Cytochrome P450 2C8

Details

Name
Cytochrome P450 2C8
Synonyms
  • 1.14.14.1
  • CYPIIC8
  • Cytochrome P450 form 1
  • Cytochrome P450 IIC2
  • Cytochrome P450 MP-12
  • Cytochrome P450 MP-20
  • S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase
Gene Name
CYP2C8
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0005650|Cytochrome P450 2C8
MEPFVVLVLCLSFMLLFSLWRQSCRRRKLPPGPTPLPIIGNMLQIDVKDICKSFTNFSKV
YGPVFTVYFGMNPIVVFHGYEAVKEALIDNGEEFSGRGNSPISQRITKGLGIISSNGKRW
KEIRRFSLTTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEAHCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
VVFQKRFDYKDQNFLTLMKRFNENFRILNSPWIQVCNNFPLLIDCFPGTHNKVLKNVALT
RSYIREKVKEHQASLDVNNPRDFIDCFLIKMEQEKDNQKSEFNIENLVGTVADLFVAGTE
TTSTTLRYGLLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIDHVIGRHRSPCMQDRSHMPYTDAVVHEIQRYSD
LVPTGVPHAVTTDTKFRNYLIPKGTTIMALLTSVLHDDKEFPNPNIFDPGHFLDKNGNFK
KSDYFMPFSAGKRICAGEGLARMELFLFLTTILQNFNLKSVDDLKNLNTTAVTKGIVSLP
PSYQICFIPV
Number of residues
490
Molecular Weight
55824.275
Theoretical pI
8.62
GO Classification
Functions
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity / aromatase activity / caffeine oxidase activity / heme binding / iron ion binding / monooxygenase activity / oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen / oxygen binding / steroid hydroxylase activity
Processes
arachidonic acid metabolic process / drug metabolic process / epoxygenase P450 pathway / exogenous drug catabolic process / omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway / organic acid metabolic process / oxidation-reduction process / oxidative demethylation / small molecule metabolic process / xenobiotic metabolic process
Components
cytoplasm / endoplasmic reticulum membrane / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. In the epoxidation of arachidonic acid it generates only 14,15- and 11,12-cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol).
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021338|Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)
ATGGAACCTTTTGTGGTCCTGGTGCTGTGTCTCTCTTTTATGCTTCTCTTTTCACTCTGG
AGACAGAGCTGTAGGAGAAGGAAGCTCCCTCCTGGCCCCACTCCTCTTCCTATTATTGGA
AATATGCTACAGATAGATGTTAAGGACATCTGCAAATCTTTCACCAATTTCTCAAAAGTC
TATGGTCCTGTGTTCACCGTGTATTTTGGCATGAATCCCATAGTGGTGTTTCATGGATAT
GAGGCAGTGAAGGAAGCCCTGATTGATAATGGAGAGGAGTTTTCTGGAAGAGGCAATTCC
CCAATATCTCAAAGAATTACTAAAGGACTTGGAATCATTTCCAGCAATGGAAAGAGATGG
AAGGAGATCCGGCGTTTCTCCCTCACAACCTTGCGGAATTTTGGGATGGGGAAGAGGAGC
ATTGAGGACCGTGTTCAAGAGGAAGCTCACTGCCTTGTGGAGGAGTTGAGAAAAACCAAG
GCTTCACCCTGTGATCCCACTTTCATCCTGGGCTGTGCTCCCTGCAATGTGATCTGCTCC
GTTGTTTTCCAGAAACGATTTGATTATAAAGATCAGAATTTTCTCACCCTGATGAAAAGA
TTCAATGAAAACTTCAGGATTCTGAACTCCCCATGGATCCAGGTCTGCAATAATTTCCCT
CTACTCATTGATTGTTTCCCAGGAACTCACAACAAAGTGCTTAAAAATGTTGCTCTTACA
CGAAGTTACATTAGGGAGAAAGTAAAAGAACACCAAGCATCACTGGATGTTAACAATCCT
CGGGACTTTATCGATTGCTTCCTGATCAAAATGGAGCAGGAAAAGGACAACCAAAAGTCA
GAATTCAATATTGAAAACTTGGTTGGCACTGTAGCTGATCTATTTGTTGCTGGAACAGAG
ACAACAAGCACCACTCTGAGATATGGACTCCTGCTCCTGCTGAAGCACCCAGAGGTCACA
GCTAAAGTCCAGGAAGAGATTGATCATGTAATTGGCAGACACAGGAGCCCCTGCATGCAG
GATAGGAGCCACATGCCTTACACTGATGCTGTAGTGCACGAGATCCAGAGATACAGTGAC
CTTGTCCCCACCGGTGTGCCCCATGCAGTGACCACTGATACTAAGTTCAGAAACTACCTC
ATCCCCAAGGGCACAACCATAATGGCATTACTGACTTCCGTGCTACATGATGACAAAGAA
TTTCCTAATCCAAATATCTTTGACCCTGGCCACTTTCTAGATAAGAATGGCAACTTTAAG
AAAAGTGACTACTTCATGCCTTTCTCAGCAGGAAAACGAATTTGTGCAGGAGAAGGACTT
GCCCGCATGGAGCTATTTTTATTTCTAACCACAATTTTACAGAACTTTAACCTGAAATCT
GTTGATGATTTAAAGAACCTCAATACTACTGCAGTTACCAAAGGGATTGTTTCTCTGCCA
CCCTCATACCAGATCTGCTTCATCCCTGTCTGA
Chromosome Location
10
Locus
10q23.33
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP10632
UniProtKB Entry NameCP2C8_HUMAN
GenBank Gene IDM17397
GenAtlas IDCYP2C8
HGNC IDHGNC:2622
General References
  1. Okino ST, Quattrochi LC, Pendurthi UR, McBride OW, Tukey RH: Characterization of multiple human cytochrome P-450 1 cDNAs. The chromosomal localization of the gene and evidence for alternate RNA splicing. J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 25;262(33):16072-9. [Article]
  2. Kimura S, Pastewka J, Gelboin HV, Gonzalez FJ: cDNA and amino acid sequences of two members of the human P450IIC gene subfamily. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 10;15(23):10053-4. [Article]
  3. Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA: Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily. Biochemistry. 1991 Apr 2;30(13):3247-55. [Article]
  4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
  5. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [Article]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  7. Ged C, Beaune P: Isolation of the human cytochrome P-450 IIC8 gene: multiple glucocorticoid responsive elements in the 5' region. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Mar 26;1088(3):433-5. [Article]
  8. Zeldin DC, DuBois RN, Falck JR, Capdevila JH: Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of an endogenous human cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid epoxygenase isoform. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Sep 10;322(1):76-86. [Article]
  9. Ged C, Umbenhauer DR, Bellew TM, Bork RW, Srivastava PK, Shinriki N, Lloyd RS, Guengerich FP: Characterization of cDNAs, mRNAs, and proteins related to human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 (S)-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):6929-40. [Article]
  10. Shephard EA, Phillips IR, Santisteban I, Palmer CN, Povey S: Cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a member of the human cytochrome P450IIC gene sub-family. Ann Hum Genet. 1989 Jan;53(Pt 1):23-31. [Article]
  11. Kolyada AY: Sequence of a human liver cytochrome P-450 cDNA clone. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Sep 25;18(18):5550. [Article]
  12. Ishikawa C, Ozaki H, Nakajima T, Ishii T, Kanai S, Anjo S, Shirai K, Inoue I: A frameshift variant of CYP2C8 was identified in a patient who suffered from rhabdomyolysis after administration of cerivastatin. J Hum Genet. 2004;49(10):582-5. Epub 2004 Sep 9. [Article]
  13. Bian Y, Song C, Cheng K, Dong M, Wang F, Huang J, Sun D, Wang L, Ye M, Zou H: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J Proteomics. 2014 Jan 16;96:253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Nov 22. [Article]
  14. Schoch GA, Yano JK, Wester MR, Griffin KJ, Stout CD, Johnson EF: Structure of human microsomal cytochrome P450 2C8. Evidence for a peripheral fatty acid binding site. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 5;279(10):9497-503. Epub 2003 Dec 15. [Article]
  15. Schoch GA, Yano JK, Sansen S, Dansette PM, Stout CD, Johnson EF: Determinants of cytochrome P450 2C8 substrate binding: structures of complexes with montelukast, troglitazone, felodipine, and 9-cis-retinoic acid. J Biol Chem. 2008 Jun 20;283(25):17227-37. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M802180200. Epub 2008 Apr 15. [Article]
  16. Dai D, Zeldin DC, Blaisdell JA, Chanas B, Coulter SJ, Ghanayem BI, Goldstein JA: Polymorphisms in human CYP2C8 decrease metabolism of the anticancer drug paclitaxel and arachidonic acid. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Oct;11(7):597-607. [Article]
  17. Bahadur N, Leathart JB, Mutch E, Steimel-Crespi D, Dunn SA, Gilissen R, Houdt JV, Hendrickx J, Mannens G, Bohets H, Williams FM, Armstrong M, Crespi CL, Daly AK: CYP2C8 polymorphisms in Caucasians and their relationship with paclitaxel 6alpha-hydroxylase activity in human liver microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 Dec 1;64(11):1579-89. [Article]
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Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB03796Palmitic AcidapprovedunknownDetails
