export, which is required for neural crest specification (PubMed:27716508). Its role in the heterodimer formed with PDCD6 is however unclear: some evidences show that PEF1 and PDCD6 work together and promote association between PDCD6 and SEC31 in presence of calcium (PubMed:27716508). Other reports show that PEF1 dissociates from PDCD6 in presence of calcium, and may act as a negative regulator of PDCD6 (PubMed:11278427). Also acts as a negative regulator of ER-Golgi transport; possibly by inhibiting interaction between PDCD6 and SEC31 (By similarity).
Specific Function
Binding, bridging
Gene Name
PEF1
Uniprot ID
Q9UBV8
Uniprot Name
Peflin
Molecular Weight
30380.755 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Peflin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
May function as calcium sensor and modulator, contributing to cellular calcium signaling. May function by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and indirectly play a rol...
Gene Name
S100A6
Uniprot ID
P06703
Uniprot Name
Protein S100-A6
Molecular Weight
10179.635 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Protein S100-A6 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Involved in calcium binding and microtubule stabilization.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
TPT1
Uniprot ID
P13693
Uniprot Name
Translationally-controlled tumor protein
Molecular Weight
19595.205 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Translationally-controlled tumor protein [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein critical for proper photoreceptor cell maintenance and function. Plays a role in intracellular calcium homeostasis by decreasing ATP-induced calcium release (PubMed:23023331, PubMed:26173970, PubMed:26426422). May be involved in the mechanotransduction process (By similarity).
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CIB2
Uniprot ID
O75838
Uniprot Name
Calcium and integrin-binding family member 2
Molecular Weight
21643.38 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calcium and integrin-binding family member 2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Plays a role in the export of proteins that lack a signal peptide and are secreted by an alternative pathway. Binds two calcium ions per subunit. Binds one copper ion. Binding of one copper ion doe...
Gene Name
S100A13
Uniprot ID
Q99584
Uniprot Name
Protein S100-A13
Molecular Weight
11471.095 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Protein S100-A13 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calsequestrin is a high-capacity, moderate affinity, calcium-binding protein and thus acts as an internal calcium store in muscle. Calcium ions are bound by clusters of acidic residues at the protein surface, often at the interface between subunits. Can bind around 80 Ca(2+) ions. Regulates the release of lumenal Ca(2+) via the calcium release channel RYR1; this plays an important role in triggering muscle contraction.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CASQ1
Uniprot ID
P31415
Uniprot Name
Calsequestrin-1
Molecular Weight
45159.635 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calsequestrin-1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Major calcium-binding protein of the Golgi. May have a role in calcium homeostasis (By similarity).
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
NUCB1
Uniprot ID
Q02818
Uniprot Name
Nucleobindin-1
Molecular Weight
53878.96 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Nucleobindin-1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein. May have a role in calcium homeostasis.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
NUCB2
Uniprot ID
P80303
Uniprot Name
Nucleobindin-2
Molecular Weight
50195.385 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Nucleobindin-2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Titin binding
Specific Function
Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number...
Gene Name
CALM1
Uniprot ID
P0DP23
Uniprot Name
Calmodulin
Molecular Weight
16837.47 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calmodulin-1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Fibrillin-3: Fibrillins are structural components of 10-12 nm extracellular calcium-binding microfibrils, which occur either in association with elastin or in elastin-free bundles. Fibrillin-containing microfibrils provide long-term force bearing structural support.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
FBN3
Uniprot ID
Q75N90
Uniprot Name
Fibrillin-3
Molecular Weight
300352.86 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Fibrillin-3 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein that may play a role in the adhesion of neutrophils to fibronectin. May play a role in the formation of focal adhesions.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
GCA
Uniprot ID
P28676
Uniprot Name
Grancalcin
Molecular Weight
24009.85 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Grancalcin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Calcium-binding protein involved in exocytosis of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Probably acts upstream of fusion in the biogenesis or maintenance of mature secretory vesicles. Regulates catecholamine loading of DCVs. May specifically mediate the Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of large dense-core vesicles (DCVs) and other dense-core vesicles by acting as a PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding protein that acts at prefusion step following ATP-dependent priming and participates in DCVs-membrane fusion. However, it may also participate in small clear synaptic vesicles (SVs) exocytosis and it is unclear whether its function is related to Ca(2+) triggering (By similarity).