DB00214TorasemideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00252Phenytoinapproved, vet_approvednosubstrateinducerDetails
DB00412Rosiglitazoneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00439Cerivastatinapproved, withdrawnunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00564Carbamazepineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB00682WarfarinapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00755Tretinoinapproved, investigational, nutraceuticalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00912Repaglinideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01118Amiodaroneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB01132Pioglitazoneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01198ZopicloneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01229Paclitaxelapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01261Sitagliptinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01259Lapatinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00227Lovastatinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00440Trimethoprimapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00471MontelukastapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00549Zafirlukastapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00586Diclofenacapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00613Amodiaquineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00622Nicardipineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00641SimvastatinapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01026Ketoconazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01045RifampicinapprovedunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB01124Tolbutamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01241GemfibrozilapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01424Aminophenazoneapproved, withdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01095FluvastatinapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01023Felodipineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00197Troglitazoneapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00796Candesartan cilexetilapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00257Clotrimazoleapproved, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00764MometasoneexperimentalnoinhibitorDetails
DB00938SalmeterolapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00481Raloxifeneapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01039FenofibrateapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00503Ritonavirapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB00451LevothyroxineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00675TamoxifenapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00455Loratadineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB04216Quercetinexperimental, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB01062Oxybutyninapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00603Medroxyprogesterone acetateapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00977EthinylestradiolapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00421SpironolactoneapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01029Irbesartanapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01181IfosfamideapprovedunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB01115NifedipineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00468QuinineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01435Antipyrineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00250Dapsoneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00946Phenprocoumonapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00857Terbinafineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00972AzelastineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00398Sorafenibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01174Phenobarbitalapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB01201Rifapentineapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB00418Secobarbitalapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB06210EltrombopagapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB04868Nilotinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB00661VerapamilapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01050IbuprofenapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00788Naproxenapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00921Buprenorphineapproved, illicit, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00333MethadoneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00201CaffeineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB04725LicofeloneinvestigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06739SeratrodastexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00402Eszopicloneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08607(5R)-5-(4-{[(2R)-6-HYDROXY-2,5,7,8-TETRAMETHYL-3,4-DIHYDRO-2H-CHROMEN-2-YL]METHOXY}BENZYL)-1,3-THIAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB06772CabazitaxelapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01583LiotrixapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00321AmitriptylineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00381AmlodipineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01076AtorvastatinapprovednosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01393Bezafibrateapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00608Chloroquineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00501Cimetidineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00604Cisaprideapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00758ClopidogrelapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB00363ClozapineapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB00907Cocaineapproved, illicitunknowndownregulatorDetails
DB01394ColchicineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00169Cholecalciferolapproved, nutraceuticalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00531Cyclophosphamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB01234Dexamethasoneapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB00829Diazepamapproved, illicit, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00343Diltiazemapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01184Domperidoneapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00783Estradiolapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00544FluorouracilapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01218HalofantrineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00741Hydrocortisoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB00951Isoniazidapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01221Ketamineapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06738KetobemidoneinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01009Ketoprofenapproved, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00448Lansoprazoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00281Lidocaineapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00784Mefenamic acidapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00814Meloxicamapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00532Mephenytoinapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00916MetronidazoleapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00295Morphineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB00184NicotineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06712Nilvadipineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00338Omeprazoleapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00850PerphenazineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00780PhenelzineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00554Piroxicamapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01032Probenecidapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB00818Propofolapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00205Pyrimethamineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00533Rofecoxibapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01232Saquinavirapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01037Selegilineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00359Sulfadiazineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06729SulfaphenazoleapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01138SulfinpyrazoneapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00799Tazaroteneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01079Tegaserodapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00342Terfenadineapproved, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00624Testosteroneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00208TiclopidineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00897Triazolamapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00347TrimethadioneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13179TroleandomycinapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00530Erlotinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00617ParamethadioneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06589PazopanibapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00255Diethylstilbestrolapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00836LoperamideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00918Almotriptanapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB05229BeraprostinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06510MuraglitazarinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06770Benzyl alcoholapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08860PitavastatinapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB05812AbirateroneapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB06605ApixabanapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08828Vismodegibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08896RegorafenibapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08899EnzalutamideapprovednosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB08901Ponatinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08911TrametinibapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08912Dabrafenibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00688Mycophenolate mofetilapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08918Levomilnacipranapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00951Isoniazidapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB09080OlodaterolapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB09054IdelalisibapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB09068Vortioxetineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB09280LumacaftorapprovednoinhibitorinducerDetails
DB09570Ixazomibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11362SelexipagapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB08931RiociguatapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB09183DasabuvirapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB09296Ombitasvirapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB00482Celecoxibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00625Efavirenzapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01129Rabeprazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08880TeriflunomideapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB05219Crisaboroleapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB06595Midostaurinapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB05015Belinostatapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11613Velpatasvirapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB06670OdanacatibinvestigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB01685TopiroxostatexperimentalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08922PerospironeexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12026Voxilaprevirapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB13874Enasidenibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB13919CandesartanexperimentalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12070Letermovirapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB12267Brigatinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12332Rucaparibapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB13943Testosterone cypionateapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13944Testosterone enanthateapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13946Testosterone undecanoateapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13952Estradiol acetateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13953Estradiol benzoateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13954Estradiol cypionateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13955Estradiol dienanthateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13956Estradiol valerateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11901Apalutamideapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB11633Isavuconazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB11632Opicaponeapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB13746Bioallethrinapproved, experimentalnosubstrateDetails
DB00486Nabiloneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB11995Avatrombopagapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB00973EzetimibeapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB14512Mometasone furoateapproved, investigational, vet_approvednoinhibitorDetails
DB14538Hydrocortisone aceponateexperimental, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14539Hydrocortisone acetateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14540Hydrocortisone butyrateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14541Hydrocortisone cypionateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14542Hydrocortisone phosphateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14543Hydrocortisone probutateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14544Hydrocortisone valerateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14568Ivosidenibapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB14545Hydrocortisone succinateapprovedunknowninducerDetails
DB11979Elagolixapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB13867Fluticasoneapproved, experimentalnoinhibitorDetails