Specific Function
Lipid binding
Gene Name
CADPS
Uniprot ID
Q9ULU8
Uniprot Name
Calcium-dependent secretion activator 1
Molecular Weight
152785.36 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calcium-dependent secretion activator 1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis (PubMed:16760425). Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C (PubMed:26969752). Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2 (PubMed:27165696).
Specific Function
Calcium channel inhibitor activity
Gene Name
CALM2
Uniprot ID
P0DP24
Uniprot Name
Calmodulin-2
Molecular Weight
16837.47 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calmodulin-2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CALM3
Uniprot ID
P0DP25
Uniprot Name
Calmodulin-3
Molecular Weight
16837.47 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calmodulin-3 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein. Binds one calcium ion per monomer.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
S100A16
Uniprot ID
Q96FQ6
Uniprot Name
Protein S100-A16
Molecular Weight
11801.3 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Protein S100-A16 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein which is abundant in auditory neurons.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CALB2
Uniprot ID
P22676
Uniprot Name
Calretinin
Molecular Weight
31539.62 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calretinin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Calcium-binding protein. May play a role in cellular signaling events (Potential).
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CAPS
Uniprot ID
Q13938
Uniprot Name
Calcyphosin
Molecular Weight
20967.15 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calcyphosin [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Calcium-binding protein involved in exocytosis of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Probably acts upstream of fusion in the biogenesis or maintenance of mature secretory vesicles. Regulates neurotrophin release from granule cells leading to regulate cell differentiation and survival during cerebellar development. May specifically mediate the Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of large dense-core vesicles (DCVs) and other dense-core vesicles (By similarity).
Specific Function
Lipid binding
Gene Name
CADPS2
Uniprot ID
Q86UW7
Uniprot Name
Calcium-dependent secretion activator 2
Molecular Weight
147733.365 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calcium-dependent secretion activator 2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
During spermatogenesis, may act as a lectin-independent chaperone for specific client proteins such as ADAM3. Required for sperm fertility (By similarity). CALR3 capacity for calcium-binding may be absent or much lower than that of CALR.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CALR3
Uniprot ID
Q96L12
Uniprot Name
Calreticulin-3
Molecular Weight
44995.345 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Calreticulin-3 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Receptor activity
Specific Function
Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions, exocytosis of secretory granules and regulation of signal transmission. Function is isoform-specific. Alpha-type isoforms have a long N-term...
Gene Name
NRXN1
Uniprot ID
Q9ULB1
Uniprot Name
Neurexin-1
Molecular Weight
161881.53 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Neurexin-1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Neuronal calcium sensor, regulator of G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation in a calcium dependent manner. Directly regulates GRK1 (RHOK), but not GRK2 to GRK5. Can substitute for calmodulin (...
Gene Name
NCS1
Uniprot ID
P62166
Uniprot Name
Neuronal calcium sensor 1
Molecular Weight
21878.565 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Neuronal calcium sensor 1 [Link]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Buffers cytosolic calcium. May stimulate a membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase and a 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase.
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Gene Name
CALB1
Uniprot ID
P05937
Uniprot Name
Calbindin
Molecular Weight
30024.82 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Vitamin d binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
S100G
Uniprot ID
P29377
Uniprot Name
Protein S100-G
Molecular Weight
9016.14 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Function
Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
Gene Name
ALB
Uniprot ID
P02768
Uniprot Name
Serum albumin
Molecular Weight
69365.94 Da
References
  1. Barrett KE, Barman SM, Boitano S, Brooks HL (2012). Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology (24th ed.). McGraw Hill. [ISBN:978-0-07-17803-2]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Calmodulin binding
Specific Function
Calcium selective cation channel probably involved in Ca(2+) uptake in various tissues, including Ca(2+) reabsorption in intestine. The channel is activated by low internal calcium level, probably ...
Gene Name
TRPV6
Uniprot ID
Q9H1D0
Uniprot Name
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6
Molecular Weight
87284.86 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Ion channel binding
Specific Function
Mediates the exchange of one Ca(2+) ion against three to four Na(+) ions across the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to the regulation of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels and Ca(2+)-dependent cellul...
Gene Name
SLC8A1
Uniprot ID
P32418
Uniprot Name
Sodium/calcium exchanger 1
Molecular Weight
108546.06 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Constitutively active calcium selective cation channel thought to be involved in Ca(2+) reabsorption in kidney and intestine. The channel is activated by low internal calcium level and the current ...
Gene Name
TRPV5
Uniprot ID
Q9NQA5
Uniprot Name
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5
Molecular Weight
82549.89 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction following depolarization of T-tu...
Gene Name
RYR1
Uniprot ID
P21817
Uniprot Name
Ryanodine receptor 1
Molecular Weight
565170.715 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Ryanodine receptor 1 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Suramin binding
Specific Function
Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. Aberrant channel activa...
Gene Name
RYR2
Uniprot ID
Q92736
Uniprot Name
Ryanodine receptor 2
Molecular Weight
564562.71 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Ryanodine receptor 2 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Pore-forming subunit of a ciliary calcium channel that controls calcium concentration within primary cilia without affecting cytoplasmic calcium concentration. Forms a heterodimer with PKD1L1 in primary cilia and forms a calcium-permeant ciliary channel that regulates sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling and GLI2 transcription. May act as a sour taste receptor by forming a calcium channel with PKD1L3 in gustatory cells; however, its contribution to sour taste perception is unclear in vivo and may be indirect.
Specific Function
Alpha-actinin binding
Gene Name
PKD2L1
Uniprot ID
Q9P0L9
Uniprot Name
Polycystic kidney disease 2-like 1 protein
Molecular Weight
91981.23 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Polycystic kidney disease 2-like 1 protein [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity
Specific Function
Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm in muscle and thereby plays a role in triggering muscle contraction. May regulate Ca(2+) relea...
Gene Name
RYR3
Uniprot ID
Q15413
Uniprot Name
Ryanodine receptor 3
Molecular Weight
552037.115 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Ryanodine receptor 3 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Component of a calcium channel. May act as a sour taste receptor by forming a calcium channel with PKD1L3 in gustatory cells; however, its contribution to sour taste perception is unclear in vivo and may be indirect.
Specific Function
Calcium channel activity
Gene Name
PKD1L3
Uniprot ID
Q7Z443
Uniprot Name
Polycystic kidney disease protein 1-like 3
Molecular Weight
195891.885 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Polycystic kidney disease protein 1-like 3 [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in calcium-dependent physiological responses essential for successful fertilization, such as sperm hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and chemotaxis towards the oocyte.
Specific Function
Calcium activated cation channel activity
Gene Name
CATSPER1
Uniprot ID
Q8NEC5
Uniprot Name
Cation channel sperm-associated protein 1
Molecular Weight
90090.225 Da
References
  1. UniProt: Cation channel sperm-associated protein 1 [Link]
Kind
Protein group
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...

Components:
References
  1. Catterall WA: Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000;16:521-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein group
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...

Components:
References
  1. Catterall WA: Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000;16:521-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein group
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Scaffold protein binding
Specific Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...

Components:
References
  1. Catterall WA: Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000;16:521-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein group
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1E gives rise to R-type calcium currents. R-type calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group and are blocked by nickel, and partially by omega-agatoxin-IIIA (omega-Aga-IIIA). They are however insensitive to dihydropyridines (DHP), omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA), and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA). Calcium channels containing alpha-1E subunit could be involved in the modulation of firing patterns of neurons which is important for information processing.
Specific Function
Calcium channel activity

Components:
References
  1. Catterall WA: Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000;16:521-55. [Article]

Drug created at December 03, 2015 16:51 / Updated at November 25, 2020 17:37