DB08906Fluticasone furoateapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB00588Fluticasone propionateapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB00615Rifabutinapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB11753Rifamycinapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB01220Rifaximinapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB12781BalaglitazoneinvestigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB09201CiglitazoneexperimentalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB09198LobeglitazoneexperimentalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB09199NetoglitazoneexperimentalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB09200Rivoglitazoneexperimental, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06616BosutinibapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08875Cabozantinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01645GenisteininvestigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09078Lenvatinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01072Atazanavirapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB08496(R)-warfarinexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14055(S)-Warfarinexperimental, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB09256Tegafurapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00307Bexaroteneapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB01357MestranolapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB01609Deferasiroxapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00908Quinidineapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB00834Mifepristoneapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08881VemurafenibapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09213Dexibuprofenapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12130Lorlatinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00619ImatinibapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB11978Glasdegibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12245Triclabendazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00465KetorolacapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12015Alpelisibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11757Istradefyllineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00678LosartanapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB08502CapravirineinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01217Anastrozoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB12808Trifaroteneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12001Abemaciclibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB15444Elexacaftorapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB00635Prednisoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB06119Cenobamateapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB01222BudesonideapprovedunknowninducerDetails
DB00959Methylprednisoloneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB06077Lumateperoneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB15328Ubrogepantapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01060Amoxicillinapproved, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12466Favipiravirapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00443Betamethasoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB09241Methylene blueapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12612Ozanimodapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14631Prednisolone phosphateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB11689Selumetinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB11652Tucatinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14761Remdesivirapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01611HydroxychloroquineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB15685Selpercatinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB14840RipretinibapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB00845Clofazimineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00714Apomorphineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14649Dexamethasone acetateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB01110Miconazoleapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12499Clascoteroneapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB15822Pralsetinibapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorinducerDetails
DB06448Lonafarnibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB15935Lumasiranapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB06137Tirbanibulinapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB11853Relugolixapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00170Menadioneapproved, nutraceuticalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08864RilpivirineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB15133Tepotinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB04854FebuxostatapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB08822Azilsartan medoxomilapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB15569Sotorasibapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB12471Ibrexafungerpapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12543Samidorphanapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12151Brincidofovirapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB16165Finerenoneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB16703Belumosudilapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB08932MacitentanapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB05667Levoketoconazoleapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB05467Palovaroteneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB04847Roxadustatapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB16236Mitapivatapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinducerDetails
DB09061Cannabidiolapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB14009Medical Cannabisexperimental, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB14921Mavacamtenapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12020Tecovirimatapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB00374Treprostinilapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01024Mycophenolic acidapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB16536Birch bark extractapproved, experimentalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09118StiripentolapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB13997Baloxavir marboxilapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12095Telotristat ethylapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB17083LinzagolixapprovednosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB16267Olutasidenibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinducerDetails
DB15568Adagrasibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB17449Anacaulaseapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB12236Bexagliflozinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB17472Pirtobrutinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11682Daprodustatapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00349Clobazamapproved, illicitnosubstrateDetails
DB12513Omaveloxoloneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB00862VardenafilapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11712Tezacaftorapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB01194BrinzolamideapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB12255Vadadustatapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB14924Ritlecitinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11763Momelotinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14766EtrasimodapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB11718Encorafenibapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB15114Vamoroloneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB16826Repotrectinibapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB11679Fruquintinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB16200Iptacopanapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB06636Isavuconazoniumapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorinducerDetails
DB12005Nirogacestatapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails